Discovery of the Electron: Cathode Ray Tube Experiment

[@alfredwhittingdale9192]

4:07 -- 4:20 I love how he managed to transform 2D into 3D. Brilliant.

[@butterflytobe1013]

Where he's now

[@Hiiarmy.7]

I can't believe this video was made 10 years ago... The best explanation for sure... Staright to the point and deep understanding... Excellent job...

[@otamanlvhs]

Finally,a clear explanation that makes sense for dummies like me.

[@nacerbguir7261]

teicix عاننعننىخوى ةرىووا ر

[@anilsinha4968]

And that is exactly why you aren't a dummy. Just because people don't get explanations that suit them does not mean that they are dumb.

[@ethiop1538]

But mine is from the teacher

[@joseph15003]

@@ethiop1538 the teacher only teaches her/his student the explanation that she knows. its not necessary that whatever the teacher says is right-after all he/she is only human.

[@Harshini_11127]

Depends on the teacher😊

[@ambreentariq1423]

9 years later, and you're still a life saver. Thanks a ton for your efforts!

[@heyyyu12]

This was the best video to learn how electrons were discovered. Thank you so much! It was explained very well. :)

[@bryand6811]

thank you so much! you have a very creative way of demonstrating the experiment using only paper and markers

[@ShouryaChourse]

yes I agree

[@tdewitt451]

Great question! It gets a little complicated, but here is the basic idea. So you know how he is able to bend the ray of electrons by using a magnet? If you measure how much the ray is bent, you can plug that number into physics equations and figure out, roughly, how much the electrons in the electron weigh. And they already knew how much Hydrogen weighed, so when you compare, the electrons are a lot smaller. That's sort of a simplification, but does the main idea make sense?

[@felixagordoh5638]

I dont understand from where the magnet comes in

[@futuresocieties.]

I know this is ten years later but this incredibly complicating in the sense of formula (interesting wish I will make sense of that in the future) however these simplifications of yours make it so much easier to comprehend and answer some questions.

[@ilovebaking-v2v]

At 6:23, it says that atoms have tiny negatively charged electrons in them. Then does this mean that electrons are everywhere ? (since atoms are everywhere)

[@landenew]

thank you for teaching me while my teacher fails to do their job

[@aubrigray8574]

Rightttt😭🤦🏽‍♀️

[@tiltedtowers1753]

@Ray Kamden what’s stopping your friend to do the same with your insta

[@wookie9208]

Yeah

[@iamavolk]

It is your job to teach yourself. Your teacher's job is to control the process. Feel entitled much?

[@simplymudblood4370]

Personally my chem teacher is awesome.. He told us to find out all we can before he explains it to us.. Also, did mention he is AWESOME

[@jackasotarex]

Not only did you do a really good job explaining the whole concept, but you also made the connection between the ideas of Dalton and Rutherford. I hope you continue on your journey helping education other in the sciences. It truly is a great help!

[@gkreddy2103]

this video helps students to understand the experiment clearly

[@vicgamez6642]

How can 13 people dislike this video? Come on people! This guy is contributing his time and knowledge to help other people, so if you don't find it help, then just move on before you puss him off and he quits making videos and you ruin it for those who want to learn! Hey Tyler thanks a lot, u have learned so much from your video. You're my inspiration!

[@JSBselvas]

probably from being able to hear him swallow, its gross.

[@travelfreak6901]

Vic Gamez What kind of knowledge are you talking about the guy said that Dalton discovered atom and concluded that matter is made up of tiny indivisible particles called as atoms however the thing to be noticed is that this was the discovery of Democritus so I think inspite of conveying wrong knowledge it shall be better that he quit giving the tutorial videos

[@How2Helper2013]

+Maahira G I'm sorry, but have you even seen Tyler DeWitt's atomic model timeline video? Because he clearly states in that video that Demcritus is the philosopher to come up with the idea of atoms. And really, Tyler isn't wrong here. Dalton DISCOVERED atoms via experimentation and observation. Democritus only speculated the existence of atoms. Tyler DeWitt is an amazing guy, and I appreciate his hard work on this channel. He has undoubtedly helped many Chemistry students pass their respective Chemistry classes because his explanations are structured in such a way as to portray a steady understanding of the topic. You rock man.

[@polyopulis]

One of the conclusions he gives of the cathode ray experiment he outlined was "the particles that make up cathode rays are 1000 times smaller than hydrogen atoms," but this is not justified by the experiment as presented. So he's just stating facts without their connection to reality. How this conclusion was made was the exact reason why I was looking up cathode ray experiment videos, and this falls short.

[@DanielPfender]

So you guys are just gonna dislike the video because of small inaccuracies? I feel like that’s something you’d comment about and just not give a like or dislike

[@Vtari]

Hadn't I seen the date of the video I would've thought it was made this year, just amazing.

[@rakiz1]

amazing illustration , many thanks

[@DevilGaming-xi3xf]

rakiz1 right....

[@sunnysaurav5536]

Such an exact explanation, Even that below average students can understand this easily...

[@christopherdiassous4679]

I love for your innovative method of showing things. Your language is easy to understand and definitely student oriented. Thank you !

[@deyaaalmasri339]

Awesome thanks this helped me study for my chemistry test.

[@samkaplan9562]

same XD

[@iwn003]

Same lol

[@darkserpent_]

Same lol

[@broosnijs5317]

Lol same

[@Scary_Momo]

did you pass?

[@divyanshsingh1526]

It's amazing how clearly you aranged the papers to explain . Fantastic . I don't have words to explain how good you explained it. *YOU NAILED IT BRO*

[@TarunKumar-xk3pz]

come back bro post more vids we need u 😭😭😭😭

[@navanpotter2646]

+

[@JC-xk8vh]

#TRUTH we need to start a #hashtag #VIVATYLERDeWITT

[@JC-xk8vh]

Where can we find him and what's the project? I want to see it, because I bet it is going to be awesome. Thanks Eclair.

[@aliyajamil2900]

Study Point Yeah

[@umabala6844]

Study Point in

[@andescosmico3016]

This young is very very smart. This video can't be improved, it is perfect. Not a single word can be added nor a single one removed. Ten out of ten. Now I know how I will prepare a similar lecture. Thanks and congratulations.

[@ritrade]

Best explanation.......!!!! You're the best chem teacher I've ever seen... :D

[@Chilldude579]

hey dude, awesome video, i was struggling with these while studying, and it never stuck, but watching these videos don't feel as if i am studying, but rather having fun. so, thanks.

[@Diamonsarr]

You are succchhh a good teacher. I had the exact same question you had when I heard about this experiment, and you answered it perfectly!

[@tdewitt451]

Hey everyone, I'm here to help. If you have any questions or just want to learn more, click on the link in the description above. It'll take you to a page where you can ask me questions.

[@PurpleGalaxy7]

hi! is it ok to ask, why are protons not deflected by the magnet ? Why doesn't it make the beam move to the negative charged plate even though protons are charged particles ? Thank you!

[@dichow2148]

​@@PurpleGalaxy7bro cathode rays consist of only electrons since at high voltage and low pressures bonds between atoms break down hence charged particles are seperated out from it.

[@mattk183]

This description was amazing! My Chemistry teacher was shocked about how much i knew about this concept. Greetings from Australia Tyler!

[@buteteniyoonjh]

Tyler: Plum pudding is more like a British thing so it's better for you to think like its Blue berry muffin Me, an Asian: 👁💧👄💧👁

[@Sarah-ot6ls]

think of it like a chocolate chip cookie

[@akshinbarathi8914]

think of water melon bruh its universal

[@simplymudblood4370]

@@akshinbarathi8914 oml 😂

[@akshinbarathi8914]

@@simplymudblood4370 LOL

[@shafali5461]

Ur are really hero , chem master

[@MuhammadUzairJamil]

i have not seen till today explaining chemistry in such a simple and easy way as you explain by the way thanks alot sir

[@gayathrisajeev6268]

Although this video was posted long back helped me a lot with my chemistry learning . Thanks a lot !

[@clairewillows22]

This was AMAZING. I love the way you explain things. Thank You soo much. You seem to teach better then any of the teachers I've had.

[@gman9090]

This guy is amazing

[@ismailali975]

Most definitely

[@mrclanma4462]

Always bro

[@mariayates8625]

Astronomically better than any textbook or other video lecture so far. Thank you so much!

[@jamesmuhwezi2488]

I am a chemistry teacher and you are my hero. Thanks

[@azametsimensah883]

Best Chemistry teacher I've ever come across. Perfectly explained to the understanding of students. Thank you.

[@ProofDetectives]

Thank you. Your illustrations about the experiment simplifies for me amd made me better understand it. Keep going. ما شاء الله

[@jizzywix1993]

I know you get this a lot, but it's honestly down to you that I'm keeping up in my General Chemistry course. Thank you so much.

[@verysadgrill]

woooahhh this video format is blowing my mind awaaaayyy!!! thanks, btw (:

[@ameonna8168]

I never really comment on study videos but you explained this so well. Your voice and tone is what helped make the video more digestable and easy to understand in a more almost entertaining way. I personally found this super interesting.

[@happybro2802]

This guy is extra ordinary he has the skill to develop the concept of the thing that he teaches which is not clearly understndable through schools ❤️

[@learningtheworld.5255]

Man, this is the most brilliant explanation I have seen so far. The images, the transitions, the conclusions drawn. A masterpiece ! I am a professor myself and I got to say, congratulations! Hats off !

[@diamond-ge7td]

Thank you so much for this video, I am going to be learning chemistry next year and everything was confusing me lol, you made things very clear, thank you

[@safrafath]

The best chemistry teacher I have ever had. I've never had a chemistry teacher who made sense to me. Within a few minutes, he basically explains everything in the most outstanding way.

[@tdewitt451]

I've already answered this. Please read the comments below.

[@mikefixac]

All I can say is wow. This is the first Tyler video I have watched. If his other videos are just 1/2 as good, I am in for a big treat. Thank you so much Tyler.

[@skaterdyeproductions6217]

6:25 This is Literally my exact same question, that my teacher refused to answer

[@sethspykstra8297]

You are extremely gifted at clearly breaking down complex topics so that anyone can understand them. Excellent work, thank you for this video!

[@hammad5028]

5:38 how did he know that the thing that makes up the cathode rays is 1000 times smaller than the hydrogen atoms???

[@mohijitsingh6641]

I believe he used electromagnetic fields of varying strengths to see how much the cathode rays bent (i.e. stronger magnets), comparing it with the impact of the electromagnetic fields on hydrogen atoms.

[@mohijitsingh6641]

I meant to write hydrogen ions, which are not neutral, and therefore are impacted by electromagnetic fields.

[@itsgojoverfr]

@@mohijitsingh6641 that makes sense, plus how were the cathode rays produced in this experiment?

[@jita7357]

@@itsgojoverfr Metals have free electrons in them. These free electrons have the tendacy to move in same direction electricity moves. Also opposite charges attract, so the electrons along with charge from power source move towards the metal plate connected to anode.

[@itsgojoverfr]

@@jita7357 thank you so much man

[@lunamaria1777]

OMG YOUR DIDATIC ITS SO GOOD! Ive been struglling to understand this for a few days now and u just explaned it so easily in 10 minutes

[@itsiiteyo0224]

how did thompson knew particles that make up cathode rays are 1000 times smaller than a hydrogen atom?

[@agentshadow3630]

goodness you are the best chem teacher pls continue making these

[@kol-s5q]

Thank you so much. I really love your passion in teaching people chemistry. Your videos really helped me through my studies, especially for that one particular exam. Plz keep doing what you do! :D

[@favioescalon528]

I just started reading a book called Atomic Awakening by James Mahaffey and he talks about the cathode ray tube experiment. Your explanation of it was very very clear and even after 10+ years of uploading this video is probably the best I've seen so far. Thanks a lot!

[@yakingkapali]

2018 and still the B E S T

[@M.K-SAVE]

You mean 2019

[@thatg239]

2020

[@AryeshChaudhary]

@@thatg239 you mean apocalypse

[@cashcartibtch9238]

2020 and still the BEST!

[@ishanisingh1084]

2021 😭😭

[@FundamSrijan]

We have computers now People before computers : 😂😂😂

[@myouniverse0613]

You just made it very easy to understand! Thank you for this video :)

[@youngking7316]

Great Explanation! You just helped a grade 12 student in Toronto, Ontario. Keep it up T!

[@balsyitlog]

Thanks bruh. Helped me imagine Thomson's experiment.

[@AidaM-h2d]

11 years later and you still teach better than the teachers. Thanks a lot :)

[@JC-xk8vh]

"When I first learned this stuff" 6:35. Well guess what, I first learned this right now.

[@edumation]

Beautifully animated. Simply Informative.

[@raissatwiringiyimana5179]

Oh Gosh ,you are really genius, you helped me

[@AkashThomas99]

Most helpful study guide I've ever seen.Your diagrams and method of explanation is just supercool.

[@sherazkhan2802]

I have two questions : 1) How were there any electrodes known to the scientists if they didn't know about the electrons/protons , because that's what make them electrods. 2)Why did he thought that the cathode rays were electrons coming from atoms . Those could also be atoms themselves . Isn't it?

[@अलकामिश्रा]

Did you get any answers to your question ?

[@sherazkhan2802]

salil misra​​ No i haven't . Anyone I ask has no answer.And still here comes another thing . They applied voltage for the production of cathode , they applied current . They knew what current is but they didn't know about electrons . HOW? Current is the flow of electrons.

[@iqbalwani7249]

you don't have any concept study atom and molecule

[@iqbalwani7249]

you don't have any concept study atom and molecule

[@iqbalwani7249]

you don't have any concept study atom and molecule

[@bananensaft7825]

a fantastic video! This is the best description of the work Thomson did to discover the electron :)

[@malakallan4652]

:) thank you sooo much its very helpful and creative i recommended all my friends to watch this

[@itsNogha]

THANK YOU SOOOOO MUCH I've never understood chemistry like that

[@robbyddurham1624]

if we still had crt televisions, we could put a magnet to the screen and watch it deflect electrons.

[@viethungnguyen5998]

Brilliant illustration, i don't think i can find every information i need for a presentation in just 1 video

[@beren1399]

Lots of love from TURKEY 🇹🇷 i can easily understand your lessons even my mother language isn’t english :)). in turkish education system we saw it in 9th grade in chemistry and also 12th grade in physics and i am now 12 th grade in a scince high school and i didn’t understand from the book then i remembered your channel from when i was in ninth grade i watched your videos 3 years ago too anyway i love you so much dear teacher 👨🏻‍🏫 and pray for me 🙏🏻 because i have a university entrance exams in june ... ♥️🌝

[@ananyanoronha632]

All the best then

[@alexrider8724]

Did u get in ?

[@beren1399]

Manveer Sablok well.. about faculty yes i won what i want (medicine faculty). but about the city and university no i couldn’t won what i exactly want 😬😅

[@noelbrown1155]

I wish there was presentation notes you could download from this video. This is a great video. Thank you!

[@killerwaspy1303]

Isn't it spelled Thomson?

[@nayomifernando7678]

Both are correct.😊

[@I_am_RJ_11]

Nope it is thompson

[@Daniel-Rosa.]

Excellent delivery, good drawings, with moving parts that worked!

[@DisneyFan2OO9]

Lifesaver right there! Greatly appreciated! ;)

[@serkanozkan8793]

Best Teacher ever! Prepared well, explained clear and understandable. Thank you very much!

[@ZaraSAMAH]

OMG THANK U SOOO MUCH FOR THIS< THIS WAS A GREAT HELP:)

[@noverahferoz9410]

You have no idea how I lit up when I saw that you had made a video on this topic! Much respect for your hard work and dedication to science and for making learning fun.

[@ahmadnoman1810]

how did thomson discover that electrons were smaller than hydrogen atoms? how dd he measure their size if cathode rays could only be produced in sealed tubes ? and how did he know that they travel at speeds close to the speed of light?

[@dev-asya]

I know this is 2 years late, but maybe this will help somebody else. He didn't "measure" their size, but he measured their charge to mass ratio (their e/m) using a bunch of fancy equations involving the Flux(strength) of the magnet, and the Voltage supplied in the Electric Field Plates, and the Voltage supplied to the Electrodes that mad ethe beam to begin with(google charge to mass, something helpful will probably pop up). He was left with a charge:mass that was over 2000 times larger than that of a Hydrogen atom which meant one of 2 things-either electrons have a maaaaassssiivvveeeely strong charge, or they're 1000 time smaller than a Hydrogen atom. He went with the second option.

[@bananensaft7825]

@@dev-asya Thank you for this explanation :D

[@marylharrington1069]

May I just say you are a fantastic teacher, and I'm happy you were born!

[@centralcoastvexillogicalas6369]

Tyler Dewitt is not just a chemistry GOD, but a god that understands mortals. Tyler understands the thought process of angsty AP teens. Every time I was confused or had a question in my head, Tyler predicted it and addressed it. Chemistry teachers complain about how hard it is to explain chemistry but Tyler does it with no problem. Tyler is smart as hell, thoughtful as hell, and sexy as hell. God bless him.

[@rsharma97]

Wow! I wish you were a teacher in my school! This was a really good video! Thank you so much :)

[@Adrianadadrian]

Hey! Great video! A thought hit me: what if you changed the voltage. Is the outcome still the same? I mean, how can we for sure know that electrons exist? Thanks!

[@tdewitt451]

Good question. But why would it matter if you change the voltage? I mean, if you're skeptical that electrons exist, why would you be less skeptical if the voltage were changed and the same thing happened?

[@Adrianadadrian]

Its just a thought. It could also be about changing the ampere or something else. But since we cannot see electrons, how can we be sure that they do exist? I am just curious. I love your videos though! They made me understand how science came up with todays theories.

[@wasuuu]

+adrian albinsson We can see the effects that the electrons produce.

[@jackscott1218]

There's no way we can be 100% sure that electrons exist in this form because we haven't actually *seen* the electrons orbiting the atom. We don't have the technology. However, all the evidence suggests that the current model is correct.

[@masteravni]

We know what happens if you change the voltage. William Crookes conducted an experiment in which he put a metal paddle wheel in the evacuated gas chamber. He found that as voltage was increased, the paddle wheel spun faster, and vice versa. This experiment also proved that electrons were particles with mass and velocity, and therefore kinetic energy. If you're still interested, worth a look.

[@megaKstudios]

My chem professor recommended you. This was explained really well! Thanks so much!

[@mateozeppelin]

but what is a charge?

[@rukiasagal12]

the fact that it has electricity, that can interact with other particuls with also electricity. Positive charged particule are called cation and negative are called anion, both are ions (which basically means charged + or -)

[@justinbieberdoggie2964]

Happy to know teachers like you still exist :)

[@blueglue6447]

2019 anyone?

[@cyberphox1]

Excellent videos, as a parent helping my kid this is so helpful for both of us. Thank you

[@ninjaislive664]

We live in a world where Bullshits like PewDiePie and T Series gets billions of subscribers and this guy didn't complete 1 million sucribriber yet, shame on us!

[@diemduong2534]

This is very easy to understand even though this is not a video. The way you explain everything is genius! Love it!

[@jef3566]

bro used the entire amazon rain forest for the presentation 💀💀💀

[@sajnipotter9078]

if you do not understand why the cathode ray bends downwards when the magnet is placed around the tube Use the right hand rule to prove it

[@clarissa3356]

what if there’s another atom inside an electron

[@Eric-jy1if]

clarissa electrons are made up of up and down quarks.

[@astinscience]

Another consideration for determining that the cathode ray was matter, and not energy, was the fact that it bent at all. The beam changed direction, which suggests a force was applied to the beam. We knew from Newton that force = mass times acceleration, which would mean that if a force was applied to the beam, and work was done, then the beam must have mass and therefore be made of matter and not simply have been some sort of negatively charged energy (given their knowledge at the time of course). Great video!

[@hexagonmagnetics569]

Nice, but your explanation is rudimentary at best. Electrons are not physical matter! They result only when certain conditions are met between the magnetic and dielectric fields. Current electrical theory is still outdated!

[@tdewitt451]

+PSI PHI SYSTEMS Whatever dude. I'm just teaching what students need to pass their classes. This is how the information looks in every Chemistry textbook and exam.

[@hexagonmagnetics569]

And that's the problem! Nothing personal buddy, this is not an attack on you.

[@kassh421]

You helped me pass Chem 1. Moving on to AP Chem thanks for the great videos. Just wondering why did you stop posting videos?

[@goodsir2551]

Tyler mate, you have literally saved me tons of times. Much of my conceptual grasp comes from your videos, when i get to earn money i will donate :D Thank you for existing Tyler!!!!! Will you ever make organic chemistry videos also? :)

[@danielrodriguez-rg3ci]

What is moving from the cathode to the anode? The electrons themselves? Or is it just the electrons' charge?

[@quriositysquared1028]

No one else comes closer to explaining chemistry the way you do. Thank you.

[@mybluemars]

Great lesson! The "Plum Pudding" model is such a beautiful model that I think once people realized its potential that they did everything they could to make it work.

[@axela4606]

dude your videos are actually so good

[@anosmianAcrimony]

The electrons themselves are not glowing. In fact, the vacuum inside the tube is not complete, and the gaseous atoms that are still in the tube are fluorescing as they are struck by the high-energy electrons. In a complete vacuum, the ray would be invisible.

[@NegruVodka]

thanks a million. one of the best illustrations i have ever seen so far.

[@charlesdavis7940]

This explanation is as clear as it gets. Thank you. Great work.

[@aazan2k743]

Got a chemistry test tmr. Been trying to understand this for the past 3 days but had no clue. Thanks a lot it really helped!!!

[@mkash_money1313]

Came here after watching Dr. Stone. You have a gift for teaching

[@shabasherif9633]

i was all confused from the class.....i thought its gonna be difficult......but now am happy.....Great Work.....Thank You