David Patterson: Computer Architecture and Data Storage | Lex Fridman Podcast

[@lexfridman]

I really enjoyed this conversation with David. Here's the outline: 0:00 - Introduction 3:28 - How have computers changed? 4:22 - What's inside a computer? 10:02 - Layers of abstraction 13:05 - RISC vs CISC computer architectures 28:18 - Designing a good instruction set is an art 31:46 - Measures of performance 36:02 - RISC instruction set 39:39 - RISC-V open standard instruction set architecture 51:12 - Why do ARM implementations vary? 52:57 - Simple is beautiful in instruction set design 58:09 - How machine learning changed computers 1:08:18 - Machine learning benchmarks 1:16:30 - Quantum computing 1:19:41 - Moore's law 1:28:22 - RAID data storage 1:36:53 - Teaching 1:40:59 - Wrestling 1:45:26 - Meaning of life

[@hichammaarroufi7946]

pls text subtitle??

[@marcin774]

Lex, (I hope I'm wrong here) please, stop feeling dumb! So many times I hear you prefixing your questions with "it might be dumb intuition". I respect you are humble, I understand you are not sure if what you're asking makes sense, but please consider, 9/10 of your questions are on the spot, they bring the best of the knowledge from your genious-level-expert guests! These genious-level-experts agreed to come to your show and that means they believe you are high-level host, and the space they're coming into is a space where they can talk with someone who's general comprehension is not far from their own! Maybe you think your guests will cut you some slack if you'll say "watch out for my maybe dumb question", but all it really does is making me and your guests cringe. Check out the conversation with Andrea Morello on EEVdiscover channel - the host asked sooo many silly or 'misformulated' questions and he hasn't said a thing - no apologies, no prefixes and nothing tragic really happened - the guest was able to stay on track by simply prefixing his answer with e.g. "it doesn't really work like this"; it was very natural. Cut yourself some slack, you have Beautiful mind Lex, never forget about that!

[@bennthirteen3701]

Thank you for sectioning.

[@Mr_i_o]

Teaching is the one thing we can share with someone and not lose something ourselves*

[@wentaoqiu4072]

I am constantly amazed how these brilliant people are always humble, and willing to explain and capable of explaining things really well in such simple terms.

[@cheponis]

This is the definition of brilliance. Those that complexify? NOT brilliant, no matter how many big words they use. At least for a quick rule-of-thumb.

[@joey199412]

@@hans7701 Jim Keller lol

[@vertonical]

@@joey199412 Is Jim Keller a know-it-all asshole?

[@davidwalz3317]

Same. I think it boils down to the more you learn, the less you know. Because for every question you answer, more questions comes up.

[@microcolonel]

For what it's worth, Lex seems to ask the questions of somebody with very little knowledge of the domain; so the style of answers is suited to the style of question.

[@minhuang8848]

I like how this time around, it's not Lex digging deeper or asking for a high-level explanation for beginners; David just openly offers the most basic yet pertinent explanations. Dude knows how to teach!

[@emrazum]

Still can't believe that content at this depth is available for free on KZbin

[@halinalane1426]

Same sentiment mate. I usually comment a thank you to the podcaster as I can't afford anymore University fees and I'm also disabled. Dr Brian Keating is good for his gentle ways and also the grace he has in losing the Nobel peace prize. And I adore Roger Penrose and Noam Chomsky. Thank you Lex!! I wait for my favourite question every podcast - "What is the most beautiful ... (Insert relevant field) ever to you"? That's a beautiful thing to ask.

[@halinalane1426]

And Eric bad ass Weinstein too. *Portal appears*

[@nickandersonco]

I totally agree. I think in the long term these videos will become a really good record of our times. Something they show in classes.

[@cobbdouglas690]

So so awesome.

[@nothinhappened]

Its amazing how we 'cant believe' what should be normal!

[@runvnc208]

Not sure I have ever seen a more clear, concise explanation of these core topics before. You can tell he has been teaching computer science for a long time and knows how to explain it.

[@Crazylalalalala]

I love this podcast, most of the guest are titans of the modern world. Without many of these guest including Mr Patterson, our lives would have been significantly different and we all getting a piece of their mind. The down side is a feel like an idiot in comparison. But this is mindbogglingly awesome.

[@robertcrane1341]

Candidate for a first RISC processor: In 1961 Lowell Amdahl (Gene's brother) at UCLA designed the instruction set for the AN/UYK-1computer which had to fit thru hatch of submarine (for use in Transit Satellite Navigation Sytem). Because of this limitation and the size of transistors back then, the instruction set had only an add, complement, shift and test high bit and load and store instructions. It had two registers in the arithmetic unit which could be shifted as one. Memory was ferite core. All instructions took a single clock cycle except for indirect load and indirect store. The first layer supporting the positional fix program consisted of routines to multiply, divide, subtract, add, conditional branch with integers and floating point. My first job as a programmer was to write those routines, which Amdahl called "lograms" for "logical programs". The assembler produced a list lograms and argument addresses. The instruction set had two operations that could, within limits, be performed in the same clock cycle - such as load one register while complementing the other. The positional fix system was never consistently accurate for a number of reasons unrelated computer itself. Love all of your interviews Lex. Keep it going.

[@rutayanx]

The quality of podcast guests is amazing! Thanks @lex Fridman. Still unbelievable(and amazing) that these podcasts allow us to listen to these people engaging in 1:1 conversations.

[@Ibanezarus]

I feel like this episode has many great moments that someone could put animation to for educational clips or something...

[@oliverschubert8242]

That’s you

[@StarF0xPrime]

Just when I'm writing my last assignment for MIPS Computer Systems and Architecture course, you put this up... Lex, you are a Rockstar!!

[@halinalane1426]

Nice! Congratulations mate. Go create and innovate.

[@StarF0xPrime]

Halina Lane Thanks :)

[@SpenserFL]

Lex is truly one of the great people of our time. Thank you for exposing so many fascinating and impactful people to the world at large.

[@TheLastWizardOfTheCentury-u7o]

Thank you. I have read his book on computer architecture before I started an internship at ARM last year. Loved it.

[@cortexauth4094]

How did you go reading about it? Some people say it's too much reference and don't read. But at same time I quite like it from how much I read

[@anthnyalxndr]

Thanks!

[@Arcticwhir]

Wow hes 72, looks really healthy and still seems intellectually sharp.

[@dewdop]

Direct relationship between health and education

[@alexjohnson5677]

@@dewdop Do you have references to studies? Genuinely asking, would make interesting machine learning data

[@NinjaofApathy]

@@dewdop I'd guess that would be correlative to discipline needed for both a healthy lifestyle and this tier of education/work.

[@dewdop]

@@NinjaofApathy Interesting conjecture, maybe!

[@dewdop]

@@alexjohnson5677 Sorry, nothing on hand, but you might be able to find something online.

[@joech1065]

Wow, Lex, your interviews are next level great and I love the guests you have. You are starting to get quite a collection here. This is like JRE 8.0 for engineers and people in STEM.

[@m3hdim3hdi]

Now we need John Hennessey in the podcast

[@magellanicspaceclouds]

I love computer architecture! Thank you Lex. More on this topic and VLSI design please!

[@_-6912]

Hi Lex, it’s my humble request to you to keep working on such podcasts on technology. I am learning and gathering ideas through your podcasts which I never had in my life.

[@ghastlytco554]

It's so beautiful to me how such complexity can be brought about through simple but repeated and increasing abstracted instructions. The entire time I was listening I couldn't help but think how this mirrors the simplicity and complexity of DNA instructions.

[@gulllars4620]

Great inteview. David Patterson has worked on and been involved with a lot of amazing stuff. He's a good mix of a visionary and a good engineering craftsman. I guess that's some keys to working in computer architecture.

[@krish2nasa]

Awesome! I thoroughly enjoyed the podcast. John Hennessy next? Thank you very much.

[@ilmarinen79]

I'm in the process of revisiting his book with Hennessy (not the one shown) and this popped up! So cool! I love seeing and hearing about these great people from the flesh interface. Thank you Lex & David!

[@elidwor1856]

What a joy, seems like a good conversation for beginners to tap into as well!

[@bit_banger]

Since 2020, Lex has grown exponentially in the podcasting space with interviews of more popular figures. Although this interview is less popular and interests a more niche crowd, I think it is one of, if not the greatest, podcasts on the channel. With David's expertise and knowledge, I think this podcast will be a much more prolific history snippet for future generations of computer engineers who read Patterson & Hennessy great textbooks.

[@gra6282]

Not only does this man have a great mind, he has a great heart as well. Great interview.

[@wentaoqiu4072]

"I was wrong, you are right, I love you." LOL

[@stanislavkunc8732]

Thank you Lex and David. This was fantastic. Now I feel like an addict, I need more podcasts like this one :-)

[@honza_kriz_bass]

This was brilliant! Thank you for doing these interviews, Lex. Sincerely.

[@Filaxsan]

He's really number one. Thanks for the interview Lex!

[@ip2design]

A real pleasure to listen to again and again. So clear and educational

[@junnuravikumar]

I kept referring to the book of M Morris Mano on Computer Architecture during this podcast. there is so much to add-in Computer Architecture.

[@sergioviannadorio596]

Thanks Lex! This is by far the best interview from your podcast. You and Mr. Paterson had a very intelligent and entertaining conversation. It takes two to dance Tango.

[@luclessard5400]

What an excellent interview! Thank you Lex.

[@sunsunsunh]

Thank you for such a great interview

[@Paul-fn2wb]

Thanks Lex and David. That was a great conversation.

[@SirCharcoal]

Amazing to get glimpses at these individuals. Lex, you are amazing for bringing this content to the world!

[@luckysneph7196]

Just stumbled across this channel. This podcast is going to be my life for a while hahah

[@nunolopes3910]

This was an amazing interview! It's great to hear from such a knoledgeable guest to get some more insight on this interesting topics!

[@zanyarzohourian9398]

Thank you so much for your wonderful podcast Lex

[@frederikholfeld868]

excellent podcast! lots of specific information about the guest's area of expertise with some personal stuff and life lessons towards the end, how it should be. thanks!

[@jake-TO]

Great podcast, you're doing great Lex! Thanks for all the content

[@eyeofthetiger7]

Perfect timing with Apple moving their Macs to ARM, which is RISC. And Microsoft showed their strong intent to move the surface lineup to ARM with their partnership with Qualcomm. Intel is in trouble.

[@MatthewJohnson-bx2pd]

The cloud is going to F them (INTC).

[@SamuelHauptmannvanDam]

Yea it's super strange. And No one seems to really talk about it, because I don't think people really understand how the industry works. Like including me. I have no idea what Intel is doing or why everyone is moving away.

[@joech1065]

Meanwhile, for x86-64, AMD is totally owning Intel in PC and workstation market. Currently, it doesn't make sense to buy Intel even if you are on x86. Based on what I heard, Intel became a typical corporate toxic environment (people trying to climb the corporate ladder using corporate politics, managers who only know their management skill and not enough about the domain, so they parasitize on engineers who are actually making shit, without adding much value, yet they are payed more and take all the credit). Hell, even Jim Keller left Intel after just 2 years of being there.

[@WandererOfWorlds0]

And AMD is ripping them a new one. I'm amazed that Intel's stock hasn't tanked so far.

[@avatarion]

It's not necessarily because ARM is more powerful for the end user. Apple wants complete control of their ecosystem.

[@HopDubstep]

One of my favorites, what a great guy to listen to in more ways than one.

[@soonshin-sam-kwon]

great pleasure to watch this wonderful interview!

[@MrJoao6697]

Notice how happy he got when they talked about wrestling.. After such a great career, it's the smaller things that really seem to make him happy. Really makes you think about life.

[@_-6912]

Hi Lex, your videos are bringing a new perspective in my life towards technology. Please continue the hard and good work.

[@ottofrank3445]

Thanks for inviting captain Picard!

[@maxtroy]

Engage .. ing!

[@madcatattack1]

Beautiful explanations! I've enjoyed listening to this very much. Thank you. Both of you.

[@YvanDaSilva]

YES the man ! RISC-V Awesome interview !!!

[@softwareengineering6527]

Thanks Alex for this amazing podcasts, I have a request if you could put books suggested by your guest in the description as well. Thanks a lot!

[@PrabhatKumar-fn4vy]

This podcast is absolute gold

[@satchelfrost6531]

Would it be possible for you to interview Ken Thompson? Not sure if that's too crazy of a request, but it would be epic. Love what you're doing as always.

[@101constexpr]

Thanks Lex for this video. It is worth a lot of money :)

[@andrewcawley8489]

Hard hitters braddah, 104 and going strong, mahalo!

[@raksss000]

Thank you , Lex . Great conversation.

[@krasimirzlatev4843]

Brilliant people, very interesting topics on Lex channel.

[@owaisgul]

Great job! lex. David is indeed one of the genius. Amazing explainer of difficult concepts. The recent advancement in Ai owe this to computation genuises. Like David. ❤

[@gerritelenbaas4817]

excellent video - the guest was great!

[@tylergunter2341]

Once again...my boy Lex throws down a fire interview

[@jp2kk2]

Although I already had a general understanding of the topic, an online course that helped me much better understand all of this is nand2tetris, definitely recommend it!

[@dewdop]

Cool title

[@jurrasicgrant2307]

He is a genius in his field but still so humble.

[@tvykz]

2 hours of my life well spent

[@sirdjorgostarcopper8735]

Lex is almost at 500k subs Cmon guys lets get him to 1mil

[@olympicgardencrafts]

1:26:50 Thank you! I am a computer technician in the field and the rubber meeting the road on this is devices being released with inefficient software (developers assuming the hardware is getting better). One of the worst offenders is microsoft, releasing some PCs without the hardware features to support their seemingly endless software suite!

[@kevinrichard86]

Another fun point: It's an ARM-based system that sits atop the Top500 list right now (Japanese Fugaku top500.org/system/179807/ ) which is a welcome departure from the recent trend of these gigantic systems being dominated by GPU compute nodes.

[@mrantssfpv]

Love this podcast. One of the tops imo.

[@bigbronx]

What a great interview! Very interesting. Thank you Lex, thank you David.

[@AmCanTech]

Thank you so much! Reading his book on MIPS

[@HomeDesign_Austin]

great on the basics, please do more tech videos like this

[@thederp6505]

1:27:46 he had me all the way up to this point lol... then my brain exploded.

[@khronos142]

Another great one from the Legendary Lex

[@foodsel]

Great talk! The role of benchmarks in advancing technology is inspiring; improving on equal terms with competitors; which, if said benchmarks are fair/agreed upon, means real improvement. Refinement of what equals performance over time (with new use-cases and concepts) should be able to keep these markers healthy.

[@TheRealStructurer]

My first real job was for HP and I remember the buzz when the new machines with RISC architecture was introduced. Yes I'm that old 😉 Great discussion guys

[@martenjustrell446]

Excellent interview. Easy on your top five.

[@anthonymannwexford]

Thank you Lex. Super show.

[@richardnorris9256]

53:25 "Forgive me for writing a long letter, I didn't have time to write a short one" - Oscar Wilde.

[@deebanbabu9647]

Thank you Lex!

[@ChitranjanBaghiofficial]

Walter white never died he just changed occupation from crystals to chip design.

[@Ferocious_Imbecile]

OK this one did it; I finally subscribed.

[@SKARTHIKSELVAN]

Thanks for your great podcast.

[@ninadsachania3652]

Great episode as always Lex. Any chance of doing one of these with Gerry Sussman?

[@visavou]

thank you again lex for doing this!!

[@danielfiori]

Amazing episode Lex

[@puneetsingh70]

On teaching - at my alum (IITK), one of the professors would talk about a PhD student (Shirish) taking an exam in the faculty room: "he is done answering the questions, now he is asking questions"!

[@rrr00bb1]

I'd like a DSP instruction set to let AXEFXIII-like functionality in normal PC recording studios. DSP is similar to machine learning; vector instructions.

[@SteveGietz]

Every time this pops into my feed, I think Lex is interviewing Patrick Stewart

[@MrHaggyy]

Would be nice if you add a link to the books you recommend.

[@ISeVeNsI]

Love your podcast!

[@pooyafitness]

I enjoyed watching this episode.

[@almaktab.podcast]

Thank you for this podcast with Mr white.

[@claytonsurgeon]

Great episode

[@heyprotagonist]

Compute is Compute no matter what the reason is... It's all boils down to who does it and who you the developer and consumer wants to do it..! From general aspect for me the cisc scalable and really really good in everything.

[@deeplearningpartnership]

Brilliant. Good job.

[@TheSulross]

the one thing missing in Lex interviews is raising discussion on whether the trends of these technologies are actually good for the human species or negative. This is more so in relation to technological outcomes of AI than most - indeed, perhaps that questioning is actually more pertinent in respect to AI than any other technological endeavor of Mankind

[@0rkk0]

Awesome episode, @Lex Fridman. Pfr Patterson is just a great scientist and a great person. I'm curious though about the book he mentioned at last he read. If you know the title, can you please post it here? Thanks again!

[@verystablegenius4720]

What an inspiration !

[@sidneiiqvia2014]

Excellent interview

[@effoffutube]

Aren't the "accelerators" being added to CPUs keep up with Moore's Law basically a throwback to CISC?

[@DeadsupraEE3]

Does anybody know if anyone in the South Bay area can attend one of this lectures in ECC? I live like 2 blocks away.

[@bakos6625]

Wonderful interview, I wonder if you could make segment pointing out books you recommend that gives the philosophy of programming. Pattersons book seems interesting in that respect