DOPE!!! | Metallica - For Whom The Bell Tolls REACTION

[@feardabrood]

They have several instrumentals, but Orion is an absolute masterpiece.

[@dalefleming6427]

Call of Cthulhu

[@brunoyanez5263]

The call of Ktulu X2

[@BensSoZen]

Call of Chthulu IS harder to criticize than Orion, but both are amazing.

[@brunoyanez5263]

@@BensSoZen is a matter of opinions, I prefer 10 times The Call of Ktulu than Orion

[@brettanomyces7077]

For me Orion > Cthulhu but both are awesome. I had both on cassette when I was a kid.

[@brandonchaney3527]

Pulling teeth is a bass solo like you've never heard. R.I.P. Cliff Burton

[@blairsy7836]

He was the greatest ever.

[@edgarbritz1663]

Leyend

[@panagiotiszygouras6441]

@@blairsy7836 Imagine if cliff don't pass away what kind of songs they were had made of!

[@chrislira3574]

He played his bass like a regular guitar; in fact, I think he played guitar before picking up the bass. For those that don’t know, he was killed when the band’s tour bus hit an icy patch on the road(Sweden?). He was ejected from the bus and it rolled and landed on him. Horrible.

[@jeffleister9793]

Yes!!!

[@fyygyytyty]

Orion is the instrumental you are speaking of. There's no way you can go wrong with Orion.

[@barryphillips3279]

agreed

[@donshane7091]

Agreed, Orion is your track - kzbin.info/www/bejne/l6CyZn-PrZZ-rsU

[@lisemzarate4029]

Metallica was different because as fast and loud as they were, they were obviously musicians who respected the theory of language through art. They weren't just screaming about horror tropes, they wrote stories, and the instrumentation was so beautiful, The phrase "For whom the bell tolls" refers to the coming of death, "time marches on" as a soldier in battle, if death is coming for you, there is no hiding,

[@slugcult1973]

That was Cliff's influence. He was a serious music student. Imagine what they would've sounded like today if Kirk Hammet didn't win that warmer bunk on the tour bus. Cliff would be alive, and who knows what he could've accomplished.

[@charloacc727]

Well Cliff was an aficionado of classical music and James loves literature so everyone brought their little pieces to a masterpiece of a band

[@taylemgames2652]

@@slugcult1973 Kirk was a student of Joe Satriani. Every bit as important to Metallica as Cliff was. Plus you cannot remove James' writing and passion.

[@andrzejc.9572]

"For whom the bell tolls" is an expression of long origin. First it apperared in "Meditation XVII" (1623) by John Donne. It refers to practice of funeral tolling, so "don't ask for whom the bells tolls, it tolls for you" means "don't ask who will die/suffer, it will be you". In modern era it was popularized by Hemingway and his famous book called simply "For Whom the Bell Tolls".

[@99dedbuffoons17]

And, TIME MARCHES ON, as in TIME DOESNT CARE IF YOU DIE, IT JUST DOES ITS THING. 👍

[@s.rry-guld2961]

this is an AMazing answer all the way around

[@FreddieFoxxx100]

Also, the dead do not hear the bell, therefore, the bell tolls for those who are still alive, to let them know of the death of another, and as such, it is a recognition of the interconnected nature between all people, which was particularly powerful in Hemingway's works, as it was in reference to the Spanish Civil War that pre-dated WW2, in which Socialists fought against the fascists, but were inevitably beaten, since every major nation of the time wanted Socialism to disappear in favor of Capitalism.

[@michaelterry3885]

Thanks , you saved me a min. Explaining.. ..... 🤙

[@terryconnelly484]

HEMINGWAY ALSO

[@ryangaffneysguitarphilosop732]

Classic Metallica has an instrumental on their first four albums. "(Anesthesia) Pulling Teeth", "Call Of Ktulu", "Orion" and "To Live Is To Die". All are epic.

[@AzathothXy]

Call of Ktulu is a great instrumental song. Also try Frayed Ends of Sanity.

[@Roadstar1602]

Frayed Ends of Sanity is not instrumental. You're thinking of To Live is to Die.

[@AzathothXy]

@@Roadstar1602 true. But it's one of my faves and needs more reactions done to it.🤷‍♂️

[@remastered-00-pl]

@@AzathothXy exactly. Kirk's solo is MIND-BLOWING in "Frayed Ends (...)"

[@edgarbritz1663]

Yeahhhh

[@vadymkvasha4556]

oh yeas!

[@royfablooo2810]

The bell you heard in the beginning is not a bell but it's Lars hitting an Anvil using a Hammer. That intro also is a heavy distorted Bass from God Cliff Burton.

[@feardabrood]

Its about a soldier's last moments before death on the battlefield. Looking up to sky one last time as the death bell tolls. He does, and time marches (moves) on.

[@mandylhdoubleo5188]

I thought so too. But that’s what I got from It! Unless I’ve been wrong for 25 years 😂

[@bk2u777]

Check Out >>One> Nothing Else Matters But Try These For Starters!! God Bless!!!

[@bgrising]

Amber swaying to Metallica is something I didn't know I needed until I did. Well done. This is one of the greatest tracks by Metallica, but if you want to listen to a good one, Welcome Home (Sanitarium) from the Master of Puppets album. You most definitely will not go wrong with that one.

[@kirkford8972]

Sanatarium is one of my top 5.

[@Grannyjamzdatamz]

I am a dual tambourinest and play both simultaneously with music and vocals all the way through every song I play. I've done FWTBT & WHS by Metallica. #REDNECKGRANNYJAMZ

[@VegasGlaive]

This is by far their absolute best track!!!! Powerful and ageless on so many ways!!!!!!!!!!

[@archersfriend5900]

Orion is the big one, but Metallica has a bunch of only instrumental songs.

[@AndresV0182]

ORION BRO?! The call of ktulu mate!

[@richardmardis2492]

As a former soldier, this is a devastating song. “One” the song is even more so, Especially when seen with the Johnny Get Your Gun video!

[@jenniferrafferty5905]

Orion, is an instrumental. The Metallica journey isn't complete without a listen to that masterpiece.

[@mikepalmiter5296]

Heard Metallica for the first time in 1982. I was 13 and there was no turning back. I have spent a small fortune seeing them live.. Love you have found them

[@skinnybuddha74]

The Holy Trinity of Metallica Instrumentals, in release order: "The Call of Cthulhu" (from Ride the Lightning) "Orion" (from Master of Puppets) "To Live is to Die" (from ...And Justice for All)

[@scottsager440]

This.

[@spectreharlequin]

You're forgetting Anesthesia(pulling teeth), that really shows what a genius Cliff Burton was with the bass.

[@kylesmith261]

Suicide & Redemption is a instrumental. Off of Death Magnetic.

[@blairsy7836]

Yes!

[@TheDeadStretch]

Can't forget My Friend of Misery though.

[@mikekiewicz246]

This song holds a special meaning for me. It came out right before I came to serve in the 82d Airborne Division in 1984 and it rapidly became our "war song" that was played before we went out to train. And we trained hard. A lot. And for a very long time every time. It was by a "new band" called Metallica. The songs recounts the futility of war (time marches on), but sings the praises of those that fight and stay together for each other. It was an anthem for us to stick together at a time when maybe we might have needed that. At that time being in the military was not nearly as revered as it is today An airborne brother of mine from those days is a music promoter in Florida now and my wife and I were in the area, so he invited us to a show. The band played this song (we didn't know) and you can imagine the knowing looks that were shared at that table #AATW Love that you both loved it

[@harvesterofsorrow4096]

Does Metallica have any instrumentals…….. Orion. One of their masterpieces. Also to live is to die. Another masterpiece.

[@Annonymous0283745]

Call of Ktulu

[@DougRG]

As many may have stated already, it's the story of some soldiers holding a hill and then dying in a battle during the Spanish Civil War. Gnarly stuff. An interesting point to me is how a dude so young wrote these lyrics. James Hetfield is a true poet. I don't know what y'all were doing when you were 20. For me, it certainly was not writing haunting lyrics based on an iconic Hemingway novel. I don't know that I had the capacity to think deeply enough to send such a message in so few words. But the picture is painted to perfection, and once you hear it in that context, you'll get goosebumps every time you hear the song. Makes my eyes well up as I listen sometimes. I love the request for the instrumentals. Metallica has a killer sound and a few killer instrumentals. But don't sleep on their lyrics. Hetfield has a brilliant mind.

[@Metal_Head_Mark]

Yes, check out, "Orion" by Metallica. It's an instrumental that takes you on a space odyssey. It's like a journey through space.

[@jemal999]

I've always thought Metallica perfected the art of the intro. They last long enough for you to fully enjoy the instrumentals, have great buildup, and then transition into the full song before it gets too repetitive.. Masterfully timed.

[@robertdeschinger2968]

Yes, yes, yes 😁👍🤟

[@itsmedino]

This song has caused SO many speeding tickets, right up there with Radar Love

[@itsmedino]

@@everettcouslandok it's decided Everett for transportation secretary

[@booboo8577]

Locomotive Breath is one of mine as well.

[@blairsy7836]

Battery gets me speeding, too. 🤣

[@Zseventyone]

Yes, but "Breaking the Law" causes wrecks!

[@Zseventyone]

Well, at least in my case.

[@shawnkautzman4879]

For whom the bell tolls saying after you die time marches on. Thank you for this i love it. I have lots of Metallica.

[@chriso6719]

Metallica is one of my favorites. Seen them 4 times. First was the Black album tour in 1992. 3 1/2 hour , 4 encore show.

[@timrue8898]

Well done you two. It's time to see them live. They've been my metal heroes since 1982. I'm 57 years old and have seen Metallica live 29 times and counting. No metal band other than possibly Iron Maiden puts on a better live show. Keep bringing the noise. I enjoy your reviews.

[@joeymcbrayer]

YES!!! Need more Metallica on the channel!

[@dandiscer1373]

IF YOU LIKE JUST THE INSTUMENTALS....Check out Joe Satriani's Surfing With The Alien. You're GUATRANTEED to love it.

[@brettg274]

“For Whom the Bell Tolls” by John Donne (c. 1600 AD) No man is an island, Entire of itself. Each is a piece of the continent, A part of the main. If a clod be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less. As well as if a promontory were. As well as if a manor of thine own Or of thine friend's were. Each man's death diminishes me, For I am involved in mankind. Therefore, send not to know For whom the bell tolls, It tolls for thee.

[@vandergrad]

Talk about being willing to switch it up!! You two went from "Vincent" to this? Love it!!!

[@andrewmoss3681]

You really need to check out Metallica live in Moscow. That will get your jaws hitting the floor

[@tallycahamuhlhetru26]

Do "Creeping Death!" EPIC performance

[@nk1974]

Yes creeping death

[@krissya.k.aspecialk3293]

Absolutely do Creeping Death in Moscow!! It's 🔥🔥

[@kevinc6916]

Moscow tells big shows to hold its beer!!!

[@rustyreese4006]

Harvester of sorrow, creeping death for whom the bell tolls, all live in Moscow.

[@rubentullenaar2934]

Please do “Fade to Black” “Master of Puppets” and “Disposable Heroes” next.

[@TheErsu]

The live version of For Whom the Bell Tolls is even better.

[@MikeHart72]

The studio version sounds like crap in comparison to the live with Cliff pounding it out on his bass

[@zacknicley8150]

“Do not ask for whom the bell tolls, it tolls for thee.” It’s a literary quote. They’re saying, in modern parlance, “Don’t wonder why the funeral bells are ringing. You’re about to die.” But the book has a much deeper meaning.

[@unklebacon44]

Glad to have found you diving into Metallica. What an amazing band. They ARE HEAVY but the songs are deep and the music is unmatched.

[@kelsonhargis6101]

I saw some people explaining "For whom the bell tolls," but they did a play on words. It usually means who dies. Here they're saying it's not who dies, it's really for whom time marches on, is still alive in the hell of war.

[@HandleTakenlol]

The Bell Tolls for thee it's about dying specifically soldiers dying in the Spanish Civil War Metallica not only rocks hard as all get-out their songs are extremely deep

[@derekhudson3523]

It's 2am and I have the sudden urge to go to the gym. That intro has so many changes and they're all good. RIP Cliff.

[@frankiethelamb1334]

It's about war and people dying in battle for whom the bell tolls but time still marches on.

[@gerardomendoza9891]

Metallica is one of the main bands that puled me thru the hard times and depression I have gone thru during my teen years. Metal is a very powerful music,along with punk and rock music.

[@Malic430]

Metallica instrumentals that you should review: Orion, Call of Cthulhu, and (Anesthesia)Pulling Teeth which is a 4 minute bass solo

[@MrScottsearles]

Amber gets lost, so cool. Jay is awesome as well, keep rockin'!

[@anthonycook6984]

Lets see? Anesthesia pulling teath .call of katulu and orion are my favs

[@subway5907]

U really need to check your spelling

[@anthonycook6984]

@@subway5907 yeah I was working lol

[@DC_Prox]

Fun trivia about this song: the iconic riff at the beginning is being played on the high end of a bass guitar. A lot of people learned this when they played Guitar Hero: Metallica, and the first song was this, and if you chose to play guitar the opening was just hitting the rhythm stabs and letting them sustain while that riff happened. First time it happened to me I started over and played bass instead, ended up liking it better anyway.

[@walkofnails2923]

I can’t hear this song without immediately seeing the Zombieland opening credits in my head 😈

[@paperbagfilms4729]

Hahaha… Zombieland, my go-to zombie movie :) the movie version is a cover by, Chronica.

[@Stoner9th]

Ask not for whom the bell tolls, for it tolls for thee

[@melindawilliams2585]

Metallica is one of my favorites! If you like this one you should check out Dragonforce "Through the Fire and the Flames" the guitar solo is EPIC!

[@travismayes7736]

Trapped Under Ice, Fight Fire With Fire and Creeping Death are all amazing tracks from this album.

[@sirsuse]

Great song! It was also the perfect song for the beginning of the movie Zombieland.

[@NOLAgenX]

You are already nearly at 40k! It's been going quickly. I appreciate your reactions and the hard work you really do put into this.

[@Borna909]

This is their best album ever. They never had better songs nor better sound. Everything fits in the right playce here.This is metal perfection.

[@BillMcLean1968]

It's telling you about war. Taking a hill, soldiers dying. I'm a veteran and I love this song.

[@truthbetold9521]

Orion is an instrumental journey. There's no need for words

[@71seankey]

You got the fingers to play the guitar at an extra ordinary level my friend.

[@williamshaw5388]

This song was inspired by the Ernest Hemingway book “For Whom the Bell Tolls”, about the socialist fight against fascist Spanish government.

[@wesdog8975]

You do mean the Nationalist Rebels who had help from the Nazis?

[@williamshaw5388]

@@wesdog8975 no, I mean the socialist/anarchists that fought against fascist capitalists, backed by Nazis and American oil companies. Feel free to read the book, and some history.

[@wesdog8975]

@@williamshaw5388 what book did you read? Franco was installed as dictator after the Spanish government lost. His backers were the Nazis and Italy

[@wesdog8975]

@Dave Shaw if you do mean the book For Whom the Bell Tolls, that book was a reading assignment in High School. Hemingway was with the International Brigades that supported the Spanish Government. The book is his autobiography on participating in that war.

[@samuelvernancius7229]

You both gotta see Cliff Burton's live bass intro "for whom the bell tolls" it'll blow you away.

[@chrisaustin612]

Disposable Hero's is a must, but one of the best of theirs that nobody reacts to is Creeping Death. You'd dig either. (I like that the brick wall is back!)

[@homesinc1]

Holding true to the identity of many rock bands during that time many bands were ANTI war so you could make the argument that the lyrics in this song speaks out against the senselessness of war :"for a hill they would kill why? they do not know".. As the lyrics continue, they also take you right into the teeth of battle field action: "shouting gun off they run into the endless gray" (endless gray of cannon smoke)

[@1SonorGirl]

I have to say I just love you guys! I'm a 60 year old woman and I have so much fun watching your reactions to a lot of my favorite music. Glad I found your channel, you keep my laughing!

[@warrior7350]

This is True Metal Right here!!!!

[@layyah0905]

To live is to die is their most emotional instrumental,a masterpiece. James solo on that one is his most special.

[@razvanboghi7502]

Metallica-Orion... Just instruments... Beautiful song!

[@tzeentchian]

Metallica isn’t rock, it’s metal

[@alexsherel3344]

It's Rock...in general. Some of their stuff IS metal but it's just hard rock in my book.

[@subway5907]

@@alexsherel3344 lol okay

[@tzeentchian]

Never heard a Metallica song yet that’s rock, but I suppose it’s a bit subjective

[@subway5907]

@@alexsherel3344 So Damage inc, The Four Horsemen and Master of Puppets is hard rock?

[@edgarbritz1663]

Is Thrash Metal

[@Khaymanbb1023]

Yes. Orion. Absolute killer track.

[@spfnorcal8955]

"ORION" & "SUICIDE & REDMEPTION" & "TO LIVE IS TO DIE" are three instrumentals you would dig!

[@tralph40]

“Orion” is a killer instrumental!!🔥. And “Fade to Black” for some lighter side awesomeness.

[@rongray9879]

Orion, call of the kthulu, to live is to die, anesthesia are all badass instrumentals from metallica

[@97warlock]

Goosebumps within 1 second of the first note!!! Cant listen to this at low volume!!

[@Milius47]

I remember holding this album in my hands a week after it was released. I already had Kill 'Em All and they were definitely the Kings of speed metal. I have matured and now understand why Slayer actually was. But 15 year old me holds them in the highest esteem.

[@jowbloe3673]

*La Villa Strangiato* is another great *Rush* instrumental.

[@Britton_Thompson]

The phrase "For whom the bell tolls" itself is an old saying that refers to those about to die

[@traduseuse5895]

You guys are a delight to watch. Thank you for taking me back down memory lane when I first discovered those songs... a lifetime ago. Can't wait to see you react to Orion or Call of Ktulu. Any chance you would give Queensryche a listen? I remember hearing Take Hold of the Flame for the first time... pure joy.

[@brettg274]

The instrumentals you MUST react to are “Orion” and “Call of Kthulu”. The only time I’ve seen Metallica play live, they only played 3 songs and this was one of them, at the Chris Cornell Tribute Concert.

[@josephpowell3949]

You can't get harder, fast, and, cleaner than Metallica!

[@robertchapman4488]

Orion is a killer instrumental by Metallica

[@thomasjr11111]

ORION!!! One of the greatest instrumentals ever recorded!

[@tg19581]

All of their albums are amazing. Every one. Every song. They have some thrash metal, amazing melodies, intense lyrics...Im a grandma and I love them!

[@milesnevin81]

Its a reference to the approach of the reaper, the inescapable countdown to your end, and how you will face it. Eyes cast down to the ground, or smiling to the sky, teeth barred

[@isaiahwelch8066]

Hey guys. To explain the lyrics, what he's basically saying is that at some point, death comes for us all. "Take a look at the sky/just before you die/its the last time you will" points to this. In a roundabout way, he's saying, value your life, and live it, because once the bell tolls for you, your life is over. This is why he also says that time marches on -- because it does, even after you die, though you never know it. It also reinforces the idea of living your life, because no matter what you do, time is the one adversary no man can defeat. I'm reminded of a movie quote from _Lethal Weapon:_ "You cant outrun the clock, Riggs." I hope this explains things a bit. I also have a reaction request for you! It is for you to react to Unleash the Archers, a power metal/speed metal band from Canada. They are female-fronted, and have some amazing music to choose from. While most reactors who hear them listen to Awakening first, I'm actually going to recommend a track called Apex first, because you like For Whom The Bell Tolls as much as you do. Here's the official audio video -- Apex by Unleash the Archers: kzbin.info/www/bejne/hIW6k4mLitCKo5Y

[@BlackieNuff]

There is an instrumental from this same album, the album closer, the almost-9-minute Call O Ktulu. It's pretty epic. The only "instrumental" on the first album is the bass solo (Anesthesia - Pulling Teeth), and the third album had Orion, which became pretty revered for its bass work since the bassist (Cliff Burton) died shortly after the album's release. To Live Is To Die is the instrumental (despite the few short lines of lyrics toward the end) which appeared on the next full album, and is the longest instrumental yet at a little over 9 minutes, which also became revered in the aftermath of Burton's death.

[@myproject13ttt]

I've seen Metallica in their Hay Day the 80's those Shows were Amazing👊🤘

[@tallycahamuhlhetru26]

They're STILL amazing

[@MegaAlan54321]

@@tallycahamuhlhetru26 I saw them open for Ozzy, saw the Damage Justice Tour, 3 times on the Black Album tour, Death Magnetic tour, and will see them 2 times in November at Welcome to Rockville. They always deliver.

[@Zseventyone]

"Hay Day"?? No. "Heyday"

[@myproject13ttt]

@@Zseventyone either way I think you know what I meant ✌️

[@Zseventyone]

@@myproject13ttt 😁🤘🏼

[@michaelgirdham7293]

This song has an amazing bass intro by the late great Cliff Birton

[@henrykosky3919]

ORION..INSTRUMENTAL

[@ChadCarlisle]

Instrumentals: Orion, Call of Khutula, and Bass Solo Anesthesia (Pulling Teeth). Great reaction

[@unklebacon44]

Orion is the instrumental you seek, the bell tolls for the soldier about to die in battle. "One" is their 1st video that won multiple awards. Very deep song and video. Lastly, Enter Sandman Live from Moscow 1991 is an excellent song on its own but there were reportedly 1.6 Million in attendance which is amazing to see.

[@billspivey6919]

Metal music, 70's rock, grunge... All the songs have a life lesson, or a real story. Not just noise, but substance

[@nickdion6985]

Great content guys. With Metallica; dive into the lyrics or have them up during. Their songs have deep meanings and it makes you appreciate what they've put out even more.

[@jeffy_k]

To live is to die.....all instrumental. By far the best in my opinion. And justice for all is my favorite album.

[@schillershop9036]

I took my 12 year old son to their last concert in Busch Stadium for his first concert. He absolutely loved it. I have seen them at least 6 times live. Best hard rock band of all time.

[@tommcclary8689]

I am still amazed that the opening is Cliff Burton on the bass. The bass. It's incredible.

[@megdelany5688]

Please react to: Metallica: -Enter Sandman -Nothing Else Matters -Wherever I May Roam -Fuel -Sad But True -Master of Puppets -King Nothing -The Unforgiven -Thanks!!!

[@andrewmoss3681]

Also Unforgiven II & III. If they're going to open that box, might as well rip the lid off

[@mikemclaughlin3306]

Lol......

[@denniscach5060]

You forgot Ride the Lightning!!!

[@mikemclaughlin3306]

@@denniscach5060 she forgot all the good songs.

[@theoneandonlyCatseye]

Seconded! All of these and then for female friday, react to Lissie covering "Nothing Else Matters" by Metallica and "Mother" by Danzig

[@victoriateague9012]

It's when someone dies they ring the church bells, There is a famous poem, For Whom the Bell Tolls. It's a great poem. IMO.😎

[@sarafrey3163]

So many great songs!

[@freedomfan4272]

Yes I could go on and on 😆. They been around since the early 80s so the list of songs is long

[@tattoosbymando]

What’s up guys, so I’ve been following you guys for a little bit already and I’ve been now going to your older videos to check you guys out. So I just saw this reaction to For whom the bell tolls, and you mentioned or asked if Metallica had any instrumentals for you to react… yes they do, some fucken masterpieces!!! My favorite Metallica song of all time is one of them, it was written and composed by they’re bassist Cliff Burton (RIP) who was in my opinion the heart and souls of Metallica, please please react to “ORION” I think both of you will love this song, matter of fact I can guarantee it!!! You won’t regret it.

[@randyrubert4177]

Not bad basic mataica song. You want something different listen to Edgar and Johnny Winters tobacco road live from 1970. Come on you can do it

[@robertovasquez1538]

GREAT REACTION GUYS!! METALLICA HAS SOME INSTRUMENTAL SONGS (MASTERPIECES). ONE OF THEM IS "THE CALL OF KTULU", IT'S FROM THE SAME ALBUM "FOR WHOM THE BELL TOLLS" IS. ANOTHER MASTERPIECE IS "ORION" FROM THE ALBUM MASTER OF PUPPETS. I SUGGEST YOU TO REACT THE LIVE VERSIONS, ENJOY THEM!!! 🤘🏼🎶

[@jayfarrell2959]

Damn not one second after I said listen to Metallica you have the best song ever in my opinion for whom the Bell tolls but watch st. anger for Metallica and San Quentin prison Saint anger I've always said why the hell would I watch somebody reacting to a song but I just got hooked on this s*** probably about 4 months ago and it is totally enjoyable thank you

[@susanconstable2113]

Several instrumentals! Nearly one on every album!

[@BongSabre]

Orion, Call of Ktulu, Anesthesia (Pulling Teeth) There is a two piece band called Rodrigo Y Gabriela that play the most beautiful version of Orion ever.