Delta-Sigma Modulator Basics

[@r_jk_d9174]

Finally some good visualization of what is happening and not only showing the block diagram. Thanks for the effort

[@fzigunov]

I'm glad to hear you found it interesting!!

[@fjs1111]

You did excellent with this Fernando.. I've seen TI Videos on Sigma-Delta's and many others, but your waveform representations that move in sync and mention of the 1-bit ADC being a comparator was great

[@tommelamedsnapir9456]

This is an amazing explanation! you explained in 6 minutes what my professor couldn't in 30 minutes. Thank you a lot!

[@noxim_]

Amazingly simple way to explain a fairly non-intuitive circuit. I'm quite new to electronics but the visualization really got the process through to me, better than reading about this at least

[@fzigunov]

I'm happy you found it useful! I'm also not a fan of reading, that's why I made these in the first place!

[@lavruhinaa]

This is a very good and short description of how it works!

[@fzigunov]

I'm happy it was useful to you!

[@ThatJay283]

nice! i used a fully digital implementation of this on a microcontroller. it means i can have a microcontroller be sending an approximation of a floating point value (from a pid controller) to drive a relay, but only switching at the cycle period at most :) in this case switching eventually leads to mechanical wear, so having something that switches less when further from 50% is very nice.

[@ThePapa41]

Great explanation of a complex device, Louis

[@brumm18]

Don't remember, when I hit like on a youtube video the last time. Probably years ago. But this one deserves one.

[@augmentalways9]

Excellent Video and pretty easy and clear to understand the operations of blocks due to visualization!!

[@eddiekvh]

Véio, que video dahora. Brotô pra min aqui do nada 😅. Espero que você continue fazendo mais vídeos.

[@fzigunov]

Legal saber que o impacto chega até no Brasil!! O mundo dá voltas!

[@alexandersamol1358]

Good explanation, but just one note. It will be easy for understanding if the final counter will be signed and bidirectional (up/down counter), so when the analog input is near zero and output of the comparator is "+ - + - + - ...." the output of accumulator is about zero too. I know that it is just a matter of signed and unsigned numbers, but anyway :)

[@horstigerhorstiger3724]

nice, thank you very much. You make it easy to understand and even appreciate the Delta Sigma Converter

[@RyanGoesR4WR]

Inspirational attention to detail in this animation, nice work. I only wish the voltage graphs had a line for where 0V is. Hope you make more videos, this one was really good.

[@fzigunov]

Thank you!! Your comments really inspire me to do more of these =)

[@pizza_t1me]

Thank you for your video! Great visualisation of the time domain, helps a lot!

[@denebvegaaltair1146]

Thank you for the example! I've been looking for something like this!

[@wowfail6835]

Man this animation was incredible, thankyou!

[@380stroker]

So delta-Sigma modulators basically output in DSD (PDM). So it's best to resample your music to DSD in software so the DAC doesn't have to do it internally?

[@xmchen-i6x]

Great explanation and visualization!

[@jankonig2333]

Wow, really cool. I love the real-time signal capture! :) Hope you'l hang on to this form!

[@fzigunov]

Your feedback is much appreciated!!

[@swapniilkanwar8598]

AMAZING visualisation.

[@felixwhise4165]

bro, who is texting me all the time while watching the video? :D jokes aside, thanks for the nice visualization

[@fzigunov]

😂😂😂

[@AsuperMage]

Great thanks for you video. and one advice is that could you point the reference voltage out and the line more thicker which results reading is more easier...

[@DirtyDiscoDancer]

I understand how you got your output and think you did a good job with the visual to explain the process. Interpreting the output itself was not clear to me in your explanation. The extent I heard was that it saves the information in a 6bit format, but I'm not following how the bottom digital signal is representative of a 6 bit signal. What does the circuit look like to reverse the same signal from the converted digital back to an analog signal and does it have better results compared to a traditional adc dac? I'd also recommend ending with a so what/pros and cons on when it would be best to use the Delta sigma adc/dac. How does noise affect the results? How high of a sampling frequency is needed? Etc. Are these considerations unique and/or on the same scale as a traditional adc/dac? Thanks

[@fzigunov]

Thanks for the input, these are really good questions! Converting the bit stream of the output into digital numbers is somewhat straightforward (you just need to sum them and transfer the result to a memory unit every 2^6=64 clock cycles). I'm thinking of making a follow up video on this, but inspiration hasn't struck me the right way for producing a visual explanation to explain the filtering behavior of the converter in the frequency domain. But thanks for commenting, I hope this was at least useful to some extent =)

[@DirtyDiscoDancer]

@@fzigunov ok yeah that is simple. Thanks! What about the reverse to get it back to an analog signal?

[@giewellsabillo9650]

This is an excellent video. If I would criticize anything, you should have included the clock signal too so it would be easier to track, but that's it.

[@L2.Lagrange]

Really awesome description. Great work.

[@halavich9672]

Thanks for the video, it's really nice. Though I didn't get how does integrator work here and why it even needed

[@fzigunov]

That's actually a great question! The integrator filters the high frequency content of the signal, which reduces aliasing effects when sampling the signal. If you didn't have the integrator, the Delta section would be just two comparators in series, and would probably oscillate.

[@taw2005]

As I understand it, the greater the input voltage, the longer time the output of the comparator spends at +5V, so the fewer pulses there will be in a given time and hence the lower the final count will be. If this count is the digital output of the ADC, we have a larger analogue input giving a smaller digital output, which is surely not the case. Is there another logic stage (not shown) which converts the count into the digital output?

[@monisraza181]

This video got you a new subscriber. Amazing work

[@ghayurhussain9185]

great Explaination Can you please tell me how to calculate the value of Sampling and feedback capacitor in 2nd order SD-ADC 2MHz samplig frequency and NFFT is 8192.

[@itmustbemac]

Thanks! Wouldve been nicer is you show how an analog signal was converted to digital bits by this ADC.

[@danielcup549]

Very good explanations, thanks ! :)

[@KirupinKitty]

Beautiful animation, thanks a lot

[@Philip8888888]

The visualization helped me to understand this. Is there also a good way to visualize the same in the frequency domain?

[@anusuyanandi1642]

Really thanks for making this video and sharing your knowledge. But can you please share the simulation platform wher u have done the simulation??

[@Electromowls]

Thanks man. This was very useful.

[@duffbeer5668]

well done animation! helped alot.

[@FedericoPfefferkorn]

Very good your presentation, it is a device more difficult to understand than other DAC or ADC types. It would be very good if you can make other videos explaining each part ..... for example because we need the clock since if the same works ..... you could explain the resulting binary code at the output, how many bits is the information, ... etc Greetings

[@clo7473]

I understand ideal and non-deal op amp and integrating circuit, but I just don't follow this video at all. Aside from the input signal, what are the blue, white and lower yellow signal lines? Do I need to generate three extra signal to process the input voltage?

[@Nightcore1675]

thank you

[@odissey2]

Annoying pops... pop... pop... pop...

[@Alex-to8tg]

I hate the bubble popping sound

[@fzigunov]

I'm sorry 😔

[@mengchuangao4968]

Thanks for sharing

[@KHANZUBEN]

amzing

[@gregdee9085]

Well you're explaining what is happening operationally (this specific form) but not the why or how it does it's actually function of "noise shaping". That being said the theory would be beyond most.

[@debasishtahbildar9603]

More videos please.... Awesome

[@fzigunov]

They're slowly coming as I get time!!!

[@chinmoytahbildar3278]

@@fzigunov Thank you very much for the reply Sir, take your time and do your best

[@yeewilson4314]

this is an amazing animation to let me know the basic of Delta-Sigma modulator, thank you

[@electrobeats8203]

good video but very complicated. Please make one for absolute beginners

[@fzigunov]

I'm sorry it was overwhelming!! I tried my best =]

[@tenkowal]

I think there isn't a shorter and easier way to tell this. If you're not familiar with individual blocks (differential amplifier, integrating circuit, comparator) then you have to catch up with those first, but after that - there isn't a simpler way to explain it

[@electrobeats8203]

@@tenkowal yes so he should have explained all those elements first. The video is called "basics"

[@oleksiishekhovtsov1564]

@@electrobeats8203 Basic for an advanced circuit tutorial. In fact he explained way more than he should have imo It's ok to have prerequisites. For example: If you walk into a class on creative writing your teacher won't explain basic grammar to you, despite it being needed in order to write a coherent text. Similarly, if you take a "basics of complex analysis" course in mathematics you will be expected to know high school algebra, calculus and linear algebra. That doesn't make the course any less "basic". Just like that, certain topics in electrical engineering also have prerequisites. You'll just have to learn them yourself.

[@SchmidtDrums]

Thank you very much for this video. You helped me a great deal for my bachelor thesis!

[@lockdown976]

These pops in your video are a bit too laud. Nevertheless thanks for the content.

[@nl5474]

Someone please tell me where this is applied to? Is it used for audio circuiting? Or modular synths? Or just measuring sound waves?

[@shridharambady2069]

Everywhere for everything. The world is analog, but it's easier to process digitally. This is the in-between. For example, your thermometer. Temperature doesn't come in 1's and 0's, it's an analog real world phenomenon that changes voltage. You can put that voltage through what's shown here, plus some additional processing, and you can display that temperature on a screen. Audio systems use these, anything measuring pressure or weight, light, speed etc.

[@Pawe-mx9wc]

i don't get it

[@fzigunov]

😆

[@mhwong1865]

the content are rice and helpful ,but speaking too fast ,quite difficult to catch with ,especially for those people who are not english native

[@pedramsr1453]

Explanation=0👎

[@ad2181]

The sample frequency must be 100x the high frequency content of the input signal. Its possible to make 2 or more bit version of this. Recover the Sigma Detla data stream into multi bit word. representation