These are not simple constructions !!! These are elegant works of art. You have an amazing sense of decoration!!!
@AttilasWorkshop3 жыл бұрын
Thank you :)
@takeaction-man59714 жыл бұрын
Not only are the builds you post excellent (particularly your table saw blade guard dust collection build) but your music/beats are actually enjoyable, which is a rarity for most videos. I gotta also add that I usually tend to prefer videos that include verbal instructions, but you do a great job documenting and showing enough steps and close ups to visually explain what you're doing. Thank you for posting your videos, please continue to do more, as they are very helpful and much appreciated!
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@Phiz7875 жыл бұрын
Wow, this is one of the cleanest shops I've seen. Very nice desk as well.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@CurtisGauger2 жыл бұрын
Beautiful work. The only thing this desk is missing is a Million dollar PC!
@AttilasWorkshop2 жыл бұрын
Thanks:)
@Linrox5 жыл бұрын
Love the desk, Very beautiful, as good wood always looks great. I also really like the music, not the repetitive music you normally hear on every other video. Thank you a please to watch.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@dmm86585 жыл бұрын
Wonderful workmanship, and a wonderful result. The desk is a thing of beauty, and definitely a joy to behold.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks:)
@SoRaang5 жыл бұрын
Your workshop is so clean. Looks even better than my kitchen...
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Haha:)
@davidduff15774 жыл бұрын
Beautiful desk and great craftsmanship
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@gregmartin16154 жыл бұрын
Beautiful design. Beautifully made. And beautifully filmed. A please to watch from start to finish.
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@kevinmorin79655 жыл бұрын
Attila, you demonstrate three very strong skills or sets of abilities: you design simple objects with a high degree of elegance, your shop skills are very high and pleasing to watch because, #3 your video production skills allow you to show the other two skills so pleasantly. I'm very surprised you channel/vids are viral among the craft and shop utubers? Each shot of the shop work was framed from an imaginative point of view within the work environment. Nicely done, thank you for sharing.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks:) Yeah I guess most viewers don't realise that creating the video takes at least as much time and effort as the project.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks:) Yeah I guess most viewers don't realise that creating the video takes at least as much time and effort as the project.
@kevinmorin79655 жыл бұрын
got to love auto correct! I had intended to say " I'm very surprised youR channel/vids are NOT viral among..." They deserve to be more widely viewed- that will bring others' video efforts upward as they learn from your subtle video taste and skills.
@kusler675 жыл бұрын
I knew I recognized your style! I followed the Cygnus X1 build on overclockers religiously . That was 10 years ago. This youtube algorithm is getting good. Awesome work!
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@ericrouanet12624 жыл бұрын
Me too !! besides where is the Cygnus X1 PC case ?? Love it !
@michaelrosenlof10845 жыл бұрын
A gifted artisan, thank you for the glimpse into your world
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thank you:)
@johnhayes64144 жыл бұрын
Love the color of the wood. I am very interested on all the angle cuts. Never seen so many on one build
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
The edging is cut at 45 degrees and the legs are cut at an unknown angle that looked good.
@Luis-wx2jn4 жыл бұрын
Greetings from Spain 🇪🇸. Your designs are amazing and combined with such precise work make your pieces authentic works of art. Thanks for sharing it with us.
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thanks Luis:) I'm happy that you enjoy my videos.
@versatileduplicity93135 жыл бұрын
I really love the look of the wood itself. Wow
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
:)
@user-lp3in2zc3d4 жыл бұрын
Beautiful and clean and organized!!
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thank you:)
@JohnVanderbeck5 жыл бұрын
Is there a woodworking toy you DON'T have? Man I wish I had a workshop and tools like this to make projects.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Well, it took me many years to get together all that you see but my setup is modest compared to some;)
@tylerhengstler13175 жыл бұрын
I actually just mounted my audio interface under my desk and put in a keyboard tray. Sleek setup. Classy 👌
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Cool, thanks.
@ej-mo5xz5 жыл бұрын
Timeless designs and beautiful craftsmanship
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@elblopex4 жыл бұрын
well, thats a massive desk. Outstanding job
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@MarcelaMagrisFernandes5 жыл бұрын
My dad would love your job. Here in my house all the furniture is mahogany or peroba, but the style is from other times. Congratulations for the great work.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@IOTWVUVWTOI5 жыл бұрын
Simply stunning craftsmanship. I wish I had the facilities (and the skillls) to create such beautiful pieces of furniture!
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@ndnavarro4 жыл бұрын
awesome looking desk...very clean.
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Cool, thanks.
@amiryousefi53745 жыл бұрын
Why this video was so calm and peaceful?? Idk it jusr relaxed so much. I guess i like working with woods
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Happy you enjoyed the video:)
@brianmengini2 жыл бұрын
Stellar build! Makes me miss woodworking!! Would love to have seen the underneath video!
@AttilasWorkshop2 жыл бұрын
Thanks:)
@mcidor4 жыл бұрын
Beautiful desk design. I wish I had it in my room
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Cool, thanks.
@MatthewBechard4 жыл бұрын
Love the color of the wood used, A+ on the desk!!
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thanks:)
@pjhalchemy3 жыл бұрын
Simple Elegance and built like a brick for such a large desk. Also incorporating all the hardware under and on the edge just adds to that simple elegance. That Jarrah wood is truly gorgeous but looks a bit difficult to work...wish I could get some in the states. My understanding is that the dust is a bit toxic? Watched both desk vids now and really appreciate your details, craftsmanship, joinery and designs! Looks Very Classy with your lamp and headphone stand, too. Thanks much for sharing your passions.
@AttilasWorkshop3 жыл бұрын
Thanks, yes the Jarrah is very nice although very hard and heavy/dense. Looking at the list of Australian hardwoods it's not too bad compared to other species but you have be careful with any wood dust, especially manmade wood products;)
@av8er714 жыл бұрын
Wow, that is absolutely beautiful. You are an artist. Bravo!
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@kevlartwinky5 жыл бұрын
Very relaxing video, nice to see the whole process and use of tools. Best of all: no anoying music over the whole thing instead of letting the tools speak. Great result
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks, glad you enjoyed the video:)
@Tim.Lazo234 жыл бұрын
The craftsmanship and on this desk is just amazing! The detail in every single piece was so thought out and I want this desk now
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@andrem63344 жыл бұрын
Wow! now that is a beautiful finish. Good Job
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@fredosleepswiththefishes5 жыл бұрын
I have only just discovered your channel (shame on me), WOW, you, sir, are a pure creative genius. I am very envious of your talent. The finish, care and attention you put into to your pieces is second to none. I am now subscribed and can not wait for a new video. Thank you for sharing. Keep up the excellent work.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks, glad you enjoy my videos:)
@jwstout0075 жыл бұрын
Stunning camera work that rivals the craftsmanship of the desk, beautifully done!
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@aaronapoloramirez81085 жыл бұрын
Beatiful desk! And my favorite desk lamp on it!
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Cool, thanks.
@KTFG4 жыл бұрын
Awesome I love that keyboard pull out at 15:35
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Cool😎
@mr.p3ncil1574 жыл бұрын
Skilled and Talented at the same time.
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
😊
@nanardotb17574 жыл бұрын
très belle réalisation, du beau travail!
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Merci.
@tq26555 жыл бұрын
Very awesome project and video. Nicely done sir.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@rodnixm4 жыл бұрын
Very beautiful final result! A couple of things. The alternating clips of the desk and angle at the end was a little... But the work on the desk itself was awesome! Also, it would be great to add in the underside work on the desk. Just link to this one :) Love the work! Please keep making more!
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Cool, thanks. When I was shooting the final clips, because of the small room, I couldn't get back far enough to get the whole desk in frame so I had to stretch the clips from the few angles I could get. It's not one of my better videos.
@CanaleYouTubeGeneralista4 жыл бұрын
Superb the desk, the wood is beautiful, the Jarrah if I'm not mistaken is the mahogany.
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thanks. The desk is made from West Australian Jarrah:)
@CanaleYouTubeGeneralista4 жыл бұрын
@@AttilasWorkshop Hi, I live in Italy, the Jarrah from what I read is similar to mahogany, in Italy mahogany has a high cost. Maybe having a desk like that, you did a great job, congratulations. A greeting. Hi
@MihoNightwalker5 жыл бұрын
Very nice! You have some serious skills! With all that tools and toys I wouldn't leave the workshop for some time :D haha. Planning on making something like that but in a bit smaller scale. One day. Thanks for the video.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks, glad you enjoyed the video. Good luck with your desk.
@ThreenaddiesRexMegistus4 жыл бұрын
A thing of beauty! Well done !👍🏻
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@pecilijevelicanstveni49735 жыл бұрын
Wonderful! What a gold hands! Thank you for sharing this with us!
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@pecilijevelicanstveni49735 жыл бұрын
@@AttilasWorkshop You welcome! Just go on!!!
@coolkid94224 жыл бұрын
Awesome desk and awesome job....!!!
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thank you!
@diegossmiths5 жыл бұрын
Incredible work. Congratz man.I think the next project should be a new case for your desktop. You do a great work with wood and alluminium. Mixing both will create a piece of art desktop. Greetings from Brazil!
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
You mean like one of these? stillthinking.com.au/gallery.html Glad you enjoyed the project:)
@HostilePride5 жыл бұрын
Beautiful work. I've built a lot with Jarrah and you made it look easy. Bet it's heavier than it looks. Recently built a Jarrah barn door and it ended up over 100kg.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks. Yes, Jarrah is heavy and hard on tools as well.
@hiddenunknown37994 жыл бұрын
Would love to see how you have it built under the table.. what do you connect to the hub? What is your cable management look like?
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Cable management is reasonably tidy. The hub is for temporary USB devices.
@magnuskaren5 жыл бұрын
this should be labeled as NSFW because this is like watching pron! i love this desk! you did an amazing job!
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
:) Thanks.
@Mark-re8oq Жыл бұрын
You do beautiful work!
@AttilasWorkshop Жыл бұрын
Thanks:)
@davethepak5 жыл бұрын
Beautiful - professional grade. Thanks for sharing. Please use a push stick more.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@JLo75754 жыл бұрын
Jarrah is an Amazing wood 👍 Beautiful desk ! Thanks for sharing, take care
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@71Splinter4 жыл бұрын
beautiful finish! love the design too
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Glad you like it!
@xiongmoua35605 жыл бұрын
Very nice video and camera work. It would be nice to have captions or voice overs for us laymen who are still learning.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks:) Others have said that they love that there is no talking. I guess you can't please everybody;)
@christopherkouri23175 жыл бұрын
Stunning workmanship
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@LeMans5125 жыл бұрын
Overkill on a colossal level. Well done!
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks:)
@Ashkanfive5 жыл бұрын
Very nice, beautiful. I wish i could take the time back and became a joiner.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@melancholydm5 жыл бұрын
wish i could do this for my pc desk as well. nicely done
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@Panajotov94 жыл бұрын
I just like the vibe of the video, chills.
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Cool:)
@wookier1324 жыл бұрын
Hello. Why there is some white foam at 5:50? Is it just to help with polishing or maybe it have some other purpose? Kind regards, Luke
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
It's just the sheen being taken off by the sanding.
@wookier1324 жыл бұрын
@@AttilasWorkshop Oh, now I see that. Needed to look closer ;P . Thanks
@stevehood104 жыл бұрын
Beautiful desk, I was expecting an upgrade to Anika’s desk, this is great! Another router tip - thanks again. Any chance of putting the second video back up to see the underside? Can’t wait to see what you produce while you’re self isolating.
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thanks. I'll see if I can find the video.
@NICKYG81dj4 жыл бұрын
is it possible to see how you put the brackets for the sound card (scarlet) ?? have you anchored the brackets of the aluminum case? so you punctured it or found a less invasive solution for the sound card
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
The bracket is U shaped and lined with compressible foam, the interface slides in and is retained firmly.
@Deceptikhan4 жыл бұрын
Beautiful setup...Except that 2002 looking PC case under the desk. I sense a new video opportunity.
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@abdomination4 жыл бұрын
Skipped to the end and holy shit that's amazing. Going back to watch from the start.
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Cool.
@racc_cs5 жыл бұрын
This is a very beautiful desk, I'm also working on one too! Although as a suggestion add monitor arms to keep the desk cleaner (perhaps as next project suggestion, make pivotable monitor arms?) + would make the desk a lot slicker than it already is. None the less, amazing craftsmanship!
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks:)
@steveblixt94375 жыл бұрын
That's a beautiful table/desk.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@cleverexpert24 жыл бұрын
wish i could have this desk with one difference m&kb on the desk with a hole for the cables to go though since i game on my pc and i need the open space
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Cool.
@cleverexpert24 жыл бұрын
@@AttilasWorkshop going to have a new desk soon and was wandering how you mounted your audio interface under the desk
@Ateliersound15 жыл бұрын
Just outstanding ...well done man!
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@redone71045 жыл бұрын
Please show us how you design and build your own workshop and space
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Maybe in the future:)
@kasiraki5 жыл бұрын
lovely and glad that can do things like that, had something alike and lost it all pity as is so nice to create super nice all
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@SirGingerOfKnight4 жыл бұрын
The wooden discs looked just as effective, but were graphite rods assessed/investigated when looking into how to bond the two pieces of wood?
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
The biscuits are to keep the boards aligned, the glue is strong enough to bond the wood.
@Loka_cool5 жыл бұрын
Bravo! Everything you do is great! And the way you do it gives endless pleasure and respect. Thank you!
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thank you:)
@trickmytruck325 жыл бұрын
awesome desk
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks:)
@anniiket5 жыл бұрын
Beautiful as always.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@fepemi5 жыл бұрын
what kind of wood is it?. Wonderful
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Jarrah.
@nachtdiertje19725 жыл бұрын
Beautiful work. The only thing I'm missing is some kind of rack/cableduct, to hide your cabling in. You see what I mean on the right leg.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Yeah, I have plenty of cable management aids under the desk but I haven't taken the time to clean up behind the PC. Thanks.
@WaseemMian15 жыл бұрын
thanks for free home tour😁😄
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
:)
@tbird3415 жыл бұрын
Nice work, clean and beautiful.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@guitarwizzz5 жыл бұрын
Beautiful desk. I appreciate the videography as well, none of those cheesy slow motion shots of planing like some other channels out there.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks. I go slow enough without slomo video;)
@deadspeedv4 жыл бұрын
Some tools in this video I have never even seen before. Wow
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Cool;)
@skycouncil85234 жыл бұрын
Nice Work Attila!! (y) Hats Off... Keep it on Baby...
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@mnrd8884 жыл бұрын
With that small mouse space, I wonder what DPI could user need to use it? 20,000???
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
I can reach any area of both screens. I tested and measured this before designing the tray;)
@mnrd8884 жыл бұрын
@@AttilasWorkshop well, that is good to know! My hand felt so claustrophobic with that tiny space by just looking at the video :)
@Cubebass5 жыл бұрын
how did you mount the Scarlett under the desk? I'm thinkng of using Velcro but i kinda need some orientation. Great job BTW !!! looks awesome
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks. I made an aluminium bracket. It just slides in.
@Cubebass5 жыл бұрын
@@AttilasWorkshop woooh looks pretty clean
@lkmayhew93904 жыл бұрын
Wonderful desk!
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Cool:)
@DanielDoniza4 жыл бұрын
How are the brackets mounted to the desk and interface? Looking for a under desk system that will support my interface. I have the same one in the video.
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
A simple aluminium bracket was made to support the hub and interface.
@WethuKhoza3 жыл бұрын
Most satisfying 17 min of my life... Quick one, how did you mount your Scarlet under your desk?
@AttilasWorkshop3 жыл бұрын
Glad you enjoyed the video :) The audio interface is mounted with a homemade aluminium bracket.
@AnPhu1934 жыл бұрын
super awesome!!!! I have many tools and idea for next genneration.
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@savingsusanna5 жыл бұрын
Beautiful desk, and really calming video to watch. You've shot and (orchestrated?) the video perfectly. It's great to see very stylish pieces made. Appreciated. :)
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks, glad you enjoyed the video.
@RelaxedRhapsody5 жыл бұрын
This is pure antistress medicine.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks:)
@felixfromnebraska86485 жыл бұрын
A stunning piece of art and craftsmanship, my friend. Thanks for sharing.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@nikaiwolf5 жыл бұрын
I'm currently designing myself a desk using birch plywood as the main top of the desk. What's the best way to get the smoothest finish after staining and sealing?
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Plywood? Not something I have much experience with.
@nikaiwolf5 жыл бұрын
@@AttilasWorkshop I've based my design on a mid century furniture. Would you suggest a different wood? Or even using full boards like you did? There will be a cut out in the top of the desk for a built in monitor for my drafting job. So there will be supports inside near the monitor between the top of the desk and the bottom of the desk top. Miter joints on the ends to create a wrap around effect with brass inlays as accents.
@versatileduplicity93135 жыл бұрын
Sand with 220 grit and add second coat of poly
@SubhankarSett4 жыл бұрын
Excellent craftsmanship! Wish I had your skill By the way, what is the background music that plays at the end of the video; starting at 14:40?
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Undercover by Wayne Jones.
@JustCameronAndHisJeep5 жыл бұрын
You've made me miss my Dad even more. He'd have loved to build something so beautiful. I am useless with tools like this so far in life, so I applaud you for the work.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@Hellsong894 жыл бұрын
Usage and application of tools is learned over time. Everyone of us has been novice once. You only need to start and keep going at it, gaining experience and find information for industry practices how others do it and from there develop your own style. For actual projects my tip is to always have plan B if plan A fails, rather remove too little than too much and hone to perfection. Over time you get to understand different materials and how those behave and feel in different situations, what makes them tick and from there only more possibilities open. I suggest you start with little project like head phone stand, axe handle, buy second hand tool and make its your own like chisel handle and so on. From there you can get into small furniture like cabinets etc and finally into bigger projects like table. If you need something now, buy something second hand and mofidy it to your liking. Using scrap and waste material that is recycled saves you lots of money and there is room to make mistakes, to learn from them.
@Home_Wisdom4 жыл бұрын
Wow,how to install the sound card under the table?
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Aluminium bracket.
@deadspeedv4 жыл бұрын
What wood stain and varnish did you use and how many coats did you have to do to get that nice finish?
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Polyurethane, brushed on three heavy coats sanding in between, then two coats sprayed on.
@TARWERG5 жыл бұрын
That looks cool and elegant
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@heavyq4 жыл бұрын
Absolutely amazing work. Can I inquire as to what speakers those are? I am looking for something around that size with ribbon tweeters and those, if they sound good, are damn near perfect.
@AttilasWorkshop4 жыл бұрын
Thanks. The speakers are Adam audio T5V. Reviews are generally good and in my opinion they sound great for their size;)
@SirKitchen5 жыл бұрын
Can I ask you why you wouldn't alternate the sides you use the biscuit guide on when your joining the main board planks for the table top? I am curious to know why if alternating the side your drilling from (top versus bottom) would be a bad idea. From my perspective when you started that portion of the video you can see that there is quite a bit of room to flip the board and add another set on the other side between the ones from the original top side. I think it might provide much more rigidity in joining the boards, but that is from a completely outside perspective, and would love to hear if that is not the case.
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
The biscuits are closer to the underside of the top to help with a problem whereby their shape becomes visible, over time, on the surface. I have never experienced this problem before, but have heard of it several times. So, just in case;). The biscuits are only used for alignment. Glue is more than strong enough when used on the edge/face alone. More than twenty years ago I tested PVA glue by joining several pieces of pine together and could not get a break on the glue line, the wood always broke first.
@davomontgomeryda3rd5 жыл бұрын
Man do I dig your work & style!! Absolutely stunning desk mate! (And I thought your Desk #1 was a really nice design, but your Desk #2 is a work of art.) Your videos are so well done, such a pleasure to watch & they inspire me big time!
@AttilasWorkshop5 жыл бұрын
Thank you. I'm very gratified that you enjoy the videos and get inspiration to boot:)
@quentinreboul62265 жыл бұрын
I would like to know witch wood did you use to make this deks? Because I think it's colors is awesome and this finish result was really an awesome piece of decoration.