Dr.Ashwini Badhe talk on Refractive Errors II Feyre - Talk II

Refractive errors are common vision problems that occur when the shape of the eye prevents light from focusing directly on the retina. They can result in blurred vision, and the main types of refractive errors include:
Types of Refractive Errors
Myopia (Nearsightedness):
Description: Distant objects appear blurry while close objects can be seen clearly.
Cause: The eyeball is too long, or the cornea has too much curvature, causing light to focus in front of the retina.
Symptoms: Difficulty seeing distant objects, squinting, headaches, eye strain.
Hyperopia (Farsightedness):
Description: Close objects appear blurry while distant objects can be seen clearly.
Cause: The eyeball is too short, or the cornea has too little curvature, causing light to focus behind the retina.
Symptoms: Difficulty with close-up tasks such as reading, eye strain, headaches.
Astigmatism:
Description: Vision is blurred at all distances due to an irregularly shaped cornea or lens.
Cause: The cornea or lens is not perfectly spherical, causing light to focus on multiple points in or around the retina.
Symptoms: Distorted or blurred vision, eye discomfort, headaches.
Presbyopia:
Description: Age-related condition where the ability to focus on close objects decreases.
Cause: The lens of the eye becomes less flexible with age, making it harder to focus on close objects.
Symptoms: Difficulty reading small print, needing to hold reading material farther away, eye strain, headaches.
Diagnosis
Eye Examination: Comprehensive eye exams including visual acuity tests, refraction tests, and the use of a phoropter to determine the correct prescription for glasses or contact lenses.
Retinoscopy: A technique where a light is shined into the eye, and the reflection (reflex) is observed to estimate the refractive error.
Keratometry/Topography: Measures the curvature of the cornea, especially useful for diagnosing astigmatism.
Prevention and Management
Regular Eye Exams: Early detection and treatment of refractive errors can prevent complications and improve quality of life.
Protective Eyewear: Using protective eyewear in situations that might cause eye injury.
Healthy Lifestyle: Maintaining a healthy diet, avoiding smoking, and protecting eyes from excessive UV light.
Refractive errors are highly treatable, and with proper diagnosis and corrective measures, individuals can achieve clear vision and improve their overall eye health.
If you face any of the vision problems , kindly get in touch with your ophthalmologist immediately.