Did Aramaic Die in Lebanon - or Is It Still Alive?

[@Patrick.Khoury]

Thank you everyone for your comments. You can follow me on Instagram, and we can discuss more there! instagram.com/patatakhoury/profilecard/?igsh=YWlmM2Rmcmpxam91

[@EconGun]

To this day, Iran remains the only country that ever made the language of Christ an official language of the realm. God bless our Christian brothers and sisters!

[@joalexsg9741]

Assyrian Christians still speak their varieties both in Mosul and in their diasporas! Thanks for the vid, hoping that Lebanese Aramaic dialects get to be revived the soonest!

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@joalexsg9741 💚🙏🏽

[@Alex310100]

You know that Assyrians spoke Akkadian before Aramaic right? Maybe you should revive Akkadian and the Lebanese will revive Phonoencian and the Syrians Aramaic! A group of fanatic Z*onists revived a bad version of Hebrew im sure you’re proud of them 🤷🏻‍♂️😂

[@Alex310100]

You know that original Assyrians spoke Akkadian right? Maybe you should revive that, and coastal Syria and Lebanon spoke Phonecian maybe they should revive that? You know a group of fanatics revived a bad version of Hebrew im sure you are proud of them 😂

[@joalexsg9741]

@@Alex310100 Oh, I assume then that you way prefer the fanatics who are notorious for killinjg gays, beheading people and stoning women for their dogmas, you must be so proud of them, creep, lol; get lost, get a life, hypocrite, you're disgusting.

[@OliviaKhloe]

@@Alex310100 what fanatic group revived it?

[@fguicastro]

In the Maronite churches of Brazil, we celebrate the beauty of songs and choirs in Syriac Aramaic. A heartfelt greeting to all Aramaic speakers across the Levant and around the world.

[@rodjaibmanaleseg2264]

"as a Muslim who speaks the gulf arabic dialect(from non arab ethnicity - South east asian) I am 1000% agree in support of reviving your pre-arab culture and heritage by reviving Aramaic(syriac) its a beautiful language and theres a BEAUTY IN DIVERSITY I BELIEVE. Aramaic can thrive along with Arabic in levant if given a chance... Keep it up .... And God bless all semitic people .

[@cXms-k8y]

Shut up and give your phone to your mom lil bro

[@قبل7سنوات-ف8م]

إماراتي/قطري/سعودي

[@ernestohemingway2308]

The Aramaic language should become a global language taught like Latin or Greek for the study of the Christian Bible. Going global with Aramaic might be a good idea. Writing the Christian Bible in Aramaic and holding classes and seminars like the Bible Greek and Latin students. Teaching Aramaic as a foreign language for Christian Bible students might encourage more people to Keep the language alive today.

[@amIsraelHai-b7k]

Could you please make a video about the similarities between the languages ​​Hebrew, Aramaic, Phoenician and Arabic (or some of them) or the stages of their development and differentiation from each other Love watching your videos from Israel

[@Patrick.Khoury]

Many thanks! I will consider doing such videos! 😊

[@Cation_bibliophile]

Shalom! Such a great idea. Id love to see such video too. אהבה מלבנון ❤

[@JoshuaT-o4b]

@@amIsraelHai-b7k Jewish Aramaic, as we use it even today in liturgy, is different then the Aramaic the Arabs speak. It sounds different. Our Aramaic was more influence by Hebrew.

[@microska2656]

@@Patrick.Khoury Hello! I am a Greek from Syrian decent and my dad never spoke Arabic to me as a child. Now as an adult, I decided to learn it from scratch and I understood all the different variations and dialects. I saw a video saying that Syrian Arabic has many gramatical phenomena directly from Aramaic, and I'd like to see a comparison between Levantine Arabic and Aramaic

[@mannygutierrez7654]

The ancient Phoenicians, Arameans, this world FASCINATES me These people developed written language, culture, agriculture, Christianity all came from this land Listening to people recite the Lord's prayer in Aramaic is so beautiful

[@vinicius2uiciniv]

And now everybody just speak Arabic : (

[@maikel3888]

@@vinicius2uiciniv That’s not accurate actually. Our Lebanese dialect is so different from the ancient Arabic language. It’s a mix of a whole lot of languages. That’s why Arabic literature is the most failed topic at school. Second generation of Lebanese diaspora can’t understand standard Arabic. And a native Lebanese can’t understand Maghrebian darija and hardly iraqi arabic. It’s like a french guy trying to understand italian based on the similarities of words yet both have different languages.

[@vinicius2uiciniv]

@@maikel3888 And still it is a dialect of Arabic, just like Maltese, one could say. And not Aramaic/Syriac, or Phoenician at all.

[@maikel3888]

@ Its neither. Its Lebanese.

[@Alex310100]

@@vinicius2uiciniv and everybody speaks Latin in France, Spain, Italy, Portugal and Romania, all their original native languages changed, Latin originally was only spoken in Rome btw. same for the Slavic expansion But for Semitic languages , Phonecian, Aramaic or Akkadian are all Semitic languages same as Arabic so it’s natural for people to switch for the most important or dominant one, before Aramaic the Lebanese and coastal Syrians and Palestinians spoke Phonecian, and after that Aramaic and then Arabic it’s a natural cycle

[@CheLanguages]

Thank you for this video and שלמא לכון! I study Biblical Aramaic as well as Talmudic Aramaic purely out of interest. I'm becoming more interested in the non-Judeo varieties of Aramaic too, such as Syriac. I've long thought about how an Aramaic revitalisation could be beneficial to Christian communities in the Middle East, and I think Lebanon would be better of trying to revive Western Aramaic (similar to that of Ma'aloula than Phoenician, it would create a deeper national identity. However, I just hope this would not lead to more division in Lebanon as I fear it would be seen as a "Christian" language. There is an organisation in Lebanon called Tur Levnon that I believe is trying to do something like this? I send my prayers to the people of Lebanon that we all live in peace someday.

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@CheLanguages Thanks for your input! Hoping for peace in the region insha'Allah! 💚

[@alyaly2355]

I don’t think the Muslims would mind tbh.

[@CheLanguages]

@@Patrick.Khoury inshallah akhi

[@CheLanguages]

@@alyaly2355 I would hope not. It's not an issue of religion, all sorts of people spoke Aramaic regardless of their religious affiliation

[@alyaly2355]

@@CheLanguages Like here in Egypt. Coptic was spoken by both Muslims and Christians for centuries before Arabic was more enforced, and thus eradicated it. It still continued being spoken in some areas of Upper Egypt even until the 18th century and is currently gaining speakers here in Egypt, including people who speak it natively.

[@Ashr-hv8xy]

Assyrians in iraq, Turkey, Syria, Iran, Israel and Lebanon and the diaspora continue to speak it

[@samerloubieh6802]

Well done Patrick, love the video, especially touching on the religious/ political aspect. I would add that Aramaic dissolved into Lebanese ( and Levantine) Arabica as a lot of the words we still use today are Aramaic.

[@markcutolo2123]

Thanks Patrick for making a video about Aramaic and Syriac in Lebanon. I see what you mean- Aramaic connects us to our common pre-Arab roots, but at the same time reviving it could be divisive since there's already a common language that unites Lebanese people. Aramaic/Syriac might remain a niche and religious language, but at least it's still utilized in certain contexts. I like the book page you displayed with the image of the peacock on it.

[@theguyver4934]

@@markcutolo2123 - I pray that Allah protects the language of jesus Best regards from a Muslim

[@842H]

How absolutely fascinating! Keep up the great work! I’d love to learn Aramaic and if you somehow create a community that is actively practicing and teaching how to converse, read, write, and even think in Aramaic, I’ll sign up for that.

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@842H insha'Allah 💚🙏🏽

[@antoniotorcoli5740]

30 years ago I visited Syria and Aramaic was still spoken in Malula and some surrounding villages,.I wonder if it is still spoken there today,

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@antoniotorcoli5740 I visited a year ago and I can confirm that it's still spoken there..

[@personifiedmarvel]

@@Patrick.Khoury So that means the language is not dead yet, right?

[@tyrone2127]

@@personifiedmarvel Western Neo-Aramaic, spoken in a few towns in Syria, I believe has less speakers. There are still millions of Eastern & Central Neo-Aramaic speakers.

[@_hunter_hunter1048]

Malula aramaic is infested with borrowed words from arabic . It's not pure anymore

[@PatriciaAudreyHakim]

Sadly, in our modern culture of quick learning it is difficult to revive an interest in unused languages. Funding and awareness are needed to spike the enthusiasm to keep languages from history alive! Thank you, Patrick, I was so happy to learn more about Aramaic!

[@adrianblake8876]

Aramaic doesn't need a language revival, as there are pockets in Syria (ie, the village of Maaloula) that speak it to this day, writing using the square script (erroneously called "the Hebrew alphabet" even though that name is a synonym of the Phonecian alphabet)... What it needs is a resurgence, as that language is practically dying...

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@adrianblake8876 Resurgence is a very valid term indeed..

[@BBarNavi]

One Maalouli scholar decided to use a stylized form of the Hebrew script, final letter forms and all. It was rightfully derided because it was never seen in Maaloula before then. Yes, the Hebrew alphabet (not the paleo-Hebrew/Phoenician one) is just a square form of the Imperial Aramaic alphabet. But that doesn't mean that the Aramaic alphabet is the square script, let alone the Hebrew script. Aramaic has been written in so many different alphabets, not just Hebrew, so why not pull from any of the others, like Syriac, which is still the most common way to write Aramaic?

[@georgeadeh8859]

Hello Patrick, thanks for your instructive video. Assyrians living in Iraq and Iran still speak Syriac, which is a variation and descendent of the ancient Aramaic language spoken in the larger Middle East. I am an Assyrian and speak Syriac like many others. Many of those Assyrians have immigrated to Western and Eastern countries (USA, Russia, Australia, Canada, and European countries) and still speak the language.

[@DrGeorgeAntonios]

I'm for reviving Aramaic in Lebanon. It should be taught in schools and integrated into media.

[@mathieumaticien]

ܫܠܡܐ Patrick, I probably have a polar opposite worldview from you based on all the Lebanese people I've met in France, haha. But I am at least also super interested in ancient languages, especially Aramaic. Do you speak it by any chance (maybe at mass/church)?? I wonder why Syriac has been much more preserved but not western neo-Aramaic? I've been trying to learn (modern) Hebrew mainly then supplement a bit of (modern) Syriac with the resources I have, but it's unfortunate that there are no Assyrian Christian communities here to try to converse with... And even finding a Peshitta to study with is difficult. I hope something like the Hebrew revival happens in the Levant with Aramaic 🙏🏻❤️ Cheers!

[@prod.dagher6497]

Great Video! This has been a topic that I've always thought about but have never gotten a solid answer to.

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@prod.dagher6497 Glad you gained some clarity from it! 😊

[@oldschoolrap261]

Thank you for bringing this topic up, we should bring the language back, Lebanese and Syrian villages still hold Syriac names

[@heitoramos]

Much love from Brazil 🇧🇷 ❤ thank you for the enlightenment.

[@nmnopnonld3ti]

Also here in Israel there's a community that is actively reviving Aramaic. Question: how is Phoenician related to Aramaic?

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@nmnopnonld3ti Both Phoenician and Aramaic descended from their hypothesized ancestor proto-semitic. However, they developed into two different branches..peace from Beirut 🙏🏽

[@CheLanguages]

The Christian Arameans of Gush Halav (Jish), yes they are the only community in Israel actively trying to revive Aramaic

[@nmnopnonld3ti]

Peace from Israel. I would love it if you could do a video of the history of the different scripts. Three years ago I went to Shechem (aka Nablus aka Napoli) for Samaritan Passover and the Hebrew script they use is very unique! Also, the script from the Dead Sea scrolls seems unique, although more easily readable.

[@CheLanguages]

@@nmnopnonld3ti אתה ישראלי אחי? איך אפשר לבקר בשכם?! זה חלק מהשטח א

[@TheRahimpur]

@nmnopnonld3ti once in a while, when I read in the talmud, there is some Aramaic written there (most is Hebrew). As a Hebrew speaker, Aramaic is instantly uunderstandable. And we don't use Hebrew-Phoenician alphabet (same alphabet) as it is too ancient. We use the Aramaic alphabet.

[@ibnsabeel9466]

The first time I ever heard the word Aramaic was in the movie Fallen (1998). I was raised as a Baptist Christian here in the United States and I never knew that this was the language of Jesus عليه السلام.

[@jaycorwin1625]

Hi Patrick, I have read that there are some peculiarities in Lebanese dialect that may come from Aramaic. Also, as for the revival of Aramaic--the Eastern Aramaic speakers of the language from Syria and Iraq could be very helpful with it. They've kept their dialects alive and may be more than an inspiration but a link to a living form of the language, with modern vocabulary that Syriac cannot provide. There are many in Sweden, New Zealand and other places whose skills could be useful. In that case it is more like mouth to mouth resuscitation than revival from the dead. Syriac is sleeping. Sectarianism and other forms of tribalism are inevitable but intelligent people will always see languages and the cultures they bear with appreciation. I've watched and enjoyed your videos very much. I look forward to the next one, so thank you and see you next time.

[@Eissara]

@jaycorwin 1625 You are correct regarding the speakers of Eastern Aramaic (even though using the word aramaic is incorrect but it has become common or some say neo-aramaic). Why I say that it is incorrect, because those who use that word try to insinuate that the Assyrians who spoke Akkadian in ancient times adopted the so-called aramaic which is incorrect. The aramaeans were tribes and during their movements carried an alphabet which was for some reason named after them even though they did not invent it. The Assyrians adopted the letters but did not forget their language nor adopt the so-called aramaic language. As for Syria and what is today known as Iraq, the Assyrians still speak Eastern Assyrian also called Eastern Syriac, and use Leeshana Ateeqa (Old tongue or language) in churches. Jesus spoke the Eastern dialect since the Holy Land is East of the Euphrates. Some just use the word Syriac for the language without differentiating between Eastern spoken east of the Euphrates and Western spoken west of the Euphrates which is spoken by the followers of the Syrian Orthodox church.

[@whydoIneedone846]

We Jews use Aramaic daily in our prayers and our Talmud (main Jewish texts recording the Oral Torah) are mostly in Babylonian Jewish Aramaic. We also weekly study the Aramaic translation of the Torah written in the Jewish Aramaic dialect of the Land of Israel, (called Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, though the Palestinian part is obviously an anachronism). So most religious Jews at least understand at least two dialects of Aramaic. Unfortunately almost all Jewish communities have given up speaking this language since the Arab conquest. However the "Kurdish" Jews (perhaps more accurately called Assyrian Jews) until only a couple generations ago spoke Aramaic though unfortunately since most of these Jews have fled or moved to Israel they have switched to Hebrew and Aramaic as a spoken language has been mostly lost.

[@SIR46661]

Aramaic spoken all over Syria! Maaoula and 2 other villages north of Damascus and many villages in NE Syria with the Aramean/Assyrian. Jazira, Hasakah, Kamishly etc. Syrian Orthodox use it in their liturgy.

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@SIR46661 Indeed!

[@BBarNavi]

just Assyrian okay

[@user-ir5ul1ph1c]

The Lebanese dialect still uses some Aramaic words. The names of our cities and villages are Aramaic derived.

[@Afrologist]

Aramaic wasn't just passively replaced by Arabic but outright suppressed by it after the conquests (religion of peace, amiright?), still modern Syriac & Lebanese Arabic has absorbed a decent amount of phonological & lexical influence from Aramaic, although the Arabic they speak is still mostly intelligible with Standard Arabic.

[@rimacalid6557]

Remember the Cathars , Bogomils , Celts, that's suppression and conquest my monkey friend

[@VdR_19]

Ya religion of peace cuz minorities are still there Not extinct like the dozen of cultures wiped out by the “Great race” + arabic became the dominant language because it was the language of the ruling class and commerce so people of different races slowly adopted it to make life easier and not forced upon them (unlike latin,a language that gave birth to most of the “great” race’s languages)

[@Eissara]

The aramaic spoken in Maaloola and two other villages has nothing to do with Eastern Assyrian or Eastern Syriac nor with western Syriac. The dialect of Maaloola is a mix of Eastern Syriac and arabic even when they say The Lord's Prayer it is not the same as the one which we say in the Leeshana Ateeqa (meaning old tongue or language) which is also in Eastern dialect and not the western dialect. As one of the comments mentioned, the Assyrians are the only ones who preserved the language spoken and use the old language or classical in churches, then the western Syrians or Syriacs who speak Toroyo which is a dialect but the Eastern classical is only used in The Church of The East. As for Lebanon, since the so-called arabic revival which was lead by few prominent Lebanese Christian figures as a reaction against Turkification during the Ottoman occupation but that negatively affected the Maronites who used to speak and learn western syriac even though if we look at the majority of village names across Lebanon, they are all named in Eastern Assyrian that is Eastern Syriac and not western syriac. Suffice to say, using the language in Maronite churches dwindled and for a long time they used only to say the sacrements in preparation for communion in western syriac, the rest was all arabic. However, since the majority at churches only read what is called Karshouni that is arabic letters but when spelled they come out as western syriac, the spelling most of the times is incorrect. Those who are serious about learning the Eastern Syriac or Western Syriac need to study it from the beginning otherwise they won't grasp the essence of the language. There is one common alphabet between the two dialects and that is the alphabet written in Estrangela letters which can be read in both dialects and Estrangela as well as its Swadaya form are used by the Assyrians as the Swadaya is a derivative of Estrangela letters so there isn't much difference. As for Western Syriac writing called Sorto it is a derivative of Estrangela but the writing is not as close to Estrangela

[@tyrone2127]

Maalouli is technically considered a descendant of Western Aramaic. I think it would be cool if they used an adapted version of Palmyrene script to write it.

[@BBarNavi]

​@@tyrone2127I would LOVE to see the Palmyrene alphabet revived.

[@odetteyazigi6537]

I wish to learn Aramaic through your videos. By the way, in our daily communication in Lebanon we use a lot of Aramaic words without noticing.

[@SirElinator]

Not only in Maaloula but also in Hassaka and Qamishli Syria are Arameans

[@angelscorpio5485]

As far as I know a variant of Aramaic was still spoken in today's area of Lebanon until 18th century, in everyday life, but soon died out in favor of pan arabism. But it's still spoken by people of Assyrian/Syricac heritage originating from south eastern Turkey, northern Syria and northern Iraq and in the diaspora. I am not sure if the older generation in Lebanon (those that fled from the ottoman empire) still speak or understand it though. I have lots of colleagues and friends from Assyrian/Aramaic heritage here in Sweden that speak the language, some fluently others more basic. I am in favor of perseving this ancient langauge and use it in everyday life just like any other language. It's a part of their national identity and cultural heritage, it's super important. Unfortunately in the countries in the middle east where from Assyrians/Syriacs originate from, the language is or has been forbidden to be tought at school and in some cases even forbidden in every day life. If the Assyrians/Syriacs/Arameans had got a independent country of their own after the first World War when the borders in middle east were carved out, they as people and their language wouldn't face this existential thread they are facing today.

[@maikel3888]

Cool! I am half lebanese half assyrian. From the title, I thought it was going to be about how the lebanese language still uses some aramaic words and expressions. (Fi 3a raso risheh, to2borneh…)

[@walidkerdi6910]

We in Lebanon have Aramaic related words in our daily language

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@walidkerdi6910 True. We have many Aramaic loanwords in Lebanese Arabic.

[@SirElinator]

Aramean christians from Turkey still speak our ancient language

[@mohamadmheiche]

As a Lebanese myself, Im sorry to say no one is thinking of reviving Aramaic. It became exactly like latin a dead language. We speak Arabic now with our beautiful and elegant Lebanese Dialect and that’s more than enough. Why don’t we instead of reviving a dead language that belongs to the past, try to fix the economical problems and move forward to a bright future?

[@habazlambazazathe6th989]

hello my hairy lebanese brother..good video

[@_hunter_hunter1048]

Maronite dialect of aramaic is rooted in phoenician , different than the dialects spoken in syria ,israel and iraq

[@personifiedmarvel]

When did it die? I was sure that it was still spoken...

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@personifiedmarvel It didn't die in the world..in Lebanon, kind of..

[@Jorge-cf6xk]

Liked and subscribed.................. excellent presentation..... to the point, I liked the maps, ...... very good

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@Jorge-cf6xk Many thanks, Jorge! 💚

[@stephanies.764]

I wish Aramaic & Latin (and some of the other ancient original languages) could be revived, and Arabic would fade into just the countries from whence it came.

[@daoudaba1628]

Why you are so antiarab?I am not arab mind you.

[@stephanies.764]

I’m not necessarily anti-Arab, I just know that Arabic flooded out some of the original languages and dialects in the Middle East. I would like to see a revival in the original languages that each country originally spoke. I think Arabic was originally from Saudi Arabia area only to begin with.

[@Alex310100]

@@stephanies.764and you know that Coastal Lebanon and Syria spoke Phoenecian before and not Aramaic? And Latin was only spoken in Latium (only around Rome) so why cherry-pick Arabic?!

[@dudua3755]

@@stephanies.764 No you're just anti arab and have this narrative of Arabic emerging with islam from Mecca when the oldest arabic inscriptions appear in Jordan, Palestine, Syria and Northern Saudi Arabia, and the Arabic script itself is derived from the Aramaic script as well. The earliest mention of Arabs is found in and places them in Syria in around 850 BCE, Queen Zenobia of Palmyra was of Arab and Aramaean descent, and ancient Arabs are found all over the levant, Iraq and even parts of western Egypt, as well as the Arabian peninsula. Im also not exactly sure where you think the Arabian peninsula is mind you, its not in China. Arabs prior to islam have been an integral part in the tapestry of the middle east and spoke Aramaic as well, and have been Roman Emperors, Generals in Iranian Empires as well as contemporaries to all the ancient civilisations that you place as enemies to Islam for whatever reason. You think the Iranian empires and the Roman ones were native to the Middle east im sure right? Classical Arabic following Islam became the lingua franca of high culture, sciences and learning, people are going to speak the language most useful to them at the time, its the same reason why many Kurds today speak Arabic very well, or Turkish or Farsi depending on where they live. Im not sure why you think they stopped Aramaic from being spoken because it had already begun to lose most of its prominence by 300 CE. Phoenician almost entirely died out 400 years before that. Instead of trying to somehow blame this cultural shift that came with the constant battles between the Romans and Iranians on the Arabs, come to the realisation that the Arab caliphates were the first time that a native middle easterner actually somewhat ruled the middle east, though this flew away in 1258.

[@ezrabaderman]

Phoenician and christian roots? You are completely ignoring the jewish connection - jews around the world have been reading Aramaic every week on the sabbath long before Christians even existed. the portion of the torah read every week is read alongside a haftarah - a portion of jewish writings written entirely in Aramaic. much of jewish commentary is in Aramaic and jews in their schools around the world, from Europe to the Middle East, study in Aramaic. every sabbath, songs are sung in Aramaic around the dinner table. it is very much alive with us!

[@842H]

@@ezrabaderman 🤨

[@yaqo6577]

You literally call your Aramaic script "Ktav Ashuri", "Assyrian writing.' Guess what, there are still millions of Assyrians around the world, we speak Aramaic at home, and we are a Christian nation

[@carlosacta8726]

It's about Aramaic revival in Lebanon. It's not about Israel. You revived Hebrew. Well Done!

[@adrianblake8876]

A language can be spoken by people every day and still be considered dead. And Talmudic Aramaic is pretty much dead, as it has ZERO native speakers...

[@842H]

@@ezrabaderman Hey everybody, let’s all go to NYC to learn about original Italian pizza because NYers still eat pizza every day!

[@charlestraboulsi1870]

where is the image taken at 5:50 ?

[@CaspianKhazar]

Do Levantine dialects of Arabic, including the ones spoken in Lebanon, have a discernable Aramaic substratum?

[@antibiotic3024]

yes

[@BBarNavi]

Yes. Ever hear the word "shlonak"?

[@user-uc5xn6eq5q]

Question for Patrick: why so many Lebanese people say they are Phoenicians. Did they not hear cultural assimilation? Or maybe its the unawareness that Phoenicians are another Semitic group just like Amorites, Akkadians ..etc who also ended up being Arabs?

[@BBarNavi]

Because Lebanese are literally the descendants of ancient Phoenicians? Identity is fluid and political, and while in the last century Lebanese thought it expedient to identify as Arab, this century they're identifying more as Phoenician or even both as the political situation evolves.

[@user-uc5xn6eq5q]

@BBarNavi every group of people are descendants of a previous group. Lebanese people, as much as the rest of the world did not know much if anything about Phoenicia 200 years ago, so no they did not choose to become Arabs, they were Arabized as did 90%+ of Arab speakers today. Sounds like self loathing to disassociate from who you are. Also, Phoenicians are Semitic, just like Arabs, Jews, Assyrians etc. so tomato tomato

[@Tamar-sz8ox]

It is the most beautiful language , the Sacred ✨Zohar , ✨is written in Aramaic ( via Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai )

[@albertlevert2988]

Could Lebanon revive Aramaic the way Israel revived Hebrew ?

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@albertlevert2988 Israel HAD to revive Hebrew because they didn't have any other common language since they came from different parts of Europe and the Arab world. For Lebanese, the revival of Aramaic is seen as futile since everyone already speaks Arabic. Utility for revival is very low..Israel on the other hand had the need for reviving Hebrew..

[@albertlevert2988]

@ Thank you, and also Arabic has the advantage of being a widely spoken language. Moving to Aramaic would risk isolating more the Lebanese from that culture. And I could see how important it has been to Lebanese, many of whom could easily work in Arabic speaking countries (KSA, UAE, etc.) and find good jobs when their country was not doing well (My wife is Lebanese). Incidentally when Israel had to chose a language they had as another option Yiddish. But, I presume, there was an ideological aspect also as creating a national identity around Hebrew was more politically useful than using Yiddish, which is very close to German. As a Swiss citizen I had to learn German, and I can understand quite a lot of Yiddish.

[@mmartinsrj]

Perhaps adopting the Roman alphabet could help spread the language faster?

[@alanbeirut3702]

Beautiful, but do you think that Arabic is thriving in Lebanon? The dialect hardly sounds like it’s related to Arabic plus that almost every Lebanese ( as far as I know ) uses either English or French in everyday life.

[@CaraCha212]

@@alanbeirut3702 🤦🏻‍♀️🤦🏻‍♀️🤦🏻‍♀️🤦🏻‍♀️🤦🏻‍♀️🤦🏻‍♀️

[@reddare3006]

Hi Patrick. If the aim is to revive Lebanon’s pre Arab roots why not revive Phoenician instead. It is the true original language of Lebanon. And what’s more it doesn’t carry any divisive religious connotations. And one more point, Phoenician Aramaic and Arabic are all sister Semitic languages. Main reason why Aramaic replaced Phoenician then was replaced by Arabic

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@reddare3006 Reviving phoenician would be the coolest thing ever! Wish they had sound recordings back in the days..

[@allexco]

Some Books in the Talmud was also written in aramaic.

[@amadeusakreveusmusic3356]

1:58 I wouldn't say decline but sublation.

[@QabilAGhor]

Some Western Christians are convinced that the ONLY way Jesus’ name could have been written or pronounced is Yashu’. This theory is based on the following premise: Greeks translated the name Yahushua [used in the Torah] and Yashua [used in Ezra-Nehemiah], as Iesous. Then the same word Iesous was used for Jesus by NT authors. So Jesus’ name must have been Yeshua. The problem with this theory is that because of the limitations of Greek in conveying Hebrew/Aramaic names, the only way one can write Yahushua, Yeshua, Yeshu’, Eisho, Eiso etc. is by writing Iesous. So, in my view, Greek cannot be used to firmly establish the correct pronunciation of Jesus’ name. Jesus’ name in Aramaic-the language that he spoke-is Eisho or Eiso, which is sometimes pronounced as Eishaw. Critics argue that even some modern Aramaic speakers now call Jesus, Yeshua. The fact is that these Aramaic speakers have been influenced by Jewish/Christian Arabs who have bought the “Greek-is-right” argument. Historically, the Aramaic name of Jesus was/is Eisho, as any Aramaic scholar would testify. Jesus’ name in Aramaic was Eisho (YODH-SHEEN-WAW-AIN). But the way it is pronounced is very different than in Hebrew or Arabic. In this case, the YODH is pronounced as -EE not YE. In both Arabic and Hebrew, every time you have a WAW before AIN, the sound is that of -OO or -U as in Yeshu3, but in Aramaic it is -O sound and that is why AYN is silent. That is why in Aramaic, Jesus’ name is pronounced as Eisho and not Yeshu. There were several dialects spoken during Jesus’ time. It is very possible that people called him by different names, according to their own dialect. Some must have pronounced SHEEN as SEEN because of Greek influence which is confirmed by the fact that at that time the same letter SHEEN was used for both sounds. So people might have called him by all sorts of names: Yeshu3, Yeshu (without the AYN), Eisho, Ee-ay-sooc’, or Eisaw, depending on their dialect. The AYN in Yeshu3 was dropped either during the time of Jesus or soon afterwards. There are various theories about that but the important one is that Yeshua means “Saved” and since according to Christian/Jewish belief, Jesus couldn’t save himself, the name was shortened to Yeshu (without the AYN), and Jews used the remaining letters yod-shin-vav as an acronym for “yemach shemo v’zikro” (“May his name and his memory be erased). But that is far fetched and most likely it was due to Aramaic rather than any insult. As stated earlier, in northern Israel, where Jesus was born people pronounced SHEEN as SEEN. “In Aramaic, Jesus’ name would have been pronounced Yesu by the Galileans (including Jesus’ Himself), and as Yeshu in southern Israel, because they were typically able to pronounce the “sh” sound of the Hebrew letter shin, whereas northern Israelites could not (See Judges 12:5-6). Here is quick chart as to the history of the name: 1000 BC: -Yehushua 300-400 BC:-Yeshua (Ezra Nehemiah) 300 BC-0 BC:-YODH-SHIN-WAW-AYN (Aramaic), pronunciation in dispute but most likely same as in current Aramaic: EISHO or EISO. Was AYN pronounced? Northern Israelis pronounce SHIN as SEEN. 0 BC- 300/500 AD:-YODH-SHIN-WAW (No AYN) (Talmudic Period). Reason why AYN was omitted is in dispute. 1000 AD:-Mesorites, Hebrew makes a come back, [Return of the AYN?], Christian Arabs write “Yasu'” (with AYN at the end). 1000 AD-Present: YODH-SHIN-WAW (No AYN)…

[@mhamadshhab6318]

Hi. As a lebanese any cultural linguistic enrichment is welsome. But any language should not be used for political strife.We already have enough conflicts n disruptions.so a revival of a language based on pilitical disruptive agendas is disasteous. A revival for cultural enrichment is welcome. It ll be almost impossible for arameic to be used on a wide scale. I think few ll spend the effort it takes to use it as a main language. However it is possible that certain families n small scale communities to adopt it if their will is quite strong.

[@IsabellaCastile-y8y]

God Bless the Jewish State of Israel! ❤️✝️✡️♥️

[@daoudaba1628]

God bless Palestine!​@@IsabellaCastile-y8y

[@IsabellaCastile-y8y]

​@@daoudaba1628God Bless all the Christians in the Middle East. After what happened to them in 1915 Armenian Genocide, the minority Armenians and Assyrians are not safe at all. Millions of Christian Greeks Armenians and Assyrians died during nthe genocide which was committed by the Turks and Kurds. Shame on them!

[@leonkahwaty-ju3xv]

The language or dialect one speaks has nothing to do with one’s faith. Aramaic survives in Lebanon and Syria in the names of most of the villages. Even the dialects spoken in both countries are heavily influenced by Aramaic just as the Coptic language influenced the Arabic dialect of Egypt. The revival of ancient languages and how they will be used will be determined by the youth of the Arab peoples.

[@MrEVAQ]

It has to do with faith at least in some capacity. It is probably no coincidence that Aramaic is still spoken as a day-to-day language almost entirely by Christians. Native Aramaic speakers of the past who opted to convert to Islam would've gradually abandoned it in favor of Arabic which was more politically and religiously prestigious.

[@arielshpitzer]

The text you shown is Arameic written in Arab letters, the original letters are those used today by Jews instead of the anchient Hebrew alphabeit.

[@Username-b2v1q]

Iraq has the largest Aramaic speakers 90% of Aramaic speakers are Iraqi . Christians and mandians of iraq are the reason for longevity of Aramaic

[@MoutonRub59]

Thanks for this video! A country very near Lebanon managed to revive or reinvent an ancient language very recently. 👀 So everything is possible!

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@MoutonRub59 That's true! Many thanks for your comment Sir!

[@mariannepradelle3859]

Toujours vivant.

[@cosmicarcher3679]

Hmmmm.... don't the Assyrians still use Assyrian neo-aramaic as their first language?

[@yaqo6577]

We are the largest group of Aramaic speakers. Talking about Aramaic as a dead language is purposeful Assyrian erasure

[@Lebanesefaction]

Liturgical language doesn't directly prove the language was spoken in the past. The liturgical language of the Poles is Latin, yet they're Slavic and have never spoken Latin. Also, Phoenician and Aramaic are two quite distinct langues. The Lebanese can't be both Phoenicians and Arameans. A Lingua Franca isn't necessarily a spoken language of everyday life. It's just a language used by people who have their own separate tongues to communicate among each other, just like English is today across many parts of the globe.

[@MrEVAQ]

Well, it was either that or Greek. Hebrew is believed to have survived in small pockets of the region even by Roman times, but for Hebrew there was a big textual corpus like the Bible that facilitated the preservation of the language, and it helped that it was considered a holy language. The same can't be said about Phoenician.

[@rvaviima]

@@MrEVAQ It would be interesting to compare the alternative histories also from the linguistic (and cultural) point of view - realities where Carthage ultimately won the Punic Wars, Alexander the Great managed to survive and did conquer Carthage as apparently had been an option, or Rome failed in its quest to defeat the Celtic tribes in the Northern part of what is now Italy and another empire evolved from some other nation. Or what if the Achaemenid Empire never had succeeded in taking iver the Neo-Assyrian Empire, the Anatolian states, or Cilicia?

[@Lebanesefaction]

@@MrEVAQ What about the Amorite, Canaanite, Ammonite, Ugaritic, Nabatean, North Arabic, and the so many other languages and dialects that have left no written record? In reality, we can't possibly know what was spoken in different parts of the coastal Levant, but we can speculate that they were central Semitic languages and dialects, much closer to Hebrew, Phoenician, Ugaritic, and Arabic than to Aramaic, which is a Northwest Semitic language native to the plains of northern Mesopotamia. To say it was Greek or Aramaic is an over sipmlification.

[@MrEVAQ]

@@Lebanesefaction Damascus used to be Aramaic speaking in biblical times, so I don't know that Aramaic developed in the northern planes of Mesopotamia. The Akkadians and Assyrians originally spoke Akkadian, not Aramaic.

[@Bzn14]

✝️

[@eauesas3309]

it would be although interesting if you deveop the idea that leabnese dialect is directly influenced by syriac

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@eauesas3309 Will do that for sure!

[@המאמין18]

💙🤍💙🇮🇱🇮🇱 אגדות מהעבר קמות לתחייה ועמים עתיקים החלו להשמיע את קולם , לבנון מעולם לא היתה מדינה ערבית עד שהגיע הכובש מהמדבר 🤺🤺🤺

[@IsabellaCastile-y8y]

♥️🇺🇲🇮🇱♥️

[@EricVialla]

Arameic.still.live.in beautiful prayers some of.it of the Israelite jewish judaiism

[@whydoIneedone846]

1:01 *Galilean Jewish Aramaic

[@sargon4451]

Hello Patrick, thanks for the video ! Syriac is not "a dialect of Aramaic". Aramaic was the language of the kingdom of Aram Damascus. It was a powerful kingdom and its capital was Damascus (hence the name). When the Assyrian empire became stronger it replaced the kingdom of Aram Damascus in the Levant (modern day Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and Palestine). Assyria was territorially much larger than Aram and it had many non-assyrian speaking people as well as a plethora of Assyrians who spoke in dialects that were difficult for other Assyrians to understand. It is for this reason that Assyria decided to adopt Aramaic as the official language of Assyria. Though Aramaic became the Lingua Franca for international trade, administration and even political treaties it never became the language of the market in Assyria. Assyrians continued to speak Assyrian at home and in the market place and since 99% of people were illiterate for millennia they never bothered to study Aramaic (or Assyrian for that matter) which was the exclusive domain of the political and commercial elites. Syriac evolved in the Levant (also in modern day South Eastern and South Central Türkiye) as a result of Christological differences that emerged between Nestorians and the Byzantine Catholic church in the 4th century as well as the split during the fourth ecumenical council of Chalcedon between what was to become Chalcedonian (Byzantine Catholic or Imperial Catholic) and non-chalcedonian churches in the 5th century. Christians in the Levant in the 5th century traced their ethnicity to one of four main categories ; 1) Hellenic (Greek) and/or Hellenised Christians. These were a majority in the coastal areas from Gaza in the south to the city of Mersin in the North as well as in fortified cities such as Aleppo, Damascus, Tyre, Latakia and Beirut. They consisted of around 25% of the population and they spoke Byzantine Greek. There is no indication that the Hellenic peoples in Byblos spoke Aramaic and the proof is all ancient inscriptions from as late as the 6th Century CE are in Greek (there are also Aramaic Canaanite inscriptions and of course place names that predate the Christian era hence they are irrelevant because the Phoenician-Canaanites did not speak Aramaic but rather incorporated loan words from Aramaic (and vice versa). 2) Syriacs. They were a majority of the inhabitants in the Levant (possibly as many as 55% of the population) but most of them had a very basic knowledge of Syriac language because they spoke Arabic. Yes, it comes as a surprise to many but Arabic was spoken in the Levant for hundreds of years before the Islamic occupation in the 7th century. Arabic was exclusively spoken by Christians east of the Jordan and that includes the Christians of Southern Syria. The Syriacs spoke Arabic (also those as far north as the Southern coast of Türkiye) because Syriac was used for ecclesiastical purposes (ie the kurbana liturgy and chants in Church) and was deemed too holy to be used by the masses. This was also true for Chalcedonian Syriacs such as John of Damascus. The distinct accents of Lebanon and coastal Syria are not a result of the widespread usage of Syriac. Rather it is a result of the transformation from speaking Aramaic in the pre-christian era to Arabic. The infiltration of Arabic was gradual and probably began as early as the 2nd Century BCE because in the gospels there is mention of people speaking in tongues in Arabic in Jerusalem and these were not pilgrims, they were inhabitants of Jerusalem. The only areas where Aramaic was popularly spoken were the North of Palestine, Lebanon and small pockets of Western Syria (ie Maaloula and Sayyidnaya where people speak the Palestinian version of Aramaic (not Syriac) to this very day. 3) Nabatean Arabs. These formed a majority in what is modern day Jordan and South Syria and they were also numerous in modern day Syria and Lebanon because people naturally move from barren with extreme temperatures to fertile areas where the weather is less extreme. They constituted as much as a fifth of the population in the Levant. They did not hail from the Arabian Peninsula because the latter was sparsely populated and Arabic was not in use anywhere in the Arabian Peninsula until the 9th century CE. It was Semitic Yemenite languages that were in use in the settlements in Arabia with Arabic only appearing as the focus shifted from Damascus to Mecca in the 10th Century. 4) Aramaic speaking Jews. They constituted around 5% of the population and Jewish believers in Christ were the main drivers of the spread of Christianity in the region during its initial phases.

[@Afrologist]

There is almost zero actual evidence that Arabic was spoken outside of Bedouin tribes before the 7th century, I have no clue where you're getting that.

[@sargon4451]

@Afrologist Do you know what Bedouin means? It means nomads and factually speaking 20% - 30% of the inhabitants of the Levant were nomads. Since you refer to the 7th century I suppose the only "evidence" you can come up with for Arabic speaking peoples is the Qura'n... How do you know the Qura'n is describing the Arabian Peninsula generally and Mecca in its current location specifically? In the Qura'n there are many references to fruits that commonly grow in the Levant but are not found in the Arabian Peninsula. The same is true for animals such as horses and cows that can hardly survive life in modern day Saudi Arabia with the technology we have today let alone in the 7th century CE...

[@tyrone2127]

Sometimes I too forget that Arabic had been spoken in these places before the advent of Islam, though I've read about it many times. But yeah, it's easy to think Arabic > Islam > Arab conquests.

[@MrEVAQ]

@@sargon4451 Arabic even has a word for snow, which is etymologically shared with the Hebrew word for snow. All this means is that speakers of this proto language were familiar with snow, which Arabic speakers have inherited when they migrated into the Arabian Peninsula where it rarely snows. It does not mean that Arabs themselves were living in conditions where it snowed regularly or eating horses or cows or whatever regularly.

[@sargon4451]

@@MrEVAQ Arabic is not a language in so far that it does not have an official dictionary. There are many words including in the Qura'n that are enigmatic and nobody knows what they mean to this day. The word for snow in Arabic is derived from Assyrian. Snow in Assyrian is thalg or thalge. In Arabic it is ثلج (thalj). I know it is very tempting for people who don't speak Semitic and Babylonian languages to spread false information but it is perhaps better not to write anything at all unless you have the adequate scholastic background.

[@trystanfranziskus]

arabian colonialism always gets ignored

[@futate0]

The Arabs conquest were not colonial in nature. Their goal was not cultural erasure or colonial resettlement since the majority of the Arabs bar governing tribes stayed within their original homeland (The peninsula and parts of the Levant).

[@trystanfranziskus]

@@futate0 ah yeah that's why there's such a big cultural and linguistic diversity in all areas conquered by arabs. not. arabain colonialism was just as bad as any western one but people get mad when you point it out

[@Kaan-f4q]

Colonialism is the wrong word. Arabs didn't exploit the regions they conquered and the local people were 100% equal as long as they were Muslim. It was like the Greek expansion

[@ODR96]

@@Kaan-f4q "as long as they were Muslim", which led to eventual forced conversion, or to live under dhimmitude under what we would today call apartheid as a kafir.

[@trystanfranziskus]

@@Kaan-f4q yea totally equal lol no very much not so and ignoring the centuries of slave trade and forced labour they commited is fine ig bc it's not colonialism when it's none europeans doing it lmao

[@TheArtsHunter]

Jesus hat Aramäisch NICHT Arabisch gesprochen ☝️

[@Patrick.Khoury]

Wer hat Arabisch gesagt? 🧐

[@plibani4248]

It seems that the Lebanese dialect contains many Aramaic componets : kzbin.info/www/bejne/aou9aYZ4mdN5massi=l3aJ_HCivr9PTXXg

[@axile-mf7pz]

Why don't you talk about Arab colonization? which has been going on for 14 centuries, they forced you to speak Arabic instead of Aramaic? and adopt Islam for the majority of Lebanese Why is colonization in your heads limited to the European presence which brought many civilizational elements and which never forced you to speak its language or adopt its religion, unlike the Arabs Why do you call 23 years of French presence in Lebanon (1920-1943) colonization when you say nothing about 1400 years of Arab colonization? and 400 years of Turkish colonization? it's unfair.

[@crazyspider17]

God I love Lebanon I wish I could swim at the Litani River, visit Sarafand while making jokes about France and eat shrimp at a seafood restaurant in Tyre, but alas it's currently illegal for me to enter the country because i'm an Israeli citizen, inshallah Israel and Lebanon will sign a peace agreement in the coming years, hopefully until then my Arabic will be good enough so I can do more than just watch spacetoon dubs of animes in arabic. 🇱🇧❤🇱🇧❤🇱🇧❤🇱🇧❤🇱🇧❤🇱🇧❤

[@CheLanguages]

אנשאללה אחי

[@findolinfly]

Hey do you have a link to Arabic cartoons with English subtitles? I can't find any and it would be great for my goal to learn Arabic!

[@masea2]

Talmud is written in Aramaic.

[@VdR_19]

Wanna revive aramaic?,sure go ahead But what about the lira that is practically worth less than the paper it’s printed on? What about the refugees from southern lebanon? What about the political deadlock? Frankly “reviving” aramaic wouldn’t benefit lebanon much other than Deepening the sectarian rift that is already deep cuz if aramaic is revived it will be spoken by a single sect and it would create basically a new belgium in an already heated region

[@paulcock8929]

There are Syriac words in the Koran.

[@Patrick.Khoury]

Of course

[@JoshuaT-o4b]

Shlama Lachu (Jewish Aramaic, been waiting to use it lmao).Why wouldnt Levanon not revive Phoenician? Much much closer to Hebrew. Actually it would help unite Levanon with Israel. Both would be able to understand each other.

[@tyrone2127]

Seems like it would be difficult to revive Phoenician without heavy inspiration from Hebrew and other Semitic languages. I wish there was a Phoenician corpus similar to the Bible and Mishnah. Maybe one day we'll find something. Still, vocalization is not definite. I'm not a linguist though.

[@JoshuaT-o4b]

@tyrone2127 we have a ton of written Phoenician, even in Carthage. The name Hannibal of Carthage is ChanaBa'al exactly like Chananyah in Hebrew today. Only Difference is Hebrew uses Our G-ds name ending, Hannibal uses Ba'al, a Phoenician dirty, but completely understandable to a Hebrew speaker. But yeah the texts we have of Phoenician is understandable to a modern Hebrew Speaker.

[@mysteriousDSF]

You portray it like poor minority Arabic Muslim are going to be threatened by Aramaic revival, lol

[@marwansch2724]

Le liban n'etait jamais araméen !! D'apres les libanais, ils sont des phéniciens !!! Les araméens ce sont les syriens. Même c'est écrit dans la bible " Aram-Damas" Pourruez vous me donner un nom d'un village libanais parle l'araméen dans leurs vie quotidienne !!! Surement vous ne trouvez pas!!! NB le syriac viens de LA SYRIE

[@findolinfly]

You sound AI

[@findolinfly]

:D

[@BBarNavi]

If this was just a matter of wewuzzing and denying Arab identity, why stop at Aramaic? Why not go all the way to Phoenician Canaanite? The Aramaic heritage is already being kept by Assyrians and West Syriacs, whereas Maronites have not been speaking it for over a thousand years. Rather than exoticize it and treat it as some form of escape from Arabism, maybe just respect Aramaic and Neo-Aramaic dialects in their respective places?

[@rimacalid6557]

Dude basically it's Arabic. An evolved pokemon

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@rimacalid6557 Incorrect. Aramaic and Arabic are two separate languages. None evolved from the other.

[@mznxbcv12345]

The Aramaic word for God is "Alaha" too sounds familiar? Written without the confusing vowels it is written A-L-H ܐ ܠܗܐ (alap-lamed-he) as found in Targum or in Tanakh (Daniel, Ezra), Syriac Aramaic (Peshitta), reduced from the Arabic original (of which Aramaic is a dialect continuum as will be explained) it is written in the Arabic script 'A-L-L-H' (Aleph-Lam-Lam-Ha) add an A before the last H for vocalization. "Mother of God/Theotokos" title has been in use since the 3rd century, in the Syriac tradition (as Classical Syriac: ܝܠܕܬ ܐܠܗܐ, romanized: Yāldath Alāhā) in the Liturgy of Mari and Addai (3rd century) and the Liturgy of St James (4th century). That too is Arabic, Yaldath here is a mumbled Walydath (WALDH / والدة ), meaning mother of. Written with Y for obfuscation. The word God in another rendition in Hebrew ʾĕlōah is derived from a base ʾilāh, an Arabic word, written without confusing vowel it is A-L-H in the Arabic script, pronounced ilah not eloah. Hebrew dropped the glottal stop and mumbled it, aramic mumbled a little less and it became elaha. Infact both are written written A-L-H in Arabic, it is pronounced i in Arabic and not A because it is an Alef with hamza below (إ أ ) They are two different forms of Alef. And it mean "a god", it is the non definitive form of A-L-L-H, in which the Alef is without a glottal stop/hamza,(ا), but this kind of nuance is lost in the dialect continua. infact "YHWH" itself is an Arabic word as discussed by Professor. Israel Knohl (Professor of Biblical studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem) in the paper" YHWH: The Original Arabic Meaning of the Name." jesus as his name is often misspelled due to the lack of the ayin sound in Greek, which was rendered to Iesous, coupling the nearest sound to ayin, same letter found in 'Iraq', which sounds entirely different in Arabic form 'Iran' in Arabic, with the -ous Greek suffix that Greeks typically add to their names 'HerodotOS', 'PlotinUS', 'AchelOUS' and later mumbled into a J. The yeshua rendition of Isa (his name in the Qur'an) PBUH which is purported to be the name of Jesus is KNOWN to had been taken from greek. Western Syriac also use "Isho". Western Aramaic (separate from Syriac which is a dialect of Eastern Aramaic) use "Yeshu". Western Syriac has been separate from Western Aramaic for about 1000 years. And sounds don't even match up. Syriac is a Christian liturgical language yet the four letters of the name of Jesus «ܝܫܘܥ» [ = Judeo-Babylonian Aramaic: «ישוע» ] sounds totally different in West vs East Syriac, viz. vocalized akin to Christian Arabic, Hebrew, Aramaic «ܝܶܫܽܘܥ» (Yēšūʿ) in West Syriac, but pronounced more akin to Muslim Arabic Quran character name Isa in East Syriac «ܝܑܼܫܘܿܥ» (ʾĪšōʿ). The reason for this confusion is their dropping of phonemes. Only someone that has no idea what the letters are or how they sound would have a name ending in a pharyngeal fricative like the ayin, if it were to be used in a name it would have had to be in the beginning, thus the Arabic rendition is the correct one. An example in English is how the appended -d is a common error amongst the English pronouncing Gaelic names. The name Donald arose from a common English mispronunciation of the Gaelic name Donal. Just how it is with donal becoming donald and the two becoming distinct and the original being regarded as something seperate so too did Isa PBUH turn to Iesous turn to jesus and when they tried going back to the original they confused it for yeshua ( ysu is how it is actually written) for Isa PBUH ( 3'eysah ) Schlözer in his preparation for the Arabia expedition in 1781 coined the term Semitic language: "From the Mediterranean to the Euphrates, from Mesopotamia to Arabia ruled one language, as is well known. Thus Syrians, Babylonians, Hebrews, and Arabs were one people (ein Volk). Phoenicians (Hamites) also spoke this language, which I would like to call the Semitic (die Semitische)." -Before Boas: The Genesis of Ethnography and Ethnology in the German By Han F. Vermeulen. He was only half right though, Arabic is the only corollary to "proto-semitic", infact the whole semitic classification is nonsensical as will be shown. "protosemetic" Alphabet (28), Arabic Alphabet (28), Latin transliteration, hebrew (22) 𐩠 𐩡 𐩢 𐩣 𐩤 𐩥 𐩦 𐩧 𐩨 𐩩 𐩪 𐩫 𐩬 𐩭 𐩮 𐩰 𐩱 𐩲 𐩳 𐩴 𐩵 𐩶 𐩷 𐩸 𐩹 𐩺 𐩻 𐩼 ا ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن ه و ي A b t ṯ j h kh d ḏ r z s sh ṣ ḍ ṭ ẓ ʿ ġ f q k l m n h w y א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט י כ ל מ נ ס ע פ צ ק ר ש ת Merged phonemes in hebrew and aramaic: ح, خ (h, kh) merged into only kh consonant remain س, ش (s, sh) merged into only Shin consonant remaining ط, ظ (ṭ/teth, ẓ) merged into only ṭ/teth consonant remaining ص, ض (ṣ, ḍ/Tsad ) merged into only ḍ/Tsad consonant remaining ع, غ (3'ayn, Ghayn) merged into a reducted ayin consonant remaining ت, ث (t/taw, th) merged into only t/taw consonant remaining The reason why the protoS alphabet here is 28 and not 29, is because the supposed extra letter is simply a س written in a different position, but it was shoehorned to obfuscated. In Arabic letter shapes are different depending on whether they are in the beginning , middle or end of a word. As a matter of fact, all of the knowledge needed for deciphering ancient texts and their complexity was derived from the Qur'an. It was by analyzing the syntactic structure of the Qur'an that the Arabic root system was developed. This system was first attested to in Kitab Al-Ayin, the first intralanguage dictionary of its kind, which preceded the Oxford English dictionary by 800 years. It was through this development that the concept of Arabic roots was established and later co-opted into the term 'semitic root,' allowing the decipherment of ancient scripts. In essence, they quite literally copied and pasted the entirety of the Arabic root. Hebrew had been dead, as well as all the other dialects of Arabic, until being 'revived' in a Frankensteinian fashion in the 18th and 19th centuries. The entire region spoke basically the same language, with mumbled dialect continuums spread about, and Arabic is the oldest form from which all these dialects branched off. As time passed, the language gradually became more degenerate, Language; When one looks at the actual linguistics, one will find that many were puzzled by the opposite, that is, how the other "semetic" languages were more "evolved" than Arabic, while Arabic had archaic features, not only archaic compared to bibilical Hebrew, Ethiopic, "Aramaic" contemporary "semetic" languages, but even archaic compared to languages from ancient antiquity; Ugaritic, Akkadain. What is meant here by Archaic is not what most readers think, it is Archaic not in the sense that it is simple, but rather that it is complex (think Latin to pig Latin or Italian or Old English, which had genders and case endings to modern English), not only grammatically, but also phonetically; All the so called semitic languages are supposed to have evolved from protosemetic, the Alphabet for protosemitic is that of the so called Ancient South Arabian (which interestingly corresponds with the traditional Arabic origins account) and has 28 Phonemes. Arabic has 28 phonemes. Hebrew has 22, same as Aramaic, and other "semitic" languages. Now pause for a second and think about it, how come Arabic, a language that is supposed to have come so late has the same number of letters as a language that supposedly predates it by over a millennium (Musnad script ~1300 BCE). Not only is the glossary of phonemes more diverse than any other semitic language, but the grammar is more complex, containing more cases and retains what's linguists noted for its antiquity, broken plurals. Indeed, a linguist has once noted that if one were to take everything we know about languages and how they develop, Arabic is older than Akkadian (~2500 BCE). And then the Qur'an appeared with the oldest possible form of the language thousands of years later. This is why the Arabs of that time were challenged to produce 10 similar verses, and they couldn't. People think it's a miracle because they couldn't do it, but I think the miracle is the language itself. They had never spoken Arabic, nor has any other language before or since had this mathematical precision. And when I say mathematical, I quite literally mean mathematical. Now how is it that the Qur'an came thousands of years later in an alphabet that had never been recorded before, and in the highest form the language had ever taken? The creator is neither bound by time nor space, therefore the names are uttered as they truly were, in a language that is lexically, syntactically, phonemically, and semantically older than the oldest recorded writing. In fact, that writing appears to have been a simplified version of it. Not only that, but it would be the equivalent of the greatest works of any particular language all appearing in one book, in a perfect script and in the highest form the language could ever take. It is so high in fact, that it had yet to be surpassed despite the fact that over the last millennium the collection of Arabic manuscripts when compared on word-per-word basis in Western Museums alone, when they are compared with the collected Greek and Latin manuscripts combined, the latter does not constitute 1 percent of the former as per German professor Frank Griffel, in addition all in a script that had never been recorded before. Thus, the enlightenment of mankind from barbarism and savagery began, and the age of reason and rationality was born from its study. God did bring down the Qur’an, Mohamed is his Messenger.

[@jesseklaver8905]

It’s just called language

[@Lagolop]

Aramaic and Hebrew are almost the same. Both are used in Jewish religious books.

[@crazyspider17]

Phoenician and Hebrew yes, Hebrew and Aramaic not so much. don't get me wrong they're extremely similar but they're not mutually intelligible, if you don't believe me I recommend you open the Book of Daniel, after the narrator says "וַיְדַבְּרוּ הַכַּשְׂדִּים לַמֶּלֶךְ, אֲרָמִית" it gets very "confusing" (completely unintelligible unless you know Aramaic)

[@user-ok7of7uv2s]

Not only books, the Syrian Christians are an offshoot of the Jews and still speak Aramaic. The Jews from Kurdistan speak Aramaic.

[@Lagolop]

@@user-ok7of7uv2s Yes of course all the first Christians were religious Jews in fact.

[@Lagolop]

@@crazyspider17 I saw Hebrew and Aramaic speakers on a linguistic channel being able to quite easily communicate. God bless Israel :)

[@tyrone2127]

@@crazyspider17 It's pretty cool to see how similar Biblical Aramaic is to Hebrew. Trying to read parts of the Talmud and a lot of Neo-Aramaic, I feel lost and just recognize roots more than anything. I'm just a Hebrew learner, not fluent.

[@sayhello-v2l]

what a stupid question ! Aramaic has been continuously used since its evolutionary creation by millions of people around the world, jews use it regularly as they have texts in the language and there are many people in israel that use it daily

[@Patrick.Khoury]

@@sayhello-v2l My question was "did Aramaic die in Lebanon", not in Israel.

[@amIsraelHai-b7k]

Could you please make a video about the similarities between the languages ​​Hebrew, Aramaic, Phoenician and Arabic (or some of them) or the stages of their development and differentiation from each other Love watching your videos from Israel