Early Dynastic Mesopotamia ( Facts and Myths of Ancient Sumerian )

3000 - 2340 BCE - The first known civilization of Mesopotamia. Separating fact from myth within the first cuneiform writings, and the Sumerian conquest and decline.
In this presentation by Chris of The History of the World Podcast we dive into Ancient Mesopotamia and the early kingdoms and civilizations that inhabited it. From the rise and fall of Cities to the rise of Sargon of Akkad we enjoy a thrilling tale of myth, religion, violence and societal politics.
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Attribution: The Kings List Video
• The Ancient Middle Eas... by Ollie Bye

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

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[@manuelacrespo9145]

Really nice! Thanks a lot for your work. Well done!👏👏👏

[@barbarasorini7699]

aaAaaaaaaaaaaAAAAaaAaAaaaaaaaAaaaaaAaaaAAaaaaaaaaaaaAaAAaaaaAaaAaaaaaaAaaAAaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaAaaaaaaàAaàààààààaAààààaaaaÀqqqqq1q1111q1qq11q1qqqq1qqqa1qqqqq1aqqaqaq@@@@@@@@@@@@11@@@@££££££££1

[@rademfam6856]

I love it when I fall asleep to one of these and my dream is of it

[@fukpoeslaw3613]

I too!

[@leebrown9344]

Not just me that does this then

[@josephlacebal8396]

I'll agree

[@milekrizman]

20 years ago, before internet, we learned in school about ancient Mesopotamians in a glance, very fast. With internet you can have detailed study of every era and region.

[@juanpablogonzalez8528]

I loved this, finally some actual history about sumeria, not involving aliens or thinga like that

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

Maybe tomorrow is the day we excavate an alien skeleton in Iraq and change our story all over again!

[@JonathanMeyer84]

What? Impossible!

[@michelebriere9569]

You're welcome to jump into my Facebook group, Sumerian Studies. All academic, no alien bs.

[@moeharvard]

Amen to that As an alien myself ,I think we get too much credit

[@REAL6]

@@michelebriere9569 Nice. I'm gonna check that out.

[@RyanSmith-ye4vj]

Finally some real history about Sumeria 👍 So sick of viper TV and all those other bullshit 'history channels' with their crazy stories about space travel etc

[@ilovehistory2845]

VIPERTV is the worst poison out there. I report every single thing they produce as spam the very instant it pops up in my scrolling.

[@tfive24]

There is a channel named digital Hammurabi. They have PhDs in this area and they are put out great content.

[@ilovehistory2845]

@@tfive24 digital Hammurabi does sound somewhat suspect.

[@bethmilam3772]

Thank you!! I was afraid it was just me. Very happy to see the community that is interested in legitimate history recognizes Viper for what it is. Viper gets so many “hits” that on some subjects it is difficult to get a youtube search to return anything but Viper, which is INCREDIBLY frustrating! If I knew how I would establish a filter so that my searches NEVER returned another Viper video.

[@bethmilam3772]

Thank you!!! I hope someone at youtube takes notice.

[@valmarsiglia]

Great lecture as always. One quibble: cuneiform isn't a language, it's a writing system. The languages you're discussing are Sumerian and Akkadian, both of which were written in cuneiform.

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

Yes, you are exactly correct here.

[@valmarsiglia]

@@historyoftheworldpodcast5234 Now re-record the whole thing! /jk

[@jermainemoss7809]

A writing from the early kushites.

[@BabyXGlitz]

@@arabempire2257 هل يوجد كتاب كمصدر لهذا الموقع؟ مع الشكر

[@nobody8328]

It's ok to quibble. Most of us are here because we are obsessed with nits. ☺

[@dukecity7688]

Thank you so much, i want you to know how much i value what you are doing. Because i am homeless, it is almost impossible for me to keep track of my books. Reading is massive part of my life - i love the library but as i stated. Keeping track of a book is tough and for now i am relying on this as well as other e sources of knowledge and info. I am slow. Listened to this twice because i want to understand. Again, thanks

[@isaacorozco6625]

this podcast has exactly what I've been looking for in history documentaries or history online courses. Detail, so much detail, i feel like everything else ive watched or listened to jumps to the next age/tribe/religion way too quickly and I don't get a good sense of who a people are. Thank you so much for this podcast,

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Check out his other episodes! Chris is awesome!

[@dominicberry5577]

Exactly what I was searching for. Brilliant work. Extremely clear. Thank you!

[@oliveranikolic8158]

This an amazing episode. I already watched at least 10 of your episodes and I like it so much. This is real history and real deal. Looking forward to watch more of this

[@sumirunihon]

this podcast really helped with my understanding of civilizations and helping my worldbuilding project. this was incredibly useful and easy to understand easily follow without too much technical jargon. thank you

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

Thanks for the compliment.

[@Ani_B.]

Awesome presentation. Looking forward to next week. Congrats

[@SPRPhilly]

Cuneiform wasn't a language, it was a form of writing used to convey several ancient near-east languages. Kind of like the Latin alphabet is not a language in itself, but is used to convey many different modern languages.

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

Well done for identifying this. Both the Sumerian and Akkadian speakers were using the cuneiform writing system for their languages during this period.

[@MyRealName148]

Excellent presentation mate. Good on ya

[@bivbiv5757]

One of the best presentations on Summer and Mesopotamia, everywhere!👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

Very kind! Thank you.

[@ashorhanepal4529]

Peace and love for this channel ......... I, as an Iraqi, want to translate this topic, please

[@budmccaff550]

Awesome podcast ! Thank u very much !

[@frankvierra2487]

Absolutely marvelous.... Thank you so much

[@rebeccacrneck5631]

I love learning about all of this , thank you so much I'm on a mission to learn more about ancient gods , spirituality and history

[@cuthbertjolly4859]

Very well presented. Done with the intent to educate rather than to titillate. No annoying music obscuring the audio. Thanks.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Glad you liked it!

[@FrankJPSegura]

Very interesting and useful, images and narration text match nicely. This is well done others just rattle on with video that has nothing to do with the narration, congrats.

[@Simon-fm8yc]

Good work and thanks for giving of your time and sharing.

[@nuggetoftruth-ericking7489]

This was very interesting. Thanks.

[@kareemmohammed5270]

you did a great job of explaining this history slowly and clearly, much appreciated. i realy like watching ancient ruins of Africa which is now called middle east and watching ancient history of Sumerians, Assyrians etc...

[@stellalumina403]

Great podcast. Thanks!

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

Thank you!

[@nancyrode9781]

very glad to find this channel

[@KeithShuler]

I'm learning so much

[@NormBoyle]

One of my favourite podcasts. When I think of Sumerians I always think of the lapis lazuli background pictogram of the big eyed, skirted elite, often sitting in chairs with one leg of an animal and while sitting have longer legs than when standing. Has anyone surmised why the one animal leg, of a goat or horse? Thanks again!

[@maspesasmasperras5554]

That represents @nal

[@valenciawalker6498]

Great Presentation.

[@kravstema6287]

Thanks, ol bloke

[@flashgordon6670]

Narrated by Michael Caine!

[@kodykindhart8230]

Wrong it’s rocko’s ancient life

[@transformyourmindtransform7020]

@@kodykindhart8230 😂😂

[@IosifStalin2]

Listen, mate.......

[@kfgold5194]

Really excellent. Thanks!

[@AntonioSilva-kr9nw]

Super!! A scientific view!!!

[@izme4700]

Good shit man thanks for that

[@LDrosophila]

Thank you for this content

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Our pleasure!

[@bibia666]

Enki, humbbabba, gilgamesh, the flood, and the search for eternal life..., nice story.., many variations of the epic excist... Greetings bibia.

[@kareemmohammed5270]

enjoyed this ancient history which was never tought in our British schools and only relics to be found in British museums.

[@Jesus.purple]

I really appreciate this video, thank you so much!🔹🌿🔹🌿🔹🌿🔹🌿🔹🌿⚔

[@EvansdiAl]

This is one of the best podcasts ever out there. Totally subscribed and listening to every episode. Thanks to TSoAatMA for putting it out there!

[@EvansdiAl]

aka TSOAMA

[@elipepper6875]

Look at Fall Of Civilizations Ep. 8. Very good. highly detailed concerning cultural activity and civil interaction.

[@harrietlyall1991]

Great channel, top marks for absence of background music (ugh). I love the illustrations of carvings. I’ve never seen these images before, so it’s great that you’ve researched the authentic artefacts depicting and demonstrating the culture. I agree with the many comments praising this channel for its systematic presentation of archaeological data - as opposed to the zany speculation on some other channels: one time I noticed a daft comment that an Assyrian carving depicted someone wearing a wristwatch, thus “proving” they were time-travelling (🥴🤤🤪😆) whereas in fact the object was very obviously a bracelet ornamented with a little floral rosette like a daisy 🌼 as here at 16:07

[@cuthbertjolly4859]

Civilized people are people who live together in harmony.

[@JS-jh4cy]

Thank god an good video of the ancient civilizations with out alien 👽 cults saying YES to every damn discussion topic

[@radzewicz]

What you dont seem to be aware of is that the Sumerian stories that are paralleled in the Bible are 1500 to 3000 years older than the Bible versions. The Jewish Bible was compiled during the Babylonian captivity and borrows heavily on myths, legends, and folk lore of cultures many hundreds, even thousands of years older.

[@casparcoaster1936]

But, yes, the oldest cuniform tablets so far have been found in Sumerian language.

[@lynnmitzy1643]

I think the origins are far older than we think💛📚

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

What a beautiful looking video! I was absolutely mesmerised by the close-up views of the artistry on the Standard of Ur. I've seen the artifact itself in the British Museum, but I've never seen the detail like this.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

I really, really loved working on this one. I love working on them all but this one in particular is a favorite and as always your delivery is thorough and precise!

[@MrAndymcginn]

I couldn't find volume 1 episode 22 that is presented as a prequel to this great video...

[@alexandrasilvavidal105]

Obrigado!

[@pagen5219]

17:49 holding serpents these ancient carvings show so much truth of the battle we still in with fallen angels and good and evil

[@augustsonseventy42]

Interestingly Eridu was also a port town and natural harbour. It is one of if not even the oldest city known to man and organized religion was literally central in and to it. The oldest sophisticated and stratified civilization we know of also had fishing and sea faring technology and capability, apparently right away. They also engaged in long distance sea trading, with artefacts in ancient Egypt found that are believed to have been imported from Mesopotamia and brought along a sea trade route.

[@ghengiscrayon]

Neat take on Copeland’s Fanfare for a common man in the intro.

[@C.Noble13]

Nice. Gilgamesh and Enkidu Noah is .... Utnapishtim and Atra-hasis and Zedrasutra.

[@angelaparente4470]

like your reading voice

[@TheGreatResist]

How I miss this Channel's old videos 😢

[@Hypatiaization]

I like the intro music

[@sheilabarron5532]

As a child I had dreams of things I didn't understand it was old broken buildings tall buildings when I was 23 I explained to a friend she had me to draw my dreams they were ancient ruins so I got interested in them then just trying to understand more because I still have same dreams not as much as I was younger Great information🙏✌❤💙

[@MrVarsityphysics]

And then the otha Sumerian fella said “that’s not a noife, this is a noife” Great documentary.

[@joycemoechoen4531]

Thans you

[@AC-fu1lx]

Excellent presentation! Yikes to the crazy comments, people are loco online :/

[@nyeusiutawala9639]

B.B. Lal (Braj Basi Lal, better known as B. B. Lal, is an Indian archaeologist. He was the Director General of the Archaeological Survey of India from 1968 to 1972 and has served as Director of the Indian Institute of Advanced Studies, Shimla.) has shown conclusively that the Dravidians (original east Indians); (southern India), came from Nubia and were related to the C-Group people who founded the Kerma dynasty.(3) They both used a common black-and-red ware (BRW) which Lal found was analogous to ceramics used by the megalithic people in India who also used analogous pottery signs identical to those found in the corpus of Indus Valley writing. (4) Africa is not only the birthplace of humanity, it is also the birthplace of human civilization. Most people are aware that the Pharaonic civilization of ancient Egypt is one of the world’s oldest and longest-lasting. However, the nation of Ta-Seti predated Egyptian civilization.

[@nyeusiutawala9639]

The majority of West Africans formerly lived just below Egypt in Nubia/Sudan, before they moved westward into Cameroon, the Niger Valley and Senegambian regions. This part of Africa was inhabited by the Kushite people in ancient times. The Kushite people are usually associated with the C-Group civilization of Nubia and Egypt. The center of their civilization was situated first in Wawat (Southern Egypt) and later Kerma. The majority of West Africans speak languages that belong to the Niger-Congo group of languages. The Niger-Congo languages originated in Nubia and were probably spoken by some of the Kushites. Welmers (1971),explained that the Niger-Congo homeland was in the vicinity of the upper Nile valley. He believes that the Westward migration from Nubia began 5000 years ago. This was the center of the C-Group civilization. In support of this theory Welmers (1971) discusses the dogs of the Niger-Congo speakers. This is the unique barkless Basenji dogs which live in the Sudan and Uganda today, but were formerly recorded on Egyptian monuments (Welmers, 1971). The Basanji dog is the Egyptian hieroglyphic sign for dog. According to Welmers (1971) the Basanji, is related to the Liberian Basenji breed of the Kpelle and Loma people of Liberia. Welmers (1971) believes that the Mande took these dogs with them on their migration westward. The Kpelle and Loma speak Mande languages. Welmers (1971) believes that the Niger Valley region and other regions of West Africa may have been unoccupied when the Mande migrated westward from Nubia. In support of this theory Welmers' notes that the Liberian Banji dogs, show no cross-breeding with dogs kept by other African groups in West Africa, and point to the early introduction of this cannine population after the separation of the Mande from the other Niger-Congo speakers in the original upper Nile homeland for this population. As a result, he claims that the Mande migration occured before these groups entered the region. Linguistic research makes it clear that there is a close relationship between the Niger-Congo Superlanguage family and the Nilo-Saharan languages spoken in the Sudan. Heine and Nurse (2000), discuss the Nilo-Saharan connection. They note that when Westerman described African languages he used lexical evidence to include the Nilo-Saharan and Niger-Congo languages into a Superfamily he called "Sudanic" (Heine and Nurse, 2000). Using Morphological and lexical similarities Gregerson indicated that these languages belonged to a macrophylum he named " Kongo-Saharan" (Heine and Nurse, 2000). Research by Blench reached the same conclusion, and he named this Superfamily: "Niger- Saharan" (Heine and Nurse, 2000). The close relationship between Niger-Congo and Nilo-Saharan suggest an intimate relationship formerly existed between the diverse speakers of these language families, probably in Nubia.

[@nyeusiutawala9639]

Genetic evidence supports the upper Nile origin for the Niger-Congo speakers. Rosa et al. (2007), noted that while most Mande and Balanta carry the E3a-M2 gene, there are a number of Felupe-Djola, Papel, Fulbe and Mande carry the M3b*-M35 gene the same as many people in the Sudan. In addition to haplogroup E3, we also find some carriers of haplogroup R1*-M173 in Egypt and the Sudan. In Fig. 2 we observe that the majority of the carriers of y- chromosome M173 in Africa speak Niger-Congo languages. This genetic evidence makes it clear that R1*- M173 was probably carried by some C-Group speakers before they migrated out of the Upper Nile Valley region. Welmers (1971) proposed an Upper Nile homeland for the Niger-Congo speakers. He claims that they remained intact until 5000 years ago. This view is supported by linguistic and genetics evidence. The Greco-Roman writers made it clear that there were two Kushite empires one in Asia and the other group in the area we call the Sudan (Hansberry, 1981). The Greek writer Homer alluded to the two Kushite empires, when he wrote "a race divided, whom the sloping rays; the rising and the setting sun surveys". The Greek and Eurasia traveler/historian Herodotus claimed that he derived this information from the Egyptians. The Kushites were also called Ethiopians. The term Ethiopian comes from two Greek terms: Ethios 'burnt' and ops 'face', as a result Ethiopian means the 'burnt faces’. Herodotus and Homer, described these Ethiopians as "the most just of men; the favorites of the gods" (Hansberry, 1981). The classical literature makes it clear that the region from Egypt to India was called by the name Ethiopia.

[@ancient_Iraqi_Mesopotamian]

🇮🇶Civilizations of Mesopotamia(Iraq)🇮🇶Babylon🇮🇶Sumer🇮🇶Abbasid🇮🇶Akkad🇮🇶and Assyria🇮🇶Arabian Gulf❤️

[@nyeusiutawala9639]

According to Our Weekly, in 1962, a research team headed by Keith C. Seele, director of the University of Chicago’s Oriental Institute Nubian Expedition, discovered a Pharaonic dynasty in Nubia that predated the first Pharaonic period in Kemet (Egypt). The area extended from northern Sudan to southern Kemet; in some literature it was referred to as ancient Ethiopia, or as in the Bible, Kush. Today, it is called Ta-Seti. On March 1, 1979, The New York Times carried a front page article by Boyce Rensberger, with the headline: “Nubian Monarchy Called Oldest.” In the article, Rensberger wrote: “Evidence of the oldest recognizable monarchy in human history, preceding the rise of the earliest Egyptian kings by several generations, has been discovered in artifacts from ancient Nubia.” He estimated that “The first kings of Ta-Seti may well have ruled about 5900 BC.” www.nytimes.com/1979/03/01/archives/ancient-nubian-artifacts-yield-evidence-of-earliest-monarchy-clues.html

[@PAGANONYMOUS]

I wonder if the vast age of the kings, being many thousands of years is meaning how long a planet or a star takes to cycle through the night sky rather than the age of a human?

[@bluewolf993]

Interesting theory

[@charlesjmouse]

Very good, thank you. If I might bring up a pet peeve of mine simply because your podcasts are an excellent example of an author who doesn't fall for the all too recurrent mistake. We often fail to appreciate that the study of history for it's own sake is a very modern concept. We should hope to document the past as accurately as we can and try to draw our conclusions from that, but that is a very 'modern' concept indeed. Until surprisingly recently our forebears did not think like this at all. The meaning to be found within any story was it's 'truth', the idea that any tale might be literal 'fact' or entirely 'fiction' was not a concept anyone considered. Rather tales of the past were always a continuum ranging from "My father's name was..." all the way to "This obviously could never physically happen." But again I jut made the mistake of applying a modern outlook, such concepts were not a consideration. On a practicable front that makes our job much harder as we like to sort 'fact' from 'fiction', but differing outlook leads to two huge traps everyone from scholars to shysters fall in to. We miss the whole point of such tales, their meaning, as we try to sift the information. Worse, we often characterise the writers as 'liars' when they were no more dishonest than us. They were largely doing the honest job expected of them just as we should, it just so happens we misinterpret their job as being the same as ours and so assume they didn't do it very well. In short the writings and tales of our forbears are what they are, the good bad and ugly. We may use them as we see fit, preferably honestly. But don't mistake their intent as being the same as ours, for the most part it wasn't. Which brings me on to a specific example, which is the commonly used dishonest misinterpretation of religious texts and their historical context as a means to invalidate their message by those with the intend to do so. Needless to say one's belief in the 'message' of any religious text is a matter of faith, anyone who tries to argue science or religion from the perspective of the other is at best a fool. One is comparing apples with oranges - you can like one, both, or neither. The existence of one in no way depends on the other ...I digress. Getting back to the attitudes of our forbears who wrote all our religious texts. It's the 'meaning' contained within any tale that is important. You read the tale, you understand the 'meaning', you do with that 'meaning' what you will. That some of any tale may be 'factual' while some may be 'fiction' to our eyes was not a consideration to the writers, it was 'true' to the writers because to them the whole was 'truth'. The concept of warping 'the facts' to suit a narrative is very much a modern concept born directly from our view that 'fact' and 'fiction' are things and separate things at that. It is only complicated should we forget we are not our ancestors and if we dishonestly choose to see it as complicated. In short, take religious texts at face value for the meaning they attempt to convey. At the very least they contain accumulated 'wisdom' developed of thousands of years and it would be foolish to dismiss them out of hand. Take the results of that accumulated experience or not as you see fit. Should the reader be inspired to find faith in them too as of course the writers would have hoped that is up to them. One more aside. It also really ticks me off when the frankly dishonest commentator uses the 'antiquity argument' in an attempt to invalidate a text they have issue with, usually a religious text. We know the game: Text A contains a story that is very similar to Text B, Text B is very much older than Text A, therefore Text A is somehow invalid. Often not just that story but the whole thing! How is this not obvious nonsense? Yet dishonest commentators with an axe to grind are allowed to get away with this obviously false line of reasoning on a regular basis. I see no point in going through the many reasons why such an argument makes no logical sense at all, I'll just pick a couple of silly illustrations: a) Many years ago I picked up a museum guide, it was useful, I kept it. I recently went back to the same museum and pick up a new guide. Blow me if the two weren't very similar but not identical. Am I to assume the old guide is 'better' because it is older? Am I to assume the new guide is invalid because the old one exists? No, that would be utter nonsense. Now imagine a thousand years has passed, the museum is long gone, but both guides have survived. Maybe the older one was somehow preserved in the ruins and recently found while the newer one has been 'preserved' by recopying over the years. In that recopying the new guide may have picked up the occasional error or been in part rewritten by the copyist in an attempt to keep it's meaning understandable to their 'modern' eye. Now is the old guide 'better' than the descendant copy of the new one? No, of course not. They still contain much the same information, the same 'meaning', and are both still obviously guides to the same museum. But now you have a happy situation where you may compare the two and use those differences to construct something about the copyists and their history. If you are very clever you may even draw out how the museum itself changed between the writing of the old and original new guides ...or you can take a dishonest approach, throw the baby out with the bathwater, and learn nothing. b) I have in my hands two books on the history of Easter Island. One book was written two hundred years ago and on just a hundred years ago. It's the same history about the same place, which book is 'better'? The unthinking reply might be "The older one because it was written nearer the events." But here's the thing; You will know less about the writer of the older book and so know less about his skill and dedication than the writer of the newer book. Who do you trust? You do know that the writer of the older book may have had some part to play in the destruction of the culture on Easter Island and so could well not be an honest narrator of events, or at the very least have had their views skewed by personal experience. You know the writer of the newer book was somewhat removed from events but also will have likely had a less personal stake too. So which book is 'better' now? You might now say "The newer book" because of such concerns. I would say you are probably correct, although the nuanced answer might be "Let's compare both books for the information that comparison might reveal." I know, I know. On the off-chance anyone at all read this lengthy comment those people will have already given this subject sufficient thought to come to much the same conclusions. The 'dishonest' and the 'thoughtless' either won't have bothered or cheery-picked sections to bolster their own beliefs. But you never know, I have to hope it's sometimes possible to change a person's mind by reason.

[@chrisevans6201]

Interesting fact the achemid empire dug a canal to link between the tigres and Euphrates but it proved a malaria far so they reversed it

[@jackslepowron5905]

Cool 😎

[@smroog]

Chris, you always mention episode numbers ???? Where are these numbers ? Otherwise these are exceptional videos. Thank you !!!!!

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

These videos are actually created by this particular KZbin channel using my original podcast recording, so you are watching an approved secondary source. The primary source is an audio podcast which you can find more details about here... historyoftheworldpodcast.com/

[@anishaditya4400]

People always compare bible and epic of gilgamesh but they dont recognise the similraties between matsya purana and epic gilgamesh. Both are exactly the same only in different languages. Like the sumerian religion extending its origins way back in prehistory, hinduism has references to kings who lived very long lives and ruled cities advance than our current civilization so back in time that according to archeological records when humans were hunters and gatherers.

[@MackerelCat]

Interesting to note the traditional Chinese day is divided into twelve hours so maybe the Sumerians did likewise.

[@anutanastase5687]

MackerelCat The Persians divided the day in twelve hours. The used in mathematics 60 as basis, as we use today basis 10. A year had twelve months, using a zodiacal calender, and so on.

[@kareemmohammed5270]

i think i got in to all this jazz through the Assyrian, Babylonian demon pazuzu archaeological dig in hatra northern Iraq scene in the beginning of the 1973 movie the exorcist. the beginning was the best part of the hall movie. archaeological digs, ancient ruins in middle east, demons, very exciting stuff. sometimes when i watch these documentaries i feel as though i was born in the wrong era!

[@tetrusadima]

The song I need the song. I need to wake up and fall asleep to it. PUHLEAAASEEEE! I NEED THE SONG

[@matthewplehn4271]

25:50 The podcast Fall of Civilizations posits that the number 12 was derived from counting your knuckles of the fingers on one hand=12...do that 5 times you have 60. Thats just another theory on how they came to the number 12.

[@perfectlypurepinkpompompan3467]

WHY aren't the episodes numbered?? Well done, however!!

[@massimosquecco8956]

11:35: All these documents were written in a language called uniform! Quote from you. The Sumerian language was an isolated phenomenon and WAS WRITTEN in cuneiform characters: Writing and language cannot be synonymous with each other. Cuneiform writing was used for many other languages and dialects, for instance; Accadian.

[@NettiGaming]

I love your accent 😍

[@lorincszabo2452]

The i. e. In the 4th millennium, from the Ubaid era in the Uruk era, urban settlements with administrative buildings and churches developed in the Sumer area on the site of the former village settlement system. At the same time, the leading strata of the cities were obviously formed, headed by the servants of the churches, the priests, and the leaders and rulers of the city. According to the available data, these positions were not initially separated. The church was also an economic center.

[@nobodyatall3652]

What was the name of the intro song, I was getting into it and now I wanna finish the song

[@derekanderson6635]

Take a look at the nape of ol Nimrods neck on that statue are those "corn rows " i see?? YEP!

[@philbarker7477]

Totally agree Ryan.Saw one of these Viper 'things'.Started off normally and then went down the usual wormhole.Trouble is they seem to dominate the subject area.Is it because there are more sad people than interested ones?

[@fredgillespie5855]

Phil Barker - An ancient Greek guy by the name of Polybius noted that in general people prefer fables to the truth - and they still do over 2000 years later.

[@seraphim6786]

Interesting thought; to what I understand the "living 2900 years" thing could just be symbollic as the mesopotamians used numbers symbollically as well as literally.

[@augustsonseventy42]

The ancients, including Greeks and Romans, all believed that there was literally "a Golden Age," which was the first age of mankind, when men lived in (a natural) Paradise (the word paradise comes to us from the Greeks who got it from the Persians and it designated a very specific kind of garden. The Taj Mahal uses this kind of garden type, for example. The word was used by the Jews when they translated Genesis into Greek to describe the garden of Eden) and men had life spans of 1,000 years. It is where we get the term "golden age" from. While there was a lot of number symbolism and possibly the life spans in the Bible and Sumerian Kings List also have symbolic significance, the basic belief that once upon a time men lived extraordinarily long lives in relative ease and luxury was basic across ancient cultures and meant literally. The Egyptian Atlantis story is probably their (highly symbolical) take on this idea.

[@billwesley]

Hey, I was waiting for the part that would irritate me and instead it all seemed reasonable and thoughtful, an enjoyable lecture. I would suggest that the numbers in the king list are some form of numerology intended to evoke magic rather than to convey actual periods of time, Numbers are usually the most spiritual concept of all and the first spiritual and philosophic concern, there are no numberless creation myths that I know of. I suspect that a great deal of ancient numerology was related to a meld of musical numerology (Pythagoras and before) and astronomic astrology (the Sumerians and before). If it is intended as magic and the magic formula does relate to music or astronomy the thought behind it might be deciphered. Just as today exclusive societies put secret messages in their content from the structure of national monuments to the exact wording of origin myths so was it like that then I'd assume. They were as mystical about number then as we are now.

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

This is a fascinating reply, as I did not explore numerology in relation to these subjects, such is the lack of mainstream study. A number of sources claim extreme lifespans for their ancestors, not least of all the Hebrew Bible. Very interesting stuff.

[@user-sj1tt3ie3z]

& plimpton 322 was way before pythagoras.

[@nukelaloosh4795]

resistance is futile... assyrian proverb

[@Ani_B.]

Are you equating the Borg with the Assyrians. Lol. 😄

[@augustsonseventy42]

@14:30 is it possible this later infiltration (or immigration or self-assertion) of Akkadians in or into Sumer around Uruk is connected to the Tower of Babel story and the confusion of language, leading to disunity, misunderstanding and dispersion (the founding of new cities and colonies outside established areas or the conquering of foreign but weaker territories)? I think the controversial archeologist, David Rohl, suggested something similar and speculated that this may have had an impact on the emergence of dynastic Pharoahnic civilization in Egypt, which he convincingly argues had strong Sumerian and Mesopotamian influences in its earliest preferred weapons, architecture and religion, as well as in their official regalia (in their crowns and garments of royalty/kingship).

[@fredgillespie5855]

Augustson Seventy - I remember reading about ancient China and the writer was quoting from the Bamboo Books. He linked the Chinese back to Mesopotamia and the Tower of Babel, apparently the Bamboo books said that the first king of the Chinese (in Mesopotamia) had "doubly bright eyes" - just like the statue of Nimrod?

[@augustsonseventy42]

@@fredgillespie5855 okay

[@arealassassin]

STEEL-ee!! A stele (/ˈstiːli/ STEE-lee), or occasionally stela (plural stelas or stelæ), when derived from Latin, is a stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide, erected in the ancient world as a monument. Grave stelae were often used for funerary or commemorative purposes. Pronunciation, please! It's not hard to look up if you're not sure.

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

Yes, I agree it would be better for me to pronounce this word in the way you have suggested. The word does have mutiple pronunciations in various contexts. I'd like to make a heartfelt personal apology to you for my ignorant lack of effort on this episode and promise not to be so lazy in the future, as I'm sure you are an individual of high standards who deserves much better.

[@vanuaturly]

Well, I've seen PhDs in archaeology pronounce it wrong, so don't feel too bad.

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

@@vanuaturly I am constantly mispronouncing words! At least the feedback knew what I meant!

[@matthewplehn4271]

Noticed that Naram-Sin wasnt listed on your timeline.

[@4draven418]

To those interested you might want to get books on the subject. For example 'History begins at Sumer' by Samuel Kramer; The Great Flood on page 150 and Gilgamesh's translated from the poem on page 174. Also in the Introduction it shown how Cuneiform arose from the early pictograph symbols (seen in this video at around 32 minutes). In this and other books on Sumer, Enki is somewhat the equivalent of a 'naughty boy' (my phrase) and where in this video he is said to create human kind he gets the equivalent of a 'clip round the ear' for creating an imperfect being being. (Ha, there you are folks we've not a pretty picture right from the start). Enki gets more punishment from Ninhursag because he eats 'plants' that she had grown, and she puts a curse on him....but then later she cures him. First of the great lovers is Enki, ha! Sumerian language and writing system presents real problems for researchers. For a start it doesn't seem to be related to any spoken language before or since, although it is possible that its roots are now lost and forgotten. Another problem is that the written form doesn't necessarily represent the spoken. Yet another problem is that one sound can have a variety of meanings. There are some experts that suggest that Sumerian may have been partly tonal too (which might be similar to say, Thai, Chinese etc.). And to 'top it all' numbers of tablets written in Cuneiform have apparently been found that make no sense at all. Of course these problems are breeding grounds for sensationalists and come with ridiculous ideas and 'make a quick buck' as it were.

[@izme4700]

Isn’t Enkidu a Sasquatch?

[@fahidlangs9266]

Proud mesopotamian

[@budscroggins2632]

when inscribing a cuniform tablet or cylinder seal there really was no margin for error when it came to grammatical or spelling mistakes

[@georgetan8304]

Sumerians first used 12...12 hours, 12 months, 12 zodiac signs...their gods are also sculpted to wear a watch-like object in their wrist.

[@19BenZ57]

from PERSIA ArmeniA with Passion

[@Dance0fDays67]

This narration appears to be geared toward primary school students

[@andrewbolesworth9288]

There are 13 lunar months in a year, not 12! Hence there are naturally 13 months in a yearas per the original zodiac constellations, they used a base 12 system because it can be halved quartered and thirded easily, 60 is simply an obvious follow on into larger units. A simple mistake.

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

This is a very good argument.

[@jandypimpson]

25:53 60 seconds in an hour? ;)

[@historyoftheworldpodcast5234]

You have scored 100 points for that! I'm aware of this error, and you are the first to have spotted it. Great work!

[@AbhinandanABS]

in those old days there was no concept of a year. it was seasons or suns or moons ago

[@nyeusiutawala9639]

Genesis 10:8-12 (Torah) 8) Kush (Nubia, Sudan, Ethiopia) begot Nimrud: and he became a warrior/tyrant upon the earth. Nimrud ruled from Africa, Arabia, Mesopotamia all the way to India he was from North Sudan.The people out of North Sudan a part of the Kush Empire was where the men were very tall and strong Nimrud came from there. These people are mentioned by Isaiah in 18:2. These people were known to be a fierce warrior class. Nimrud was known by many different names, here is a list of some just to name a few: Gilgamesh, Baal, Belus, Melcartth, Adonis, Eshmun, Dumuzi, Dionysus, Bacchus, Orion, Mithra, Apollo, Ra, Tammuz, Osiris, Titan, Hercules. 9) He was a warrior hunter in the face of the Most High: therefore it is said, like Nimrud the warrior hunter in God’s face. 10) And the first of his kingdom was Babel (East Africa), Erekh, Akkad, (city north of Iraq) and Calneh, in the land of Shinar (Sumer) www.bible-history.com/old-testament/nimrod-kingdom.gif image.slidesharecdn.com/iraqhistoryppfinal-150506130819-conversion-gate01/95/the-history-of-kurdistan-and-iraq-30-638.jpg?cb=1430918125 11) From that land he went to Asshur, (Regions of Iraq, Turkey, Syria and Iran), and built Nineveh, Rehoboth Ir, Calah, 12) And Resen between Nineveh and Calah: that is the principal city. Sir Henry Creswicke Rawlinson was convinced that there was a relationship between the Sumerians and Africans. As a result he used two African languages: one Semitic and the other Kushitic to decipher the cuneiform writing. Rawlinson was sure that the ancient Nubians and Puntites founded Mesopotamian civilization.(1) The Sumerians referred to themselves as ùĝ saĝ gíg ga (cuneiform: 𒌦 𒊕 𒈪 𒂵), phonetically /uŋ saŋ gi ga/, literally meaning "the black-headed people" Sumerians were head shavers just like the Egyptians. Sumerian Ruler Gudea Madrid, Spain - February 24, 2017: head of Gudea at National Archeological Museum of Madrid. He was a ruler of the Sumerian city of Lagash in Southern Mesopotamia

[@atillathehungry3145]

The video started and yhe music made me think I'd been Jumanjied.

[@KC-kq3iv]

Well then we shell thank them for everything we know.

[@Thoth_al_Khem]

The Sumerian Tablets tells us ADAM-meaning EARTHLING, whose real name was ADAPA ,LIVED 9.3 SHARS of Nibiru...a SHAR is 3600 years----3600 x 9.3 = 33480 years. Bible editors recorded 930 years....for Adam. I am a Bible Scholar and have studied the Anunnaki now for 12 years. They ARE the ELOHIM of the bible.