DIY Ultrasonic Mixer

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When you think of ultrasound, the first things that probably come to mind are baby scans and denture cleaners. But ultrasonics is a massive and fascinating field with so much more capability than just cleaning. From sonic knives to sonic welding, all it takes is a bit of sonic power to make materials behave in really strange but useful ways.
Today we build one such device which is an ultrasonic homoginizer. These are great little tools for popping open cells or mixing samples quickly, and can be used to make interesting emulsions as well as luminescent light if you get everything just right.
This was my first metal lathe project and I've got to say I absolutely loved it! I'm very exciting for lots more machining videos in the future.
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Lindsay Wilson "tuning ultrasonic horns" - • Ultrasonic Transducers...
This Old Tony Knife - • Ultrasonic Cleaner to....
Sonic Welding - • DIY Ultrasonic Welder?...
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[@ThisOldTony]

fiddlesticks, I knew I should've gone with the homogenizer! ;) nice work!

[@johnmetzger7766]

hi tony

[@greasysteve5671]

TONY

[@tomf3150]

High Mix Mayonnaise ?

[@vandyniyomkham5032]

Bartender: shakened, or stirred? me: Ultrasonic homogenized please.

[@10713412]

Boss

[@auds9738]

*shaken

[@quagmiretoiletgaming]

*shakenedized

[@ted6090]

Resonant frequency on the rocks

[@Nighthawkinlight]

You're the first I've heard mention how bad these things can shock you. Just about gave me a heart attack the first time I messed with one.

[@thethoughtemporium]

I've lost count how many times I've been bit by this thing. Just got me yesterday. It's the worst cause you're not expecting it from a piece of metal just sitting there. Totally understand that feeling. Your whole body tenses for a second, it's awful.

[@KyIieMinogue]

The same thing happens in ultrasonic atomisers if you try touch the ultrasonic pads. I didn’t understand what happened it definitely rattled my bones 😂

[@r0cketplumber]

@@thethoughtemporium All you have to to is connect a wire between the electrodes until you're done banging on it. No zaps.

[@marcn8750]

@@thethoughtemporiuminteresting hack. I’m thinking of modifying a common home dental ultrasonic descaler to do some ultrasonic polishing of a steel piece of jewelry. Questions: 1) Do ultrasonic scalers work only with metal horns or can it be made out of wood? (I would like to use a toothpick as the horn to be able to put some diamond paste on it to polish the steel jewelry) 2) Do ultrasonic scaler only switch on based on contact with a hard surface? Thanks in advance.

[@Deathbynature89]

Ultrasonic Milk Frother. The frothiest cappuccino using full cream milk so creamy you can see butter droplets on the surface. Oo ooo, Emulsify Butter Coffee.

[@thedillestpickle]

emulsified butter coffee sounds amazing :)

[@ablanebba1577]

That sounds divine

[@quagmiretoiletgaming]

@Emilia Olfelt why

[@dynamicpaintball]

@Emilia Olfelt why. They make everything taste better.

[@ristopoho824]

This old Tony is the reason i got into a machining school. And this far he's the reason i have had easy time with the machines there. Having seen how to do things helps a lot, even if i hadn't even touched a metal lathe before in my life. You could have been the reason for me to get to a lab school. I happened to graduate half a year before i found your channel though. Haven't had any work, but i'm happy to be able to watch you do all this cool lab stuff.

[@imshanedulong]

This Old Tony and Clickspring are the reason I'm now taking machining. I love it! Very satisfying work.

[@Pac0Master]

​@@imshanedulong I went to drafting instead of machining No regrets but it did lighten up a spark of passion in me for making stuff. I wish I could just go do machining and welding, then maybe mechanical engineering

[@Tunkkis]

Sama, mutta menen amikseen vasta lukion jälkeen.

[@Crafterrian]

Make mayonnaise with it.

[@michaelfixedsys7463]

Mayonnaise without egg yolks

[@kartoffelwaffel]

also no dijon mustard (another emulsifier)

[@-Sean_]

@@k-mehrenworthallrightsrese577 wtf

[@Stig007]

damn I was gonna say that

[@greggraber8299]

ROFL

[@imajeenyus42]

Thanks for the shoutout! Really appreciate it!

[@kazsmaz]

'homogenizing a spider' that's pretty creepy lol just turning it into liquid

[@Ludix147]

_homogenous_ liquid

[@whynotdean8966]

To be fair spiders also liquidate other animals.

[@Bondubras]

@@whynotdean8966 Turnabout is fair play, I guess...

[@dissonanceparadiddle]

@@whynotdean8966 as do you

[@handblitz4408]

Perfect way of disposing bodies if your a serial killer, or even a perfect way of killing them as well

[@gljames24]

I love watching ThisOldTony. It's always fun to see when other youtubers enjoy channels I love.

[@NTmatter]

Build a device that operates at 43kHz, yet sponsored by Audible. Perhaps they're branching out into higher frequencies?

[@samschannel531]

premium audiobooks for bats and okapis

[@sasjadevries]

Alright, some easy machining tricks that *would have saved you* some hassle: 1, When using a dye to cut threads, use the lathe's drillchuck to guide it. The drillchuck (when it's empty and it has no drill in it) has a flat spot that's perpendicular to your work piece. In other words, you use the drillchuck to push the dye into your workpiece, and you just turn the dye by hand as you'd do normally. 2, You can do the same trick for the tap, usually taps have a little hole at the back, then if you replace the drillchuck with a centerpoint, that point will fit in the hole of the tap and keep it straight while you're turning the tap by hand. But as you've done it (mounting it in the drillchuck) should work too. 3, When you put your workpiece into the big chuck you want to mount it straight (obviously). 3:46 And I can see you didn't want to insert it deeper to not damage the piezo part. Wh 4, Just check how your lathe performs. A lot of lathes are not too precise, due to wear, setting of the cast iron with time (that's something new lathes have because of little internal stresses), etc. These are all things that can be perfectly fixed by flattening, polishing, and turning some bolts; if you know how to do it. Even if you don't bother to calibrate it, it's good to know what kind of defects you have. Checking this is not too difficult, you can just machine a cylinder and measure the diameter and check whether it's the same along the length. You can slide along a dial indicator to check whether flat parts of the lath are in fact flat. You can check whether the chuck actually centers your piece (one of the jaws can be a tiny bit shorter that the others); you can insert a cylindrical thing into the chuck, see if it wobbles, then turn your cylinder around (rotate it around it's axis, with the end facing the chuck) and look whether it wobbles more or less. I'm just saying: knowing why something doesn't work out as you want is quite crucial. Checking for defects before (or while) you machine takes less time than redoing your work and trying out everything. I've seen a lot of machining work kinda fail at my university because the teachers and students were blindly trusting the lathe.

[@rihardsrozans6920]

I believe you are meaning "die" not "dye".

[@randomindividual9338]

I love that you do things you know virtually nothing about, constantly doing something new... awesome.

[@TheMattiePoo]

"I am not 'This Old Tony' and have a fraction of the skill." Your honesty and cleverness have earned you a like and subscribe my friend.

[@Scrogan]

Tony’s design could definitely have benefited from using a thread-in attachment. Also using an inverter that automatically seeks resonance (like a Tesla coil or induction hob/furnace driver) would allow you much more freedom in designing a tip, especially for cutting. I noticed that Tony’s ultrasonic knife dropped down into the audible range as he pushed it on some more stubborn materials, which shows how important having variable frequency is for such a cutter. If you were designing such a resonant driver, going for a higher voltage might be an idea, though you’d want to check the breakdown rating of those things first.

[@notamouse5630]

Swap variable frequency for a resonance seeking control system. Seeking resonance is a matter of seeking phase alignment as in the tuning video and phase gives you direction to seek in. You can make this with a microcontroller based driver by using an ADC each for voltage and current and aligning the two. I recommend as a minimum spec: an arm based dev board like an stm32f072b-eval ($10) as they are can be programmable over USB, they have a 12 bit 1 MHz ADC which can be used on 2 channels for a rate of 500 khz, which is sufficient to do phase comparison of voltage and current feedback to allow for high speed control of the frequency for resonance seeking. Rig that to the two MOSFET switches on a direct drive for a transformer designed to drive such a transducer and you get a fast feedback design that should be good enough. I'd bet that fast PID would be enough to control that.

[@khaoliang]

Wouldn't you get problems getting it started up?

[@estehbread]

Learning way more and feel more invested into science a lot more with the way your videos are formatted. Love your channel and the emporium group!

[@mrglibb]

"I tried homogenising a spider with it" good god man, you're a mad scientist

[@TheDaken]

Machining is one of the most rewarding and valuable skill sets you can ever have. The best way to approach it is to learn the basics and bare in mind that it is entirely up to you when it comes to how nice your work is going to turn out. Have patience with it and be safe 👍

[@xenophobic6773]

I read this as the perfect vinaigrette and was very confused and waiting for salad the whole video. Did not learn about salad, but still came out happy. 11/10 would be confused again

[@sacation6057]

Nice low entry video as always! I am a software engineer myself. But your projects inspire me to start projects which overlap with totally different fields!

[@gh0stmast3r]

i used to work in a plastics factory, if you make a press for the transducer you can weld plastics with it creating air tight and water tight seals if done properly. imagine being able to ship bacteria and mold in your own personal blister packs, simply break and pour to get glow in the dark brewing yeast.

[@andrewnambudripad762]

Cool. 1: To prevent getting zapped, using a bleeder power resistor (just a standard 5 watt dealie) from the transducer grounded to your lathe chuck as a drain would save you from some trouble. 2: In general adhesives will give away with heat. A crude way to break that bond would be a MAPP/propane/whatever torch whilst slowly rotating the unit so you reach the threshold temperature along the joint line. A more elegant way would be to wrap some nichrome wire (preferably pre-heated) around it and run current through it until you get a preheat on the wire. Standard adhesives (cyanoacrylate, PMMA, etc) usually give around 120C. On the other end of the spectrum, threadlocker gives between 200C and 250C. I'm too lazy to fire up ANSYS, but PZT4 and PZT8 are both going to be safe enough re: thermal conductivity to split a standard joint without doing damage.

[@kentvandervelden]

Very interesting! If you design a probe that is difficult to turn manually, I would be willing to look at CNC turning one for you. Best wishes

[@WolfsBlackRose]

This old tony, AvE, Avon79... take your pick all are legends. Awesome vid, keep it up! Love your stuff.

[@edgeeffect]

"Avon79"..... "The Joise... ... ... I keep forgetting the damn name!"

[@googacct]

Maybe you are thinking Abom79 (Adam Booth). Oxtoolco (Tom Lipton) is another one I enjoy.

[@WolfsBlackRose]

@@googacct It was a reference to a parody video. It was an alternate jobs of popular machinists. Hilarious, but you are correct and I forgot about Oxtoolco! I have some backlog to catch up on now!

[@cameronwebster6866]

Don’t forget Clickspring.

[@googacct]

​@@WolfsBlackRose I missed that video, but have seen it now.

[@6alecapristrudel]

I've always wanted one of those. I wanna try and use it as a cathode for electroplating metal powder. I bet it's gonna make some really fine particles.

[@BloodAsp]

Ultra Sonic Everything!

[@Akrivus]

I played this in the background while I was coding, and stopped what I was doing and head to rewind when I heard "homogenized a spider."

[@Akrivus]

@White Rice whAT dO YoU mEAN tHeRE Is MoRE tO CoDINg ThAN InSpECt ElEMeNT?! 1!? 1?

[@zylascope]

Very interesting. You make great videos. Hope you have a great year mate. Thanks :)

[@guymcpumkinface1793]

I just used an ultrasonic horn like yours to lyse some RBL-Cells we were using for an Histamin release assay. ;)

[@WetDoggo]

the problem is the taper of the horn. you should try to make it a bit concave, basically just copying the commercial design, since it focuses the vibrations gently and more effective than just a "straight" edge. also the mounting surfaces where one was not threaded right should be made as perfect as you can do to maximize the energy transfer, otherwise the pieces just bump into each other causing energy loss to sound and heat maybe even do something to the tip, not just keeping it flat, but filing out some grooves # to create little pins, since the tip pushes droplets from one layer into the other, this could maximize this effect since the energy is more focused on more points. also try making a similar probe, where you add grooves around the tip radially, maybe the effect will then be stronger too, since there's again more surface are for the tip to interact with the liquids. and finally maybe do the same last ideas combined and a smaller diameter to really get things going. I'm hoping to see some progress soon :) thank you very much ;)

[@satibel]

going around with a 40 grit file around the tip would be an easy way to add grooves

[@edgeeffect]

Right there with you on the machining/metalworking front. The conical horn reminds me of an N1 moon-rocket... so it wins the aesthetic prize with me. ;)

[@DerSolinski]

You can use those to weld synthetics together, like textiles or plastic bags. But you need to make sure, that you dump the energy into the medium you want to weld by providing sufficient pressure and a counter surface. The applied pressure varies greatly depending what you weld, general rule less is better increment until you hit the sweet spot. For the counter surface it is best to use hard and dense materials so they reflect most of the ultrasonic waves, a slap of steel will do, preferable hardened.

[@LReBe7]

We have a 150W sonicator in our lab, it's really noice. Make sure you add the possibility to do pulsed operation, it makes the homogeniser really useful.

[@stardew1986]

This stuff is really cool

[@timlelapin]

I don't know if you tried, but the frequency of the transducer has a tolerance so it is worth playing with the frequency of the generator a little bit to see which one gets the best result.(working on an ultrasonic project myself at the moment)

[@Finnnicus]

Loved seeing this develop on Instagram.

[@miguelvallejo7289]

Your the man I respect how you think thanks exactly what I was looking for and here doesn't get better than thank again

[@hellbuns5672]

Keep you the great work I have been here since 15k subs and I don’t plan on leaving

[@saccaed]

I've noticed similar behavior when poking thin metal sheet into a working ultrasonic cleaner. Hadn't thought to test for homogenization, but after watching your video I think I need to check.

[@Rotem_S]

Again, that's an amazing project. when the finals will be over and I'll finally finish reading that book on solid mechanics/acoustics maybe I'll try to optimize the harmoginizer shape with a simulation, but that's for later

[@xaytana]

I've been wanting to make a machine for cold brew coffee and tea. Brewing requires heat, time, and agitation. Normal hot brewing only uses heat and time. There's a cold brew machine in stores that uses only time and agitation, more specifically just circulation; but the machine itself isn't that great, and in my opinion takes too long. I've considered using ultrasonic for agitation on the brewing side of the setup in addition to circulation. The basic circuit is pitcher > tubes and pump > a container with the coffee/tea > filter > tubes and the possibility of a second pump > back to the pitcher. A weak brew with the commercially available machine takes 5 minutes, a stronger brew takes longer; my thought is, especially since I'm planning on making the pitcher size a good three times or more the size, is to use ultrasonic agitation to speed up the process, hopefully by an exponential factor. I've also considered the idea of using pressure cycles to help extraction, but pressure introduces heat, and I'm not sure how to introduce that kind of system without interrupting circulation. I guess I could always try using a single container with ultrasonic agitation, and introduce pressure cycles, then just filter the outlet that the drink is poured from; but then you'd have to clean the entire vessel instead of one small part, but I guess you have to make compromises somewhere.

[@SirEnd3r]

I was literally thinking about and was going to recommend you to watch Old Tony just before you started talking about him.

[@InssiAjaton]

My approach to the tuning would be swept sine frequency. That is natural because I have such instruments. But the (liquid) loading tends to affect the resonance, at least a little. Therefore, an adaptive frequency control would be a desirable addition. Besides homogenizing liquid mixtures, I have seen how the ultrasonic energy can be used to replace a soldering flux when tin-plating. The horn is placed directly into the tin puddle and it shakes oxides and other dirts from the part and allows wetting.

[@smithno13]

Could you whip cream with it, or does cream require the larger mechanical motions?

[@andremantovani]

you sound like 8bitguy - and both of you rock :)

[@Bananakid11]

Make ferrofluid =) my problem with that was the homogenisation of the functionalised magnetite with olive oil

[@brothernobody1775]

Serious tho, from a cooks perspective that's magical.

[@StatisticalError82]

Great video and great new piece of gear, I can't wait to see what else you'll make with the lathe. It's awesome how much more accessible science can be when you make most of the equipment yourself. Any other biology gear that you're looking at making soon?

[@thethoughtemporium]

PCR machine and bio reactor are on the short list. Already mostly done both, but much further with the bioreactor.

[@imshanedulong]

I didn't see any clips of you using a dial indicator. Do you have one? When you're turning parts that are already made, like the transducer, or chucking up a part more than once, its worth having an indicator to locate it properly. I'd look up dialing in a 4 jaw lathe chuck for more info.

[@injesusname3732]

would this work for epoxy resin with high viscosity (4000 cps)?

[@jaredharvey1511]

I understand homonigized water and oil is quite reactive. Try making a mixture put it on tin foil and light it with a lighter. I understand it's fairly reactive like camera flash powder.

[@en2oh]

just what the doctor ordered! one use you might have already though of is sonication of graphene oxide. Quick question. Do you have an idea of what sort of power you need from a sine wave generator to accurately tune the probe? Also, any thoughts on how the driver resonant frequency can be adjusted to optimize tuning at the driver end of things? Thanks for sharing this!

[@ubza1234]

I can't find that book on audible. 😔 great, excellent video dude! Love it!

[@crohkorthreetoes3821]

Cool vid man.

[@AltMarc]

4:25 Me and Old Tony would see the problem... Use the (loose) counter stock, to rest the threading tool FLAT on, you get then nice threads....

[@rominaruiz5715]

you can use the tool for making bitters and other botanical-solvent mixtures for infusions. the traditional method is to simply shake the mixtures, but with the use of a sonicator or an ultrasonic homogenizer, I suppose the finished product would be much cleaner, and of higher quality because it would utilize the plant material and solvent to its maximum potential.

[@franglish9265]

OMG so cool! Much better than a vortexer!

[@jackgoodell5574]

Is it forces on the transducer plus vibration that makes it shock or is it something else?

[@Gennys]

This Old Tony is the best.

[@shoofle]

did you test homogenizing a spider or e coli with the finished tips?

[@TheHouseBlog]

Side feed liquid to it and use it to spray coatings. The atomized particles will be very low velocity compared to an air sprayer. You could also make a spray drier out of it.

[@lop2167]

I have a 375 watt sonicator. I use it in extractions. It breaks cell walls in plants when extracting reducing the need for a heat/acid phase

[@en2oh]

I watched your video again. I remember when I got my first metal lathe - I actually hated woodworking - so imprecise ( did I ever regret that in my later years) But now, I'm looking at this project of yours wondering if I could add a PWM to the sine wave generator and then attach it to a high voltage amplifier. Variable power control in a truly tunable Ultrasonic emulsifier. Any thoughts on potential problems?

[@aaronloerzel3596]

Idk if you have done so or not but I'd use hss instead of carbide inserts. I think it's just a good practice skill

[@GREATLORDPOOH]

I do love me some this old tony

[@cryptonein]

I've read that ultrasound at 600 khz focused on a container will boil water (outright buying of such a transducer normally is cost prohibitive as far as I can tell). What would it take to build such a transducer? LOVE this machining work, especially in relation to ultrasonics!

[@victoryfirst2878]

Fillestick fella, I can answer your questions on machining anytime, just ask. The easiest way to keep from getting shocked is to just take a long screwdriver and touch the tip to the lathe ways and the shaft to plus terminal on the transducer. Nice to hear you taking a chance and going for it on the lathe. One of my favorite machines. But personally I like machines that are thirty feet minimum between centers. What can I say, I am a guy who likes to run large machines !!!!!!

[@drdca8263]

Does it work if you stick it in a tub instead of in a tube? Would that allow for making more vinaigrette faster?

[@yodustin00]

Here's an experiment I would like to see. I was looking through some old 1987 patent where the inventor used what he called thermotronic wave phenomenon in water by with AC oscillations. By creating a thermo-tronic standing wave resonanting the water by low-frequency electromagnetic induction. He claims he can change the resistance of the water by the spacing of the electrodes and frequency used. But with in the patent a side note was made saying that a electric charge could be made from the oscillations in the water probably because water is polar. I recall it saying it could be done by sonic means as well. Would this imply water can have a piezoelectric quality to it under certain circumstances.

[@Deemooo]

Could this be used to cold weld metal?

[@herrschwarz485]

can you use the horn as a phonographic needle and record by modulating the signal onto something a narrow band television signal ?

[@MrKasper0001]

Hey! Can you exfoliate the intercalated graphene compound into a higher yield of graphene using the sonic horn?

[@farvezfarook3422]

you can use it to weld plastics and inserts

[@biohaxxter6117]

Great content as always . Is it possible to create an emulsion from alcohol and curcumin with a device like this ?

[@henricagven2874]

I have been looking for information on producing v2k. and I've looked at a lot of Ultrasonic Transducer products and tried to understand their concept so that I could maybe start building a directional microphone that I could use to locate the source v2k. LRAD is another thing to tinker with. could you come back to the topic in those terms🤔

[@loganplatvoet2394]

"I tried homogenizing a spider" is, perhaps, the most nightmare inducing sentence I have heard in a long time, if removed from the context of this channel. Well done.

[@shyleshsrinivasan5092]

I am trying to engrave PCB traces on a copper clad to make a PCB board using the Ultrasonic Transducer fitted with a carbide tipped probe. Still designing it.

[@qwertyqwerty9587]

Was the original lathe work on the transducer a necessary step?

[@RandomNooby]

you got a lathe, nice definitely playing with the big boys now (:

[@luccaklippl5882]

Is it possible to make a handheld ultrasound cleaner?

[@nathanharpelle]

Try cellular disruption. I'm investigating small scale bio-diesel production using duckweed. I'm trying to determine the overall energy input/output of the process. I've looked at mechanical (seed oil press) and ultrasonic cellular disruption. From a DIY perspective, could be fun!

[@BothHands1]

this channel is fuckin awesome. it's like _how it's made_ but much more in depth, and better

[@burtjohnson7298]

Is it possibe to create a brewing yeast that works at lower temperatures around 10 deg c, but has a high alcohol tolarance, to tight to heat the brew room. Came late to the channel the dna information was an eye opener and your explanations made me think I may just understand the basics, thanks and keep up the good work

[@CheekyD21]

As everything has its own resonance frequency, do you think that modifying the ultrasonic probe to match the resonance frequency of one ingredients of an emulsion, it would separate out the individual components? A bit like an electronic litmus device or centrifuge but without the centrifugal mechanics? Or modify the ultrasonic blade to match the resonance frequency of different materials in order to better cut through the molecules/fibers of the material? (No i'm not talking about splitting atoms!)

[@TheLordinio]

don't you have internal reflections when changing the material?

[@duckdotcom1]

might mixing epoxy work?

[@wmfwoodworking]

This old Tony reference. Great

[@bipolarchemist]

Sonochemistry. I seem to recall there was a procedure for creating carbon nanodots via sonication, but I lacked the tools to do exactly what you've done in this video so I didn't make it very far in testing it out.

[@blendpinexus1416]

so i need to put a resistor or something between the piezo leads to dissipate the energy while i work on it.

[@SixTough]

Awesome

[@AgentOffice]

I loved woodworking class

[@transkryption]

I've been having fantasies of this video, I had to watch it again.... I want one. Nodal points you say?

[@carbontetlabs8606]

Curious. Could it homogenize a mixture of methanol and heptane, hexane or pentane?

[@Alexander_Sannikov]

I wasnt aware that you can make emulsions like these with ultrasound. That's interesting.

[@curcumin417]

Yes, these are known as "cold emulsions" or "surfactant-free" emulsions

[@speadskater]

I've wanted one for extraction of capsaicin

[@attilagergely6734]

Why don't short the transduce outlet to avoid the shocks?

[@Assault_Butter_Knife]

Dumb question, but what would happen if you were to touch the operational end while it's active?

[@benjaminmiller3620]

Well it's designed to rupture cells... Possibly rupture some capillaries? I imagine the end result would be rather like a very intense but localized bruise.

[@haraldlindohf4032]

your friend gets a headache

[@jamest.5001]

Wouldn't taking mass off make it operate at higher frequency?

[@bendavis575]

You should try to disperse carbon nanotubes in epoxy resin

[@alkeryn1700]

thes probes are amazing for cold extraction of organic material.

[@garbleduser]

Look up "harmonic scalpel." It has some cool effects dealing with ultrasonic hyperthermia. If you copy those frequencies, you can cut tissue, and at the same time coagulate the leaking endoplasmic reticulum emanating from the 2 lines of dead cells you just made with the cut.