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If you want to get into distilling you will need to invest in a good still and fermenting vessels. This is not cheap. It can often be too much of an investment for a beginner.
Before purchasing a still you can try other methods to increase the alcohol in your home brew. This ranges from altering the fermenting conditions to post fermentation processing. Each of these has strengths and weaknesses.
In order to process your home brew or similar without having to distill you can do something close. Freezing your home brew, wine, wider and beer takes advantages of the different things that make it up.
Primarily the difference in the temperature at which water, ethanol and other liquids solidify. Each behaves differently and we can take advantage of it. This done by freezing.
You can separate ethanol and water by freezing it. Water solidifies at 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit). Ethanol freezes at -114 degrees Celsius ( 173.4 degrees Fahrenheit).
By freezing a bottle of wine, cider or beer it can be concentrated. The water solidifies but the alcohol stays a liquid. This is then transferred into a new container. As there is less liquid overall you have a higher ABV.
As a method of distilling without the need for expensive and difficult equipment freezing is effective. This does not mean it is a perfect solution. Freezing has limited applications.
Distilling often produces a very high ABV . A column still can produce 95% ethanol. A pot still can produce 60-70% ABV. Freezing can only achieve 20% ABV the first time. By repeatedly freezing and separating the contents you can push it as high as 35%. That is a big reduction.
If you want to create quasi distilled wine, brandy and more freezing works. These are often around 35-40% ABV. Freezing can reach this ABV but is not as reliable as distilling.
To do this you will need:
A low ABV alcohol like wine, beer, cider and similar.
A large plastic bottle
A large plastic jug
A large freezer or room in the freezer to fit the bottle
The problems with this method include but are not limited to:
you are concentrating the volume which includes toxic products like methanol
it is not very accurate or specific
it is crude and requires multiple steps to refine
The benefits of freezing to distill are:
it is cheap
it is easy
it can be applied to a lot of different products
does not require a lot of experience or knowledge