The True Story Of Boudica’s Revolt Against the Romans

Do you want to know the real history behind Netflix's series 'Boudica: Rise of the Warrior Queen'? Look no further...
In 60/61 AD turmoil seized southern Britain. A massive anti-Roman revolt reared its ugly head in East Anglia, as tens of thousands of Britons attempted to evict the recently-arrived Romans from the island by the spear.
At its head was one of the most famous figures in the whole of British history. An elusive and unique warrior woman, whose name has become immortalised down through the centuries. Boudica, Queen of the Iceni.
In this documentary Tristan Hughes tells the story of Boudica’s revolt, alongside the expert input of Roehampton University’s Dr Shushma Malik.
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[@danaann1971]

Why was her response to the rape of her children so violent?!? Gee…I have no idea…

[@bunzeebear2973]

Mothers have that protectiveness about them. Rome flucked with the wrong lady.

[@topcatcoolio8807]

Yer, she got whacked in the end. Hard core legions beat icenis outnumbered in the midlands

[@Forge5304]

You gotta be kidding right?!!

[@cristhianramirez6939]

That's why she had to torture and murder thousand of roman colonists?

[@Winkle-Dinkle]

Then she… just kind went full Nazi 😊

[@HowardArnold-be9ly]

Moral of this story is Don’t let the Romans choose the battle ground.

[@butzee]

Especially when they're playing away from home?

[@thalmoragent9344]

​@@butzee Yep, even then

[@runningwildttv3648]

To be fair that is true to be said of any invading force.

[@lw3646]

That's a lesson for pretty much any general. Wellington choose Waterloo as the place to face Napoleon. The master of the defensive v the master of the offensive.

[@HowardArnold-be9ly]

She was neither.

[@dolma5250]

Love people insulting her in the comments, like any of you could do 1/3 of what she did 🤡.

[@Zvabh]

But she didn"t really do anything significant. In reality she's a massively overrated figure in history

[@mottthehoople693]

@@Zvabh but she did....she is remembered...what she did is remembered....you on the other hand will always be a nonentity...just like me....

[@raghavsingh5154]

Yeah , we all aspire to have some terrible, living nightmare to befall our family so we can start a futile revolt against an empire. Who needs a happy, living family when a random KZbinr knows your name?

[@mottthehoople693]

@@raghavsingh5154 lol sigh....she fought back she rebelled...that's the important thing.. The romans treated her badly they treated her daughters badly she fought back...dont have to be a little puppy and let bastards get away with shit...and they wouldn't have treated you nicely there would be no fluffy puppies and nice warm holidays....

[@vicsaul5459]

Just like to say, big shout out, to the roman scribe Tacitus, without whom non of this early history would be known 😉 ,

[@williamrobinson7435]

Thanks Tristan and team, this is great! The parallels alluded to at the end there might make a good film also? Happy New Year to all at History Hit, and to all viewers and supporters of this excellent channel. ⭐👍

[@desiguy55]

Enya's song, Boudica, brought me here to learn more about who Boudica was. a movie should be made about this interesting figure who challenged Rome.

[@desiguy55]

just found out there is a 2023 movie called Boudica, queen warrior.

[@bunzeebear2973]

There is such a movie on YT . Just watch the other versions of the same story

[@user-hh7jz9pm9s]

This was a great documentary thank you

[@Jayjay-qe6um]

Boudica was adopted by the suffragettes as one of the symbols of the campaign for women's suffrage. In 1908, a "Boadicea Banner" was carried in several National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies marches. She appears in A Pageant of Great Women written by Cicely Hamilton, which opened at the Scala Theatre, London, in November 1909 before a national tour, and she was described in a 1909 pamphlet as "the eternal feminine... the guardian of the hearth, the avenger of its wrongs upon the defacer and the despoiler".

[@jewdd1989]

Thank you very interesting, I’m not surprised but good to know. She was one hell of a real woman who stood up not for women specifically but for her countrymen which obviously included women and girls and the lands of which they lived and ruled and the right to obtain control back, maintain their culture and way of life and I’m sure avenge her daughters and her husband. She’s a fascinating person

[@dewbiedewdew]

Didn't she lose in remarkable fashion against an enemy she outnumber 10 to1? That's your hero?

[@phoenix51472]

​@@dewbiedewdew judging by how modern women "perform" in sports, STEM, high pressure / risk jobs and whenever military conscription comes up...she probably is the best "hero" for them.

[@skyereave9454]

​@@dewbiedewdew Yes she did. Killed mostly helpless villagers before that.

[@jacovawernett3077]

L'chaim

[@caldwellboyy5933]

The resistance of Cataractus (Caradoc) lasted for 9 years, longer than Boudica, Spartacus, Arminius and even Vercingetorix yet he is completely ignored by historians despite leading the longest resistance to Roman rule.

[@Bullet-Tooth-Tony-]

Yeah Caratacus is underrated, there's also another legend from Portugal called Viriathus.

[@kevcaratacus9428]

Caratacus would've continued if he hadn't been betrayed by queen cartimandaue she drugged his wine while he was resting & she had him tied & handed him to the Romans . He's a local hero, I live in stalbans a city built opposite the old ruins of Verulamium.

[@lflank]

"When you have all this ... why do you begrudge us our poor hovels?" --Caratacus

[@kevcaratacus9428]

Caratacus was a true hero of the time a true warrior against the Roman regime . Boudicca wasn't fit to lick his toe nails. There should be a bronze statue of Caratacus outside parliament and not boudicca. He doesn't get any of the credit he deserves..

[@Bullet-Tooth-Tony-]

@@kevcaratacus9428 Yeah Boudica is overrated, Hereward The Wake is another good one.

[@sa1boxfitboxercise271]

Great video btw 👍🏽

[@josephphoenix1376]

Excellent Episode 👍😁 Any News on the actual Location of the Battle Site?

[@sallygally5202]

Have the producers at History Hit every considered doing an interview with the author, Manda Scott? She wrote an excellent series on Boudicca. It is fiction, obs, but really well researched. She offers a more female-centric context that challenges many of the ideas of the traditional Boudicca narrative, given that all of our written sources are secondary and written from the Roman (and very male patriarchal) point of view. She gives a great explanation at the end of the final book in the series as to why she made these choices and why she believes them to be pretty plausible. On a separate note, someone needs to make a good epic film about this story. I know it's been attempted, but we can do better.

[@kevcaratacus9428]

Does she give any explanation why the Iceni chose to go south after destroying the temple? The complete opposite direction of any Roman soldiers. Just ordinary innocent Celtic people , living farming working Who had nothing to do with what happened to the Iceni. But she destroyed their city's and killed Celtic people . Instead of going North after the temple towards the Romans and their camps . North Towards the people she was angry with .. .. As you said its fiction But does it say why the Iceni made a deal with Rome before they invaded Britain Promising they would stay on their land and not join the others fighting the invading Romans.. I look at the Iceni as cowards For not joining the other Celts Who fought against the invading Romans. She supposed to hate the Romans but made deals with them. I think it serves them right it all went wrong in the end They trusted & made deals with the enemy Instead of fighting tjem . It serves tjem right shit happened 18 years later. ... maybe if they fought with the other Celts earlier on the Romans would have been beaten & not have invaded at all .. Who knows ..

[@masterzimny]

@@kevcaratacus9428 yeah that’s a pretty fucking far cry. Unfortunately the truth is pretty simple, & typically the simplest explanation is almost always the actual one. The Celts just could not beat the Roman Empire, & to even think that if theoretically the Iceni had actually fought alongside the other Celt Armies against Rome vs making deals with them “The Enemy” (To Which I’ll Agree 100% With You About Them Being Cowards For Such An Absolutely Unfathomably Retarded Decision They Made Which Only Postponed Their Eventual & Indefinitely Inevitable Eradication For Another 18 Years Which I Guess Could Be Seen By Some As The Only Positive Thing They Got Out Of Such A Dumbass Decision To Which I’d Say To Anyone Believing It To Be A Positive Thing That They Are An Imbecile, & To Get An Extra 18 Years Before Your Execution Is Finally Carried Out Inevitably While Also Being Looked Upon By Some For Eternity As The Ultimate Cowards Of Their Own Kind Is Way Worse Than If They’d Have Just Manned The Fuck Up Like The Rest & Fight & Die For Your People With Dignity). Anyway my main point is that I think it’s also pretty fucking retarded to sit there & even imagine such a fanciful & absurdly ridiculous possibility that The Celts “JUST MAYBE POSSIBLY COULD HAVE PERHAPS STOPPED THE ROMAN EMPIRE HAD THE COWARDLY ICENI HAVE FOUGHT THE ROMANS INITIALLY INSTEAD OF MAKING DEALS WITH THEM TO BUY ANOTHER 18 YEARS UNTIL YOU REACH YOUR EXECUTION DATE, I MEAN IT IS A POSSIBILITY RIGHT? I MEAN BECAUSE WE DON’T KNOW WHAT WOULD’VE HAPPENED WHICH MEANS THAT THEY ABSOLUTELY COULD’VE POSSIBLY STOPPED THE ROMAN EMPIRE….RIGHT????”. WRONG ABSOLUTELY POSITIVELY FUCKING RETARDEDLY WRRRROOOONNNNG The Celts just simply weren’t ever capable enough at that time to achieve such a thing. They had some decent military leaders who made good challenges for Rome at times but ultimately NO. The Roman Army & it’s literally countless numbers of tactically genius generals, armor/& weapon technologies seriously seeming AT THAT TIME TO BE WHAT SEEMED LIGHT YEARS INTO THE FUTURE from what The Celts had & the very few military leaders & tacticians who could hardly ever even be considered to be at a level relatively even somewhat close to Rome’s Generals & Tacticians.

[@jojonesjojo8919]

Dan Snow is a thumpingly good chap.

[@wellingtonsboots4074]

Thanks enjoyed this. I remember about 40 years ago reading Pauline Gedge's The Eagle and the Raven. It really got me interested in Roman Britain and Boudicca. After i finished the book I went to Colchester Museum and from there London and St Albans looking for traces of the revolt. Been interested in her ever since.

[@user-ix8xo2lx2j]

I love that book. I've never met or heard of anyone else who has read it.

[@KemPeck1701]

there is a pub at the north end of colchester high street where there is a window in the basement/cellor.. and it faces into the earth.. no light... in that earth, you can see the destruction layer from Boudica's sacking of the town also.. under colchester castle, the cellors of the roman temple is still accessable i saw it as a school kid on a history trip

[@christophercorbett5074]

I agree Add Cartimandua to the plot and you would have feisty actresses queuing up! And chaps like me queuing up to watch!!

[@davidc3839]

Now you need to go to Rome!

[@alittletingle]

I love that book!

[@jeanniewoelfle834]

Thanks!

[@roywhitworth]

As a resident of Colchester, I have a few issues. Firstly the destruction of the city was huge, levelled and burnt, pillaged and destroyed. Any survivors hid in the temple where that too was eventually torched. Civilians and soldiers included. The soldiers didn’t desert the city at all. The fighting went on for a week. They were just retirees and veterans recouping. They held out for as long as they could. Colchester is also on the highest ground for miles, giving a great view of anyone coming to help

[@kevcaratacus9428]

The person tjey should have spoken to is Philip crummy the district archaeologist of Colchester, he knows everything there is to know especially about Roman Colchester. He discovered the site where chariot racing happened. He knows the population of Colchester during the uprising He dismisses the tales about the trinovantes joining the Iceni, Colchester was their capital long before the Romans invaded. They wouldn't attack and kill their own people.. As you rightly say it wasn't just the temple or new Roman city that was destroyed ideas the whole settlement which was much larger than the new city , the people were unarmed and apart from a few retired soldiers the majority of the people were regular trinovantes/Celts . This video is full of misinformation

[@tryn2think43]

The Ad's are getting out of control, and why are they so loud?

[@Clearlight201]

I blame the Romans.

[@davidc3839]

Yeah, what did they ever do for us?@@Clearlight201

[@DogRoar-dq4ri]

Jew tube!

[@lordbertos8124]

​@@Clearlight201shall we start a rebellion?

[@Clearlight201]

@@lordbertos8124 worth a try 🙂

[@hallamhal]

I remember learning all about this from Dan's series, Battlefield Britain but I can't find it anywhere anymore 😢

[@RoseCarroll-pk6mt]

Thank you

[@magicpyroninja]

Broken promises, backstabbings and betrayals often lead to revolts and the downfall of empires In my opinion, the Romans made their bed

[@Brandnewshoes]

Great documentary! Dr Malik was super informative too! I’d be interested to hear about the Vietnamese sisters.

[@stephanieyee9784]

That story is Epic! The Trung sisters were absolute champions and deserve more recognition.

[@mikepowell2776]

That was a really well-researched, produced and presented exposition of a fascinating element of Romano-British history. I thank you for it amongst so much I’ll-conceived dross which inhabits KZbin. I get the impression that Dio preferred the more ‘scalable’ aspects whereas Tacitus was constrained by knowing some of those who took part. (He was Agricola’s son-in-law.) One point: I was led to understand that Postumus was Camp Prefect and therefore only acting commander of Legio 2 Augusta at Isca during the legate’s temporary absence. He may have felt that marching through the enemy territory of the Durotriges and Dobunii was too much of a potential risk, or possibly felt he was beyond his competence horizon. Whatever, he failed whilst Cerrialis’ decision to secure what was left of his legion is more understandable. Didn’t he later become Governor? Again, thanks for a refreshing video.

[@christophercorbett5074]

Yes he did Leading the invasion north to take over Cartimanduas realm of the Brigantes after she was ousted Interesting lady herself and has I think an undeserved bad press! Read my novel!! Chris Corbett

[@RCatRecords]

Absolutely brilliant historical perspective filling a-lot of gaps compared to others Ive seen and read on our Warrior Queen, the Iceni and Celtic Britain.

[@kevcaratacus9428]

I still have a ton of gaps , unanswered questions. These things about boudicca are pretty much the same. They say things like tribes joined her but don't say who They say she had 100k or more rebels but don't say who or where they came from They say she killed 70k But don't explain who or where they all came from . They ignore obvious questions / answers to things like that. The whole population of eastern Britain was much less than that. The places they attacked only had 2/3000 people and thst includes farmers , farmers workers who all knew the rebels were coming and left the cities empty..

[@MikeGreenwood51]

@@kevcaratacus9428 They were not technically rebels. They were on home turf fighting invaders who had a reputation of rape, extorsion, murder and inciting revolt of kin against kin.

[@kevcaratacus9428]

@@MikeGreenwood51 The iceni were NOT on home turf. They crossed into lands formally ruled by the trinovantes , they massacred mutilated everyone they could and destroyed their homes ( unarmed innocent Celtic people) Archaeology shows they destroyed the whole settlement , it wasn't just an attack on a temple / new Roman city. It was an outrage, disgusting. Then they went on to do the same to people property on route to and including London and did the same along the way and finally to Verulamium, which was the last known place to suffer before Seutonius stopped them. ..All thst happened 20 years after the Claudian invasion, which they did nothing to try stopping the Romans. The Iceni had meetings with the Romans before the invasion when they made a deal to accept Roman rule promising they would remain on their own land and not join any tribes who united to fight the Romans. Whatever the real reason for the uprising it had NOTHING to do with defending their land from invaders. They were 20 years to late for that. Whatever you think about the Romans imo the Iceni did far worse , killing ordinary unarmed Celts and destroying , stealing their property. Which is why is think of them as a lowly band of murdering theiving cowardly rebels . If they were truly anti Roman if they realised they had made a mistake in trusting/ dealing with the Romans 20 years earlier. Why did they go south when the legions their camps were further north ? If the historians are right about the Iceni killing 70.000 people, they were 99.9% unarmed Celts. They did nothing to harm the Romans. They didn't come close to overthrowing Roman rule Whatever their reasons for the uprising they were selfish reasons, they probably expected more , or ...? We will never know what they were promised. But the facts are they didn't fight the Romans when they should have , they obviously didn't hate , wernt against the Romans otherwise they wouldn't have made any deals at all.

[@reshanyousef8178]

A truly wonderful historical documentary, like all your wonderful documentaries. I truly thank you for what you present from history in an inspiring and beautiful way. We continue to support you for what you present. Greetings to you from the land of the Kurds ..❤🎉🌹🌹

[@kevcaratacus9428]

Tbis is not true its all BS

[@thefurrybastard1964]

Excellent video.

[@JoeDouglas]

Brilliant documentary but bugger me if there aren't a lot of ads

[@Maderyne]

I suggest finding an adblocker app or subscribing to You-Tube. Either method gets rid of the annoyance. Nothing worse than being yanked out of your immersion by some crap ads.

[@lindaterrell5535]

Somewhere there is a tv movie about Boudicca starring Alex Kingston. I saw it ages ago.

[@jeffebdy]

I think it's available on dvd

[@fuferito]

The *BBC* documentary series, _In Search of the Dark Ages,_ hosted by Michael Wood, has an episode on Boudica. Still worth watching, more than 40-plus years later.

[@butzee]

Wood did similar documentaries on the Anglo Saxons, Shakespeare and a history of a Leicestershire village through the ages!

[@fuferito]

@@butzee, Correct. Plus, scores of other excellent documentaries Michael Wood has hosted (see, _In Search of Beowulf,_ etc). I've been a fan of his since my teens, and I'm nearly fifty myself.

[@lw3646]

​@@butzeehis series on the trojan war is a masterpiece.

[@kevcaratacus9428]

Easily my favourite historian Prof Michael Wood

[@lesterfalcon1350]

Funny, when he mentioned the parallel events I immediately thought of the Trung sisters, but was still surprised when it was them he went onto reference. They are pretty big in Vietnamese History, with a street named after them in every city I have visited '"Hai Bà Trưng", laterally the ""Two Ladies Trung"

[@richardkeilig4062]

Amazing story.

[@stetomlinson3146]

The last informative book I read about these times pointed out no one knew where the final battle took plabce between the tribes and Romans, who fought who and what happened to Boudica. In fact apart from a couple of lines by a couple of Roman writers years after it was supposed to have occurred, no one truly knows whether she existed at all! There was no one from the tribal side who wrote stuff down. But its exciting and we love a good yarn!

[@chriswilko18]

Pretty sure Duncan Mackay would give you a helluva explanation. Next time there's another video, get him on. Or at least check out his book/audiobook. Echolands: A Journey in Search of Boudica.

[@Vanadisir]

This will be my next listen/read, thank you.

[@theasylumt1a277]

Im not sure his theory makes sense, however, its a great book

[@casard5235]

Thanks for this. Now I think I know the symbol of the lady with the sword that is so predominant in British history. Feel free to correct me if I'm wrong.

[@Soap-sk5mc]

Fabulous documentary, very well made (just put the books down next time LOL).

[@Maderyne]

She fought as a novice in battle tactics against a foe who had honed their tactics through years of warfare. It was inevitable that she would lose the fight.

[@antonpressing]

Overconfident thru numbers !

[@stevewixom9311]

Your so right. It shows what happens when an overly emotional untrained amateur goes up against a highly trained battle hardened professional.

[@annafox7474]

Sadly

[@drstrangelove4998]

Quite, ‘she was clever for a woman’ says it all. Still admirable, but… she wasn’t and Armenius, sadly.

[@drstrangelove4998]

A woman, an emotional thinker, her tribe’s downfall.

[@2serveand2protect]

...to think this channel - a channel of this quality! - has ONLY 1 MILLION followers is MINDBLOWING!...it should have been five times that number!...

[@clivesmith9377]

Boudica to Romans: "This is a local shop for local people. There's nothing for you here."

[@andrewobrien8325]

38:12 That rebellion sounds fascinating. I’d love to hear more about it. I hadn’t heard of that one but it sounds like an equally interesting aspect of history

[@robofclanlennox]

Our educations system is a disgrace. I was never taught it in school in the 70's/80's but learned everything about the Russian bloody revolution. You need to also look up the 1381 peasants rebellion if you haven't heard of that either. Also the aftermath of and rebellions that occurred after the Norman invasion. That was brutal. Both have been effectively ignored by history.

[@dannycampbell6223]

Great video, too many ads but hey we've all got to make a living.

[@mohammedsaysrashid3587]

It was a second time I saw this wonderful historical coverage episode about a brilliant moment of British history. Episode about revolutionary female leaders of Britain 🇬🇧 rebellious against Roman empire existed in Britain sovereignty. That courageous rebellion leader was the queen (Boudica) ...it was a wonderful historical coverage and introduction

[@kraigthorne3549]

The fact that Boudica is directly responsible for the deaths of more British men women and children than Hitler does not bother you?

[@markvoelker6620]

Why? Because hell hath no fury …

[@lordeden2732]

LIKE A NORFOLK GAL UPSET!

[@letudiante7873]

Where is that replica Iron Age/Celtic village he is walking around in? Did he mention it at all in the video and I just missed it? Thanks!

[@8teillumin]

It looks like Butser Ancient Farm near Waterlooville, Hampshire There was an Iceni Village near Swaffham in Norfolk but it closed in 2014 if memory serves If your near Coventry there is a partially restored Roman Fort near the airport called The Lunt Roman Fort. It is thought to have played a part in the Roman part of this Iceni rebellion.

[@letudiante7873]

@@8teillumin Thank you for all the information! The farm in Hampshire looks so interesting!

[@christophercorbett5074]

Many years ago I wrote a historical novel around the Boudicca revolt A tragic story as all wars are but her violence was surely understandable Deserves her title as the first British heroine Sadly little is known or made known about her equally charismatic contemporary Queen Cartimanduas of the Brigantes As a Yorkshire an she always fascinated me since she ruled over my part of the world! Hence my second novel!!

[@user-st7nu3ij3v]

It is shameful that on Westminster bridge her beautiful statue with the inscription of her fighting for britons is obscured by cockneys sell crappy souvenirs and this is across from the houses of parliament . Surely the MPs have noticed this desecration

[@marcobelli6856]

really a shame I didn’t know about this

[@kevcaratacus9428]

Shouldn't be a bronze statue It should be turned into scrap. The Iceni destroyed London and the innocent Celtic people living there. They had nothing to do with what happens. Neither did the Celts of Verulamium. She made deals with the Romans before they invaded Britain She took 30 pieces of silver To stay away from the fighting While the real Celts fought against the invading Romans. The Iceni did nothing they stayed at home by they're fires instead of fighting alongside the other Celts..

[@kevcaratacus9428]

@@marcobelli6856 he lies The police don't allow anyone near parliament In case of terrorist attacks. He doesn't anything about cockneys either. They come from east London Not Westminster They work hard and people don't mess around with them ..

[@marcobelli6856]

@@kevcaratacus9428 thank you

[@ChrisJensen-se9rj]

"Mighty Army of Boudicca"? They were an armed rabble, undisciplined, mostly semi trained, and with a reliance on weight of numbers and needing a distinct absence of military opposition to succeed. Their conduct at "Watling Street"showed clearly their lack of not only training but situational awareness.

[@kevcaratacus9428]

Even a badly led rabble of 100k should've easily destroyed a small disciplined army . In the 9th c it only took a 1000 Vikings to conquer most of Britain . And they had to fight other armies. So 100 or 150.000 shouldve been unstoppable. That's why I don't believe the historians. There was nowhere near 100k Iceni, not even 50k I'd be surprised if they had more than 5000 actual warriors .

[@pauls3204]

Same nonsense spoken about Mons Grampus in Aberdeenshire , not even a relic never mind a battle field has been found .

[@kevcaratacus9428]

@@pauls3204 I'll have to lookup that one , the name is familiar,

[@kevcaratacus9428]

@@pauls3204 I've only had a quick read , the basics the numbers involved. And although I don't much at all about Scottish history especially Scottish/ Roman history, but the date later 1st century and numbers seem way over the top. History 'facts' that come from Roman historians and put together usually by Victorians A time people could afford books had an interest in history. They cut corners , trim, fill gaps, metaphorically speaking. And later historians copy and copy until everyone knows the same version and beleives it They dont question things . Things that archaeologists question , have studied if not regional but generally. Or places focused on by excavation and studying finds Not the obvious not the glamour the gold or silver brooches but the everyday Domestic items, pottery Kitchen wares , broken, each type collected weighed. Sized Indicates amount , used, soil analysis, studied shows what was grown the amount of land farmed , etc etc all together builds a picture of population size , animals enclosures etc A village , land , food, amount ,enough for 100 people ( an example) It's easy to work out the same with other villages , settlements, . When Roman historians talk about 30.000 & the evidence suggests sustenance enough within a 100 miles square for 2300 , you run out of villages and have to question to doubt history books . I don't mean to ramble just give a basic view of how why we know historians are wrong As I mentioned re the Iceni A tribe all the above , & more studied results in a population under 1200 people . Where did the other 125.00 historians claim joined her come from. 're mons ' the stottish federation as they call it of 30k ( some claim more others less) Is more likely to be 1000 v 2000. But as I said I can only do by what I've learned from battles uprisings further south. Roman historians, even Victorian Don't seem to stop and consider realistic numbers, population. They prefer the exaggerate version. As opposed to the realistic most likely facts . Roman historians especially seem to be clueless when it comes to the population of each settlement, they imagine Rome so many people in such a small city and assumes its the same everywhere. ... Basically I agree with you.

[@MikeGreenwood51]

@@kevcaratacus9428 I think you misunderstood what conquering was. Your idea of piratical raiding of coastal villages, raping looting and pillaging non combatants is not really conquering Britian. But how about Stanford Bridge when your theiving murderers arrived with 400 ships but left with just a few which were allowed to leave to take the message back to your King. If being slaughted is what you imagine is conquering then you know why your side lost. Even The Duke of Normandy wanted nothing more to do with your marauding theiving robbers and he then denounced his former status as a Viking. Now where would all those tens of thousands have been today if they had had policies of cooperation and and respecting each other? Maybe like lots of MAFIA. They would not have been dead and world wide infamousely notorios. There could have been a Nation of hundreds of millions. Instead of an infamouse little people of a by gone era illegalised by the Heads of their own former Country.

[@minhtruong8565]

Very interesting the parallel with the Trưng Sisters rebellion in Vietnam at about the same period, against the Han dynasty, as you pointed out. Not just in timing, of course, but in historical significance and legacy.

[@johnwright9372]

It is surprising that the Britons had not learned to adapt their tactics from Caesar's campaigns in Gaul and Britain and Claudius' campaign a generation earlier.

[@onemagpie3735]

to much civil disputes amongst the tribes of Britons and Rome was very good at manipulating tribes to fight the other tribes for them....... far more organised.

[@lw3646]

Yes, though they were fairly effective against Caesar the first time.

[@fotograf736]

Wonderful true story. I admire Boudica as well as the Roman general who defeated her. Correct me if wrong, Iceni were among the tribes driven out of modern day Belgium by J. Caesar's campaigns to seek refuge and settle in Britain. They must have undoubtedly mixed up with the Celts there. Olga Kurylenko will finally play Boudica in a full feature film, been waiting since Centurion by Neill Marshall.

[@hetrodoxlysonov-wh9oo]

The Iceni predate the Belgae.

[@SomeGuy-up4yz]

@@hetrodoxlysonov-wh9oo Sure, and they were called the Nervii before that, I think.

[@fotograf736]

@@Kaspar.C0LD Sadly, yes.

[@bugzyhardrada3168]

​@@Kaspar.C0LDI mean it's a helluva lot more entertaining then napoleon that much is for sure

[@newzinski6946]

Tbh Boudica wasn't a very good fighter or general more so the Romans were pretty understaffed and spread too thin as Britain was the edge of their empire. Obviously in the main showdown a much smaller Roman force annihilated Boudica's army very quickly. Historically was Boudica a great orater and galvenizer? by most accounts yes. But was she ever realistically going to defeat the Romans or create serious damage? no. I would say Queen Zenobia and Cleopatra was similar to Boudica but a step above in terms of tact, charisma and long-term vision

[@Chahaman_Harshit_00]

Full Respect to Warrior Queen Boudica🙏🙏🚩, She stood up against the Colonial Power of that time, Roman Empire, Just like Warrior Queen of Jhansi(Rani Manikarnika)🙏🙏🚩 and Queen Chenamma🙏🙏🚩 who fought against Colonial Power of their time, British Empire.

[@anugranmathimugan2778]

A Great and courageous Queen , sad end .

[@jess53nz]

Gonna need a video on the vietnamese history mentioned at the end now!

[@necessaryevil3428]

Be interesting to see if they can find the site of the battle in my lifetime

[@theasylumt1a277]

i'll let you know soon

[@snacks1184]

The land around Watling Street, where the battle may have taken place, is very acidic, so nothing would have survived.

[@antoniotorcoli5740]

Excellent video. Few remarks: according to roman law, women could not inherit properties, let's alone kingdoms. So, the confiscation by the State of Boudicca's share was legal. The beating of the Queen could also be considered "legal" since she opposed to the confiscation and she was not a roman citizen. That means that she could be arrested and punished on the spot by the public authority. The rape of her daughters was on the contrary blatantly illegal, since the Iceni were allied of the Roman State and were theoretically protected by law from abuses of roman authorithies as "peregrini" or " socii".

[@fotograf736]

Romans were very good at dominating large areas with few troops using good diplomacy, except that disgraced idiot who is basically responsible for the whole revolt. Lack of a good diplomatic corps is a good indicator of collapse for any state.

[@kevcaratacus9428]

What about the Brigantian Queen , Cartimandaue she continued to owned her land. Before an after the Roman invasion.

[@fotograf736]

@@kevcaratacus9428 You are totally right. But Braveheart style revolt against the strongest(?) empire is a more selling story than "Romans and Britons got along just fine", which WAS the case on many occasions. By the way thank you for mentioning this, I didn't know of Cartimandaue.

[@antoniotorcoli5740]

@@kevcaratacus9428 the thing is that Prasutagus wrote a will, according to which his reign should be divided among the Roman State , his wife and his daughters. Since women could not inherit according roman law, the dispositions concerning Boudicca and her daughters were considered null and void . The will was nevertheless still valid , but the only legitimate heir, according romam law, was the Roman State. Cartimandua ' s husband never wrote a similar will and she could stay in power since her position as Queen had been inherited without conflict with Roman Law.

[@kevcaratacus9428]

@@antoniotorcoli5740 so because queen cartimandaue didn't sign anything the Romans let her keep her lands and throne. Even though it goes against Roman law ( allowing women ) But because prasutagus made a will ( if he did) the Romans wouldn't recognise his queen as ruler and landowner. Surely the Roman law allows women landowners or doesn't It doesn't make sense to allow one bit not another due to a will. In an era where people died from toothache ( infection) Or infections from small cuts and other minor thinks There must've been other queens whos husbands died . Who weren't treated like 'Boudica ' it wasn't just her the Iceni were treated like scum before prasutagus died. No other tribes were treated like that. So there must be more to the story . Because the woman landowner thing doesn't work Not unless it's the same for them all . But as we know cartimandaue remained queen .

[@runningwildttv3648]

Thats why you dont fight with a grudge or for revenge but with with knowledge and reserve.

[@jimmielundqvist4710]

Awsome

[@TheSurrealWolf]

That was awesome! Have you got another video on the Ninth Legion and why they were famous?

[@roywhitworth]

They mysteriously disappeared from all historical record. They where the most celebrated Legion in the Empire but they came to Britannia and suddenly where never mentioned ever again in all Roman history. It’s a mystery

[@patrickgoldsmith4407]

I lived in St. Albans 1971-72. there were mixed emotions about Boudica...Somehow history remains in the blood like a memory of your own life...or at least grudges do?!

[@Silvanafromchester]

@patrickgoldsmith. Those not supportive of Boudicca must be of Roman descent then. She was no doubt a great British heroine and what we need more of today in order to preserve British culture.

[@sgfitnessuk413]

What? Mixed emotions ? About a woman that lived thousands of years ago ?

[@kevcaratacus9428]

I still love in stalbans and worked for the museim archaeology dept. Most people don't care about boudicca, she did very little damage and killed nobody The city was empty . The people who ate interested in history talk more about Caesar destroying our local tribe ( which didn't happen) They chased him out of Britain

[@nanashi7779]

@@Silvanafromchester what exactly is 'British culture'?

[@tigerland4328]

​@@nanashi7779in this context it would be the Brythonic culture that existed in Britain

[@FreeFallingAir]

"I am descended from mighty men! But I am not fighting for my kingdom and wealth now. I am fighting as an ordinary person for my lost freedom, my bruised body, and my outraged daughters.... Consider how many of you are fighting, and why!"- Queen Boudica Hell hath no fury

[@tonylast9181]

There is no evidence that she said any of that. In fact there is little we know of her and what we do comes from Roman historian Tacitus who was living at that time. Dio came a 100 years later so would not know anything except what he had gleaned from Tacitus

[@als3022]

"Despise the savage uproar, the yells and shouts of undisciplined Barbarians. In that mixed multitude, the women out-number the men. Void of spirit, unprovided with arms, they are not soldiers who come to offer battle; they are bastards, runaways, the refuse of your swords, who have often fled before you, and will again betake themselves to flight when they see the conqueror flaming in the ranks of war. In all engagements it is the valour of a few that turns the fortune of the day. It will be your immortal glory, that with a scanty number you can equal the exploits of a great and powerful army. Keep your ranks; discharge your javelins; rush forward to a close attack; bear down all with your bucklers, and hew a passage with your swords. Pursue the vanquished, and never think of spoil and plunder. Conquer, and victory gives you everything."

[@georgeprchal3924]

And took a huge L.

[@sijul6483]

Hell hath no furry like a woman scorned... Until she meets a man who says today is the day.

[@katherinecollins4685]

Interesting

[@waynemcauliffe-fv5yf]

You didn`t mention the flaxen locks

[@caldrail]

Ooops.... There's no way Cassius Dio could have known what Boudicca said to her people, the two allied tribes, and anybody else tagging along for a fight with the Romans. Like all good Roman writers, he wrote that speech himself. And her death? Suicide was a standard dramatic end to a defeated leader. It might be true, but then, it might not.....

[@lw3646]

He wrote she died of illness, Tacitus wrote it was suicide. I wouldn't be surprised though if she fell on her sword rather than being enslaved.

[@sawahtb]

Not unlike 1066 when Harold II could have held back and waited out the forces of William I to run out of food and water, instead of trying to immediately confront them. Sooner or later the Romans stuck in that field, would have run out of provisions. But keeping everyone patient and not assuming you are more powerful doesn't seem to be how these groups think.

[@Kamamura2]

Starving out the attacking army was not possible, because armies of the time were used to "living off the land" - in other words, pillaging and sometimes razing villages of the defender, taking everything they could. That's why the defender often had to meet the attacker in battle, because if they let all they villages and fields be razed, they would starve during the winter anyway - not to mention their own people would keep asking why their ruler does nothing to protect them. The only nation who was able to effectively starve invaders was Russia - and they had to torch their own capital to do so.

[@bengunn3698]

@@Kamamura2 But the Romans would have had to send out scavenging parties looking for food , could easily have been picked off . Boudicca blew it by attacking full frontal . Probably got too confident . I like the bit where he says British leaders /collaborators were paid off by the Romans , does that sound like Westminster and its Globalist masters ? No Boudicca coming to the rescue now .

[@mqblues]

Recommend reading "Imperial Governor" by George Shipway. A historical novel written as a memoir of Roman Governor Suetonius Paulinus. Reads like an after-action battle report. Well written and graphic.

[@panaglaw]

Is the music authentic Roman?

[@Nastyswimmer]

2:36: Iceni - pronounced "i - KE - ni", not "eye - SEE - ni"

[@aarons6935]

They're not pronouncing classical latin names correctly either, who cares.

[@MM-fv1pi]

In our version of Turkic, bood means prosperous, victor, felicit, haunch... And KA is a name making suffix.

[@joek600]

🤣🤣🤣🤣

[@teiloturner2760]

Isn't Ankara a celtic name?

[@joek600]

@@teiloturner2760 No, its Greek and means Ankhor, the Turks did not built ONE city in Asia Minor

[@teiloturner2760]

@@joek600 well I know that's around where they lived from several hundred BC as well as other places tyere i think

[@joek600]

@@teiloturner2760 You are right, there were Celts living there after a massive migration. But the name of the region is Greek. In fact in the New Testament the letter to Galatians, refers exactly to these Celts. The Greeks called them Galates cause their skin was white as milk ''Gala'' (aka Gala-xy)

[@kingbee1971]

Seneca calling back his loan (all at once) makes me wonder how the Stoic justified his actions after news of the pillage and Boadice's bloody response got back to Rome.

[@mikewilson4847]

Unmissable

[@Jubilo1]

Boadicea est !

[@suffern63]

She'll always be Boadicea for me

[@alisonalder7317]

Just what I was thinking, and scrolling to see if others said thought so too.

[@junecaffyn357]

Oh, me too, my teacher at Juniors said it was Boadicea but then my own children said their teachers said it was Boudicca!

[@teiloturner2760]

In my my school it was Buddug

[@suffern63]

@@teiloturner2760 I never heard that one before,mind you,I'm not Welsh.I also have problems with Mumbai and a lot of other cities around the world,problems remembering not with the changes.

[@teiloturner2760]

@@suffern63 yeah you guessed it I'm Welsh. It was the name of a school house. You can call Mumbai Bombay

[@MrIrrepressible]

Why are u not looking at the camera when talking?

[@wildandbarefoot]

"Crucifixion?.... Line on the left, one cross each". Viciousness was par for the course. Should she have handed out asbos?

[@sar4806]

Cue Hurdy Gurdy Man

[@pauls3204]

And magic mushrooms

[@AtabekZingi]

Inhabitants of England at that time were Celts. I wonder why you call them British? After the disengagement of the Romans, waves of Saxons, Angles and Jutes took over. Later a layer of Danes were added to the pot. I know romans changed the name of the island from Albion to Britannia, but calling those people British is historically incorrect because nobody called them that at the time.

[@kimmccabe1422]

Go girl!

[@ianmay8003]

My favourite early Briton

[@kevcaratacus9428]

She was an allow of Rome The Iceni didn't fight the Romans with other tribes like they should've when they invaded in 42 . They stayed home , & only kicked off 18 years later.

[@dnmurphy48]

Cassius dio makes Boudicca sound like Glenda Jackson - a formidable woman. It's unlikely Boudicca had 80,000 soldiers, 10,000 to 30,000 max. The population was not that large and the norfolk population was a small fraction of the overall British population.

[@fotograf736]

Certainly not unheard of for historians to exaggerate. Fortunately modern historians use mathematical models that predict how many troops can be supplied in a given setting, always resulting in a much smaller number. Remember the British also had many non-combatants with them. Still, I wouldn't doubt that Romans were vastly outnumbered.

[@lw3646]

He said the size was between 125,000 to 250,000.

[@sijul6483]

​@@lw3646 yeah? And many thousands of them were not combatants.

[@SirKnight1096]

The term is wreaked havoc and things were in Boudicca's husband's name because the Romans didn't recognize women being in control. The Iceni culture was matriarchal. The women of high station had Shield-Bearers". They had contests were men fought for the right of courtship of women. Boudicca didn't magically get men to follow her. She held authority already.

[@lusolad]

Can you tell me where you got the information for her group being matriarchal?

[@rkc906]

From seperate sources it seems that the Celtic culture was about equality

[@iainrendle7989]

One problem with this comment. It started off with 'the king' dying and he made a will naming his daughters and the emperor as beneficeries. If it was matriarchal then the succession etc would not come from the king and not have been an issue and allow the romans to act in the way that they did. Women were equal in Celtic society and there are many commentaries of the existance and ferociety of the female warriors.....read Julius Caesar's records of the Gaelic campaign. There are various references to female leaders of warrior bands, so someone of her reputation as a warrior and leader etc would have no problem following a woman. Also remember that the loans to be paid back were from all those that accepted them.....therefore rebellion was a better option than poverty.....therefore joining the Iceni was a good choice if they won

[@Mecha82]

@@rkc906Very much like Norse long after them then.

[@luigi2396]

⁠​⁠​⁠@@iainrendle7989that’s not true about woman being equal in the Celtic society. While they had more freedom to do other things depending on the region and culture all Celts were not the same. Celt’s were any where from Anatolia to Ireland which is a huge area. So to generalize is a mistake.

[@ChrisJensen-se9rj]

Not only was the revolt doomed to ultimate failure, the Iceni did not have the support of all of " tribal" Britain. Many of these tribes were not only prosperous, but had been " Romanized" to such a degree that their loyalty was not something they simply gave up for a " flash in the pan" like the Iceni Revolt. You can see the lack of discipline and training from the results of " Watling Street"where an outnumbered Roman contingent, by staying together, out fought are far more numerous but infinitely less trained and disciplined opposition. The Iceni had very little to offer such " Romanized" Brit tribes except a natural dominance that certainly would not have been popular with the already " Romanized" aristocracy. And yes, the Iceni and Boudicca herself were once part of this. The Iceni had nothing to offer except their own dominance.

[@Swindondruid2]

11:22 a starge re-writing of history here. But a good video overall.

[@vario2664]

A better question: Why was she and her people so easily obliterated by the Romans?

[@matildamartin2811]

The same way that we are about to be obliterated now, by being too laid back and stupid. We need a modern day Boudicca as we don’t seem to have a strong enough man.

[@vario2664]

"A modern day Boudica?" -- HAHAHA....You mean a modern day guarantee of complete failure? HAHAHAHA....ANY man in charge there would have done better since you can't do worse than total annihilation. @@matildamartin2811

[@lesmartin8131]

They were Celts ? Had they been Anglo Saxons the Italian tourists would've been sent packing

[@pchurchill]

I was also puzzled .. Thoughts : a) Romans wrote the history so it js probably skew! b) Romans had extensive artilllery, . . constantly raining the enemy with projectiles..

[@vario2664]

Actually, the Roman historians were surprisingly objective for the time, as forensic analysis and independent sources have generally collaborated the accounts. The fact is this Boudica was a dreadful failure. She had to have been aware of Roman capabilities yet directed her people into a veritable buzz saw, exhibiting no strategic ability by creating a barrier of wagons, children and women behind her attackers so an escape was close to impossible. Suitonius was relieved of his command by Nero. If he were given free reign with adequate resources he would have likely destroyed the entire region. A bunch of baloney is made of her because of her gender. @@pchurchill

[@Vanadisir]

Rest in peace to all those ancient Britons who fought for freedom from rome. We have not forgotten.

[@hellskitchen10036]

England fell into the dark ages after the Romans left.

[@MW_Asura]

"Freedom" from Rome

[@Vanadisir]

Were they fighting to stay enslaved to rome? @@MW_Asura

[@youtubeyoutube936]

Vans sir they also fought against the Saxons angles etc a lot has changed in 2000 years

[@Vanadisir]

And I am free to think and feel about historical events in any way I please. This documentary is not about the struggle against the saxons. Why does my opinion affect you so much? Do you want to know my feelings on all the worlds historical events? I've never felt so important

[@josephgratzer]

I just watched a documentary about Manikarnika Queen of Jansi (India revolt against British) which is similar to Boudica.

[@Dpw20001]

She showed the same spirit churchill had when going up against the nazis even before England was England!!

[@Darkdevil2011]

Nice that FGO most prominent mom gets an episode.

[@privatesmith1560]

That lady "expert" has no clue - leaving 50% to the Romans was not a voluntary move by a client king but understood to happen automatically at death of the initially by Rome subdued Client King. The Roman strategy was a "softer" assimilation, which in 2 to 3 generations dissolved client kingdoms but left the royal family enough land to remain wealthy and by romanisation stay part of the elite. As important, Cassius Dio is a much less reliable source as Tacitus because Dio was a "creative historian". It should be obvious that the so called speech of Boudicca is pure fiction. No Roman was present at the time in Iceni land and It is certain that Boudicca had very little knowledge about Rome proper and almost none about Nero. Dio simply let her be a mouthpiece of his thoughts about Nero and Roman provincial governance.

[@Fienelou]

But isn't that just what she's saying? That Dio wrote that nice rhetoric piece and "Puts it in her mouth"?

[@garlicgorilla6540]

Maybe European history is new to her?

[@privatesmith1560]

Then she should first study the subject of the Roman conquest and then make her video, no? That means reading 1 - 2 bòoks naturally.

[@garlicgorilla6540]

@@privatesmith1560 well yes, but she got the gig because of tick boxing reasons not merit

[@80srenaissance67]

​@@garlicgorilla6540dat's wacist

[@lordeden2732]

Lesson from the revolt, Never upset a Norfolk gal.

[@kevcaratacus9428]

Norfolk gal and her tribe stayed at home when Romans invaded Britain. She and her people made a deal with Rome. Promising they would stay on their land and not fight.. Then 18 years after the invasion shit hits the fan& she finds out she shouldn't have trusted the Romans. Silly woman..

[@helvidius5764]

Anyone know if that Boudica Queen of War movie worth renting?

[@gwinniboots]

She was a true heroine who stood up to the might of the Roman Empire. We must always follow her example against tyranny.

[@kevcaratacus9428]

What makes you say she was a heroine who stood up to the Romans. Surely standing up to an enemy means fighting against them when they're invading Hoping to defeat & prevent a foreign regime from ruling.? She, the Iceni only rebelled 18 years after the invasion. Before the invasion they made a deal with the Romans agreeing to stay at home and not join the other Celts in fighting them. The Romans didn't keep to the deal & abused her That's called retaliation, That's not defiance .. Or heroic. They were traitors to the other Celts to the people on the island.

[@88freeziepop]

@@kevcaratacus9428 The more I learn about her the more I dislike her.

[@kevcaratacus9428]

@@88freeziepop I felt exactly the same, . Historians make her into sonething that she wasn't.

[@88freeziepop]

@@kevcaratacus9428 Seems to be part of the feminist agenda to make heroes out of below average women. I could be wrong though.

[@zumurudlilit]

No. She was a monster. Nothing better than Romans. Maybe worse.

[@jaydentate6080]

We want reparations from Italy

[@hellskitchen10036]

LOL !!!

[@joey1317]

As an Italian, I give you one penny reparation.

[@elias1982greekb]

After 2000 years.... Only BLM are that low Not white civilization 🇪🇺🇬🇷🏛️☦️🙏👋👋

[@MikeGreenwood51]

Romans should not be mistaken for Italians as far as I know. Romans were from Rome and formaly from Greece (Rommelus & Remus). The sacked, attacked, killed the locals around their village they called Rome and domiated others subjecting them to subserviance. Rome then expanded.

[@MikeGreenwood51]

@@joey1317 That is likly all you can afford after the Northern Tribes sweept in to Rome and took some reparations with out asking. But my guess is you yourself are not a Julio-Claudian Roman so like with other Italians they were not responsible. But had you or other Italians had the same or similar asprirations to dominate, subjugate using murder as your means of persuasions as did The Fasist Musselini when he attacked Abysinnia with Julio-Clausian type ideas of a revival of the tyranny of Empire of the scale of the former Rome. Then Versuvius and all those Vocanoes may become a lesser fear of the tyrants and Italy could end up having more of a revival of 1939-1944 than they desired. Remember also. That it was Italians. Or other Romans (The Senate) who ordered Nero out to commit suicide or be exercuted. Same with Musselini. He was Hung by other Italians who did not share the same villianous desires. I hope you live a ling and good life. I have had good tiimes in Northern Piedmont Regioni in Itally. Found some good people there.

[@user-fo5gk9ir7n]

The movie "Viking Queen" is about Boudica. "Resistance is NOT futile."

[@bunzeebear2973]

I heard it was different. Boud and her tribe fought a guerilla style of warfare from the forests onto thin lines of Romans This did not allow the Romans to set up their style of fighting. Boudi was not a general so did not know why they were winning. So at the final battle they met the Romans head on and that is where the Romans won. This guerilla style was repeated by the Germans many years later in Germania. Slaughtered many Romans because they were out of formation One did not know of the other.

[@chantelleprince6652]

She crucified people? Come on: that was Roman culture, not Ancient Brits nor any Celts! History is written by the conquerors and propaganda is ancient. She was cruel to those who got in the way, yes but mostly against Rome's supporters. She fought back against the sadistic, greedy, brutal and extremely prejudiced Romans: thank you for your service. Boudiccea.

[@kingkwon8002]

Crucifixion came from Persia. The Romans learned it from them and Boudicca learned it from the Romans. Simple.

[@SassyyjuicyMaria]

They erected a statue of her in the very city the razed to the ground... Weird fact if there is one

[@rockykrass7079]

in ancient times, only the Illyrian tribes had Queens like Teuta and Boudica, both together as sisters had a Roman enemy.

[@Radrook353]

That was a volley of 20,000 spears.

[@JETWTF]

The pilum was not used to kill and there were not two sizes of them, they were designed to make shields useless, a kill is good but not the primary purpose. A pilum is a barbed metal rod on the end of a wooden shaft, the rod penetrates the shield, the barb makes it too difficult to remove during combat, and the wooden shaft hangs down to the ground. Moving forward with a pilum in your shield is asking to drive it into you and therefor you have to drop your shield, and all enemies of Rome used shields including the Brits. Without every soldier using a shield you cannot form a proper defensive line making your formations highly vulnerable giving a huge advantage to the Romans. The host clearly doesn't know that and misrepresented them as some sort of javelin while romanticizing the Roman legions.

[@daemonharper3928]

When throwing pilum they were aiming at people primarily. The added bonus and genius was designing them to stick in shields if they missed the enemy. You do not aim at shields with a penetrating weapon if the opportunity to hit a person directly is available.....it is not at all logical, militarily, to suggest otherwise. But like all these things, it's great to debate and have different opinions.

[@cop5144]

​@@daemonharper3928you're both just speaking out your ass, especially the second guy. We know literally nothing about how exactly Romans fought. They didn't record it because they didn't see the need as it was considered common shared knowledge. We know they had certain formations, and multiple lines of troops, but the details? We have zero idea. What makes it more interesting is that they beat the other powers of the world, who had discovered spears as the superior weapon of warfare, and they did it with shortswords. Most likely we assume that the pilum was used to disable shields and break solid defensive lines. No one in ancient warfare was charging full spirit at your enemy, you advanced behind your shield. You did not, and could not, aim at the person behind it. Beyond this, we consider most formations to actually be static formations, this is why the plum was thrown from only 20-30 feet. We know that most of these formations were static as the accounts from the battles of Alexander we still held in revenue at these times where he won entire battles just by making his soldiers most three steps left the three steps right in formation. A feat that could not be rivalled by levy armies, and showed the incredible coordination and training of his soldiers. Most probably is that the Romans used the pilum to throw at static defensive formation until the line broke enough to advance.

[@JETWTF]

@@daemonharper3928 I never said anything about aiming. If you want to go that route then they aimed at the enemy. If their shield was up then that's the target, shields are down then the soldier was the target. Either way the target is the same, the enemy target inside the reach of a thrown pilum. Understanding historical melee combat for the time period has both sides with shields at the ready. They did formations with the shields presented as a shield wall because of arrows, spears, and javelins.. all of which are stone age weapons while the Romans were at the end of the iron age when they started using pilum's.

[@JETWTF]

@@cop5144 If you observe the design of a pilum it says what it was made for. The Greek javelin or earlier stone age javelin and throwing spear was clearly meant for penetrating flesh when thrown, the Greek versions of them during the bronze age were far superior for that task than a pilum. The Romans would choose a clunky javelin/throwing spear design that has far less range than a stone age man would? No they wouldn't. A pilum is a wood shaft with squared cut ends, one end has a metal rod inserted into it. The metal rod has a barb hook or ends in a pyramid shape. Metal rod and pointy end are plenty long enough to fatally penetrate a human through a shield if the wood shaft contacts the ground and shield while said human is moving forward. A pilum is a shit version of a javelin. Not a good throwing spear, not even a good melee spear... metal rod length says penetrate human through shield distance perfection. Wood shaft shape says not meant for distance but perfection for gravity bringing the end of the shaft to the ground. Combined they say perfect for penetrating shields and taking them out of the equation as well as getting a few enemy kills in. Tactics on use? Nothing I covered in my original post is about tactics. I am not a 2k year old Roman soldier so I have no idea on their tactics. I can look at one of their weapons and see it's use though. Use and tactics... not the same. But you are the expert on tactics, so you are over 2k years old. I have one question, how the F do you have a birthday cake capable of having 2k+ candles? Blowing them out you must have bigger lungs than Superman.

[@cop5144]

@@JETWTF you truly have a peanut sized brain.

[@Alasdair37448]

Im sorry but under no circumstances can the roman general who ordered the rape of Boudica's daughters be called a protagonist.

[@Colonel_Blimp]

The Procurator was not a general. He was the senior financial official in the province, acting on behalf of financial interests in Rome.

[@venomshadowzzz2556]

I like the camera angles ngl

[@davebarrowcliffe1289]

Why depict her wielding a sword? She's highly unlikely to have engaged in actual combat herself.