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🎯 Key Takeaways for quick navigation: 00:00 *🎙️ Introduction to the Webinar* - Introduction to the webinar titled "Step-by-step of a systematic review and meta-analysis." - Overview of the speaker, Dr. Oscar Alberto Morales, and his expertise in academic writing and research. - Outline of the presentation structure covering various aspects of systematic review and meta-analysis. 03:13 *📚 Importance and Justification of Systematic Reviews* - Explanation of the importance of studying, reading, and publishing systematic reviews. - Justification for the necessity of systematic reviews in accessing quality information efficiently, making urgent decisions, developing research lines, and advancing in academic and professional careers. 07:03 *🔍 Understanding Systematic Reviews: Definition and Methods* - Definition and explanation of systematic reviews as studies that identify, evaluate, and synthesize available scientific evidence systematically. - Emphasis on the use of systematic and objective methods to ensure replicability, minimize bias, and produce reliable results for informed decision-making. 09:00 *🌐 Application and Scope of Systematic Reviews* - Expanding the scope of systematic reviews beyond clinical studies to include various fields such as education, social sciences, and linguistics. - Highlighting the versatility of systematic reviews in addressing different types of interventions, prevalence studies, methodological flaws, controversies, and research gaps. 11:23 *🔄 Types of Systematic Reviews and Their Significance* - Overview of different types of systematic reviews, including conventional reviews, integrative reviews, scoping reviews, umbrella reviews, and meta-analyses. - Discussion on the relevance of each type of systematic review in synthesizing and analyzing scientific literature effectively across various disciplines. 14:30 *📊 Diverse Studies Suitable for Systematic Reviews* - Explanation of the wide range of studies suitable for inclusion in systematic reviews, including clinical trials, observational studies, descriptive studies, case studies, and preclinical studies. - Emphasizing the importance of synthesizing diverse studies to comprehensively address research questions and gaps in knowledge. 16:22 *🤔 Considerations for Conducting Systematic Reviews* - Highlighting essential considerations for conducting systematic reviews, such as the need for prior knowledge of existing literature, avoiding redundancy, and ensuring rigorous methodology and effort in the review process. 19:32 *🎯 Justification for Systematic Reviews* - Systematic reviews should address a gap in existing literature to be valid. - Pertinence and social relevance are crucial; previous studies' inconsistencies or methodological errors can justify new research. - Solid justifications are essential, not merely because of past failures or laboratory setbacks. 23:32 *📚 Formulating Clear Research Questions* - The PICO format aids in framing clear and precise research questions. - Different formats like SPIDER and PCC cater to various review types. - Customizing questions is crucial to delimiting the scope of the review effectively. 29:07 *🔄 Initiating a Systematic Review* - Start with a thorough literature review, including meta-analyses and previous systematic reviews. - Identifying gaps in existing literature justifies the need for a new review. - Registering the review protocol helps prevent duplication and establishes ownership of the research area. 34:15 *📋 Methodological Design and Protocol Registration* - Develop a clear protocol for the systematic review, following established guidelines or creating a custom one. - Registering the protocol, e.g., with PROSPERO, adds credibility and prevents duplication of efforts. - Defining search strategies, including language and time periods, is essential for a comprehensive review. 38:06 *📚 Literature Review Strategies* - Importance of selecting a recent timeframe for literature search, - Utilizing electronic databases and focusing on recent, high-quality sources, - Defining clear keywords and utilizing them effectively in search strategies. 39:29 *🎯 Keyword Selection and Search Strategies* - Clear definition and selection of keywords related to the research topic, - Utilizing keywords to improve visibility and accessibility of the research, - Strategies for identifying relevant keywords through database searches and analyzing previous studies. 40:41 *📊 Source Selection and Database Utilization* - Importance of selecting high-quality electronic databases, - Strategies for choosing appropriate databases based on research scope and focus, - Utilizing open-access and specialized databases for specific research interests. 42:48 *🔍 Systematic Search and Selection Process* - Systematic approach to searching and selecting relevant studies, - Recording and tracking search results systematically, - Criteria for selecting studies based on research objectives, study design, and methodological quality. 57:35 *🔍 Meta-analysis purpose and methodology* - Meta-analysis aims to summarize individual study findings into a comprehensive overview. - It focuses on effect size rather than statistical significance. - Challenges include data transformation and dealing with heterogeneity among studies. 01:00:05 *📊 Factors influencing meta-analysis outcomes* - Heterogeneity arises from variations in study designs and control groups. - Variability in effect sizes influences meta-analysis results. - Identifying moderating variables helps explain heterogeneity in outcomes. 01:06:57 *📈 Interpretation of Forest Plot in meta-analysis* - Forest plots visually summarize meta-analysis findings. - They show individual study results and combined effect sizes. - Variability and heterogeneity are depicted, aiding interpretation of overall findings. 01:17:28 *📊 Meta-analysis and Reliability Generalization* - Meta-analysis evaluates the generalization and reliability of measurement instruments used in various fields of study. - Conducting a meta-analysis involves synthesizing primary studies that exclusively use a particular instrument to assess its reliability and generalizability. - Meta-analyses help researchers gain confidence in using specific measurement scales by demonstrating consistency and reliability across multiple studies. 01:21:44 *📚 Structuring Research Articles* - Understanding the structure of research articles is essential for effective communication of findings. - Analyzing the structure requirements of target journals and following them meticulously enhances the clarity and impact of research. - Tools like PRISMA and resources from medical sciences provide detailed guidelines for organizing research articles effectively. 01:30:09 *💻 Systematic Reviews in Other Disciplines and Technological Tools* - Systematic reviews are underutilized in fields like administration and economics but offer valuable insights and opportunities for development. - Technology aids in conducting systematic reviews efficiently, from formulating research questions to synthesizing and evaluating results. - Specialized software and databases streamline the review process, assisting researchers in data collection, selection, and analysis. 01:37:36 *💻 Using Technology in Research* - Technology serves as a tool to support research but manual work is essential. - Software tools complement the researcher's work but require manual analysis. - In Mexico, standardized instruments are less common in research, with emphasis on theory-driven creations. 01:40:22 *📚 Resources for Systematic Reviews* - Access to protocols for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. - Introduction to PRISMA protocol and its registration. - Utilizing databases like Trip Database for clinical trials and ongoing studies. 01:42:18 *🔄 Importance of Systematic Reviews in Research* - Systematic reviews are vital in shaping various types of research. - They provide essential background information, identify gaps, and ensure the relevance and quality of research. - Required not only for systematic reviews but also for thesis projects, articles, and making recommendations. 01:47:10 *🔍 Ensuring Data Quality in Research* - Ensuring transparency and rigor in reporting methods and instruments used. - Evaluating the appropriateness of statistical methods for the research objectives. - Addressing challenges in conducting meta-analyses, including limitations in available evidence for analysis. 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