Did Human Error Lead to the Loss of HMNZS Manawanui? Court Of Inquiry Reveals Its Interim Findings

[@26betsam]

Retired airline/USAF pilot here. One of the big lessons that got pounded in ones head early on was if the airplane's not doing what you want it to do turn the auto pilot off. Manually fly the airplane. May have saved the ship.

[@christopherclayton8577]

This rings true.

[@k53847]

Children of the Magenta Line. "Automation dependent crews, lacking confidence in their own ability to fly an airplane, are turning to the autopilot in an attempt to resolve a deteriorating situation and instead of saving them the autopilot kills them."

[@wyldhowl2821]

Yeah, gotta train that into every scenario until it is almost a reflex.

[@ralphebrandt]

Turning off an automated system woudl have saved a lot of lives and 2 737 max

[@SteamCrane]

​@@k53847 Series of lectures by the late Captain Warren VanderBurgh, American Airlines. Informative and entertaining.

[@AdBass59]

I worked as Captain of a cable ship stationed in Samoa for 2 years very close to where this occurred. I worked in close proximity to the reefs in Samoa and other Islands in the region. We used Dynamic Positioning when working in close proximity to the reefs and navigational hazards. We also had higher manning levels and ran in manual steering when in close proximity and not using DP. The reason for this was precisely to prevent incidents like this. Also, when working in close proximity to hazards we would do so at slower speeds so that if something would happen reaction time is extended. These are just a few examples of what sort of things should have been in this vessel's standing orders and operational directives. Realize also, that commercial vessels operate with far fewer personnel resources than naval vessels. It does not appear that the proximity to hazards was factored into how that vessel was operated.

[@stewatparkpark2933]

Would the Captain be on the bridge when operating this close to reef and shore ?

[@AdBass59]

@@stewatparkpark2933 Not necessarily, because on an extended project the captain cannot be there 24 hours a day. That being said there should have been procedures in place for those sorts of conditions, with detailed standing orders, and night orders spelling out what measures to take, when they are to be implemented, and when to call for assistance. They usual include words similar to "Call me any time you need assistance, or you are in doubt".

[@terrybrown8539]

@@AdBass59 Looking at the captain's disclosed recent naval record I remain surprised that she would have this very senior command in a small navy - this is a complex vessel requiring very high standards of command and control. This apparent lack of understanding in respect of control functions mimics the recent ferry grounding incident where a NZ crew didn't know how to turn off the autopilot. This is a concern - I expect crews at this level to know their roles and how their vessel is controlled yet a potentially casual approach to seamanship appears to be a factor in both incidents. Minister Collins won't need to admonish me as I'm asking questions rather than making statements.

[@AdBass59]

@@terrybrown8539 A lot of modern commercial vessels are like this. On some that I have worked on we have attempted to reduce the chance for errors by composing well thought out instruction cards, having them laminated, and posting them near the control stations for how to engage propulsion, steering and how to switch from Manual Operation Mode, DP Mode and Autopilot Mode, as well as transferring between stations. On some vessels, switching modes or stations may require you to disable and re-enable thrusters, or they may need to be facing a certain direction, or transfer may not occur if the control levers are positioned for any amount of thrust at all. I find myself reviewing these instruction cards frequently just to keep them fresh in my mind. And of course, every vessel is different so what you have learned on one vessel may not necessarily apply to another one, even of the same class. In other words, the button pushing sequence might be slightly different. I worked on one vessel that had a fwd console and a steering console. If one transferred control between these two stations with the autopilot engaged, it could not be disengaged from the other station. it had to be transferred back to the station where command was initiated. This was later fixed. Until it was corrected, we had to post a sign warning about this and instruct all watch officers to disengage the autopilot when transferring stations. The moral of the story is that watch officers should drill and practice transferring stations and control modes and be familiar with the individual characteristics of their vessel. Also, when doing this in close quarters or near hazards the vessel should be slowed or even stopped in the event that any issues arise.

[@philipoakley5498]

@@AdBass59 Good points about how moding changes can get very complicated, and how easy it is to blame the operator rather than the designer and lack of human factors / failure mode input to the design.

[@MAGAeminem]

10 minutes is a LONG time to not realize the ship is on autopilot

[@zaffo757]

The Port Royal crew concurs.

[@ibubezi7685]

Watching 'Air crash Investigation/ Mayday', 'it happens'.... I don't understand why there is no (better) feedback that AP is on - other than some minor indicator-light in that overcrowded panel. Why not sound an alarm if someone tries to manually override the AP - asking for confirmation? Same on this ship, it seems. Not a pilot, not an engineer - just asking 'the obvious' (to me.....).

[@syjiang]

@@ibubezi7685 Human-machine interface is one of the most challenging problem to tackle. A lot of these issue identified, while seemingly obvious, are after the facts and hard to identify beforehand. Both Airbus and Boeing have audio/visual alerts for when autopilot switch off. However depending how it is implemented or the cognitive load on the pilot at the moment of the alert, the pilots could be overwhelmed and not processed the alert in their head despite seeing and hearing it. There are no confirmation step to avoid delay in surrendering manual control to the aviator during emergency, but both manufacturers produces audible alert and visual indicators that AP is turned off when pilot manipulates control.

[@MerchantMarineGuy]

How many hours of HR training did the crew receive compared to shiphandling and familiarization prior to the accident?

[@Islandwaterjet]

@@MerchantMarineGuy We can be sure there is a unlimited DEI budget. Always is.

[@karlbrundage7472]

This is a huge black eye for the RNZ Navy. I was 19 years old when I qualified as Helmsman/Planesman aboard a nuclear-powered fast-attack submarine. In order to get that qualification I had to be able to describe in detail all of the systems and components that were at work when I moved the ship's rudder, bow and stern planes. I had to be familiar with normal operation, emergency operation and last-resort operation. I also had to demonstrate proficiency in major casualties, such as an uncontrolled depth- excursion or loss of control of a dive plane or rudder, including both corrective actions and mitigating actions. That this crew had no idea of even what mode of operation they were in is horrifying. Heads need to roll...............

[@johnnykrauze]

Really, or did the crew let her control the ship in the way she saw fit.

[@DonaldAtherton-l7u]

100%

[@johneyton5452]

She'll probably get an award. This is nz we're talking about here.

[@nickdubil90]

​@@johnnykrauze why would the captain intentionally ground her own ship? For one, the captain is almost never going to be the helmsman, or the "driver", controlling the ship. Much more likely, I think the bridge was left almost empty, with maybe a trainee or inexperienced crew member at the helm. When that helmsman raised the alarm that they could no longer control the ship, they probably did not accurately describe their previous actions or the state of the ship to the crew members coming to assist. Maybe there was only 2-3 qualified helmsmen onboard the ship in-total, maybe one of those was in the WC (head). 😂 Speculation, but seems a reasonable assumption to me. But still, to let the bridge crew get into this state in the first place, that's a big black mark on the captain. That is literally her job: to make sure qualified people are doing what they need to do aboard the ship.

[@kskeel1124]

The RNZ navy chose DEI instead of merit in its recruitment and officer corp...

[@cyrillawless]

It wasn’t errors it was incompetence

[@briansatchell2319]

And a * group* of Giggle Girls all Hugging each other?

[@ysesq]

totally dumb bridge crew led by a schoolteacher who couldnt steer straight.

[@rickastleysrevenge3258]

Dei

[@pgreen8531]

Total incompetence 😮😮

[@wolfscorogardens6098]

@@ysesq she wasn’t straight 🤷‍♂️🤷‍♂️

[@stephenmelton2532]

KZbin has to be one of the greatest inventions in human history. I live in Colorado and don’t know anyone in the maritime industry. I might meet one person like Sal in my lifetime but I can sit here and pick Sal’s mind a couple times a week. Awesome!

[@ralphebrandt]

I would second that. Sal is one of the more dybamic speakers of the ones I watch regularly, i look for people who have cracked a few eggs (done something) and watch them. Some of them are not impressive speakers, one in particular I am thinking of but knows a ton about soil and rock foundation work is Casey Jones. One is a gal who fixes small engine items. Sal and one he mentions here, Captain M?? are the best i have seen on maratime. They both have their areas of expertise and stay well in them.

[@wgowshipping]

Thank you so much!

[@Inkling777]

I agree 100%. The source material on KZbin varies from awful to marvelous, but we have a choice which we watch. Choose well, and the result is far better than the manicured, teleprompter readers on network television.

[@moleisrich1]

Hello Sal, good show!

[@ralphebrandt]

@@Inkling777 Amen.

[@CaptainJerry-]

I am a Hawes Piper. 95% of my licenesed time at sea was navigating survey vessels. Z-PODS, Wheel and Rudder, Variable pitch steering systems.I can't remember a time with any of these that I was not on the Iron Mike during a survey. Today's auto pilots on survey ships, no matter the steering surfaces, wil make your turns, follow the track line and compensate for set and drift. I was taught (also trained my mates and helm operators) to always check the auto pilot FIRST if you don't see the bow or compass swinging after a manual wheel/Z-POD input. The track that you showed in this video tells me someone wanted to try and manually steer the ship. After the turn to the west, they got so far off the next survey line that the auto pilot was engaged to regain the survey line. (You can tell this because of the different colors of the trackline showing the multi-beam sonar depth data). Also, when comming off auto pilot be sure the helm order is at 0 degrees so you don't have an unwanted turn. Continuing on 340T is the confusing part. Was it chow relief time and an improper turn over? Was the status board not updated? In the S. hemisphere it would have been dark.

[@mitchellvangrieken3900]

Do the pods act as a rudder, when you're making headway but have taken the power off? I.e is that a way to steer the ship in an emergency?

[@trelkel3805]

1800 is dinner time but it seems crazy that they would rotate during maneuvers like that.

[@kevinbarry71]

A series of human errors. That is a nice way of saying, staggering incompetence. Or, putting people in charge who have no business being there

[@lyricallyunwaxable1234]

Yep. Ask the lying horse who blessed the ship

[@jasperhorace7147]

@@lyricallyunwaxable1234 The cowardly one who bolted leaving us all these problems?

[@RamonInNZ]

If that is the case it would then aim the issues above the crew of the ship. I believe there is a problem in our Navy which is also acerbated by lack of budget - not buying a full navigation suite intended for this style of ship. May be the bridge offices and captain are going to wear this one

[@RamonInNZ]

@@lyricallyunwaxable1234 ???

[@drphilgee6430]

She was busy getting her nails done ok...

[@lawman5511]

My understanding is that during her 30 years career in the Royal Navy, she was mostly in administrative roles. Never commanding a ship. And RNZ Navy was more than delighted to take the aging Commander on board to give her first command. Hey, the ship isn’t turning. What should we do?

[@mariusvanc]

The very first thing you check on an airliner when it's not responding to manual inputs, is whether you're on autopilot.

[@kskeel1124]

They should have performed a powerful Haka dance to intimidate the ship into complying with their command inputs...

[@mediocreman2]

She would have done a great job commanding an Excel spreadsheet I bet.

[@geoffhoutman1557]

You should see her in meetings- world class!

[@shmayazuggot8558]

Was not in RNZ navy for that long, imported from the UK and promoted to Commodore faster than anyone else in RNZ history!!!

[@ShaighJosephson]

This is a result of putting administrative personel in charge of a ship with no experience... The incompetence of this decision goes straight to the top... 💥

[@robcompton5034]

DEI hire $100 million disaster

[@marclandreville6367]

AFAIK, she had been a tactical systems commander on a RN warship. A bit more than qualified than an office pencil pusher. However, no bridge experience it seems, before being assigned master of this ship. I agree, a $100 million DEI disaster. Amazing that there were no RNZN naval officers qualified for the job, whereupon they had to look at someone in the UK. Directly her fault, as the captain is always responsible but really, a policy blunder on the part of NZ politicians, who are pushing this nonsense.

[@SkandiaAUS]

​@@robcompton5034 calling it DEI is lazy and won't solve anything. It also shows what a stupid dickhead you are, added bonus.

[@butchphillips873]

@@marclandreville6367 What were the "tactical systems commander" system experience on the RN warship?

[@GreyDingo]

Absolutely.

[@redjacc7581]

The only question that needs to be answered is WHY did no one know that the auto pilot wasnt switched off?

[@ThatOpalGuy]

because it is ALWAYS someone else's responsibility.

[@johnmarks227]

And they made two previous turns.

[@SerendipityChild]

Hopefully the answer will result in a more human-centric design of this kind of control panel. It should have been obvious, not something that had to be figured out. When you're headed straight at a reef you don't need to be solving a puzzle. For example, all the lights change colour when you're manual vs auto. Or, when the asipods are locked, the asipod knobs should physically lock too. There could be an error sound when the controls are moved but the autopilot is on. It could literally say "autopilot engaged", or a ! Sound and a light flashing next to "autopilot engaged".

[@ibubezi7685]

@@SerendipityChild Your and my comment..... 'serendipity'!

[@SerendipityChild]

@@ibubezi7685 haha. Very good

[@charlesvane967]

Great video Sal. One quick point. The survey team onboard the vessel are part of the Hydrographic Branch of the RNZN. They carry out the survey tasks onboard the vessel, not civilians. The civilians who were onboard the vessel at the time of the incident were scientists/ technicans from the weather station on Raoul Island (Kermadec Islands) who had been uplifted from the island and were being taken back to NZ.The RNZN regularly services the Island with supplies and staff rotations.

[@wgowshipping]

Charles...thanks for the clarification.

[@MikeShen11]

If memory serves me right, this is the second time in recent history that a New Zealand ship has run aground due to autopilot, unbelievable

[@paulmcneil9971]

Indeed, a Cook Strait ferry did something similar only a few months earlier. It had just returned to service after a refit including a new autopilot system I believe. Due to lack of training the crew did not know how to turn off the autopilot which had wrongly initiated a turn early. They hit the off button and nothing happened, not realising this button had to be held down for 5 seconds to disengage. At least the crew killed the ships speed so that the grounding was at low speed and the nature of the land was favourable. You have to wonder if the bridge crew did know about this incident but failed to recognise the similarities.

[@JeremySayers38]

Is autopilot another name for female captain DEI?

[@MissPerpul]

​​@@JeremySayers38Mummy issues much!?

[@HandSolitude]

They kept the captain of the Aratere ferry a secret. Could be another DEI hire?

[@julianprice1587]

​@@HandSolitudeactually we call that ship the Aratanic.

[@johnofnz]

There was a checklist for the fault they thought they were experiencing, the first thing on that list was to check the autopilot - And they never consulted the checklist.

[@karlbrundage7472]

And in the US Navy (Submarine Force, at least) we literally took a dump using a checklist.

[@stewatparkpark2933]

They didn't know that there was a check list .

[@simonkevnorris]

They thought they knew better and didn't use the checklist.

[@batboy555]

​@karlbrundage7472 surface destroyer guy here. But my immediate and controlling actions were memorized. I liked to read it every watch too.

[@riley-arr-g]

That would be mansplaining.....

[@meofnz2320]

Eerily similar to the grounding of the NZ interisland ferry Awatere earlier this year. A waypoint sequence got mixed up and the crew didn’t know you had to hold the button down for five seconds to disconnect the AP. Oof…

[@mikegallegos7]

I was US Navy and was once assigned to an incident review group and our focus was to first find and prove the path that led to the incident. It is a detailed, laborious, meticulous research efforts requiring long, long hours, hundreds of pages of documentation with citations, photos, depositions, witness interviews - it is an extensive and thorough process and usually thoroughly exhausting in methods and energy. Appreciate your videos; Thank you very much. edit: I realized I was not being clear as to what I meant to state in the above: I appreciate the detail you reveal through your professional thoroughness, Sir.

[@LilStoops]

Apparently disciplinary action is now about to applied. I wonder how holistic that will be, or will be some lowly male pleb that is most politically expedient.

[@myexpressways4106]

Thanks, Sal. You have informed us of so many aspects of this unique ship's mechanisms. Your explanations are clear and comprehensible for the layman and/or landlubbers who view your channel. Regardless of comments I have seen, you place no unwarrented blame until all relevant information is revealed. I appreciate the depth of your knowledge and the breadth of your wisdom.

[@wgowshipping]

Many thanks!

[@LaurenGlass-i7x]

All I can say is you really said it just right! He is all that and more. Thank you, Sal.

[@CaptainBanjo-fw4fq]

Agreed, thank you. Kept to the facts without going over your skis.

[@steve1978ger]

Back in 2015, the offshore supply vessel "Red7 Alliance" ran into one of the lock gates in the Kiel Canal, putting the lock out of action for three weeks. The bridge crew got confused about the mode their azipod controls were set to - about what putting the azipod levers down means, when the levers are rotated by 180°. They intended to stop but accelerated into the lock gate.

[@kennethhanes5438]

That’s a control design failure the control you touch should literally tell you where it is at all times by design same reason you don’t turn a dial for your engines rpm, this is likely a auto pilot design failure you should be told if it’s on auto pilot at the controls

[@jackdeniston6150]

Thank you

[@davidboskett5581]

This came only months after a ferry in the Cook Strait ran aground because the crew did not know how to turn off the auto-pilot

[@SteamCrane]

I watched the 360 video from 5 years ago, when she was nearly ready, "Take a 360° Tour - HMNZS Manawanui - 8K". Conducted by the original captain. Really nice looking ship, moon pool, decompression chamber, ROV, the crane is heavy and can go deep. The scary part, 2 of the 4 diesels are "World leading green diesel electrics", and they normally operate the ship on just 2 engines. That calls into question whether the non-green engines would be maintained and available if the 2 green ones choked.

[@bogenious8474]

Nice explanation , It`s a military ship , the buck stops with the Captain

[@ralphebrandt]

Used to be the captain went down with his ship.

[@WALTERBROADDUS]

That is a bit over simplistic. We don't even hold Joe Biden to that standard.

[@ralphebrandt]

@@WALTERBROADDUS We should

[@david7384]

​@@WALTERBROADDUSidiotic comment

[@WALTERBROADDUS]

@ralphebrandt well, Mr Ray-Ban is going to slide off into history back to Delaware. 😎

[@paulellison-np3lx]

Here is some background. NZ sent out a request for quotation (I think in 2015) for a bespoke design and build before they bought this particular ship. The project was called LOSC and I was involved in designing a ship to the RNZN requirement. There were a couple of things that stand out in my memory about the project. The first was the confusion in the requirements for damage stability between a commercial standard and a defence standard, with the defence standard being more onerous. The RNZN prefered the latter because it aligned with their damage control philosophy but it was incompatible with their desire for a commercial ship design on cost grounds. The second was concerning the Bridge system, the requirement was pushing for DP3 with DP2 being a minimum. I had a problem with the interpretation of this. The bridge system proposed which judging from what I have seen so far is the same as the ill fated HMNZS Mananawaui is not compatible with normal Naval bridge operation. I raised this at the time and had a massive argument with the lead engineer. During the design development our team went to Norway and I was able to play with the bridge simulator in an attempt to allay my fears. Shortly afterwards NZ decided to buy a second hand vessel and our invovement in the project stopped. The reason for this was obvious as a new build ship to their requirement was too expensive. My concerns about the bridge operation really didn't change though. The design of these sort dynamic control bridges doesn't align with naval operating heirarchy, which tends to have a junior sailor on the helm and levers and a officer responsible for situational awareness standing back in supervision giving orders. As I suspected when I sat on the simulator the bridge was designed for the helmsman to have total control over all manouvering. So in Naval operating terms this means the Officer should sit on the helm or the junior sailor needs to have comprehensive training to control the ship. The RNZN is a very small Navy and this ship was unique in its operation. I don't think it would be a stretch of the imagination for someone to get confused when placed under pressure and once the first mistake was made the lack of familiarity led to compounding errors resulting in loss of control of the situation. Would the Naval damage stability standard made much difference once the vessel grounded? maybe, but we won't know until the full report is released.

[@SteamCrane]

This post from somebody involved in the design and selection needs to be elevated and pinned!

[@JaittPenguin]

Thanks. As a kiwi its good to get more detail..... thanks

[@adrianmotet5083]

In NZ we only get the single source of truth version and also our totally unbiased media. Not much homegrown expert impartial analysis

[@gregcollins7602]

I live on the flatlands of the Llano Estacado of Texas. Its has been described as a sea of grass, flat and featureless as the ocean. Its 300+ miles to the sea. Why do i love this channel so much?

[@wgowshipping]

Thanks Greg!

[@NavyDocHM3]

Sal- when crap hits the screws, you are the only dude I want at the helm. I appreciate your reporting, plus your candor and logic on these matters. I'm probably one of many who are “nautically challenged” and rely on you for legitimate feedback. Yes- I was a Navy Hospital Corpsman, but I never had the a honor of being onboard sea-going vessel - I was working with the USMC, so thank you! -Doc L., VA

[@brunonikodemski2420]

Great rewording of the Fan Spray.

[@andrewmacdonald8076]

Thanks again for extensive analysis 🥝🇳🇿

[@John-ih2bx]

Mr. Mercogliano, this is yet another great video/presentation of yours. You stayed out of the hornets' nest, and was very professional. You mentioned the lack of specifics in the findings, and that the five contributing factors of the incident, as indicated in the report, is the responsibility of the Captain. Therefore, IMO, a court-martial should be conducted. Thank you for your beautiful explanation of the propulsion systems, and how controlled, both the azipods and bow thrusters. Whenever I watch one of your videos, I learn. You obviously know more about the navigation of the ship the personnel of Manawanui.. This demonstrates both your abilities, and the lack of the abilities of the Captain and crew. Any military personnel can be in the uniformed services for 30 years. Doesn't mean they are qualified to run a ship. I once met an Admiral ... she was giving a speech at my son's Jr. ROTC ceremony ... she was a dentist in the USN. Hopefully she is not commanding a ship in any navy. The officer that was CO of that Jr. ROTC had two tours in Vietnam. I only knew that because I had lunch with him during an air rifle competition when the boys were having fun at a game arcade. He had never told the boys. He was a modest USN officer. IMO, DEI is infecting so many countries. Advancement in any company/service should be done based upon qualifications/experiences/achievements. Thank you for the professional video.

[@robinvonderwache6872]

What I find a bit strange is the fact that the autopilot is not automaticly overruled by manual inputs from the thruster controls. Even when you are in autoposition at a oilrig in the northsea you must be able to panic input a new steering or thruster command while in auto. Even your cruisecontrol in your car will be cancelled by you pressing the brake. I bet something like this is implemented in the autopilot of the ship.

[@wyldhowl2821]

Or at least triggering a really loud obvious prompt telling crew members what mode they are in (and therefore why it does not respond). Anyways, see my other comment.

[@CaptainJerry-]

This is an old hold over from ruddered ships. If you kick off the auto pilot the rudder command from the wheel is inputted. If the wheel is hard over for some reason and you don't catch it, the ship will make a rapid unwanted turn.

[@Speargrass2015]

You take the vessel out of DP and go onto manual sticks or in this case turn off the autopilot. Very quick and simple its just a couple of buttons

[@2adamast]

I guess that's what happened, sailors thinking they could handle a ship because they can handle a car.

[@Offy69]

Hi Sal. My brother is ex RAN and I'm ex Marine engineering\Deep sea fishermen in NZ. We are both totally shocked at the lack of training and incompetency that lead to this disaster. We need a full overhaul from the top of the Navy down. For the Bridge crew to have limited understanding of the vessel controls is an embarrassment to New Zealand and the Navy..the oldest service in New Zealand.

[@olliefoxx7165]

Agreed. New Zealand is a seafaring nation. There's no excuse for not having well trained sailors. New Zealand has a long history of fine sailors. There is a core available from which to pull qualified people.

[@MichaelLaw-t1c]

​@@olliefoxx7165there was competent expertise available.however to fill theses roles they obviously didn't meet DEI criteria, ie. A female lesbian or gay transgender considering thier ethnicity and quota in accordence to thier diversity LGBTQ and any other alphabet letter you wish to have ,policy. The RNZN went WOKE, now it is BROKEN. They navy is accountable under the work place safety legislation. It will go all the way to the top Admirals and governing body.(refer ports of Auckland CEO conviction 12/2024)

[@seanodwyer4322]

@@MichaelLaw-t1c also crew were not expert Haka performers .

[@rednaughtstudios]

Minor quibble. RNZN only came into being in 1941 and before that there was the NZ squadron of the RN. So it could be argued the NZ Army is the senior service in NZ.

[@graemeridge]

thank you for clearing this up as we where not told much

[@PowhiroMus]

Very informative as usual Sal. A couple of points; 1. There was no mention of the captain being on the bridge at the time but civilian survey personnel were there, in the 22 hour survey. So changes of watch, changes of crew so close to land and reefs? 2. The ship was NZ's naval presence near Samoa when the Commonwealth Heads of Governments met in Samoa, including the new British king, so the ship's deployment added the opportunity to include a survey, presumably badly needed. NZ has maritime responsibility, primarily for search and rescue but also security (somewhat) over the very vast area of the South Pacific from island nations like Samoa down to Antarctica. Plus of course, if the British king is involved, naval, air and land assets would be involved. 3. I liked your description and detail of the azipod system and DPS, in particular the bow thrusters and the silent additional bow propulsion thruster. The Navy admiral mentioned the ship speeding up from the survey speed of 6 knots after the crew reversed the azipods, presumably by rotating the pods 180 degrees. So after this the ship surged to 10 knots, counterintuitive unless as the admiral stated, the Autopilot reacted to get the ship back into heading and correct set position by what? Deploying the bow propulsion pod at full power and denying the increased thrust ordered on the rear main azipods? It is simply mind-numbing what a SNAFU and demonstration of incompetence, poor training and poor judgement this was. Just so dumb! Very embarrassing for the Royal NZ Navy captained by a veteran former Royal Navy officer in front of the Commander of the Royal Navy, King Charles III, and the Leaders of all the Commonwealth countries of the former huge British Empire! Can you imagine the toasts in Navy bars around the World?

[@wgowshipping]

Excellent points. The issue about King Charles III was mentioned during the press conference and I referred to in my first video on the ship.

[@drphilgee6430]

Captain was busy getting her nails done...ok

[@whya2ndaccount]

Sal, Thanks for the update. I suspect those questions weren't asked in the press conference as most media outlets these days don't have a dedicated "Defence Correspondent" let alone a dedicated "Defence - Maritime Domain Correspondent". In a small country like NZ the reporters were probably covering Rugby yesterday and were then told to attend the press conference.

[@kevint1910]

naa they knew EXACTLY what questions NOT to ask in fact the prime minister came out right after the accident and made it clear any actual questions about the failures of command that contributed were not simply unwelcome but possibly criminal.

[@FrankBarnwell-xi8my]

Good afternoon Sal. Thanks for the NZ update.

[@TheBelrick]

NZ Government engaged in a conspiracy to coverup the true cause of the disaster. We know this because their first response was to shift all blame away from the captain and crew rather than telling the public that they are investigating. Governments need to fear public backlash lest this Evil continue

[@AlexMcNZ]

New Zealander here, this is EXACTLY the kind of thing we expect from literally every government department here. Noone would even bat an eye to this, you could crash one of our airforce planes into the airport terminal and everyone would just laugh and go "ahh that wacky defence force 😂"

[@bobkoroua]

Totally not true.

[@gunt-her]

@@bobkoroua I'm also a New Zealander. It is true. I'm not surprised by this either.

[@bobkoroua]

@@gunt-her You clearly don't know anything about our Air force. It is of the highest standard, and regularly wins the international competitions it enters. It's just absurd to talk like this clown did. Sort of thing the Russians pay people to say to destroy the morale of a country. You could always get off your arse and enlist. Unfortunately it would require you to learn to make your bed every day.

[@un1r1gltd]

Hey Sal. the DGPS system on that vessel was very problematic. It never worked correctly since the re-commissioning to RNZN. There were also constant power loss problems. the containers on deck were aux generators to try and supply back up power to propulsion. It was a mash up of various systems and no surprise in the Navy that this accident happened.

[@SteamCrane]

Trying to be cheap is expensive. I wonder whether part of the problem was the replacement of the ship's original 4 diesels with Green Certified units (see the 360 degree ship's tour).

[@marclandreville6367]

If this were the case, and it was, it was up to the captain to acknowledge the issues, fix them and mitigate the rest. That wasn't done, obviously. there were more that one person on the bridge, and it wasn't the issue of a one person brain fart. The lack of training was systemic if nobody up there had a clue.

[@olliefoxx7165]

New Zealand spent $100 million dollars on a ship that needed extra generators just to maintain power?! How can they be so incompetent? There has to be some graft going on to put such a pos into service.

[@markyuresko1346]

@@SteamCraneoooh! That sounds quite stylish

[@gunt-her]

They overpaid for that vessel quite badly too, no excuses for things not to be working. The problem comes from the very top.

[@DavidSullivan-ot4or]

Excellent summary. Having spent many hours as Watch Officer and Captain in near coastal navigation, I can absolutely relate to the stress and rapidly disintegrating situation on the bridge. The RNZN Admiral hit the nail on the head. This is a training and bridge culture problem. Perhaps they were so used to operating in close proximity to navigational hazards, in this case the reef, that they became too comfortable. It will be interesting to hear the VDR recording.

[@austingtir]

Nope, they just put a DEI hire lesbian in charge. "The error occurred in translation of Te reo into lesbian , causing an entanglement of the tongue."

[@SteamCrane]

In aviation, especially airliners, when you are on autopilot and start making control inputs, the autopilot kicks off with a loud warning sound. Why not here?

[@JN-om6rw]

Another thing - you should never put a vessel into a situation where you cannot retreat from

[@bobcornford3637]

You'd never get into port

[@lyricallyunwaxable1234]

​@@bobcornford3637It tried to retreat from anemone attack but was sunk.

[@dingodog5677]

If they turned the autopilot off in the first turn, how, when and why did it get turned back on, only for the crew to forget it was on again?

[@dmitripogosian5084]

More of a question is not even the first turn, but who did they turn into 340, and then were able to what, put back autopiliot, forget about it, and be unable to get off 340 ?

[@davehall44]

Sounds like someone engaged the autopilot by mistake without informing the others .

[@greyjay9202]

Lack of training and experience, and that old problem of "deer in the headlights." People panic, freeze, lose situational awareness, and things go downhill very fast.

[@SerendipityChild]

There are ways to make control panels more human-centric. If it had told them, rather than having to work it out while the reef is coming at them .. that seems important. For example, all the buttons have lights change colour when you're manual vs auto. Or, when the asipods are locked, the asipod knobs should physically lock too, so you can't believe you've reversed them when you haven't. There could be an error sound when the controls are moved but the autopilot is on. It could literally say "autopilot engaged", or a ! sound and a light flashing next to "autopilot engaged".

[@Islandwaterjet]

When a vessel is first delivered the yard does an outstanding job of familiarizing the crew with all the systems, the crew is handed many days even 2 months of training, they participate in the sea trials, tests, ect. But then that initial crew rotates out. Along comes the newjoiners. No training of any kind. No familiarization, no guidance. Most of the time it is a gangway handover. Never once, ever in my entire career at sea deckhand at age 12 to supertanker Master and then Superintendent have I ever received any kind of training whatsoever. Absolutely nothing. It is always and without exception being tossed into the deep end and let him figure it out for himself. Example my last assignment was as Superintendent and I asked to be sent on a 5 day OIM course. No go they would not spend a dime on training. Most if not all of you have experienced the same thing. There is no training.

[@josephpadula2283]

Training is a violation of Solas and IMO rules ! In the USA the implementing regulation is the Job Preservation Act of 1998 that clearly lays out that any training could lead to someone else taking your job and it to be avoided at all costs !

[@CaptainJerry-]

This is too true. I call it "watering down needed knowledge". The people you relieve only train you on the things important to them, they don't give you the whole picture. Gangway Turn over.

[@JeremySayers38]

How else can the boss blame you if it goes wrong due to them if you can answer back.

[@DanRyan-v5y]

Surely it would make sense , even for the company, to only do partial crew changes ,so as to have at least half a fully trained crew on board to pass on the knowledge, or is that wishful thinking?

[@DanRyan-v5y]

Surely it would make sense , even for the company, to only do partial crew changes ,so as to have at least half a fully trained crew on board to pass on the knowledge, or is that wishful thinking?

[@andrewtaylor940]

This should have everyone involved lose their jobs, up to and especially including Defense Minister Collins.

[@tiddleswozere5266]

Totally agree. Why is a politician in charge of the defence force? Wouldn't put her in charge of a rubber duck in a bath tub.

[@austingtir]

Yep collins should loose this portfolio for stating the crew did a great job before the investigation even took place. "The error occurred in translation of Te reo into lesbian , causing an entanglement of the tongue."

[@pdxRetired]

Thanks for the explanations. I can see how better planning and training could have avoided the loss of the ship. Hopefully lessons are learned, not just by New Zealand, but by everyone that operates vessels like this.

[@JamesSmith-ui2hv]

Well this time New Zealand is a real ''example to the world '' as they incessantly claim

[@SteamCrane]

Probably not.

[@bobosmith8012]

In the NZ Navy, as in most navies, there is a watch change at 1800, going from the first dog watch to the last dog watch, so this attempt at turning would have taken place 15 minutes into the new watch and may have been the first course change of the new watch. This raises questions about the handover of the watch and the briefing of the new watch given from the watch that was in charge from 1600 to 1800. There should have been a full change of bridge personnel at 1800, and the oncoming watch may not have been fully informed of the state of the ship, and it's steering settings.

[@SandPounder]

Cheers Sal for breaking down the political doublespeak. You mean to tell me that NZ's inadequacy in understanding autopilot, a feature that is meant to regain time for an operator, cost the New Zealand Public 6263498.92 hours worth of minimum wage? Aka 715 years or 1/3788.81th of the working age populace of NZ's time in a year. That's roughly equivalent to 263.93/1,000,000.

[@TheBelrick]

No not at all. Labour Government inclusionary hiring practices not only cost us enormous $$$ but also the loss of capabilities from our only dive and survey vessel. This is a massive disaster. Not including the harm to Samoan waters.

[@johneyton5452]

​@@TheBelrick well, at least Samoa got a nice artificial reef out of it.

[@TheBelrick]

@@johneyton5452 And leaking heavy fuel.

[@huangdingdong]

I'm living in NZ and can tell you that the big issue we've got here is with strategic misalignment in organisations. They'd rather train officers and ratings on woke nonsense than proper military training like how to control a vessel. They'll promote people based on how many DEI boxes they tick and competent people end up demoralised and leaving organisations. This problem is prolific in NZ state led organisations.

[@somerandomgoogleuser3374]

Absolutely the truth spoke there Dinga. It's absolutely rife in N.Z. presently.

[@dmitripogosian5084]

Is it actually DEI in NZ like in US ? In Canada it is EDI

[@MisterPerson-fk1tx]

​@@dmitripogosian5084Fellow Canukistani here. It's not just us and them, it seems that all the western developed nations are following a similar ideology. UK seems to be the worst of us all.

[@geoffhoutman1557]

Led by academia and the media, results in the public service thoroughly anti- meritocracy. A disaster like this could take 5-10 years to fix. Just embarrassing to be a Kiwi rn.

[@mahbriggs]

The US Navy has had some problems along those line too! The command structure was more worried about DEI than how to pilot the ship.

[@peterlloyd1434]

Great explanation of how the azipods work. Thanks.

[@wgowshipping]

Glad it was helpful!

[@tinacatharinaeden2711]

The explanation of azipods was first class. Thank you Sal. I always learn so much from your videos. ​@@wgowshipping

[@PaulKerr-g7y]

According to DNV, the HMNZS Manawanui was still classed as DP class 2 when it sank (DNV DYNPOS-AUTR, DNV ID# 24192, DP3 in DYNPOS-AUTRO). DP2 vessels are designed and tested to confirm they can survive a loss of half the power or thrusters, and have more protection against technical faults. The DP control system is capable of using autotrack to trace a precise sailing pattern on its own. Of course, if the crew operated everything in manual and autopilot, and got confused about the two, there is nothing the disabled DP controls can do.

[@zaffo757]

The newest New Zealand Navy submarine put into service Oct 5.

[@peterdixon-hughes7965]

Undersea autonomaus stationary drone, NZ navy is getting very sophisticated. Australian navy eat your hart out you may get one of these systems in 20, 30 years. 😂

[@gagamba9198]

@@peterdixon-hughes7965 Now isn't the time for gloating.

[@angusgow1887]

@@gagamba9198 As a New Zealand Tax payer he is being very mild to the outrage of the state of our navy

[@kimbryant-g7u]

My father ( a Pom ) worked for both the White Star Line and later Shaw Savill Line Travelled by ship a lot in my youth. I now live in New Zealand Sal. Thank you for the comprehensive detail in your reports. I have now forwarded this on to friends who are much better connected to NZ's political inner circles than I am. Hopefully this will lead to some astute questions that will bring the truth of this sinking to light. I understand more fully the term "the devil is in the detail'

[@MervynPartin]

Thank you, Sal. I have been waiting for an update on this incident and you have answered quite a few "Why didn't they do...." questions that I had in mind. I was not aware that the vessel had azipods.

[@triskeliand]

Well done. I shall see if I can't share this with our local news team and get them to interview your fine self.

[@timkohchi2048]

a fantastic overview of this incident, thank you Sal.. it seems the default absolutely should be that an attempt to manually control the azipods should override the autopilot. if maintaining autopilot is mission critical and an accidental input to the manual control would be really bad, then an alarm or clear warning that overriding requires an additional action is minimum safe practice. this sounds very similar to the MCAS system failure on the 737 max, at least no one was hurt or killed. P.S. sound is even better, good work Sal!!!

[@stevem048]

Great video Sal. I’m a little unclear how a trained crew would have such a poor understanding of their ships functions. It certainly seems like training was a major factor.

[@AllNighterHeider]

Excellent coverage as always. You're simply the best, better than all the rest!! Thanks Sal

[@wgowshipping]

Wow, thanks!

[@lrrp25]

Thank you for a clear assessment and for the remaining questions.

[@cynthiacarter9055]

When I saw there had been a news release I was excited to see what you'd say. This video taught me a lot more than just listening to the presser would have, particularly since I am not familiar with ships like this one. It is sad for the Samoans to have a wreck leaking fuel on one of their reefs, and for the New Zealanders whose national investment is now completely (ahem) sunk and wasted. It sounds like some folks need to suffer real consequences for this mess.

[@roberthuber7566]

So happy that you now have a podcast platform. I definitely enjoy listening while completing my daily tasks.

[@bobcornford3637]

Incompetence by the bridge team, for which the Captain is responsible.

[@geoffmckeown2236]

Your review is excellent, at the end of the day the commander is responsible . I think a court martial is in order

[@jasperhorace7147]

Won’t happen. She’s a lesbian.

[@alexcorke6716]

She's a woman and a lesbian so it's not going to happen

[@peredavi]

Unconscionable to lose a vessel like that from such obvious incompetence.

[@markazinker3212]

I have absolutely no idea what u are talking about but u explained this whole situation so thoroughly that I feel im an expert, great video, new here . VERY interesting!!

[@johnjon1823]

I hear that captain is getting a new job at either Boeing, or Jaguar, the opportunities in the beer industry being rather limited at this point.

[@charlestoast4051]

Yup, DEI hiring doesn't work!

[@deragoth4250]

@@charlestoast4051 that captain has been in the field long before dei was a concept. Gender never seems to be an issue in other major accident eg evergiven in the Suez or any other major plane, train accident. Indeed if we take gender into account, males drivers are 4 times more likely to be involved in a fatal car accident than a female. Should we restricts male from driving or force them to undergo a more rigorous learning and testing course?

[@Bristolcentaurus]

@@deragoth4250 just ban motor vehicles they kill more people than guns

[@rickastleysrevenge3258]

@@DMPB-fi2irdo you know what a run-on sentence is?

[@DMPB-fi2ir]

@@rickastleysrevenge3258 whine whine whine ..

[@Michael974100]

Thanks Sal for your usual clear and concise explanation of this event. Highly professional presentation.

[@zaffo757]

The US Navy had similar issues with the USS McCain. Despite being prop and rudder…the management system that ran the props and rudders was an interface few helm watch standers understood…much less the rest of the bridge officers.

[@saltymonke3682]

No, very different case. In McCain, her GPS was spoofed, and the helm thought they were in the correct position.

[@SteamCrane]

​@@saltymonke3682 Source for this info? The NTSB report on one of those 2 destroyer collisions (maybe Fitzgerald) described the sequence of crew mistakes about which of several control stations had control.

[@saltymonke3682]

@SteamCrane you won't find it on the NTSB report, but in the Black Sea alone, before those 3 incidents in the same year, there were 20 GPS spoof related incidents. Loos lips sink ships.

[@lisizecha9759]

Before that ship hit the Baltimore bridge, I was unaware that anything was going on in shipping at all Since then, I start my weekend with this channel and are quite amazed

[@wxx3]

Shouldn't the captain understand how to run the ship?

[@wgowshipping]

Not just the captain, but all the bridge watchstanders.

[@ThatOpalGuy]

we are getting a guy who doesnt know how to run a country. why should captains be any different?

[@zaffo757]

@@ThatOpalGuysuch a brilliant comment.

[@zaffo757]

@@wgowshippingbought a toy they didn’t understand. Same as the issues with the USS McCain

[@TheBelrick]

We see it in the corporate world. Put a toxic Karen in charge and the staff on down suffer as a result.

[@perryallan3524]

The Admirals summary is about all you ever get on a preliminary report. The final report will have the details you are looking for. When this happened I encouraged people to wait for the reports as all kinds of things could have explained the grounding. Now we know that it was at least largely human error (although there still might be some technical issue that was a "contributing factor." A possible example of that would be if the auto-pilot could not be programmed to do much of the survey course automatically, as you discussed.

[@petermacaulay3919]

What must be taken into consideration is the actual hours of DP experience of the officers onboard. It takes years to reach a proficient standard with such sophisticated vessels. Also how much ship handling experience did the watch officers have? I feel the only place to get adequate experience of such DP systems is in the commercial sector.

[@wgowshipping]

Agreed

[@dmitripogosian5084]

Yes, it seems some modern ships almost require professional helmsmans like planes require professional pilots. While a Navy usually has seamen coming and go

[@erpecom]

This sounds a bit like the sinking of HNoMS Helge Ingstad (2018). Trying to run a navy on the cheap but with grand aspirations is not a good idea. It often means that the equipment may be great but the training isn’t.

[@david7384]

yeah no amount of cash can fix diversity hiring you doof

[@Motumatai3]

Gidday Sal, although this is being touted as a Survey operation, the CHOGM event was just 2.5 weeks away. Only a few km from where the Manawnui was 'surveying'. The King of the UK was going to be there so the Manawanui would have been half full of SAS operatives, getting ready to do their recces of whatever they recce to provide protection and recovery of such high level dignitaries. That's why there were only 30ish sailors ever shown in photos of the crew ashore in the immediate aftermath, despite saying there were 77 pers on board. Whats going to come out of this is the shocking state of the entire NZ Defence Force. Multi generational underfunding of virtually all facets of the organisation. Pretty much ever since the Wall came down.

[@breft3416]

Nearly 50 years of austerity politics around the world. Austerity would be defined as sending money to profiteers and not spending it where it's needed.

[@TheBelrick]

DEI hires you mean. They are NOT competent and they ARE NOT equal nor qualified. From top to bottom, pen pushers to HR to lawyers to trainers to recruiters. All of our militaries have been poisoned with this nonsense. Get them out. Especially as our leaders have gone jingoistic/bellicose vs. militaries with no such poisons.

[@saltymonke3682]

​@breft3416 social welfare to the wrong people is always the cause

[@saltymonke3682]

SBS to be exact

[@huangdingdong]

​@@saltymonke3682 we don't have the SBS, that's the UK.

[@petersellers9219]

It really was human errors, really really really human errors Human and brave errors. Stunningly brave human errors

[@davidfuller851]

Thanks for clearing this up. Great detail

[@patrickshannon4854]

Whenever I wish to be realistically informed regarding naval matters, your channel is my automatic go-to just as with aviation it’s Blancolirio & Vasa aviation. Your videos are full of clearly explained technical matters easily understood by a layman.

[@jamestamu83]

Even a cookie dough mixer has a red "emergency stop" button. Had to believe that a trained crew couldn't figure out how to stop the ship. Complete INCOMPETENCE!!

[@TheGahta]

Did you just compare a household utility to a multi thousand ton piece of engineering? You aren't feeling a little bit stupid?

[@KonradTheWizzard]

On a complex machine, like a ship, the emergency stop button often gets you from a bad situation to a worse situation. It turns the entire machine OFF. It does not turn inertia off. That means you don't have any control over the vessel anymore, you don't have lights, you lose communication. But importantly: it continues to float towards the reef. I'll let you figure out why this is worse. This button exists to be able to remove energy from the machine when this energy is causing problems AND when inertia is less of a problem. In this case inertia and control were the problem, energy flow was fine.

[@phantomkate6]

It's a ship, not a land vehicle. It doesn't have brakes.

[@thechancellor3715]

​@@KonradTheWizzardTo me the issue which applies to any automated system headed for catastrophe,, should there be an emergency override to restore manual control....that leaves the pilot or helmsman to react using best judgement....as in any of the scenarios Sal outlined. Like cruise control in an automobile, car still moving along but now with a human at the controls. Tech that's at least 50-60 years old.

[@KonradTheWizzard]

@@thechancellor3715 Especially on expensive equipment there almost always is a way to regain manual control. In this instance it seems the officer of the watch did not know how to do this.

[@lukasvisagie9513]

The grounding of the InterIslander ferry Aratere in June 2024 also involved problems with the autopilot being in operation and the crew not realising it. Perhaps NZ seafarers need some extra training to help them come to grips with this automated stuff.

[@DeaconBlu]

Great vid Sal! Question… You state that the ships master was/is a 30yr RN veteran. In what capacity? Meaning, was she a Capt. or XO, or what? Simply because you were Royal Navy for 30 years doesn’t nessacarily make you qualified to command a vessel of Any kind. That’s just one of the many question I have about the incident. Just…wow!

[@nath9091]

Not an expert but thought Master and Captain were usually different things? As in the Master is an expert in the ships handling, sailing and navigation while the Captain is there to decide where the ship goes and the Master along with the pilot works out how to fulfil that order. But then again the Master designation might not exist anymore.

[@vissermatt1058]

he has made the vid that answers this question before. i dont want to put words in his mouth, but he did insinuate that she had a long career of not being a ships captain and this was a giant congratulations celebration to have a woman in charge of a boat

[@saltymonke3682]

Her last position in RN was PWO. Didn't have any idea if she was an XO first in the RNZN before this.

[@SteamCrane]

​@@nath9091 That was sailing ships. The Sailing Master advised the Captain about how to set the sails for best performance, and of times to add or shorten sail..

[@dulls8475]

@@nath9091 The master is the captain and visa versa.

[@deborahsmith8871]

Brilliant explanation, Sal. Thanks.

[@thechancellor3715]

Was waiting for this after reading the brief news article.

[@user-rf9ws7hp3e]

It’s New Zealand culture ! Standard practice is… DO EVERYTHING on the cheap….no worries bro 👍

[@davidbuck5864]

A bit of number 8 wire, she'll be right!

[@eecarolinee]

Pretty muddy information coming from the official sources. Feels like a lot of spin.

[@TheBelrick]

Because those screaming that this disaster was caused by DEI were right. Again. Every single time.

[@raylemon6111]

DEI . full stop.. idiot woke thinking

[@lyricallyunwaxable1234]

​@@raylemon6111NZ sent a man to the olympics as a woman. We were doomed

[@gildor8866]

Crew got the ship sunk by failing to follows basic protocols - if that is the spin, what are they hiding.

[@hamedog100]

I appreciate your frustration with the vagueness or over-simplification of the briefing but as a kiwi i would say that they were having to strip it way down because the NZ public's huge apathy or hostility to defence and security issues mean there isn't a good understanding and they didn't have time to be precise and educate media who mostly wanted an easy soundbite. Don't get me wrong, not saying they think the public are dumb, or that i do. But the public apathy or hostility leads to many instances of poor info - and the media, when not actively hostile, is even worse. Thank you for another very informative video!

[@DaveG7920]

Who was on the bridge at the time would seem an obvious question to ask at the press conference, makes you think reporters were told what they could and couldn't ask.

[@LeEmperor]

Msm is well scripted in NZ.

[@Everywhere2]

Illuminating and masterful.

[@wolfemcgill6091]

Cheers from New Zealand and one in the marine industry. I enjoy a strait forward and honest report. Second question. Have you looked into the loss of FV Argoes Georgia in the south Atlantic this year? Longline fishing vessel went down, half of crew lost. Your research is top, could you have a look? I'll help anyway I can. Wolfe out

[@SteamCrane]

I've been waiting for this report! Very unfortunate that the admiral's report is so superficial. The 5 items listed all point back to the Captain's actions and policies, or lack thereof.

[@johnnykrauze]

Yep

[@mickeymorgan4672]

It's preliminary.

[@drphilgee6430]

Give her a break...she was busy getting her nails done...ok

[@meli66ajg]

Great explanation; thanks!

[@brunonikodemski2420]

Our company developed early Dynamic Positioning Systems (DPS) and then later 3-Dimensional Systems for ROVs. Almost all of these systems do have a "fast reversal" system for the synchronously controlled (vector drive) motors. I designed some of the electronics. You are correct, in that if you do this too hard, you will get cavitation so you actually Lose Thrust during those types of events. The USA Navy also has those issue on the submarines, and cavitation noise will kill you if the enemy is listening. Fast Reversal is only used if you cannot steer the boat or ship adequately to avoid an object, and is a last resort. Most modern systems have feedback to the motor controllers to provide maximum thrust, similar to our cars "antiskid" system. Essentially the same control systems are used for both. Same physics applies, just in a different medium. SpaceShips also. No difference in the basic theories.

[@Alex-nq7vz]

Thanks for the video. Didn't read the comments so I am not sure I will be the first one to point at the elephant in the room. A few years ago, NZDF and by extension NZ Navy changed their policy on employment in line with their DEI principles. They encouraged members of a certain group to join the army/navy. They raised the age limit. I friend of mine in his 40s who belongs to that group joined the marines having not shot a gun in his life before. The admiralty failed to answer why they hired this lady as a captain of the third biggest ship in the navy, given she had never held a command of a ship before. She is also technically foreign military albeit coming from a friendly Commonwealth country. Her unique qualities appear to be her gender and certain life choices. In old days she would have been court-martialed. Now she is praised for quickly abandoning the ship. It is interesting to understand how the ship caught fire. Were they smoking weed or something and didn't put out their cigarettes? The bottom line is that $100 million of our taxpayers money sank. Plus much more needs to be spent to prevent environmental disaster

[@Strategy_Analysis]

Excellent briefing. Well explained for someone like me not familiar with ship navigation and steering. Thank you.

[@jeffr6280]

If Dr. Evil had a navy, that guy at the beginning of the video would be his admiral.

[@mindsetmatters370]

Thank you for an excellent presentation that enabled a "landlubber" like myself understand the layout and control systems of modern ships 🙏

[@markhulme7277]

Thank you for that assessment. Very good video..😊

[@steeltrap3800]

How TF is it possible for a supposedly professional military crew not to know how to control their vessel???? Surely they have the equivalent of quick reference guides on hand in the case of certain scenarios when it comes to tech? Check the autopilot status? I'd expect this to be the first thing to check as there's no point in looking into whether your direct control mechanism is working IF the autopilot ignores any input from it. Sure enough, the officer giving the statement (Adm Golding) confirms exactly that at 1:35 Nobody in the Quartermaster's section that knows what the SoP is for this scenario, including the QM themself? Astonishing. (edit: added Adm Golding as the officer giving the statement)

[@k53847]

USS John McCain collision cause: "lack of effective operational oversight of the destroyer by the US Navy, which resulted in insufficient training and inadequate bridge operating procedures. Contributing to the accident were the John S McCain bridge team’s loss of situation awareness and failure to follow loss of steering emergency procedures, which included the requirement to inform nearby traffic of their perceived loss of steering."

[@fredflickinger643]

Great analysis! Thanks! My concern over the past decade has been in both the military and commercial fleets there seems to be an increase in human error associated accidents especially groundings. There must be a common thread in the depth of training both in seamanship and an intimate knowledge of your ships's systems and their functions.

[@jimbyars5991]

Thanks very informative,better than our local press and govt reports

[@deansawich6250]

Thanks Sal. As per normal, another really informative video. Maybe you could give the NZ Admiral a course on presentations. 😊 Now a lot of things make sense.

[@ПётрПроценко-б3к]

I wish mooring simulator had such a covinient set of controls as Sal showed us in this video! It is one hell of a trial to maneuver azipod powered models.

[@davidoldboy5425]

Very old saying at sea, 'Never go aground with your anchors in the pipe', good practice in shallow waters has always been to clear the anchors ready to let go and have someone ready to do it. If they had ten minutes of struggling to get control and heading towards the beach I know what I think.