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In this 2nd part of the 'Creation of Schools' series, we learn in detail, how the Islamic education system was structured and organised. For example, the stages of schools, the different subjects in the education system and many other precious pieces of information you can learn about.
Script:
Welcome to Forgotten Islam,
Organisation was one of the keys to the foundation of schools for the Islamic world which created structure and illustrated power of education and enlightenment. By the middle of the 9th century, education had been split into many categories such as the Islamic and natural sciences, philosophy, the literary arts, medicine, mathematics and many more subjects. The Islamic sciences, a highly valued sector, emphasized the study of the Quran and Hadith and the interpretations given by leading theologians and scholars who used this knowledge from the Quran to discover cures and many other practical uses. They started to set up salaries perfectly reflecting the high value of teachers in the Muslim society.
The Muslims were pioneers in organising schools into categories similar to primary, secondary, college and university, which were later adopted by the West, with different types of schools for different levels of education. For example, regular schools taught general subjects with simplicity and were equivalent to primary school. Once the students had finished their education in regular schools, they would leave with a primary level certificate. Regular schools were common and were found in every corner of every village. What was distinct about the Muslim schools was that the level of education was based on the child’s capability not just a standard curriculum followed to pass exams as seen in todays education systems.
After regular schools, many would go to study in higher schools which held higher levels of education such as Darul Qurra which translates to ‘the house of readers.’ Its expertise was in Arabic and memorising the Quran. There was also ‘Dar ul Hadith’ which evidently taught hadith. There were many other important schools but these were some of the most highly esteemed. Graduates would be then awarded the equivalent of a university degree. Thereafter students would further specialise in specific areas such as the medicine faculty.
Medicine was a respected subject which flourished in the Muslim world. Scholars like Ibn Sina, the father of medicine and Al Zahrawi, the father of surgery, studied and found many ways of healing people, inspired by the hadith ‘For every illness there is a cure’.
In addition, practical studies, like the development of the irrigation system or architectural innovations was also seen as important.
For example, there was the Sankore University in Timbuktu which was one of the highlights of the Islamic golden age. It housed so many faculties of education, including medicine, astronomy, mathematics, all the sciences, philosophy, language, geography, history, as well as art. Furthermore, you could have also taken classes in business and other manual jobs like farming. This university truly made the medieval Europeans become envious as they struggled in their dark age. It was arguably one of the oldest universities, founded in 989 CE and remained as a very significant place of learning that the whole of the Muslim world flocked to.
It is truly interesting when you ponder upon Muslim history, showcasing a golden age of education and prosperity. Yet, we also need to contemplate on the current situation of not just the Muslim world but the whole globe in general. It maybe that there are advancements in technology and science, but how is that level of education evident in society at large, when there is ongoing poverty, wars and all kinds of atrocities in this world. This is the reality of Earth at this moment and for another golden age to truly prevail, we need a just system which caters for humanity and that’s its education and morality is displayed in society. If you have any suggestions for any topic you want to hear about, please tell me in the comments below. I hope you enjoyed this video and don’t forget to like, share and subscribe.
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Credits: 1001 Inventions