DNA, Genes and Chromosomes Short Explanation

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DNA, Genes and Chromosomes Short Explanation
Inside the nucleus, we find chromosomes. Each human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. Of these, 22 pairs are autosomes, responsible for most of our body's growth, development, and functioning. The remaining 1 pair consists of sex chromosomes, determining our biological sex-XX for females and XY for males. These sex chromosomes also play a role in reproductive processes and the development of sexual characteristics.
These chromosomes contain DNA molecules. DNA which stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, is a double-stranded helix that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms. Segments of DNA that provide specific instructions for traits and functions are called genes. Genes are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for making proteins, which carry out various bodily functions. They determine inherited traits, such as eye color, height, and risk for certain diseases.
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