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The Czech poet, playwright, essayist, and novelist Milan Kundera, 94, has away after a long battle with illness. His works include The Unbearable Lightness of Being.
Following his dismissal from the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in 1975 for "anti-communist activities," Kundera spent the next four decades of his life in exile in Paris. Later, he turned to book writing in French, beginning with La lenteur (Slowness) in 1995 and concluding with The Festival of Insignificance in 2014. His name was floated as a potential Nobel laureate in literature on multiple occasions.Before becoming a lecturer on world literature at the Prague Film Academy in 1952, Kundera studied music with his famed pianist and musicologist father. Despite rejecting socialist realism, his literary reputation was bolstered by Posledn máj (The Last May), a 1955 ode to communist hero Julius Fuk.
For his "anti-communist activities" in 1950 and his support for free speech and equal rights during the Prague Spring of 1968, Kundera was expelled from the Communist Party twice: in 1950 and again in 1970. His debut novel, 1967’s ert (The Joke), was a success because it reflected the culture of the day. The work, a multifaceted examination of fate and reason centering on a student's Trotsky joke meant to woo a girl, vanished from bookstores and libraries after Russian tanks rolled into Wenceslas Square. In addition to being fired, Kundera was also barred from teaching. Since publishing was out of the question, he found creative freedom playing jazz trumpet in local cabarets.He left Czechoslovakia in 1975 after losing hope that it would reform, gave up his Czech citizenship in 1979, and then became a French citizen in 1981. After the publication of The Unbearable Lightness of Being in 1984, Kundera became a household name thanks to the support of Philip Roth. A look at the tension between personal autonomy and social duty via the experiences of two couples in Prague, 1968. Daniel Day-Lewis and Juliette Binoche starred in Philip Kaufman's 1988 film adaptation of a novel by Milan Kundera, which catapulted Kundera to literary renown.
The author was never satisfied with Kaufman's streamlining of the novel's complex plot. After his initial trust in the media had been shaken, he began to express scepticism by stating things like, "An author, once quoted by a journalist, is no longer master of his word." This, of course, cannot stand.
"The totalitarian world, whether founded on Marx, Islam, or anything else, is a world of answers rather than questions," Kundera told Roth in 1980 in the New York Times.
He went on to say, "It seems to me that all over the world people today prefer to judge rather than to understand, to answer rather than to ask, so that the voice of the novel can hardly be heard over the noisy foolishness of human certainties."In 1988, Kundera published his final Czech novel, titled Nesmrtelnost (Immortality). This philosophical novel of ideas spawned three French short novels that probed themes of homecoming, nostalgia, and memory: La Lenteur (1995), L'Identité (1998), and L'Ignorance (2000).
In 2008, Kundera finally spoke out against the charges that he had betrayed a Czech airman working for American intelligence over 50 years previously, dubbing it "the assassination of an author." In an open letter, famous authors like Philip Roth, Salman Rushdie, J.M. Coetzee, and more said that an expert witness from Prague exonerated Viktor Kundera of all charges. The media has spread this falsehood far too often without covering the facts that disprove it.
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