What kills galaxies? | My Astrophysics PhD Thesis Part 1

[@DrBecky]

So HILARIOUSLY there’s a mistake in a video about my own thesis 😂 😭 I’m blaming this one on the lockdown folks. I mislabelled the u- and r-band magnitudes. “U” is the blue band and “r” is the red band. What I said in the video about u-r being greater or less than 0 though still holds - this is because in astronomy the lower the magnitude number, the brighter something is. And the higher the number the fainter something is. A relic of a by-gone era. You all have my sincerest apologies from my mushy lockdown brain.

[@clickrick]

When I saw that bit I did wonder why u was chosen for red and r for blue, despite the fact that u for blue and r for red just felt simpler choices. OK, simpler, but why u for blue and not b?

[@alexwright6038]

I've been told it is like a three year pregnancy. I do not clever enough, I can put together grown up lego to do things.

[@sacredkinetics.lns.8352]

No apologies needed. Thanks for the clarification. 💫🌹💫

[@freddan6fly]

I Didn't really get the color, do you deduct the red shift before you calculate the color value so you get absolute value (like indicated by when you say "we think the milky way is thought of being green", or do you not since you didn't mention any red shift?

[@xilnes7166]

even after reading also i didn't understand the mistake. so I am blaming the lockdown people too.

[@nassimabed]

KZbin needs more scientists like you: the real deal, no cutting corners in explaining yet understandable. No arrogance beyond the discipline of the scientific method. I wish more scientists from various fields of study would follow your approach and gift us similar sources of knowledge like your wonderful channel. Thank you Becky.

[@winsenken]

And no stupid prank

[@photinodecay]

"A lot of people like to study ancient history, but I'm more focused on things that are more modern, in the past billion years."

[@rhisavbora2975]

Paradoxical statement😂

[@doctorscoot]

this puts my PhD in the discipline of actual "Ancient History" into some perspective!

[@henrysiegertsz8204]

Rahul, ask yourself a question. Do you really believe the universe is 13.x billion years old? As the theory goes, the earth is approximately as old as one third of the entirety of the Universe, spinning in space a few degrees above absolute zero, and yet still has a molten core and surface temperatures, conducive to supporting complex lifeforms?

[@photinodecay]

@@henrysiegertsz8204 Do you really believe that the best evidence we have is all wrong just because you choose to not believe all the scientific theories we've built based on all the evidence we've gathered over thousands of years?

[@henrysiegertsz8204]

@pink hot acid boots But Halton Arp had a different account of Quasar Red Shift, suggesting red shifts were due to the age of the matter within the Quasar, not the doppler effect. To demonstrate this he showed several examples of Quasars of different red shifts appeared in x-ray and UV to be linked by threads or streams of matter to each other and their parent galaxy? This would make most observations and timelines based purely on red shift questionable at the very least and pure fantasy at the extreme. In Plasma Cosmology, many of the strange weird and unexplained, become pretty easy to explain or even predict with astonishing reliability. Mainstream cosmology laughs these studies off as fringe science, but finally even NASA are starting to treat EU and Plasma cosmology theories with the credibility they deserve. In a Newtonian universe, where is the explanation for charged particles accelerating away from our sun and galactic nuclei? Where is the explanation of the corona of our star 2 million miles out at 10 million K when at the surface of that same star the temperature is only 5000K? The EU has what would seem to be great solutions to these problems. You should debate with Anthony Peratt, Donald Scott, Wal Thornhill and the Montgomery Childs SAFIRE project.

[@Saka_Mulia]

I love how you're in a superposition of loving and hating your thesis equally intensely.

[@johannageisel5390]

I wonder if there is a valley of indifference somewhere between the two.

[@Saka_Mulia]

@@johannageisel5390 Or a mountain of ambivalence.

[@georgeindestructible]

"A galaxy is an island of stars" excuse the scientist in me for a moment but that sounded very beautiful.

[@crm114.]

I finished my PhD thesis in 1978 and I still don’t want to look at it.

[@MCsCreations]

Damn, I was born in 1978! 😬 Stay safe there, dude! 🖖😊

[@crm114.]

You too, take care.

[@FryingPan76]

Haha, I can totally relate. I don't even know, where my masters thesis is. I think, my parents might have a copy.

[@Rubrickety]

No offense, but I don't really want to look at it either.

[@linuspoindexter106]

Word.

[@ccchhhrrriiisss100]

Nice, Dr. Becky! When I finished my thesis, I didn't want to look at it for a year. It was hundreds of pages that left me feeling exhausted. Now, I actually want to go back and rewrite it.

[@arctic_haze]

My supervisor told me a thesis in the field of physics should not be longer than 100 pages. I cheated by not numbering pages preceding Chapter 1 😀

[@daphenomenalz4100]

@@arctic_haze when did you do it sir? And where ? I mean which university.

[@arctic_haze]

@@daphenomenalz4100 It was 1992 in a research institute in Europe. This is all you need to know.

[@lamegoldfish6736]

I love how you communicate science. For an English major like myself, I can only try to catch anything with science, but with how you talk, I think I can kinda grasp what you are talking about. Thanks for all the past vids I have seen, and I anticipate more down the road. 😃

[@aleksandragieralt7370]

You're PhD videos are very motivational in helping me through my own PhD in French literature

[@RickeyBowers]

Having a Ph.D. explain their thesis - a real treat. Thank You!

[@FraizyMD]

Just downloaded your thesis and you quoted J. R. R. Tolkein within the first two pages... That is a win! Congrats!

[@TWX1138]

"What kills galaxies? | My Astrophysics PhD Thesis" Question and answer?

[@DrBecky]

😂

[@hehe-zt2ye]

Hahaha, nice one

[@Flying0Dismount]

You seriously need to introduce yourself as having a Ph.D in Galactic Destruction.. 😈

[@CLipka2373]

"For I have become Dr. Becky, Destroyer of Galaxies."

[@Sam_on_YouTube]

Doctor of Galactictoc Destruction, sounds like the villain in the next Fantastic 4 movie. Step aside Dr. Peter van Doom.

[@eishuno]

Frieza wants to know to know your location.

[@4thArmoredVet]

This was excellent! Thank you for making the complex seem understandable to your students here on KZbin 🙏

[@merlejephson-king750]

Thank goodness, you didn't become an accountant! You bring joy to my life.

[@AmanChowdhury888]

Took a break from Space X Live Launch to see this! Thank you for sharing the link! Looking forward getting my mind blown!

[@JustaReadingguy]

Me too. LOL

[@edgeeffect]

There's nothing to see over there anyway.... scrubbed 'till Saturday.

[@steveegbert7429]

Much rather watch and listen to Dr. Becky.

[@NZC_Meow]

Hellooo I didn't expect to see you here. How are you doing?

[@AmanChowdhury888]

@@NZC_Meow Haha.. I’m there whenever I catch wind of another mind bending presentation by Dr Becky.. Good to see you’ve passed by here too!

[@xxManscapexx]

Back in the day, I spent A LOT of time on Galaxy Zoo classifying galaxies while I was at work. You're welcome! :)

[@EnglishMike]

Galaxy Zoo: sponsored by

[@DrBecky]

Thanks!

[@xxManscapexx]

@@EnglishMike Thanks goes to B******* Co*******, who paid me poorly but didn't really care what I did.

[@richardbloemenkamp8532]

Thanks to the link to the thesis. I find a thesis usually easier to go through than a publication because there is usually more introduction and context and it is usually written by young scientists who do not take all kinds of jargon and mathematics for granted. Your thesis is very readable. I like your program names Starpy and Popstarpy adding a smile to your mathematics and algorithms.

[@3dstudiomike]

Becky, I've seen all of your videos. This one is my new favorite. Best content ever. Best Becky ever.

[@LeonCilliers_phaze]

I was just starting to watch PBS Spacetime when I noticed this new episode. I didn't think twice, I was just: See ya later Matt, Dr Becky is calling :-)

[@annayosh]

I hope you do go back after watching this one, the Spacetime episode is very interesting too.

[@Flying0Dismount]

The problem with PBS Spacetime is that it's not really that accessible: the level of language used and concepts described are IMO really aimed at audiences who already have a fair degree of knowledge in the area. I have advanced degrees in engineering and PBS still loses me most of the time, whereas Dr. Becky is able to communicate the concepts in very clear language that doesn't require the viewer to already possess an advanced level of knowledge..

[@EnglishMike]

@@Flying0Dismount I think most of that is the type of subject matter. Matt is also a very good communicator, but the topics they tackle are often deep dives into theoretical physics that are mind-bendingly hard and are likely impervious to any effort to dumb them down enough for lay people like me to fully understand. I just like to let the words wash over me, in the vain hope I will gain some insight through the process of osmosis...

[@3dstudiomike]

You guys should also check out "Jason Kendall"'s astronomy playlist. "Complete Introductory Astrophysics Class". I suggest you start watching at "Our Place In Space (01-01). That's the episode that starts the class. Give him likes too!

[@Sam_on_YouTube]

@@Flying0Dismount Yeah, the target audience is pretty advanced. I love it as a welcome respite to the more typical Physics Girl level. I love that show too and I show Diana's videos to my kids (though that is still a bit advanced for my 8 year olds, who still prefer Action Lab and have done several of his experiments, including finding tiny meteorites in our own back yard). But I studied philosophy of physics in college and got a good background in theoretical physics. I couldn't handle the math, but I had the concepts and it is great to find a show on that level. I am surprised it has as many subscribers as it does, since that is not a level accessible to everyone.

[@MirorR3fl3ction]

This is one of the coolest videos you've done! Definitely going to read copy you put the link to :) You could make something like this into a side series where you break down different thesis/papers, like a Journal Club :D

[@TheGhostPariah]

Yeah, I could see that being worthwhile too. Although, full disclosure, I basically have a cereal box level of understanding of all this (not a scientist.) Regardless, i still try to stay on top of new science and discoveries in several fields.

[@johannageisel5390]

Yes, that would be helpful for interested laypeople to get deeper into how science happens.

[@usagoalie1234]

Three years?!?! I’m thinking about pursuing a PhD in humanities and the shortest I’m looking at is 4, honestly more like 5 years, and all the way up to 10 years!!! Still amazing work! Thanks for sharing

[@StrangerThanFic]

An Oxford grad, but didn't use an Oxford comma in her dissertation title? :-)

[@DrBecky]

🤫 don’t say it too loud they might kick me out if they notice

[@darren8453]

Obviously listened to too much Vampire Weekend whilst writing it.

[@lrodpeterson3046]

Exactly my thought.

[@WaddiaS]

I guess it's a British thing. Ironic, just like how Brits have mostly moved on to SI units but Americans are still using imperial

[@daveprice9912]

I love the enthusiasm and ease that you presented all this work - well done.

[@chipbennett2845]

I always enjoy listening to a speaker who is thoroughly conversant in her subject. This is a very understandable explanation of a very complex subject.

[@DrFrank-xj9bc]

As I remember back 25 years, how my fellow students and I published our PhD thesis, it's incredible.

[@deadiemeyers1661]

I am old enough to remember "How Green Was My Valley" And yet, I am not too old to love learning new things about our amazing universe. Thanks Dr. Becky.

[@robinsmith9734]

Becky, Becky, Becky.....Just cannot believe that between Level 2 and Level 1 I have downloaded your PhD for my eyes to glean and consume. No chocolate needed. From an aging, yet young, Geologist/Geophysics exploration researcher etc, Astronomy has been a major for me. YET no mention of Galaxies Red Shifting to account for the colour of Galaxies, as well. THANKS, mate from 45 South: NZ ...Love You........

[@duckwhistle]

“All we have to decide, is what to do with the time that is given to us.”- J. R. R. Tolkein Well I'm loving what i've read of the thesis so far. *Also: Editing Becky, looking more casual, but still serious about deciding what to do with her time.

[@papaowl13803]

And then I wonder why I love your channel. You can take even the most complex and make it so a first year student wil understand it. Thanks Dr Becky.

[@mickwilson99]

Aaaaghh!. I was *waiting* for the AGN bit. In the late 70s in Melbourne II pitched a notion for a research proposal into how devolution of accretion rates in supermassive blackholes could correlate with class-binned distances to quasars, Seyfert galaxies radio-loud galaxies and the AGNs in between. As you might imagine, the sample of galaxies was merely hundreds, the spectroscooy was crude, and the distance/age data were far less precise. Anyway, I actually loved reading your thesis, and loved the resonances that it provided. I hope your research continues, and especially if it shines light on how AGN's polar jets have over time become less frequent in more recent epochs.

[@mickwilson99]

PS I grew up with Smethursts in rural SE Australia. Any rellies?

[@CLipka2373]

Hey! Galaxy Zoo, eh? Nice to hear I may have contributed to your Thesis!

[@digitheadRex]

Just downloaded your thesis and began reading it. I’ll let you know how far I get. I think you are a very important and interesting person for many reasons. I may write you about the lesser reasons some time but the most important is the presence of enthusiastic women in STEM subjects, not just observers but more importantly active participants in research and exploration. You are a great spokesperson for this as your enthusiasm comes across in larger volume and your ability to put things in digestible form without talking down to us is very good. I look forward to your videos and would love to meet you, perhaps hang out over a cup of coffee or Earl Grey and shake your hand. Since that is extremely unlikely to occur, I’ll just have to content myself with enjoying your videos and sending young people, especially young girls struggling with science, to your channel for inspiration. Not meaning to put too much pressure. Be well, be healthy and have a wonderful life.

[@EaglePryde]

Editing Becky made me watch the next part 😂😂😂👍👍👍 I like your presentation and humor😁😁😁 Thy fails are forgiven 😌😁

[@antoniobragancamartins3165]

Hi! I known the channel today and I became a fan immediately! I'm brasilian living in Brazil and I'm not a physicist! I'm a telecommunication specialist! But the way that you show the things is very great for any enthusiast!

[@ergio1]

Amazing video Dr Becky! Thanks for sharing...in such a simple way... learned a lot about galaxys in just 15 min... 😀

[@petemcdonald4927]

I commented on your last video that I just got you book. Now I wanted to say I've read your book, and thought it was excellent. But if you could get on to writing another one, that would be great. 😉

[@duderoony]

Loved it Becks. Looking forward to the next part. Keep keeping safe.

[@christopherwoodcock8535]

Just ordered a copy of your book. Can’t wait to read it

[@1Austin78704]

To me the fact that you are coding and using statistical analysis makes your work much more accessible. You really shine at incorporating other open science projects such as Galaxy Zoo. You could really thrive here at SpaceX -- your love of space and your fluid and pragmatic intelligence would make you an amazing space scientist.

[@sabahmariyam7456]

So very interesting. You make physics sound easy😅Can’t wait for the second part😍

[@gerardbryant4840]

Clean room, or watch a Dr Becky video....hmmm....OK, Dr Becky wins that contest. We had a radio serial called "Blue Hills" in Australia decades ago. That, coupled with Green Valley, really took me back to my childhood, back in the last millennium.

[@pietvanvliet1987]

I'm totally unqualified, so I've got a question and high praise: Did you got/get cited a lot? Being able to explain your field of research in a short amount of time to someone outside the field is the finest form of demonstrating a persons mastery of their craft. I'm a business major and I think I've understood a few things you've said. Waiting for part II. Maybe I get another few things.

[@DrBecky]

My first paper has 72 citations which is pretty high! Very proud

[@louisgiokas2206]

Ordered your book mid-March. Amazon says it will not arrive until June 4. Looking forward to it. Love your vids. Keep it up.

[@louisgiokas2206]

The book came today! Hoorah!!

[@Vix2066]

Love this channel♥️

[@sunnyogunremi270]

Inspirational Becky..... Thanks for sharing! Watching part2 right away!

[@davidseymour6447]

Just a few thoughts from a relatively uneducated guy from the states. I have no PhD. I took several astronomy courses during undergraduate studies about 35 years ago. But I've always been interested in astronomy, and I find your videos very interesting. Admittedly I don't understand everything, but I enjoy them, and this one is quite good.

[@zacp96]

I am sure I read this during my masters project in 2018 (or some of it at least) - I recognise the title!

[@johnbazaar8440]

Girl, you’re a hoot. You’ve got people hooked on astronomy but who would ever want to read your thesis? 😁 Oh, maybe a few dozen of us. And the entertaining diddy’s you make up along the way? Priceless. 😎 You’re doing wonderfully.

[@ftumschk]

What a cliffhanger! Can't wait for Episode 2.

[@djenning90]

Love her personality just as much as her smarts! ❤️

[@ZeedijkMike]

You are a star shining as bright as a whole galaxy.

[@victor9sur768]

Love the final page of the thesis. I'm currently mid flow on my thesis about 75 ish pages in should be all done and dusted by August September time 🤞

[@DrBecky]

🤞🤞🤞

[@addas1392]

Yes! Finally!!! It is here... Prepare to be knocked down by awesome science. "A galaxy is an island of stars"... This made my day Becky. I love you. Lots of love from India.🥰❤️🙏 Edit: This literally is the coolest PhD thesis I have ever listened to.😍

[@John.0z]

I love the last line in your Thesis! Starting with Tolkien and ending with Rowling. I hope both would be honoured to be included.

[@stekra3159]

Congratulations on your 30 birthday !!!!!

[@0Zolrender0]

I have found myself binge watching your content. Its amasing. I have learnt so much as well about a subject I am very interested in but never had the chance to pursue.

[@sapelesteve]

Interesting video Dr. Becky! I completed my Masters Thesis in 1974 at the Univ. of Maryland. It's somewhere in the attic where it will remain. The title: "Brown Fat Thermogenesis In Mammalian Hibernators". Extremely challanging but very rewarding experience. Looking forward to Part 2 of your video.....👍👍😉😉

[@thestonewall30]

Of course when we get to the black hole part we need to stop and get another episode. Becky loves her black holes. Lol. One reason I love watching your channel.

[@stacybamon6073]

What a killjoy is editing Becky, film 'star' Becky was on a real roll. Awaiting part 2.

[@adammcgregor-d3y]

I love this presentation!

[@AlanW]

I was an avid galaxy zoo participant in the late 2000s. I helped with your thesis! \o/

[@DrBecky]

Thanks!

[@kenhelmers2603]

Fun stuff! Thanks Dr. Becky

[@johnladuke6475]

Hooray! You're finally gonna present it to us!

[@scottconwell2146]

Thank you, Dr. Becky! I might feel the urge to wade, into it, a bit. I promise to keep at least my nose, tilted up, where I can still breath. It does sound well worth consideration, & trying! Btw, "All we have to decide,is what to do with the time that is given to us.”- J. R. R. Tolkein. Great quote! Yeah, I peeked...

[@RummyDaLedge]

If,for a nano second, I imagine, lacking Dr Bs left armpit,the whole blue/ red shift explanation is gone.... And I'll have to start again.. Worth it. The lady is super fantastic.

[@tubastud06]

I had been looking forward to this! This gives me something to read this weekend

[@KarriemPerry]

Fascinating research!!

[@RummyDaLedge]

Wow. What an incredibly impressive human being. Flawless and fascinating. A mortal God.

[@Thunder_Dome45]

When I captured the Virgo cluster as much as I could in one shot, I specifically arranged it to include NGC 4440. It's the neatest in the group in my opinion. I don't see too maybe bars in galaxies in my images.

[@_John_Sean_Walker]

Very sweet of you Dr. Becky. I am also interested in recent important theses and interesting ones from history.

[@ehsnils]

The more we learn the more we understand that there's more to learn. The big challenge when making a document of any kind is not to make the document with the information, it's to make it accessible to others so that they can continue where you left off.

[@machlipatnammachlipatnam7418]

Congrats on completion

[@retired4365]

Definitely buying your book, thank you so much for letting us read your thesis. 🍻🥰

[@thomasmarrujo5886]

37.778° Energy transforms it never fully dissipates. This place will bend .. our design. The garden was always electrified.

[@frankharr9466]

HA ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha! I've just read the bit about Brian may doing a video on your thesis. I HOPE he does. If anyone who know Dr. May would like to make this happen, it would be epic! Congrats on the book. Editing Becky can be SUCH a killjoy. But I get it, there's a lot to do. I'm looking forward to chapter IV now.

[@UCCLdIk6R5ECGtaGm7oqO-TQ]

Reckon I'll wait for 'The Influence of Morphology, AGN and Environment on the Quenching Histories of Galaxies' audio book.

[@timhaines3877]

Trouble sleeping? Let me read to you the many ways that the mass-to-light ratio of every galaxy is wrong.

[@xonikkiecal]

I’m nearing the end of my undergrad and need to start applying for PhD this summer!! So nervous and excited. Astrophysics PhD here I come (hopefully)

[@jcinaz]

Very well done, Dr. Becky.

[@SiqueScarface]

It's nice to see that at least Astrophysicists still write their thesis in LaTeX.

[@DrBecky]

And all our papers too!

[@GlynWilliams1950]

Great video. Very interesting and informative. I look forward to gleaning your thesis. I applied for a job as electrician at Joddrel bank but they thought I lived too far away at Ashton Under Lyne. It would have changed my life. I went into electronics instead.

[@npscole]

A brilliant video on a great channel! It took me years to want to re-open my thesis!

[@quentinvaughan7640]

Thanks Becky. It took me well over three years before I could face opening my thesis. And then you spot the typos...

[@sojolly]

Received your book today! Fun times ahead. Hope all is well with you.

[@josephcote6120]

Oh Dr Becky, my bedtime reading could be anything. Right now it's Roger Penrose's Road to Reality.

[@greennights2388]

What is implicit and beyond the words, can't be told, but if the archetypes got bored, everything would cease in the blink of an eye as tho it never were. non boredom is implied and inferred. You knew what creates the universe as a child, maybe still know. "Girls just wanna have fun." Clocks stop with the fun starts, and time drags on when the fun is over - for people. but the reverse for archetypes, when the fun starts, time drags on for everyone else.

[@mazharulhaq517]

Wow this is so inspiring. Thank you Dr Becky 👍

[@rogerstone3068]

"No Galaxies were harmed in the making of this thesis."

[@danielstandley-Physicist]

Found it about a month ago downloaded just haven't got around reading it Love the videos and your enthusiasm

[@K1lostream]

Wow - that is quite a thick book! Which kinda begs a question - whilst I'm full of admiration for your achievement, how does one go about 'marking' not just one, but a whole group of theses all handed-in at roughly the same time? I don't suppose it's like marking a GCSE paper, where there are well-known methods for arriving at correct (or incorrect!) answers to specific questions? I'd be interested to see an interview with one of your old prof's covering how many theses they have to handle in an average year, and how they manage to read, absorb, fact-check (presumably difficult as you have probably got some very specialised, if not brand-new knowledge in there!) and grade not just your thesis, but also those of your contemporaries. Must be quite the challenge!

[@DrBecky]

They’re handed in sporadically throughout people’s final year. An internal (to the university department) and an external expert read and examine it. It’s rare that someone will have to mark two in the same PhD intake year

[@smithy559]

Just watched the sixty symbols post about time-slicing galaxies and the impact that interstellar gas has on the observed colour of galaxies. I couldn't remember hearing about this in your post, so I've just come back to rewatch. I wondered if your Starpy model caters for this, or has it been over-simplified?

[@DrBecky]

It doesn't include gas no - that's one of the things I'm currently adding to the new version!

[@marie-claudeblouin1129]

I spot an Apollo 11 flight plan in the background... makes me happy

[@John_Weiss]

Wait until it's been 22 years. 😁 (I left academia right after getting my PhD and changed careers to be with my husband … after being in a 5 year long-distance relationship.)

[@DavidvanDeijk]

Hurrah for open science and open source.

[@fernandes1431]

Very interesting! Love your videos Becky. I'm currently coming towards the end of my MSc Astrophysics degree and want to do a PhD. I find everything interesting about the Universe. How did you decide what to specialise in? 🤓

[@DrBecky]

I always thought galaxies were the most interesting! And I wanted to work with data - and images and spectra of galaxies are just so beautiful too!

[@TacoBell84]

I’m now going to print your thesis out and read it all.

[@davidhoward437]

Fascinating topic, which I believe is at least a partial resolution of the Fermi Paradox. (I willl definitely be downloading it.)

[@Neilhuny]

This is pigging fascinating!!

[@andynogueras]

Outstanding.

[@williamozier918]

Congrats Dr.Becky! You'll be as famous as the guitarist from Queen!