Duct Propagation (M-Curves, Inversion Layer, Formation, Types & Condition) Explained

[@EngineeringFunda]

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[@riseabovehate9476]

Thankyou... Watched it 30 mins before exam

[@joeryder5739]

Shouldn’t air be warm in the inversion layer and cold air in atmospheric layers since temperature increases with height only in the inversion layer?

[@itigurupanditadityavajpaye8977]

Same doubt

[@01akhilkoul37]

Actually what happens is that warmer air always rises up the cooler air. Think in thay way and you will get your doubt cleared

[@itigurupanditadityavajpaye8977]

Best explanation on KZbin

[@Deepak_3860]

Great explanation!!! thank you very much 🤗❤

[@EngineeringFunda]

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[@alimuqaibel7619]

Thanks for the excellent video. It is very informative. Minor note: (Multi-hop not Multi-hope).

[@EngineeringFunda]

Your Appreciations, care and share matters a lot to me. #EnginneringLove. All the subjects playlist of Engineering Funda is available in comment section. Share it with your friends to support us. Your positive comments motivates me and person like me get boosted by my students feedback. Thanks and welcome 🙏

[@studyroom245]

out of all videos in this antenna and wave propagation playlist, this is the most unsatisfied video. coz it should include with pre knowledge of inversion layer, standard atmosphere. even the m- curve thing is confusing.

[@EngineeringFunda]

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[@ganjinaveen7338]

Definitions, Categorizations and General Classifications, Different Modes of Wave Propagation, Ray/Mode Concepts. Ground Wave Propagation - Plane Earth Reflections, Space and Surface Waves, Wave Tilt, Curved Earth Reflections. Space Wave Propagation - Field Strength Variation with Distance and Height, Effect of Earth’s Curvature, Absorption, Super Refraction, M-Curves and Duct Propagation, Scattering Phenomena, Troposphere Propagation. Sky Wave Propagation - Structure of Ionosphere, Refraction and Reflection of Sky Waves by Ionosphere, Ray Path, Critical Frequency, MUF, LUF, OF, Virtual Height and Skip Distance, Relation between MUF and Skip Distance, Multi-hop Propagation. tell us all this topics sir

[@EngineeringFunda]

Many are already covered in my Playlist of antennas and wave propagation.

[@virendraarya8643]

Thanks it was helpful

[@heda7803]

When temperature decreases shouldn't there be cool air instead of Vaam air?

[@EngineeringFunda]

That's why that layer is called inversion layer

[@heda7803]

@@EngineeringFunda In the standard atmospheric layer the temperature decreases with height. Then how do we get warm air when temperature decreases?

[@EngineeringFunda]

That is where duct layer is there where reverse of usual happens which is reffered as inversion layer.

[@heda7803]

@@EngineeringFunda So is the combination of inversion layer and the standard layer called Duct?

[@priyadharshinis7670]

@@EngineeringFunda explain tropospheric scatter propagation

[@divyad2503]

Thank you so much sir...🙏 It was really helpful...

[@EngineeringFunda]

Love and happiness of students is my ultimate goal, God bless you 🙏, keep learning and keep progressing.

[@thisissharief7651]

nice and helpfull lecture

[@EngineeringFunda]

Thanks and welcome

[@tajuddin3594]

Explain with the help of neat diagram,various Waveform etc for Duct propagation? Please explain this questions answer.........

[@Divya-kv9lt]

Helpful for last minute preparations..

[@mylab188]

Sir, please guide me that if there is a decrease in temperature with height then it is considered as standard atmosphere. Then inverse should be opposite i.e here temperature should increase with height. And finally we get a layer of warm air being trapped between layers of cool air. The above is my view point, which differs from yours. Please help.

[@khpaltube1444]

13:00 real points

[@bt9604]

From M.A college of engineering kothamangalam Kerala

[@sreevarshinisudunagunta3286]

Thank you Helpful

[@Dr.V.KishenAjayKumar]

Why to multiply with ten to the power of 6 on both sides. Can you explain

[@vijaysingh4080]

Thanks sir

[@rajendraprasad5322]

good

[@chapalamanjuswarnalatha249]

Tq sir

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[@gistdesk]

Please the I need the material for the whole antenna and wave propagation. I went to your website and the material I got is control engineering questions where I was supposed to download material for this topic

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You can take from my android application engineering funda

[@gistdesk]

Engineering Funda I use iphone

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Please can you send them to my email [e-mail]

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[@ACMATSALEELALAHARI]

Tqu

[@EngineeringFunda]

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[@SureshKumar-nk2ok]

Sir does this duct propagation occurs in HF frequency range

[@abhilashm8965]

at first u said that N is modified refractive index ... then you also mentioned later that M is modified refractive idex.. I am confused 😔

[@achariinduja6844]

Tq 😊 sir

[@selviarulraj2206]

Inversion layer is written as iversion layer in the graph

[@radhikayeldandi418]

Watched b4 5m of xm

[@hiteshahuja5542]

Sir could you please add lectures on Antenna Measurements. That is , reflection coefficient measurement, radiation pattern measurements, vector network analyser, anechoic chamber.

[@EngineeringFunda]

See my antenna playlist

[@hiteshahuja5542]

Engineering Funda Sir I found radiation pattern measurement but not the rest.. if you could provide me with the specific links..

[@EngineeringFunda]

I am replying by mobile so don't know how to send link but you see it in my playlist of antenna and wave Propagation

[@knexperiments5792]

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[@akuratitarun8541]

Can I get material

[@EngineeringFunda]

Just download my android application engineering funda and get materials from it.

[@akuratitarun8541]

@@EngineeringFunda it is not working in my phone sir it is closing continuously

[@EngineeringFunda]

@@akuratitarun8541 : it is perfectly working with 5 devices i have checked till now. what phone you used please write it here.

[@akuratitarun8541]

@@EngineeringFunda 10 or g 3gb ram 32gb rom 4g mobile

[@riseabovehate9476]

But the way it's not reflection ..it's refraction

[@BestMovieDoor]

Can you explain in Hindi?

[@aniketbhatiya7622]

Registration failed in EF app

[@EngineeringFunda]

I am working on it, it will get solved soon.

[@EngineeringFunda]

Now application is working perfectly fine, I have resolved that issue of log in. You can use all materials free of cost.

[@BlueAustralian]

I watch your videos at 1.5x and still find them slow.

[@EngineeringFunda]

Some students takes time to understand it and some are fast.

[@dheerajkhanna7697]

@Prakhar Gupta start making notes with these videos. you're good to go with 1.5x then. else 2x :P

[@shubhangbahadur7112]

Its single hop propagation not single hope propagation. Please improve your English otherwise the info you’re providing will become unreliable.

[@guitarthisside]

Don't repeat the same thing again and again ...... I can't find this beneficial at all.....

[@guitarthisside]

Bookish language ...

[@EngineeringFunda]

What is language. It transfers information. It may not be useful to someone and may be useful for someone.

[@riseabovehate9476]

Prabhakar Gupta he atleast gave a good basic idea about the topic ....

[@kamalsolanki1260]

@@EngineeringFunda Thankyou sir

[@pujithakaricheti8170]

By repetetion only most of us can remember all are not that much talented as you sir go with positive u will find benefit defnetly