DNA Methylation and Cancer - Garvan Institute

This epigenetics sketch was created by Armando Hasudungan, in collaboration with Professor Susan Clark and Dr Kate Patterson at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research. It has been created for a broad, non-expert audience to highlight key messages about the role epigenetics plays in biological processes like development and diseases such as cancer. Find out more: www.garvan.org...
In normal, healthy cells, two epigenetic processes - DNA methylation and DNA de-methylation - are maintained in a delicate balance. This balance is disrupted in cancer. Gene promoter regions that are typically unmethylated in healthy cells commonly become highly methylated in cancer and the associated gene is silenced. In comparison, the non-genic regions of DNA become de-methylated in cancer often leading to DNA instability. This disorganized DNA methylation pattern means that the cancer DNA becomes de-arranged and genes responsible for stopping cancer growth, also called tumour suppressor genes, are switched off, allowing cancers to grow unchecked.

[@Revoluus]

Excellent explanation: concise, jargon-limited, and straight to the point. We need more 3-5 minute videos explaining complicated processes to the public at large. Thanks again!

[@swapnanair2297]

O

[@awpawlaw]

This is so straight to the point and easy to understand, thanks!

[@garvaninstitute]

Glad you found it useful!

[@subhashranjan3722]

Highly impressed with this vedioclip and for the first time through your deliberation a professor has understood this complex process. Thank you very much indeed. Would love to learn from you more and more Sir! Regards

[@garvaninstitute]

Thank you, Subhash!

[@gregjameston3210]

Thank you for this explanation

[@zafkieli9199]

Thanks so much for clear explanation : )

[@garvaninstitute]

Glad you enjoyed it :)

[@scottmitchell2757]

Balance is important. Great short presentation.

[@MB_Candles]

great explanation and drawing skills

[@adrianaa.4445]

So clear!! So useful!! Thanksss

[@michaelorman9493]

Awesome video, thanks for posting it

[@bilalmoh1701]

Amazing video , theank you

[@hongxinzhang8240]

Super useful and easy to understand. Helped the big time! Thanks!

[@sugar_salt_H]

Thanks for the your perfect explanation.

[@ELPaso1990TX]

So presumably hyper-methylation can deactivate a lot of DNA repair genes too.

[@QFBPLR]

That's beautiful, TYSM for the explication. Saludos desde México.

[@bodycareforhealth8656]

excellent as always thank you, just need to slow delivery speed down a touch. thanks love all your amazing work.

[@patrickneal3015]

I love you Armando. If you ever need a kidney transplant, you can have one of mine xx.

[@lipsohlips97]

OMG Lol

[@thscandolara]

best regards message ever

[@kathymikkelsen3566]

haha such devotion

[@roqiaahmed6345]

Thank you so much, sir..

[@rebeccacastellano4414]

This information is not getting out early enough to the masses. So sad!!!!

[@Najia1979]

Cant thank enough for this video

[@2007dolphinlover]

please correct me any part of the statements if they are wrong. I understood that: 1) promoter DNA methylation is a NORMAL action in response to the environment/epigenetics and ultimately results in gene silencing. 2) CpG site(s) methylation (another NORMAL nature of genome) ultimately creates different cell types and furthers their division (via unique methylation patterns per cell type, across the genome of cell types). 3) It is UNCOMMON for PROMOTER CpG islands to be methylated, because they (promoter regions) have important regulatory elements that control gene transcription (and shouldn't be 'messed' with).... and offset balance of promoter dna methylation and CpG island methylation..... 4) So, in cancer cells we not only have the UNCOMMONality of the methylation of DNA PROMOTER CpG islands, but they are HYPERMETHYLATED. This means the normal inactivation for silencing of the gene for suppressing tumors is otherwise, due to hypermethylation, now allowed to be activated (so NO silencing of gene for suppressing tumors) and thus, allowed to differentiate/divide/aka behave like a tumor and go crazy!....... Let me know. Thanks!

[@_joshwalter_]

This is great, thank you!

[@annathunguye9354]

Thank you very much for uploading this excellent video

[@garvaninstitute]

Glad you enjoyed it :)

[@televishenimoniker5546]

Naive question: Could manipulation of the methylation on DNA cause a generation of a stem cell. Is a stem cell just one that has yet to undergo any methylation (expressing all genes)?

[@sharptongue2972]

Very nice for someone without a bio background.

[@raultorres847]

Amazing video. Thank you

[@MrTuuuur]

Very clear!

[@user-pm4gg2ws6n]

Alteration in methylated patterns, what if its hyper or hypomethylated ?

[@trianasalgadom5210]

excellent video! thanks :)

[@televishenimoniker5546]

Where does *RNA* fit in?? Do the methylated spots on the DNA affect the transcription process into RNA?

[@jabivullashaik6224]

exlnt video sir

[@NUTRITIONBIOCHEMISTRY]

amzing video thanks.

[@garvaninstitute]

No problem

[@rosyaryaseries]

nice explaination...but how promoters of housekeeping genes remains unmethylated

[@changalden2373]

Very cool, but where does these DNMT comes from? What is regulating DNMT for us to take human shape?

[@tievoli83]

DNMT1o is synthesized and stored in the cytoplasm of the oocyte and translocated to the cell nucleus during early embryonic development, while the somatic DNMT1 is always found in the nucleus of somatic tissue.

[@xrcc202]

@@tievoli83 Thanks a lot for the info🙏

[@andaz1899]

There is an "H" miising on each cytosine at the 1-N position. Or you could just write "Rest".

[@gardeniaflower9202]

Thank you ❤️❤️

[@garvaninstitute]

No problem :)

[@stephenleighton4050]

Question..... can anyone explain or give clarity on the following ... does any change to typical Purine & Pyrimidine, folate, B6 or B12 pathways during pre or early post natal periods result in heritable genetics that could be passed from that baby should they procreate in later life?

[@LACERENZANUTRITION]

👍🏼💪🏾👑 Top thanks. A question please, the methylation and ipermethylation of the DNA can stopped celular neoplastic? SAM ( S- Adenosil Metionina) is it useful, is it good to take 400 mg every day to silence the transcription of cancer? thank you very much. Andrea Lacerenza

[@erilsard1873]

I have experienced very severe neurological disorders with the use of PPIs. I have the characteristics under methylation _ I learned this with my own research after the disorder_ I can't get rid of paresthesias, especially pins and needles. What can you suggest me about this?

[@km2052]

awesome

[@kokomanation]

Methylation might affect the enlargement or maintenance of telomeres

[@dysprosiumdead5078]

nearly 10k subs xd subbed

[@lufixu]

what does DNMT 1 do? produce more of a specific cell?

[@ALASKAOO7]

ottimo video grazie

[@crazieeez]

Do you sell a poster of this? Would love to buy 10 for my big family. They need to learn this.

[@sahelaayanee5505]

Very good, most of it I got it, but I didn't understand the flip part of CpG. If DNMT3a and DNMT3b already methylated, is that cause the flip and later when it obtains methyl from SAM it comes back?

[@guerismaladies9963]

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[@bonk8594]

Read this pls..i just took a tetanus vaccine and it has differential extraction-methylation CAN THIS CHANGE MY DNA ?

[@triordie78]

Great video! Is there a place I can buy or print that final graphic in high-res format? I searched your site but could not find anything. Thx!

[@guerismaladies9963]

For a definitive and effective treatment of Cancer, hepatitis AB and C (bloating, swollen belly and intestinal gas), urinary tract infection, HIV AIDS, infertility, diabetes, cyst, myoma, fibroid, myopathy ... etc. we have products made from natural plants very very effective without side effects on health. please contact us on [phone] via WhatsApp

[@saharkarimi6935]

Good

[@ellazolman7516]

macam mana nak buat?

[@ahmedelsakka9548]

i didn't understand anything,, so methylation activates or deactivates gene transcription ??!!

[@jillyjuicellc]

Deactivates

[@guerismaladies9963]

For a definitive and effective treatment of Cancer, hepatitis AB and C (bloating, swollen belly and intestinal gas), urinary tract infection, HIV AIDS, infertility, diabetes, cyst, myoma, fibroid, myopathy ... etc. we have products made from natural plants very very effective without side effects on health. please contact us on [phone] via WhatsApp

[@bluedude6991]

4:40

[@xrcc202]

2:58 Wrong !! SAM will become SAH after the reaction

[@lucah4613]

dnmt2: am I a joke to you?