Dragon Fight Physics | Because Science Footnotes

[@becausescience]

Thanks for watching, Super Nerds! *Here's the link to last week's video* kzbin.info/www/bejne/i4Wxd2adgNxqfKs -- kH

[@yourin8er]

Is the next video going to be a Dr. Moo episode? Gg

[@DarthGTB]

03:39 - In the south of Brazil, during Autumn-Winter (which can get pretty cold) we use to sit outside in sunny days for warming and eating tangerines (we call it bergamota. Not to be confused with bergamot). We call that lazy under the sun non-activity, lagartear (kind of "lizarding" as _lagarto = lizard_ + _ear = transforms the noun into a verb_ ). It is worth noting that we don't usually have thermostats or radiators for warming up the house (imagine that when we get negative celcius temperatures)

[@greentitan0262]

I want to take a note on the hydra, the point of the hydra is: for each is CUT OF two more take its place, so yea, the firearm method should still work, as long the brainstem is CONNECTED (i assume it is by that method, please feel free to set another explenation) to the brain and spinal nerve it should not regenerate 2 more heads (thinking even further: what if all the heads are cut of at the same moment, how can the nerv system determen how they need to regenerate heads? i would say there is an extended/reperate brain somewhere in the animal that acts as a failsafe. (cuz in the mythos it was completely undone of its heads, but still regenerated)) so headshots would kill the heads, but they wont generate, but the 'body' would still be able to move (at least like an octopuss limbs would) and to top it of why not try to shoot in the heart via the base of the neck where the softer tisseus are? if it cant circulate its blood, all the cells will just die anyways

[@sinisterbamf]

Well, if they need an igniter, or something to set off a spark, they could have chewed on some type of stone. Some lizards (like the bearded dragon) chew on stones searching for minerals that they need. If a dragon were to do the same, and had gotten flint stuck in its teeth from chewing on different rocks. It could use flint as the ignition source.

[@jenjenhocho3188]

Because Science hey KH, are you dragonborne? 😁

[@arkron81]

"[A headshot] works on anything mythical." -Kyle What about the headless horseman?

[@ravenhall254]

Paranormal and mythical are two different categories

[@arkron81]

@@ravenhall254 They're not mutually exclusive categories. The Headless Horseman is both mythical and "paranormal".

[@matthewlindsley3298]

If you land a head-shot on the headless horseman I’m sure it would hurt...

[@SargeantDorito]

@@matthewlindsley3298 I've seen a lot of depictions where he carried a Jack o' lantern and spoke through it. Anyone try shooting that pumpkin?

[@GeorgieBonsoir]

Raven Hall Paranormal means, "not normal", so I think anything fantasy or mythology fits into that. Dragons ain't normal son.

[@OGSontar]

"Caustic hot butt-gas" which coincidentally enough is the name of my new Death Metal Grunge band.

[@sdfkjgh]

Sontar: Grindcore might be a better genre fit.

[@twelvefootnine]

Kyle is going to "make the night sky a little brighter" 'eh? Translation: He's gonna moon us. Supervillain confirmed!

[@VNM-xg3ix]

Thanks for the laugh.

[@goldenknight578]

Thanks for the visual. I may never sleep again.

[@darknessinc.Inc830]

We're dooooomed, ruuuuun

[@SwagbitoUchiha]

This just in; Kyle pisses on the moon

[@goldenknight578]

@@SwagbitoUchiha ...And hundreds of stranded tardigrades drown.

[@scooterjannik]

Scientists: Global Warming is a threat to humanity Also Scientists: Let´s make Jupiter into a second sun

[@CosmicG777]

Yeah but Jupiter is much further from the Earth and and so much smaller it wouldn't really make that much of a difference.

[@DanielRieger]

Global warming is far from a treat

[@hazeltree7738]

We could potentially build a Dyson Sphere around it for almost unlimited and more safe and eco-friendly than nuclear technology.

[@Sol-Invictus]

I think the scientist just read Arthur C Clarke 2001 series then wondered how you turn Jupiter into a sun like the book says the monolith.. One of the monoliths I should say did.

[@ribbitgoesthedoglastnamehe4681]

@@DanielRieger But, its so tasty and delectable!

[@Leubast]

All this dragon talk and not a single "But what about dragons?" Shadiversity reference.

[@g.davidturnblom5751]

Great point!

[@zerberus_ms]

Was just about to write it myself

[@abinayafuun6839]

Your explanation on the dragon living in caves question might explain why dragons (european dragons) are usually shown sleeping on a pile of treasure. Dragons might be smart enough to be able to know that getting gold and other metals from people are easier than finding them in caves Dragons breathing fire to their food/prey before eating it is probably to kill any bacteria and micro organsims that can be harmful to the dragon The long body shape that some dragons have are also probably an adaptation to live in the caves The bright colorations some dragons have are also probably for mating like how male lizards have brighter coloration that females Dragons also probably get their fire breath ability by eating minerals they find in caves and puts them in special sack that can struck the minerals together and lighting the oxygen + gas breath to create a fire breath

[@jacktheomnithere2127]

A bit like the dragons in medieval paintings.

[@otakuman706]

Yeah I was thinking about some of thaf when he brought up the coated sheep cooment- while dragons do eat stuff raw plenty of times, I imagine that they would at least 'lightly cook' them when they easily can- possibly denaturing the toxin as was mentioned. If you could have the toxin inside of the sacrificial animal that may help but with the amount you'd need you'd be presenting a dead or dying (or at least ill) sheep. Maybe one could perform something like a surgery to place a pouch or whatnot inside of it which could protect from said cooking, although again there could be problems with this. Maybe a larger sacrifice would be easier to do this with allowing a larger amount of toxin- enough to effect the dragon in time, after it is digested. I mean the toxin, depending on how it was placed in the animal to be presented would likely still start to effect it, but it may give mkre wiggle room before it starts to negatively impact the sacrifice to the point where the dragon wouldn't eat it or may more cautiously do so if it does anyway. Since the amount needed to effect the dragon would obviously be much larger than what would effect the prey animal it may very quickly cause issues in its appeal if not done right. I mean going the 'surgical' route you'd want to do it well contained so it doesn't effect the sacrifice, at least too much, but not so well contained that it may pass through the dragon undigested or even just slowly enough digested that it doesn't effect it enough. Maybe a toxin that could easily be made gaseous could be a choice if using stealth. Sneaking in and placing whatever you are using near said dragon then retreating to let it do it work. If you could find a toxin which could be gaseous somewhat easily, without being denatured maybe you could spike the dragons 'metal warming bed'. Then as it warms up the metal it causes the toxin to become gaseous and the dragon could take it in as it is warming up on his hoard. Any toxins on 'the top' or exposed portions may burn off but if enough was allowed to pool underneath the pile it may be heated just enough to become gaseous without destroying it. Being in a fantasy setting may make this more difficult as you'd need to know what to use, how to do everything etc. without some of the advanced knowledge of many of these steps. But may be a possibility I would think given the apothecaries and whatnot. Living alongside giant monsters could easily make this type of research something of importance- much more so than in our world in the similar period. Just a few quick thoughts on my part, I'd like to actually think abiut the finer points but can't atm- probably a lot of fine tuning would be needed for this to be a proper tactic but I think it could be something to look into. Edit- Not doing this myself atm, busy (well very ill actually) and just making a quick post from my phone atm.

[@Gryphon2026]

@@otakuman706 Thanks, you touched on a lot of really cool points about the dragon and it's lair and other ways to go about killing the dragon. I really appreciate this because I'm trying to put together a D&D game and I now plan on using some of your suggestions in my game, so thank you! I'm always looking for things to use in a game lol!🤓🤓🤓 P.S. I genuinely hope you make a quick recovery!

[@otakuman706]

@@Gryphon2026 No problem, glad it helped mate :) And good luck with the dnd stuff- i really wanna get back into it soon, been far too long since I've been able to myself. And thanks for the well wishes. Maybe more details than need here, but its a chronic condition that doesn't really go away but eases down and flares up. At this point I take any time Im not entirely miserable as a gift lol. Started feeling down about it when it started but now I just consider myself lucky to be better off than it could be, all in all I know I'm lucky and things could always be worse. Makes things much better, perspective is a powerful ally if used right lol. Take care and enjoy that dnd for me too lol. Edit- after your comment I think I may use some of my 'free' time to start designing some extensive dnd campaigns again, always used to find them... Like meditative. Could be nice to get through those rougher periods. Last one was huge with four or five multi-level, sprawing, themed side dungeons in them as 'secret' areas that allowed for like useful side quests that added flavor as well as occasionally providing nice bonuses for the main sections.

[@adambielen8996]

Although if dragons were warmblooded then that would easily explain how they are able to live in caves.

[@jackielinde7568]

Yay! Senpai Kyle noticed me! Thank you for making me a Super Nerd again. (Seriously, this has validated the many nerdy days my teenage self spent obsessing about all things D&D related in the 80's. You know, instead of doing things more productive. Like homework.)

[@Ipanophis]

Pfft. DnD is homework bro. Math. 😉

[@TFPianime]

You sound like Will from Stranger Things

[@jackielinde7568]

@@TFPianime While I haven't seen Stranger Things, I'm old enough to be one of the characters from Stranger Things. The 80's were a fun decade to live through. ;)

[@rulerworld1289]

You're In your 40s. Please don't call people senpai

[@jackielinde7568]

@@rulerworld1289 Dude... It's... A... Joke... It's a way of making my thank you a bit entertaining. So, I'm going to continue to call Kyle "Senpai" as long as I find it funny. (And I don't think it hurt Kyle one bit. So, PPPPBBBBTHTHTHTTHTH :P )

[@OrlandoAponte]

I see the words "dragon fight" and immediately "One They Fear" from Skyrim plays in my head

[@Tybuscus]

But, there is one they fear. . He is Dovahkiin, Dragonborn! Fus Ro Dah!

[@TheRealGuywithoutaMustache]

Hi, Thor. Please explain the physics of how the Ender dragon knocks you away like a billion blocks by flying into you

[@paurepiccheeseman]

Conservation of momentum my dude

[@ryankunst668]

Just Some Guy without a Mustache the same way a car knocks you through the air by driving in to you.

[@sageroncka2529]

I mean when you think about it the ender dragon probably weighs about the same as a semi truck

[@ArkaSaurusRex218]

Newtonian physics

[@smartart6841]

Veryone here forgets that itd get hurt if it slammed into you with enough force to knock you away.

[@maggnus87]

could you harness volcanic lightning in order to make a superweapon? ehemmm i mean to get unlimited energy?

[@maggnus87]

i mean, with what we can do with geothermal and lightning rods today i bet an active volcano could generate insane amounts of power with the right tech.

[@Ben-yd7hb]

Kyle, being a super villain would prefer the super weapon

[@popoha4380]

Well no and I hope Kyle would agree that harnessing energy discharges is a diabolically creative way to attain energy but all current methods of energy collection we hoomuns have need to be more efficient. We harness the power of planet to spin a turbine that turns a crank inside of a coil ect. potential being lost all the while. Even so called lightning rods cannot carry voltage efficiently they are designed to dissipate and or direct the energy before harm is done to a structure. So in terms of a super weapon converting the planet's own discharge is far less efficient than say a fission or fusion reaction.

[@sailingvesselchineel2253]

Asking for a friend? ;)

[@darknessinc.Inc830]

We have materials that Hot resistent?

[@SpookyStu]

I never thought after casually watching an episode of your show that I would dig this so much. You work well with your format, and I appreciate the enthusiasm.

[@saintmayhem9873]

If dragons do in fact start the combustion inside of them and the combustion forces eject the fire; would making a giant really strong lasso and snaring the mouth shut after the initial inhale cause the dragon to uhm... aggressively disassemble itself? So ... perhaps the strongest weapon isn't a weapon at all but an enhanced tool for herding and caring for cattle. a.k.a. rope. (all rope in D&D is magic. Don't ask, just know that there were many many times my D&D parties were saved miraculously with rope. You never know what you're gonna use it for, you just know you're gonna need it.)

[@jeremybrimmer1990]

Roll to attack: natural 1. DM "you lasso the dragons tongue which pulls you inside of its throat where you are braised to a nice crisp by its saliva."

[@bjrabang3111]

I'm fairly certain that the lining for parts exposed to the fire like the combustion chamber, esophagus, mouth is at the very least extremely fire resistant if not outright fireproof. Otherwise, it'd be just like making a gun barrel that's partly wooden. If there's a chance for dragons to blow up during the process of fire breathing they wouldn't have survived in the first place. On the other hand, if it's an external combustion type where the dragon spews out fuel then ignites it outside turning into fire then it's more vulnerable, since if the fuel isn't ejected fast enough there might be a chance the fire to travel "upstream" and burn the dragon from the inside.

[@darknessinc.Inc830]

I don't think in the world exist a kind of flesh resistent to fire, just some pure alcol thrown into their mouth and you'll have to eat cooked dragon chops, for... 2 month for an entire village? Lmao

[@bjrabang3111]

That's exactly my point, if all it took to kill a dragon was to throw a bunch of flammables into its mouth & wait for it breathe fire & then blow up from sympathetic explosion it would be immensely stupid. If that were really the case then dragons would've been hunted to extinction instead of causing fear & terror. Which is why I'm assuming there's a design or a feature that either minimizes or prevents such a flaw. That's why I'm assuming that the parts exposed to high heat & temperatures are either resistant or immune to high heat & temperatures.

[@darrendoesthings2021]

@@bjrabang3111 Well honestly , even without the ability to breathe fire it's still gonna be an absolute nightmare to fight a giant flying lizard that can rip you to shreds

[@blazedgamingkr1438]

So in other words, dragons are internal combustion engines that can eat you. Duly noted.

[@DFloyd84]

The moral of this story is "Don't play D&D with STEM majors."

[@burnin8able]

As a mechanical engineering graduate, I can agree, which is why I'm the DM.

[@meganofsherwood3665]

But STEM majors are the most fun to play with! You can science everything! At least until your Engineer DM says no

[@chrisdontbenosy8458]

Imma be honest when my DM (he's in his 3rd year of college) told me that the sword i had produced "Trinitroxypropane" or "Nitroglycerin" as its normally called, i was like "Ah! That guy sounds like a villain"

[@burnin8able]

@@chrisdontbenosy8458 that just sounds like your DM wants to sound smart by giving vague sciency "backing" to a flametongue sword lol

[@Chroniclerope]

@@meganofsherwood3665 making a book legal steam Jetpack was my favorite.

[@kirkforthewin]

I've always liked the Reign of Fire thought process on how Dragons produce the fire that they breath. That it being two napalm like substances that the dragon secretes from two glands on each side of the mouth, that when mixed together produces fire.

[@globenstine1335]

i mean, you could always throw legos all over its cave floor then slap it awake and run outside. EZ

[@jackielinde7568]

Interesting... Interesting... Except that caltrops rarely take down anything. You'll just inflict pain, minor wounds on the feet, and piss off a dragon even more. BTW, can I offer you a few spears?

[@Gryphon2026]

Ooh that's just plain old evil!🤣🤣🤣 I may use this in my D&D game! Thanks 🤓🤓🤓

[@AryadiSubagio]

You forgot the fact that you will also step on all those legos

[@ls200076]

@@AryadiSubagio A needed sacrifice

[@EpherosAldor]

Hey Kyle, I'm not sure if you know of this but there was a mock-umentary from back in 2004 called "Dragon's World: A Fantasy Made Real". In this mockumentary, they scientifically speculate the existence of dragons by imagining one of the mythical beasts was discovered frozen in a mountainous cave and a couple scientists start deconstructing the body to recreate and understand the beast. There was a lot of really interesting analysis. For instance, they posited that the dragon required food to decompose in a gizzard like sac that would produce hydrogen. and when dragons got just old enough they would search out mountain sides with platinum ore and grind the ore so it embedded into its teeth. Then, when they breathe that hydrogen it would react with the platinum to cause a spark and ignite their 'breath'. I saw this on tv a long while back and bought the dvd later. It was really intriguing. You should hunt that down and watch it, about 1.5 hours long.

[@gagnonguitars]

I saw that on KZbin a couple years ago, I haven't heard any me ton of it since then. Nice to know I'm not the only one who watched it!

[@talanigreywolf7110]

Yeah, in the animated version (Rankin Bass) of the Hobbit, Smaug had 6 limbs. 4 abulatory and 2 wings.

[@mythologynut]

I've been watching the old Static Shock cartoon and I'm seeing quite a few things that would be interesting for you to look at. Like his Static Cling trick, the way he flies around on a metal disk, or the little things he does like listening to a cd without a player or making phone call by tapping into the phone lines with his power. On a super villainous note: how would you go about defeating the stretchy heroes and villains like Mr. Fantastic, Plastic Man, or Rubber band Man.

[@B00M-]

Could Rapture (Bioshock) exist or how to construct underwater city????

[@bottomtext4343]

Dr Boom no

[@donaldblake2883]

I think other KZbinrs have covered that. I know Game Theory did years ago.

[@kierynkelly7374]

The next episode about turning Jupiter into a proto star sounds awesome, I've heard scientist talk about how some gas giants (larger then Jupiter class) are basically failed stars like brown dwarfs. I first came about this through playing mass effect 2 lol

[@BLynn]

Most of these ideas were outlined in Reign of Fire. Matter fact Matthew McConaughey's character uses an ax to attack the "big daddy" dragon.

[@MonkeyJedi99]

War pick is better. Put all of your newtons on a point instead of a line.

[@a-blivvy-yus]

*SPOILER WARNING* It doesn't end well...

[@Tman001100]

Lmao @ 6:58 and how he says, "...if you wanna put it on your blade." That and the closeup had me dying 🤣🤣

[@baddragonite]

A really really long sword? Now I'm just imagining Sephiroth fighting a Trex Dragon

[@thelocust619]

I mean...a spear does that without sucking.

[@Tommyvang187]

sounds like Monster hunter lol.

[@bubbles69138]

hey kyle!

[@zachhampton3630]

"How to turn Jupiter into a second sun with a black hole." Kyle, you just said the sentence I never knew I needed to hear...

[@chalgress12]

the distance between stars being represented as a walnut in reading and a small peanut in johannesburg and other such dizzying concepts is, while possibly incorrect in scale, one of my favorite sci-fi explanations of how big space is.

[@SuperGokuSon]

Well.... attack a dragon with a Light Saber! fight imagination with imagination!!!

[@tiagotiagot]

Heat based weapons are probably not very useful against dragons...

[@jacktheomnithere2127]

And the light sabre will set you on fire the second you activate it. As Kyle said (or demonstrated) many times before.

[@kinroga]

@@jacktheomnithere2127 light saber grenades?

[@jacktheomnithere2127]

Don't know how they'd work, but could be a cool concept.

[@kinroga]

@@jacktheomnithere2127 id assume you just make a stronger light saber but it has a timer after turning it on and throwing it

[@TheHornedKing]

Would have loved to hear your thoughts about dragon classifications. Dragon, wyvern, drake, wyrm etc.

[@LostSoulNexus]

And eastern vs western Dragons

[@jonathanschaefer9848]

"Apothecary Elwes" is maybe best joke ever. I tip my hat to you good Sir Knight. Also I'd watch any D&D game you play.

[@theCidisIn]

"HOW BIG IS IT!?" Well it's stilll expanding so that's a temporal question isn't it?

[@solluxcaptor5743]

Hey Kyle. Love the videos. I'm making a dungeons and dragons character as of this moment with a cross hybrid of dragons and half elf (ice and gold dragons) and idk about most fiction but my dragon sides will allow my character to use internal fluid development along with oxygen to produce the fire and ice breath abilities, just as noted around 9:05. One side produces nitrogen, the other, liquid white phosphorus. I would like to note as a correction to someone's mention that dragons are typically immune to their own breath abilities (fire dragons are immune to fire), otherwise they would be able to kill themselves simply from genetic defect.

[@aitchpea6011]

I mean, Dragons can breathe fire. They can probably regulate their internal temperature quite well.

[@cucuhangtuah1]

I'd argue that feeling warm inside does Not make the outside warm. I've had a high fever in an air conditioned room and let me tell you it ain't cozy.

[@mavrickmike16]

Hey Kyle love the channel! When you started this video talking about a ship with life support. It got me wondering.. in a enclosed space how many trees would it take to support one human?

[@GingerGigantus]

What if the dragon uses the deep breath to compress the substance into ignition and to propel the fluid forward?

[@pizzas4breakfast]

Maybe it breathes in to be able to blow the fire outwards instead of just lighting his lips on fire, much like a circus fire breather will blow out his breath when spitting out the alcohol or whatever they use when fire breathing

[@sparkthefloofyprotogen3556]

Scientifically we have a fuel source and a way to ignite it. magicly I use red fire and black lightning

[@Gryphon2026]

Very interesting idea! I love reading the comments in these types of vids because they give me a lot of ideas for my D&D game! 🤓🤓🤓

[@macgibbon]

Hey Kyle, The movie Van Helsing had vampire vision much like you want to see. I think it was mostly blacked out with just the bloodflow lit up.

[@kyleshultz5481]

"Not Pluto, though..." Too soon, man. Too soon.

[@Empisee]

URANium NEPTUNium PLUTOnium Until we change the periodic table, Pluto counts as a planet in my book.

[@austinlorden4355]

So I love all of the inside jokes (the void and being a super villain which we all know you are) could the omnipotent voice that you did at the start of the video be a new thing? That would be awesome and really funny with some possibilities of breaking the fourth wall which would be really entertaining. Thank you for all the amazing content and hard work you and the entire crew puts in. Keep up the great work and all the nerdy discussion!!

[@danielwills5387]

Alright, you covered how red and brass dragons have fire breath. What about lightning, acid, and cold breath?

[@zestyspider3266]

Don't forget poison and necrotic for green and shadow(?) dragons

[@bjrabang3111]

It might be biological, electric eels have organs that generate electricity so if there's a way to discharge it into the air the negatively charged particles will automatically seek the nearest positively charged particles allowing it to sail through the air, similar to what lightning does. For acid it's probably similar to some snakes that spit poison. They would have an organ that's similar to a poison sac with ducts ending in the mouth. The process will most likely be like aerosols with the acid being mist like & light enough to stay in midair. Range and direction are then determined by the dragon's exhalation. For cold I think it's similar to my acid explanation, but instead of an organ producing & storing acid it's an organ that acts like a refrigeration unit, that cools & stores cold gas, like nitrogen. The stored gas is expelled during exhalation, mixing into the air forming the ice breath.

[@Drkwll]

@@bjrabang3111 Lightning dragons would be useless unless they discharged the electrons at close to the speed of light. At very slow speeds the lightning would just be short range and inaccurate.

[@horse14t]

@@bjrabang3111 You could also use "Hot Ice" or Sodium Acetate for "Ice breath" And it can be forged in nature much easier then liquid nitrogen. All you need to do is add water to it to make it "freeze". The reaction also causes heat while it looks like ice hence the nickname.

[@bjrabang3111]

@horse: thanks for the additional info :-D @drkwell: electrons can travel slowly?

[@otakuman706]

Geez I love this community (and the content of course), the hypergolic chemical reaction stuff was one of my first thoughts on this.

[@shawncouch2243]

Speaking of vampires, how would a vampire survive on human blood alone?

[@Somber_Knight]

By The Power of UNDEATH, I Have The Power!!! Bat-Man Also vampires don't just drink "Human" blood, they can (and do) drink whatever blood they want.

[@shawncouch2243]

@@Somber_Knight Depends on the mythos and lore behind the story.

[@LycanDreams9159]

This would be a great way to go into how vampire bats digest and get nutrients from blood since that is the closest analogy to fictional vampires

[@arkvoodleofthesacredcrotch6060]

Usually by drinking it :p jk All of the nutrients you need to stay alive travel through your blood don't they?

[@steeljawX]

Depends on where the humans are from and also if the condition of the human effects the nutrient content they absorb/process. Like some people could end up giving them diabetes, hyper tension, or maybe even second hand drunk and a struggling liver if it was a literal "you are what you eat." But if a vampire's body functions anywhere close to any other fleshy body on this planet, it would basically be geared to turn "food" stuff into some kind of glucose their body is capable of using. Sure there's other nutrients gained from food, but the main thing is metabolic energy. And that usually ends up meaning turn X into some form of glucose. Anything from the most Atkins of carnivores to the absolute vegan of herbivores and everything in between; the body ultimately will break down proteins, carbs, and fats into glucose to fuel itself. That being said, a strictly liquid diet that vampires are stereotyped to have, think about whether or not you would be able to survive on a soup and juice diet with a RNG factor deciding what you eat that day. Some times you get a hearty chowder or minestrone, other days you're unlucky with super watered down broth. Doable, but probably not the most enjoyable. If you are "manufactured" for or adapt to such a life style, you could do it.

[@ts25679]

The whole thought experiment around the 9-minute mark seems very reminiscent of Flight of Dragon's with the discrete chambers in the stomach for partitioning the gases, and the electrostatic ignition provided by the Thor thimble, though I will concede the addition of a deep breath to get the oxygen fuel mix right was a new insight.

[@sdfkjgh]

Kyle, I ask again: Are we dealing with -African or European swallows- _Draco nobilis, Draco vulgaris, or Draco aurientalis_ ?

[@atmo-sphere6799]

What? I didn't know that. *AAAAAAAA!!!!!*

[@ripghotihook]

@@atmo-sphere6799 How do you know so much about swallows?

[@cobraglatiator]

?? explain.

[@michaeloliver5892]

Translation: Are we dealing with Nice Dragon, Nasty Dragon, or Asian Dragon?

[@sdfkjgh]

cobraglatiator, Michael Oliver: Actually, I was referring to, and extrapolating from, this: wiki.lspace.org/mediawiki/Swamp_dragon wiki.lspace.org/mediawiki/Noble_dragon wiki.lspace.org/mediawiki/Agatean_Empire wiki.lspace.org/mediawiki/Counterweight_continent (aka The Aurient, due to the vast amounts of gold there).

[@otakuman706]

And woot, excited fof the upcoming Jupiter into a star episode, can't wait. Man I absolutely love this show and community, these nerdy discussions are fantastic.

[@iowafarmboy]

I've always wondered if Jupiter could be turned into a 2nd sun. Really looking forward to the next episode!!

[@boeubanks7507]

Well, Jupiter is only an order of magnitude shy of being a star by mass. So, if you could compress it to suppliment the force of gravity, it is possible. Interestingly, this is a similar process to that of modern thermonuclear weapons. A small fission core produces heat and energy in a confined space that compresses a mixture of, usually, deuterium and tritium to force fusion. Additional 'stages' of fusion cores can be added to multiply the power output. Each stage successively compressing and 'igniting' the next stage until the enclosure fails.

[@petrsevcik5044]

They did it in Star Gate. In one of the hypothetical future kind of episode, with a help from (not actualy so friendly) aliens.

[@brecraft1234]

I love the fact that the people in this channel are so smart!! Here, in Brazil, it's rare to find someone with this intelligence level.

[@blipco5]

So a dragon produces flames by belching up gasses from it's stomach sorta like when you light a fart on fire? 🔥

[@LostSoulNexus]

Or magic...

[@ls200076]

@@LostSoulNexus nah

[@watchmiker]

Hey thanks Kyle! I really enjoy watching and commenting on your vids! Thanks for all the fun. I had a thought that the superpower to phase through objects would be a terrible superpower. Maybe it could be one of your "you don't want 'x' superpower" vids?

[@Reilsss]

Guess I'm to late for the dragon fight video to comment it. I was always wondering. Why does always everyone kill a dragon. Would it not be a possible solution to become friend with a dragon instead. I mean animals arn't by default evil. Also friends normaly wont try kill or eat another.

[@boeubanks7507]

Good luck with that. I have a cobra you may want to speak with as well. Animals act on instinct and instinctively carnivores see anything meaty and smaller than them as prey. Now, if we are talking about sentient dragons like in Dragon Heart or Eragon (Book only please. The movie was horrible.) You may have a chance. Assuming it doesn't kill you on sight because a human has come into its cave and everyone that did that before tried to kill it.

[@jackielinde7568]

It depends on the mythos. If you're talking Asian myths, dragons are closer to fey beings or spirits than just giant lizards. So, you would be able to. In a lot of the western mythos, dragons were more animalistic, so it would be like trying to negotiate with a bear or a lion. I don't know of any stories from the asian world that involve hunting and killing dragons, but this is a very common theme over Europe. (Blame St. George for that.) Dragons are one place Tolkien kind of rewrites the western mythos (and he does this A LOT. Just read about Elves and Dwarves, and you're likely to read HIS elves and dwarves, not the actual myths that were before his books.) Tolkien makes dragons to be sentient, intelligent, and evil. Which is kind of the stereotype of a dragon we're talking here. And, Central and South American myths have dragons as gods, so good luck with that.

[@davenclawthehobbit2842]

While that would be effective in removing the threat, many of the dragons one wants to kill are based on the Western/European dragon. While Eastern dragons were symbols of wisdom, even gifting the emperor the Chinese alphabet, Western dragons were made to be symbols of evil by the various Western religions. There would only be placated with acts of sin, greed (hording lots of gold), rage (destruction of entire villages) or lust (young maidens being sacrifices). They were often portrayed as mindless beasts of destruction. Thus, befriending a traditional Western dragon would be nigh impossible. Recent years have seen some blending with dragons being ancient beings, multifaceted in personally and interests, but that kind still rarely is an "issue" one would need to kill.

[@ripmowt]

10:05 since the 1st video i was waiting for kyle to mention the movie 'Reign of Fire' which give this exact explanation for dragon fire breath.

[@pokemastercube]

can you look into the science of createing the super human space marines from warhammer

[@sdfkjgh]

If he does that, he should just jump to the most logical terminus: ANGRY MARINES! SOUND OFF LIKE YOU'VE GOT A FUCKING PAIR!! *ALWAYS ANGRY! ALL THE TIME!!!*

[@urfaes6878]

"Flight of Dragons" addressed the fiery expulsion as well. A dragon has an organ called "Thor's Thimble" which causes an electric spark. The gasses from the limestone causes lift, so a dragon burned the gas as dragon fire to descend.

[@abdulrahmanmahmoud6288]

Yoooo when r u gonna do that episode bout how to stop time like DIO from JoJo's bizzare adveture IRL???...like so that he can see it...plez do that episode❤️❤️❤️

[@dolphinexpert2748]

Time is relative to speed. The only way to actually stop time for you is to move at the speed of light, which is impossible for us to do without bending space and or getting destroyed

[@abdulrahmanmahmoud6288]

@@dolphinexpert2748 lol do u think I care about science nah dud I watch cuz I rly like these edits😂😂..I am also sure everyone is like me😂😂😂

[@dolphinexpert2748]

@@abdulrahmanmahmoud6288 Some people do. Im sure Kyle can explain this 1000 times better than me, especially with these edits. I still tried /:

[@Haki145]

@@abdulrahmanmahmoud6288 You're trying really hard to look fucking stupid.

[@dolphinexpert2748]

@@Haki145 Don't be toxic. Some people just don't like science. I have a lot of friends who are like this. It's nothing to be ashamed of

[@Tybuscus]

I realise that this has more place on the original video, but Kyle makes what I believe to be a generalization based on the story we've been told about the dragon. He assumes that the dragon has a "soft underbelly". If the creature had actually evolved, however, I believe it would be more likely that the top side of a dragon would be more vulnerable. Its only real predators are humanoids, who are usually going to be below it during combat: due to its stature when grounded, or for obvious reasons when flying. In addition, the practice of dragons laying on piles of treasure for hundreds of years at a time may yield an advantage to any soft-fleshed dragon. A makeshift armor of gems, and gold (admittedly not the strongest armor, but generally better than nothing) is quite likely to form due to the constant pressure of a dragon's weight.

[@popoha4380]

Addressing Flight of Dragons, if it is the movie i recall the dragons did look like bloated blimps with wings for steering explaining how their fire breath is a byproduct of the flying bio mechanics but in that same move a wizard claims to be able to pluck the very sun from the sky and is beaten by a nerd who explains the impossibility of said claim in a very nice way in that where you believe you see the sun is actually lag and the rotation of the planet we are in in conjunction with said visual lag means by the time your so called magic reaches where you think the target is we will be thousands of miles pointed in another direction. The power of Nerds in movies is powerful indeed. Keep up the good work Kyle. I hope to mtg your face one day.

[@drunkredninja]

FYI the vampire vision thing has been done in the game Vampyr already.

[@LostSoulNexus]

And blades blood sight thing

[@drunkredninja]

@@LostSoulNexus how could i forget :X

[@whoiamiamnot2334]

Anytime someone says black hole Soundgarden starts to play in my head.

[@scepta101]

All I got from the “next week’s episode” portion was “next week we will just be playing Universe Sandbox 2”

[@chaosXP3RT]

In the anime Gate: they just shoot dragons with missiles, machineguns and artillery shells. That kills them pretty well

[@Olav_Hansen]

About superfast travel: 1: when you get closer to light speed, time flow around you slows down. 2: speed is distance/time So in the hypothetical scenario that if you were inside an object travelling close to the speed of light, and you would calculate the speed you were going just by how fast you passed certain objects (given they are still perceivable when you travel at such a tremendous speed), wouldn't it be possible to get a speed value that comes out higher than our known lightspeed, just because the perception of time has changed? I think it would be interesting if there were a scifi universe in which they actually reached "lightspeed" without breaking physics. Would also have interesting effects on characters, making it almost feel like time travel each journey they take.

[@Kestas_X]

4:33 As a child I even had the idea of dragons forging metals onto her soft belly with their firebreath.

[@LilithLonelyHeart]

6:00 well medieval alchemists were tinkering around many weird substances and often producing highly toxic brews of different chemicals, maybe they could discover it by accident like we discovered so many things that way 13:20 well Van Helsing from 2004 had a scene where one of the main vampires was fighting the companion of the main protagonist and for a short, while we had a glimpse of the vampires' vision when in dark she could see al the blood veins in her target but this effect got worn out while lightning stroke lighting up room in which scene took place

[@darkmagician2904]

I hope Kyle mentions the space odyssey series since they do the same thing in the books but with the obelisks.

[@ChrisTian-ed8ol]

What if the dragon used the hydrogen not only for lift, but also thrust? Such as through glands in between certain parts of its scales?

[@Gryphon2026]

That's a really cool and interesting idea that I'd not heard of before! 😮🤓🤓🤓

[@ChrisTian-ed8ol]

@@Gryphon2026 Thanks, I just figured if other creatures could create some form of heat/fire/acid through certain parts of 5heir bodies why couldn't a dragon, which is extremely tough, do something similar.

[@VeggiePun]

6:20 is just the Potion seller video LMAO "Potion seller, I need your strongest potions!"

[@Hathyathevashir]

With this weeks upcoming episode, I think Kyle needs to test how to actually do this in Universe Sandbox 2

[@Fiery25123]

Hey Kyle, love the show! (Especially the Fire parts) I have a question- I remember reading that Jup-jup protects the solar system from all sorts of spacey threats with its big honkin' gravitational sphere of influence. How does that work exactly? And how would that be affected if we set it on Fiiiii- I mean..... Star-fied it...?

[@ScreenFiends]

Reign of Fire has the best Dragon fire explanation in my opinion, which aligns the fart beetle.

[@adambielen8996]

Longswords do just fine chopping into flesh, however, they do very poorly at cutting through armor (like Dragon Scales). Also swords were used in executions, there is even a specific sword called and Executioner's Sword that was designed for this very purpose.

[@michaeloliver5892]

The Exeuctioner's Sword is basically just an Axe that took viagra. It's not fit for a battlefield.

[@adambielen8996]

@@michaeloliver5892 Yes it isn't fit for a battlefield but neither is an executioner's axe. And it only similar to an axe due to the fact that they both chop things, which can be said about most swords that have an edge.

[@shade8608]

@becausescience I'd say that it could be possible that Dragons could live around massive flint deposits, and it'd just line it's mouth with flint, grind it's teeth together, creating a spark, and then exhale a breathe so STRONG, it creates fire. Hence, that MAY, and I do repeat MAY be the reason as to why there is so much art, and stories of dragons being on mountaintops.

[@doratheexploder286]

The fire "breathing" could work like a spitting cobra, where 2 glands/sacks holds one of each chemical component. Whether it is dispersed through the hollow teeth (is it called teeth in a venomous snake?) or through some other ducts in its mouth would be a minor detail.

[@adhyanthajay]

Hey Kyle. I had a couple of things to point out. One being the dragon heating up the metal coins or objects to warm itself up and about the theory of dragons breathing in the air for producing fire. Assume the dragon breathes in the air to provide enough oxidiser for it to produce a successful combustion reaction. When this happens, doesn't it mean that there should be a fuel source for it too? If the dragon consumed meat (sheep as described by most science-fiction) then it could probably convert some of the burnt meat into fuel (No idea how it does it xD). When this happens, it means a dragon has to eat in order to keep its fire breathing ability and to keep its overall life energy. Essentially it means the dragon should have a limit to which it can breathe out fire. This is just my theory on an observation I made on the movie How To Train Your Dragon, where they mention that a dragon can run out of "juice". Secondly, when a dragon breathes out fire onto the metal objects, it: 1. Loses energy in the process by heating the metallic objects. 2. Defeats the 1st law of thermodynamics. When you say it heats itself up, it cannot gain more energy from the heating of the metallic objects than how much energy it gave as an output, thus proving your statement wrong. The previous theory of the food being converted to fuel doesn't have to be applied to satisfy the 1st law of thermodynamics. Even fiction should follow thermodynamics xD Love your vids! Keep it up :)

[@LouieLaCompte]

15:50 - Oh, yeah. I read that Clarke novel. Looking forward to getting into that topic. 👍 👍 👍

[@andrewnavarro4769]

Batman vs Dracula included that "blood vision"!! So cool that it's based on science. At the time I just assumed "oh cool power magic boi."

[@trailblazer632]

You ought to go over the biological possibilities of the tremors series. Actually if i remember correctly the assblaster morphology is actually explained to use 2 chemicals in combination to "blast off"

[@Cabbolf]

The bacteria responsible for botulism are fairly easy to produce. They're often made on accident by improper food preservation methods. One recipe I read (attributed to Pancho Villa's followers) involved burying containers of water and green beans.

[@jake212]

"we are gonna make the night sky brighter" *curls evil mustache*

[@joshoconnor5393]

Just to add to this the mantis shrimps strike is so fast that it can actually create light or a spark under water. The strike moves water out of the way and when it collapses back in on itself immense pressure is created, pressure so intense that light is actually created. So along with a dragon collecting oxygen on the inhale maybe some form of clicking mechanism inside the dragons throat could be the ignition source for the combustion.

[@TheCrash480]

All we 'know' (for lack of a better word) about the regeneration ability of a Hydra is that it grows two heads for every one that is decapitated, the closest real world parallel to that we have are species that can regrow limbs. This is actually somewhat supported by the Heracles myth, in which he is able to beat the Hydra by cauterizing the stumps before the heads regenerate, which fits better with a scenario similar to real world regeneration than it does with some mystical type of regeneration, as damaging the cells that are designed to differentiate into new heads would prevent that from happening. Here's the thing, quite often these species require a large open wound such as you'd find in a dismemberment in order to regenerate, it's relatively rare to see additional limbs stemming from minor wounds to that limb, which means that killing a Hydra's head using a method that leaves a smaller wound (such as with a bullet) could well prevent the regeneration, and that's not to mention that bullet wounds are... messy, it's entirely possible that a bullet could mangle cells enough that it'd stop the regeneration in the same way as cauterization.

[@GeneralDurandal]

5:38 The Dragons in "Flight of Dragons" do bloat before flight. Like dargon shaped balloons.

[@chllgy]

I believe a more apt question to ask when thinking of pushing a sword through a dragons eye is does the dragon have a human like frontal cortex that gives rise to its personality if so depending on the size of its head and the length of the sword wouldn't you just be giving the dragon a partial or full frontal lobotomy and possibly changing its personality, you could end up with a very docile, an even more violent or possibly even a vegetable dragon.

[@IboughtfromZianVermeuen]

Hey i have a question. How much calories will a hulk like transformation take. And what whould the damage be considering the bones have to move and muscles have to rapidly expand?

[@brucemaximus3797]

On the Vampire Vision thing, that's portrayed almost exactly as you describe it in Dracula: Untold.

[@Proteus846]

Thinking about the topic you started this video discussing: are you taking Relativity into account with those calculations? I know it’s sub-light travel, but over that long of a time period and that quick of movement it will have some effect on the calculation.

[@swad-z3651]

I've been playing the Witcher for a few days and when you were talking about vampires seeing blood flow the only thing I can imagine is Geralt's Witcher Sense

[@Sworn973]

5:43 I was waiting for some image that "helps" us see that hahaha

[@CipherDVoid]

One thing that I enjoyed was How to train your dragon series. Where they had different types of dragons. Many of them evolved to fulfill a niche. Mainly the monstrous nightmare or the zickle back. Where they don't really produce large or powerful flames. Yet they use gel or gas to increase their ability. Using this allows a more realistic for only a spark is needed. So how would define a dragon and how would it adapt for environment factors. Just interested how any of you would develop a dragon from a dinosaur to dragon or something

[@alexwarth2292]

I want a medival movie where a hobbit runs around quickscoping dragons with 50 caliber.

[@Shaderox]

Nice cave the dragon got there... would be a shame if something happened to it. Or at least that would probably be the first thing i'd try since it "puts some pressure" on the dragon (especially if the cave is under a mountain as they usually are in storys) and avoid to face it directly seams to be the agreed upon better idea. And if theres no forms of explosives available, my 2nd choice would be to barricade up the entrance as much as possible (and possibly put as much traps as is feasible there too with spears pointing out if there is time) then start a fire and seal it up and hope it suffocates in there before either waking up or the (traps+) barricade slows it down enough to get the work done... of course that relies on that there are no other ventilation in the cave and would require exploration to be sure. Or maybe using the cave as a death trap like that was already discussed in the previous video? i just watched this one and that was the first tool that came to mind.

[@CosmicG777]

Fire death traps is often how I execute baddies in D&D. After making sure there's no innocents inside, just block all exits and light it on fire. Works most of the time unless there's a secret escape or something.

[@arkvoodleofthesacredcrotch6060]

Suffocation was my suggestion too lol but after thinking about it, most flammables you could use to rapidly burn out the oxygen also have some pretty mean fumes. Often ones that promote unconsciousness befor suffocation so maybe not lighting it would work even better

[@thecrb1579]

walks up to kyle: Potion seller, I require your strongest potions

[@zestyspider3266]

"You're not rich enough for my strongest potions."

[@LostSoulNexus]

YES awesome did not expect you to the Jupiter stellar conversation topic so soon THANKYOU also the vampiric thermal/blood vision is in blade and several Japanese light novels.

[@LostSoulNexus]

....wondering how many other asked about this now lol

[@Herisheft]

In "Reign of fire" (dumb movie btw.) dragons had two glands, one on each side of their throat that produced two diffrent chemicals, which resulted in fire when dragons squirted them out through their mouth. Youcan even see it clearly on the poster. so that idea is not new, but still pretty cool. :)

[@ksturnerncc1721]

Vampire vision was shown in Bram Stoker's Dracula during the scene where Dracula is attacking Lucy in the garden and Mina comes upon them.

[@haggus71]

The chemical mixture thing was the very explanation given for dragons in Reign of Fire.

[@jat1668]

Thank you for the mention!

[@Smartfunnyandlazy]

Around 3:10 I wonder if that's why Dragoon Knights always have spears, to pearce through further 🤔

[@remnantryku7112]

Love the 4th wall break. Lol

[@extremwillpower6629]

How fast did Homelander have to go to save Butcher in The Boys.

[@pizzas4breakfast]

How fast was A Train going to make robin go splat?

[@neallong2480]

I’m so psyched for the next episode.