Early Medieval Guilds

[@MLaserHistory]

Go to nordvpn.com/laserhistory to get a 2-year plan plus 4 additional months with a huge discount! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Extra Information & Sometimes Corrections if Needed !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 0:05 Of course, all Guild and Gild banners presented in this video are just an artistic representation of a guild banner not actual historical ones. 0:10 (kzbin.info/www/bejne/eH2ZnGaPgsx0isk) Actually, I "WILL" make a video about that. I sadly didn't have time to make and release both of the videos at the same time. Sorry. I am aiming to release the guild video at some point early next year. I know that seems far away but, I already have many other things that I need to work on. But, at least you get an extra secret short video from me :) 0:13 The picture of the Hanseatic League (a high to late medieval merchant guild) structure refers specifically to the Hansa "Contors". kzbin.info/www/bejne/pJyZY5yqid2qq80 The Hansa was structured differently in German cities. 0:33 They also call them 'gilds' because that's what the early medieval sources call them sometimes. The word 'guild' did not emerge before the high middle ages. Of course, the word guild did evolve from the earlier word gild. 3:43 Also, there could be areas where the collegia survived and morphed into the early medieval gilds, areas like modern day Italy or the Iberian peninsula, all while areas of the Frankish Empire and modern day Britain could have had a whole new "Germanic" system of gilds emerge. Basically there could be a lot of nuance present. 5:08 Origin and Creation: London Guilds of the Twelfth Century, Katherine Payne 7:02 For most of his reign Odo of France (reign 888-898) was in a struggle against Charles the simple over the control of the Western Frankish Throne. Odo mostly controlled northern France (although in reality it was a much more complicated separation of control/loyalties between the two monarchs than just a simple north south divide) hence the map in the video tried to showcase that. Odo eventually died and Charles won. 7:19 Since the establishment of the gild required the peasants to swear oaths of loyalty to each other. Kings viewed this as an act of disobedience because the only authorities within a kingdom you should swear an oath to is the king and the church. This may seem like a small symbolic thing today but back than the swearing of oaths was taken very seriously. 7:25 These Saxon companion gilds mostly include the Saxon Stellinga (but not only them). Here, the definition of the gild can be easily applied to a well known political Saxon movement, and even though some historians would be reluctant to call the Stellinga gilds, for this video I am going with the paper by Naismith Rory "Gilds, States and Societies in the Early Middle Ages." which does classify them as gilds. 10:45 Naismith, Rory. "Gilds, States and Societies in the Early Middle Ages." Early Medieval Europe 28, no. 4 (2020): 627-62. 11:28 The mandated frequent prayers in many social gilds where also often supposed to be conducted for the well being and good health of the fellow members of the gild. It was, in essence, yet another insurance cooperation, however, this time a spiritual one rather than a monetary one. 11:40 Renard, Georges François, G. D. H. Cole, and Dorothy. Terry. Guilds in the Middle Ages, p. 18. Video scripts with all my sources are available for free on my Patreon.

[@charleskendrick4997]

iiiiiii

[@rogerwilco2]

Why do you pronounce Gild as gjild, but Guild as gild?

[@MLaserHistory]

@@rogerwilco2 because there is no 'u' in gild, and 'i' in latin is a soft 'e' sound making it sound like there's a 'j' there when I try to pronounce it.

[@paularsenal8014]

Imagine trying to defend your community from viking raids and the king just fucking murders you

[@MLaserHistory]

Yeah, that was literally my reaction when I read about it.

[@LuisAldamiz]

The Frankish kings were only worried about their own power, they did not care much about Viking raids... until they looted Paris, then they made a deal with the Vikings: from now on you'll be called Normans and will speak French, oulala!

[@wokeuplikethis7729]

**RAID: SHADOW LE-**

[@IAsimov]

It still happens. In Mexico, in the state of Michoacán, after the Cartels there got too much power to the point the authorities were practically nonexistent, they formed self-defense militias in order to fight against them, as it was composed by farmers who got fed up with their cruelty. Only after THAT happened, did the federal government actually get involved to fight against said self-defense militias. That did NOT fly well with the media, whenever if for the fact the government ignored the people under attack until they actively defended themselves, or for the fact they went against people that wanted to defend themselves (at the time). Last I heard, the government made an agreement with some self-defense militias to train them to become proper police forces. That said, lack of legal regulation corrupted their purpose, and the self-defense militias that did not regulate ended up employing the same means as the Cartels... and ended up forming *another* Cartel. Seeing the history of it, a morbid part of me makes me understand why Kings did it. King Odo of France, for instance, should not have left the crisis escalate to the point of people forming their own militia, so he's still an asshole. But, in a very machiavellian sense, power you are not wielding is power that may be dangerous to you. After King Odo ignored them for too long, it was either cutting the problem at the root, or risk letting them become a new state after getting the weapons and the means to do so.

[@garyoakham9723]

@@IAsimov this is why Mexico needs a duerte. Nobody will like you but your action will save the country

[@LuisAldamiz]

The Basque county of Araba (Álava, a very old self-ruled area conquered by Asturias in the late 9th century, probably also including Biscay early on) was a scenario of the fights against a major protection guild(s), known as hermandades, who fought against bandits who were actually petty lords. They were powerful enough to force the monarchs to accept their rules and they are tightly related to to the formation of the self-ruled late medieval and modern county, which has in its schuteon the legend "justicia contra malhechores" (justice against wrongdoers) based on those constituent guild struggles.

[@T-meister-rocker]

This also had a lasting influence on the anarchist movement in Spain. One of the reasons why the ideas of anarchist federalism had so much purchase and spread pretty quickly in the region.

[@LuisAldamiz]

@@T-meister-rocker - Never heard of that at all. I tried to be Anarchist back when I was younger and was set aback by their hatred of Basque nationalism. It's not just me, Felix Likiniano, who led the Commune of Donostia (San Sebastian, one of the three cities where the fascist coup was defeated by popular uprising), who was a CNT member, would later fall apart with them and ended designing the logo of Marxist guerrilla ETA (he was an acomplished artist too).

[@thomasvertommen9526]

Hi, greetings from Antwerp here, loved the video. In case you're interested in Guilds in today's context: I myself am part of the Saint Michael's Guild of Antwerp. There are also likewise guilds in Bruges, Gent and Gouda. We in Antwerp were "resurrected" a few years ago. Each of these tries to honour the tradition and function of the old protection guilds, and tries to keep some of their traditions alive. In essence; it's a fencing guild in Historical European Martial Arts (HEMA), following the 16th-century written rules for fencing with multiple weapons (longswords, rapiers, daggers, staves, halberds,...). We also keep the "Dodenminne" (=+-remembrance of the dead) in which we gather around a memorial tile in the Cathedral of Antwerp dedicated to one of the Headmen of the Guild and honour the dead members of our guild and those dear to us who are deceased. Or the King's Tournament, which is basically an annual tournament to decide who is the best fencer of the guild. With all the honorary rituals and services included. For example, Antwerp's St-Michael's guild was founded and approved of in 1488 by Maximilian of Habsburg, and would be responsible for his protection when he visited the city, as well as form the official professional core of the city's militia; mostly offering what we'd consider "officers" or "NCO's" today, capable of leading the more semi-or-non-professional militiamen. There are to this day also old archery -and riflemen's guilds -based on crossbow and arquebusier guilds of the middle ages up untill the French revolution, after which all the protection guilds were formally disbanded and their assets seized. If you're interested, our current Headman is quite deeply informed in all this history and its nuances :)

[@JelMain]

You have, for example, the crossbowmen's guild In Brussel, which had a range near St Gudula, and iirc had a relationship with yours. They seem never to have finished, and still meet for papegai shoots in the Pajottenland.

[@warrcoww6717]

Gilds seem pretty badass, most people see the early Middle Ages in a pretty negative light, but between social Gilds and the early medieval warm period it sounds like a decent time to me. Better than the 1300’s anyway.

[@IAsimov]

While I wouldn't go as far as preferring to live in the medieval era over the current one, it's a really fascinating era that shows plenty of light even after the fall of the roman empire. The average peasant was self-sufficient, community was a focus, and there was more gender equality than people assume. Hell, I've always found it fascinating how female brewsters were the norm, and they were rich women since everybody loved booze (brooms to signal beer was ready, knowledge of ingredients to boil in a pot, cats to kill pests, old age and power... ever wonder where the image of the witch came from?) It was only with the Black Death, the writing of the Malleus Maleficarium, and the centralization of power, when things really went to shit. Sure, the passing of the Black Death meant peasants had more political and economic power, but it also meant the Church and the Monarchies got more power later on, and that both women and non-catholics saw their rights suffer.

[@BrazilianImperialist]

The "dark" ages were pretty light

[@theposhdinosaur7276]

Nightmare mode: being a german peasant in the 1600's.

[@kelor123]

​@@theposhdinosaur7276 yeah, with the religion wars and nobilty feud, it's sucks.

[@mokkaveli]

​@@theposhdinosaur7276 sixth circle of Hell mode: being an athletic young boy from Sparta during the Peloponnesian War

[@joeuoe1998]

In the late medival even special "knights only" guilds came up - I know about the ones in Frankonia (todays North of Bavaria) und Upper Palatia (East of todays Bavaria), which formed a kind of a local governmental assembly, because there were no bigger lords between them and the Kaiser.

[@MLaserHistory]

Yeah the early medieval Saxon Companion Gilds were very similar to those.

[@JelMain]

The classic being the Templar knights of the Ardennes, at first just a fistful. The big change in the Black Death saw large numbers of landless retainers roaming the land as freebooters, picked up in Dufay's L'Homme Armé folk mass (c1433), which was a folksong commandeered by him to promote Christ/St Michael in Judgment.

[@godule1]

Very detailed and professionally explained subject. Always a good time when M.Laser History pop in my feed

[@mikabitar2945]

that was a great video I'm leaving a comment for the algorithm good luck

[@MLaserHistory]

The algorithm gods see and accept your offering.

[@overwatchaddict2732]

It worked. 1 year later though. What an algorithm

[@matheusalves5160]

After 1 year, it worked. Better late than never, i guess

[@nickhbt]

Me too

[@benparo171]

God speed soldier, a year late is better than never

[@Stuugie.]

Gilds sounds almost like a general word used for any semi official organizing group of people, very interesting stuff

[@MLaserHistory]

Yeah, sometimes it definetly was. However, other words like collegia still existed and were used, so the question is what difference did the writers see in gilds vs other institutions when they chose to use one of the words over the other. A problem with this whole topic is that there simply has not been enough research done into it. There's only a couple of articles and no books or any substantial body of work, so what we know about these gilds now could change drastically ones someone writes a book about it or does a PhD dissertation on it.

[@thePyiott]

Gilde is a word for party in the Norse language. The word gilde originally meant payment so there is no surprise that a gilde in viking age Scandinavia was a festive gathering where business was discussed with some religious element to it as well.

[@shryggur]

So, basically, fantasy warrior guilds are more OG than industrial guilds from your typical history coursebook. I wonder if there was a real mage guild/gild somewhere at some point.

[@albertoftasmania]

He said that there were occult gilds.

[@yuin3320]

In medieval Europe such would have been stigmatized as "dealing with demons" or at the very least as heresy. So those that existed probably kept it so quiet they may not have had physical records, or they made sure said records stayed well _well_ away from the church's view. Now that you got me thinking about it, there were probably a ton of smaller gatherings of people trying to research magic throughout the centuries of the medieval era. It's not like when the church came around, absolutely everyone universally decided "Y'know what? These guys know what's up. We should let them dictate everything and erase centuries upon centuries of our ancestors' work that informed how we relate to and view the world."

[@majorian4897]

Neo-Platonism is a heresy and will be crushed by the local bishop lol

[@shryggur]

@@albertoftasmania ​Wasn't it like about Roman proto-gilds aka hobby clubs, though?

[@shryggur]

@@yuin3320 from that perspective, the church and its monasteries and orders could be interpreted as guilds of some sort. Or, since the Church was centralized, more like its "departments" or "bureaus," none of them being about mere magic, unfortunately. A fun topic to explore in some fantasy/alt-history setting for sure

[@silesiaball9505]

Never heard of gilds before Great video Can't wait to see the next interesting topic

[@MLaserHistory]

OU the next one is a banger, trust me ;)

[@tristansoendergaard7867]

@@MLaserHistory oh really?

[@domenigo97]

Man, this is so interesting. I think guilds are often overlooked in medias and fiction, even though they would bring in such an interesting dynamic for example in the politics of a city. I could see guilds playing a role in stories like a song of ice and fire

[@cinemaipswich4636]

In Roman Times they also had guilds. The recipe for making red glass, and cement was lost for nearly 80 years. Trade secrets run throughout history. The word "Apprenticeship" is derived from the guilds. Rembrandt's painting, "The Night Watch" is a form of guild.

[@DaRealKakarroto]

As a native german speaker, 'guild' translates to "Gilde", as does probably 'gild' (don't trust the computer translator which suggest "vergolden" since it refers towards 'to gild', so not a noun), so it is quite the challenge to properly tell them apart. Another term would be great to not confuse these two, but I struggle to come up with a good substitute, "Klub" (club) came to mind but might cause another confusion ...

[@jonnyadkins451]

Knee-deep in schoolwork at the moment so I keep having to fight the procrastination and stop myself from clicking on what comes up in my recommended, but I always make an exception for your videos:)

[@petyrbaelish2000]

This was an amazing video! Thank you so much! I watched plenty of videos discussing how guilds operated in the late medieval period, but you're the first one I'm watching talking about their origins

[@ThisisBarris]

Great video man! Always found these guilds fascinating.

[@georgejanzen774]

Nice one! Always good to see another video from you.

[@ludvercz]

Ngl that entertainment involving bears and dancing girls sounds fun.

[@JelMain]

The National Youth Theatre movement has it's home in The Bear Pit, a youth company in Alleyn's School, with a direct descent from Shakespeare's impressario, who inherited the Southwark Stews (well, via several generations of his wife's family) from the Archbishop of Winchester. Outside of London's square mile, anything went, and was rivalled in gang culture by the East End, and the heritage seems to have only died down recently with the gentrification of the area. This in turn raises the issue of wider migrations and the existence of trade enclaves on the Thames, protecting Hanseatic interests, and others.

[@Loweves2]

Just found this. Extremely useful in a project I'm in the middle of. Awesome stuff.

[@lightbox617]

A recent 5 week stay in Florence was a tour of buildings created in the 13th to 17th Century by guilds. Wool, iron, pharmacy leather crafters and more built major structures and commissioned major public art.

[@historydawn9982]

Wow I like your content. Editing and narrating make your channel my favorite. Your work should be admired . You are deserve more subscriber I hope you must gain 1 Million subscriber by the end of this year. Please keep continue this type of amazing work. Your admirable hard work and deep research make you the best channel on KZbin.

[@MLaserHistory]

Thanks.

[@joeuoe1998]

Even knights from bordering areas like the Westerwald or the Vogtland (Terra Advocatorum) joined these assemblies to strenghten their stands at home.

[@T-meister-rocker]

A lot of anarchists look to early guilds as a example of self governance, mutual aid and social dynamism based upon need and shared interests. Given how their goals shifted over time. And had a pretty egalitarian structure for membership/leadership. You can see the analogy as a lot of it was self organised inspite the king's authority.

[@darkbrightnorth]

These are very interesting parts of labour and production and education that people just don’t remember too often these days. Great video!

[@ronanlooney3112]

Solid video on Middle Ages’ frats

[@JelMain]

The clan structure of early Brussels turns around seven famiglias, each named for a non-topological knight, T'Serhugues, for example, each based around a form of peel tower/donjon. Although they had some family identity, they stretched far further, and in some ways had later echoes in Munich beerhalls.

[@In_Our_Timeline]

M laser makes the best videos

[@LongTran-kp3kz]

This was a PERFECT video to both learn some quick history facts and help get material for fiction worldbuilding! Nice!

[@gorillaguerillaDK]

Interesting, we call having a party/feast, to have a "gilde"…. "Drikkegilde" and "Ædegilde" are words we use about a party/feast where there’s a lot of drinking or a lot of eating!

[@joeuoe1998]

Nice maps of the germanic migrations into the roman empire. But one thing was wrong: There was never a tribe of "Franks", but the later Franks were a collection of leftover germanic soldiers in Gaul. They were headed by a cohort of rider-soldiers originally from Sarmatia, also beeing left in the Westerwald (todays South of Belgium).

[@RoderickVI]

Its untrue collegia died, or that they cannot be linked to medieval guilds. In Catalonia we had col.legis all the way up to 1714, and gremis (guilds) at the same time. The difference was col.legis were for artists (those who studied the liberal arts), so lawyers, financiers, etc. Guilds were for hand labourers, like smiths and tailors.

[@drose6437]

One of the few good history channels on youtube

[@rubenheutink1271]

Gotta give reaction this video must go viral

[@MLaserHistory]

Thank you :)

[@gabrielp4392]

Great explanation! Thank you!

[@hlibushok]

First I was really confused where is that "High to Late Medieval Guilds" video and why it refers to the video about Public Works Hermits instead. Only then did I realize that Matus is a genius planning his video releases years ahead. Kind of.

[@MLaserHistory]

Yup :D genius! Not at all lazy or inconstant with uploads and topics.

[@Remesayy]

You deserve more views, comment for the algorithm

[@benjaminvonstein]

For the ‘rhythm

[@mercenaryeyes]

So entertaining, knowledgeable and very precise, i enjoyed every second and i wish i could see more and say more but it seem like you have done it already.

[@ManuelTorres-vq8ov]

Imagine people in 1000 years discussing what was a club

[@commiecat5879]

If a local chess club organizes to save innocents maybe people someday will

[@iannnn1455]

So partying priests was a thing. cool😎

[@TheRealKiRBEY]

Hitting that medieval zaza while frolliping in the wheat farm

[@rollout1984]

My beloved Knights of Columbus would have fit in well back then.

[@lukaocallaghan8595]

Now I just feel silly

[@jtgd]

I’ve been bamboozled too early in the morning

[@kingjoe3rd]

This concept reminds me of Mardi Gras organizations that exist where I live.

[@johnnymartinez478]

A very 2016 style youtube info great job memory lane

[@Artur_M.]

The protection/military gilds seem very interesting.

[@MLaserHistory]

They were very weird institutions. The ones in cities like London were basically police cooperatives while the rural ones could literally sometimes resemble bandit groups, kind of like Robin Hood, but also, in the case of the Saxon ones, they could be considered as peasant armies in a way. Kind of like a lot of small versions of the National Guard of the Paris Commune. Also, as always with these things, there's a blurred line between what could be considered a bandit group, a gild institution, a popular uprising against Frankish power, or all of the above.

[@superlitin1]

Hell yeah, too few videos about this topic

[@imoutoconnoisseur]

"These people are drinking and having fun instead of going to church. Ban them." -Clergyman, 9th century Ah, some things never change.

[@bassoftramz3988]

awesome video

[@FroggyHopScotch30]

Those medevil cats were really repping their set. They was Fr Gang Gang!!! On fo nem!!!!

[@lordsneed9418]

very interesting! I wish depictions of medieval europe focused on this more instead of just war and disease and filth

[@SizzleCorndog]

Damn can’t believe historians made guilds from world of Warcraft into a real thing

[@TylerThomas]

it would be so cool if @warhorsestudios would make KCD2 and incorporate guilds.

[@Hy-jg8ow]

Cool! Thanks for the video!

[@bensantos3882]

The whole time i watched this I immediately thought of and hoped you would make a Fairy Tail Guild reference for pop culture sake. Apparently you must be a Sabertooth Guild member or one of the Dark Guilds that is hurt for being unregistered!

[@BlueFlameFoxX]

The “Alcuin of York” sounds like a medieval karen 😂

[@eezokk]

I like history and you made non sensationalist history accessible. Very nice

[@Kim-J312]

This reminds me of the Masons, Templars ect of the Masonic Temples. My uncle is a Mason . To attend or join is through genealogy. Women join Eastern Star ( my aunt) , I joined Jobes Daughters. I had to prove I was related to a Mason( my uncle). The young boys join DeMolay, girls join Jobes Daughters, women join Eastern star. All the meetings are at Masonic temples.

[@holyfreak86]

Great video man! Really interesting topic. Greetingsfrom Argentina! 🇦🇷

[@benjaminstevens4468]

Algorithm says: FEED ME, Seymour!

[@lukerp2291]

Here is another comment to boost this video good sir

[@noshame2389]

Very informative!

[@migamaos3953]

love your channel bro

[@mark-be9mq]

Thank you, and God bless.

[@frozengansit0]

guild just seems like an early system of Insurance companies, unions and or militia.

[@Atwood_Law]

Your videos are fantastic

[@louieBlaster]

You are forgetting the Guild of the Torturers. Well actually they have yet to be created.

[@pietroamaral6769]

Great video! Although what are your sources? There were none in your Patreon. Would love to read more on this topic...

[@MLaserHistory]

In the script. Download the script. www.patreon.com/posts/foundation-of-57633720?

[@pietroamaral6769]

@@MLaserHistory Thanks very much my friend! Love you videos!!

[@maximmilliandahszz4571]

Can hear "shakers" wothout thinking on fat, round and juicy bubble thugs.

[@بُطُرسحَسَّان]

ANOTHER FUCKING AMAZING VIDEO. I LOVE MEDIEVAL ECONOMICS

[@cupidsfavouritecherub9327]

This is cool. Subbed 👍

[@X3h0n]

I have a small request. I usually watch videos with subtitles turned on. Subtitles occupy a few % of the bottom of the video, if at all possible it would be great if you could avoid using that space for showing any kind of information, e.g. time period @ 0:29. This would aid viewers who have trouble with hearing or with the language or just weird people like me who like to have subtitles on just in case. I love your videos though, they have taught me much about the history of a place and time I once thought I already knew about, yet actually knew only the surface level of. Thank you for lifting the veil of ignorance from those of us who might otherwise not had the time or opportunity to study the subject by ourselves.

[@MLaserHistory]

Reasonable request and I do know about the issue. To be honest I just forget about it most of time when I am editing a video but I'll try to avoid it in future videos.

[@samwich9242]

Great vid

[@neonnsteel]

Take a shot every time he says gilds and you're ears squint.

[@codyfarrell8965]

Great video!

[@jackmclaughlin648]

Very good video.

[@VonPlanter]

I'm new fan

[@noone4700]

Amazing !

[@bradthebrewer5732]

Could you also do a video on how the East (Byzantines) did Gilds? Love the video!!!

[@MLaserHistory]

Maybe someday. First I need to do the promised high medieval guilds video.

[@dQuigz]

You made a video in the past referencing a video you're going to make in the future or is this time travel?

[@MLaserHistory]

Yes

[@dQuigz]

@@MLaserHistory nice

[@gamikewolf]

Amazing content.

[@liveforever9888]

Interesting video 👍

[@sauronmordor7494]

yes

[@karatheloremaster]

Time to re play guild 2

[@40nights40daystv]

The og unions

[@ThisPossumKnits]

You need to protect yourself... by watching Netflix from countries you're not supposed to! 😂

[@joeuoe1998]

But interesting stuff, I didn't know about.

[@thecursed01]

so early guilds fromed similar to yakuza. but those still exist

[@2bit8bytes]

Your links to High to Late Medieval Guilds is going to the Hermits video.

[@MLaserHistory]

I know, I haven't made the video yet. I was planning to release it after this one but life got in the way.

[@sauceless6666]

i never understand why so many people try to just slap a singular "reason" behind things... unless you are talking very basic physics, things nearly never have 1 singular reason. It should be abundantly clear that gilds/guilds where influenced and created because of a large range of reasons with no possible singular explanation behind the creation

[@GuildsmanPirate]

God I love guilds

[@twillis1998]

ILL NEVER LET THEM PUT A MICRO CHIP IN MY HOUSE

[@lindsaykania106]

nice

[@agarcia8312]

Intresting

[@leodalbahutt4757]

Very cool

[@elliottprehn6342]

Hell yea

[@Boombox69in]

Well done, thank you!

[@prithvirajg107]

ADVENTURE GUILD FROM FANTASY MANGA/ANIME

[@sarcasmo57]

How do I start a guild?