Tesla's Battery Tech Explained: Part 1 - The Cell

[@ClockworksOfGL]

There’s a lot of misinformation about Tesla’s battery, but I can find almost nothing wrong in this video. You’ve done your homework. Thank you.

[@EVTechExplained]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@stevebakker6884]

Brilliant. Nothing else like this out there. Keep up the great work. If your other videos have not yet explained why the Model 3 seems to charge faster than the Model S, that would be a good topic.

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks. I'll definatly look into this further, but it may be a topic upon which we must hypothesise rather than present facts due to the limited data available.

[@Francisco-j1e]

This is the greatest video on the subject.

[@mckennab1957]

This is the most informative article I've seen on battery technology.would love to see an in depth one on 2170 chemistry and explanation of how increased levels of silicon are physically accommodated within the battery.

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks. I'll be sure to create a video on this in future. Check out my latest video at: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@hectorbenitez1051]

More battery chemistry videos please. Very educational. If you are able to cover every detail of the 21700 Tesla battery production and manufacturing I would be very happy, and I suppose other viewers as well. Thanks.

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks - Check out my new video on battery degradation - kzbin.info/www/bejne/jn3Rc5poaq-ifsk

[@BillyWu]

So insightful! Thank you EV-Tech Explained. I felt you Explained EV-Tech very well.

[@EVTechExplained]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@timcoleman8964]

Great presentation. Very good graphics. Looking forward to the next part. I'm interested in all battery chemistries and structural designs. Keep up with the supercapacitor field as well.

[@EVTechExplained]

+Tim Coleman Thanks!

[@RuiSilva-rw6vl]

And you put your sources in the description, good behaviour. Like.

[@EVTechExplained]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks. Check out my latest video at: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@TheWinstn60]

This is a brilliant series very very helpful thank you. I’d really love a detailed explanation of the BMS system used by Tesla or other manufacturers thanks again

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks for the suggestion - I may not get around to it soon as I'm super busy right now, but this would be a good reference: batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/how_to_monitor_a_battery

[@cartmanator1]

Great video! Couldn't give a better/deeper insight in 15 minutes about the battery cell technology!

[@francisgaliegue6645]

Very well documented and very explanative --> subscribed! Another video I'd love to see if you get the time is why Tesla chose to use AC induction motors for the Model S and X, but "reverted back" to permament magnet motors for the Model 3 and, it seems, its semi as well.

[@EVTechExplained]

+Francis Galiegue thanks, great idea! Will definitely consider this topic!

[@EVTechExplained]

Check out my latest video at: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@waynerussell6401]

Likely a very advanced, small, cheap, high efficiency reluctance motor using small Neo stator magnets. cleantechnica.com/2018/03/11/tesla-model-3-motor-in-depth/

[@webpkric]

More popular channels had fluff in their videos. This is what I was looking for. Thanks.

[@EVTechExplained]

Check out my new video on battery degradation - kzbin.info/www/bejne/jn3Rc5poaq-ifsk

[@paualmini]

thanks for the series, very informative, great videos. one little detail, at 14:33, i believe the picture of NCA was meant to be there, but a picture of NMC was on that slide instead. thanks.

[@vishaldama9771]

Can i get a similar kind of explanation on how to choose a prismatic cell for a particular chemistry which can give me a high range for the LCV (Light Commercial Vehicle ) range with high specific energy and high safety .

[@patriciotorre459]

Awesome video. Is there any way I could get my hands on one of the tesla cells you used in the demonstration?

[@edusson]

Thanks a lot for the very informative video but I missed what part of all this is Tesla's, i.e., where is their edge that others can't access. For instance, is the NCA chemistry Tesla's or Panasonic's? How about Si addition to the anode? What is really manufactured in a Tesla Gigafactory? They just put Panasonic's batteries in modules??

[@EVTechExplained]

Others can access the same cells. Tesla's advantage is in pack design and system control

[@imajeyelectrical581]

how does the safety vent work in Tesla cylindrical cell?

[@Aumtechinnovation]

What is the base copper foil thickness and characteristics, are only ED copper foils used, can RA copper foils be also used, just curious whether RA copper foils are also used in making the anode current collectors : Thanks in advance

[@anilcs01]

Great info. Could you please post or point to a detailed manufacturing process of 18650 lithium cells?

[@eyeopeningtruth7518]

Can we use insulation on outside covering of battery pack to protect it from extreme hot or cold weather conditions?

[@EVTechExplained]

Yes

[@jsmay311]

Great video!I'm particularly interested in the differences between NCA and NMC when it comes to how they're affected by different temperatures. I've observed that Teslas reduce their maximum regenerative braking much more at low temps than EVs with NMC cells, and Teslas also appear to allow their packs to get much warmer before activating pack cooling than other automakers. Is this due to inherent differences in the optimal temperature ranges between these 2 chemistries? And do NCA cells suffer greater capacity reduction when cold than NMC?Thanks!

[@EVTechExplained]

These differences which you observe are likely down to other factors. For instance, maximum regeneration at low temperature will be more about the ability of lithium to intercalate (enter into) the graphite anode, so will be primarily affected by the anode and electrolyte rather than being dictated by the cathode. Also, when it comes to pack temperature prior to cooling, this will likely be a decision made upon levels of anticipated capacity loss and resistance rise. You'd like to spend as little energy as possible cooling, but keep the cells cool enough that they don't degrade too quickly.

[@SyNguyen-us1xt]

Are you know the manufacturer make lithium-ion cell? I want contact them to built factory battery

[@ek9772]

Beautiful job. I have been trying to get to know better the amount of stuff inside these cells in relation to the container. Your video provided the first physical measurement clue: 60mm vs 65mm. Would you have similar information regarding the 21700? In other words, what is the weight of each of the strips, and what are their dimensions? Moreover, what is the internal volume of the container and its weight? You wrote that the cell volume for the 18650 was 0.0165 L. How can I calculate this number? For instance, ((π)((18/2)^2)(65) / 1,000); however, adjusting for cell walls and air gaps ((π)((16/2)^2)(60) / 1,000) this provides a new cell volume. You wrote that the gravimetric energy density is 254 Wh / kg. How can I calculate this number? For instance, (12.44) / 0.049 kg; however, this includes the container with the chemicals. (2πrh)(2.72) + (2)(πr2)(2.72) where r & h are adjusted for walls and air gaps and 2.72 is the density for aluminum (I assume the container is made of aluminum), and I obtain a container weight of 11.4 grams. Should I subtract the mass of the container from the battery cell’s mass (49 - 11.4) to obtain the energy density? (330.8 Wh / kg)

[@davegeorge7094]

Good narration man!

[@EVTechExplained]

+Dave George Thanks, hope you found it useful

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks. Check out my latest video at: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@tapaskoner90]

Please elaborate the phenomenon of Energy Density in EV point of view.

[@videopipeline6419]

Cylindrical cells are not more difficult to cool than the other types. But it is more difficult to control internal cell temps in larger cells. That is one of the reasons why AC Propulsion (and later, Tesla) originally used so many small 18650 cells (the other being standardization) to build large battery packs, and why they more recently came up with an all-new slightly larger size (21700) instead of using the next larger industry-standard size (26650). Prismatic cells are *not* easier to cool, expecially not considering that prismatic cells are available in larger sizes, making them simpler to use for large packs, and especially suitable if high amp loads are not required .

[@hangidukdd]

Great and informative video. It is really helpful for me to learn about battery.

[@VijayKumar-st4kb]

Can you explain ambient temperature effect on battery capacity and performance of cell?

[@EVTechExplained]

As battery temperature drops below 20 deg C, the extractable capacity drops. Above 20 deg C, the extractable capacity increases, however the extractable capacity may be limited by battery thermal limits. Check out my new video on battery degradation - kzbin.info/www/bejne/jn3Rc5poaq-ifsk

[@simon-pierrelussier2775]

I'd definitely like to know what is the effect of cold on those EV batteries (and I'm sure others would like to know in better details why cooling is important). I know the max charge/discharge rate is reduced in cold temperature, but there has to be something in the chemistry going on that reduces the total electron capacity as well, based on my own Canadian experience of nearly 4 years, and I haven't found solid info on this.

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks for the suggestion. I'll be sure to create a video on this topic in future.

[@sonjaglasklar7624]

Hi EV-Tech Explained! Is the weight of one cell really 49.0g? Do you have the different weights for 18650 1st and 2nd generation and for the 21700 cells (with sources please)? I am doing a life cycle analysis of battery EVs vs. Fuel Cell EVs in my research intership as part of my master program - I'd really appreciate your data! Thanks in advance, Sonja.

[@EVTechExplained]

The best thing to do is to search for datasheets for particular cells. Almost all 18650 cells are between 45 and 50g - as Tesla have more active material in their cells with the removal of the PTC, they are on the higher end of this mass scale. Similarly, searching for datasheets for 21700 cells will show you that all cells are between 66-72g.

[@EVTechExplained]

Part 3 is now available: kzbin.info/www/bejne/n6u4nWVujtmEmKc

[@sonjaglasklar7624]

Hi! I have made an excel file gathering a lot of information from EPA (certification reports), INL (advanced vehicle testing activity), AVL etc for about 20 different EVs. Now I am looking for the datasheets of the corresponding battery cells. Do you have any suggestion? Somebody you know about already gathered that information? Or should I rather go model by model and search for the manufacturer and then search for the possible cells and their datasheets? If you are interested I could send you my file, too.

[@Ridhanshvlogs]

@@sonjaglasklar7624 Hello, could you please share the information you have collected. It will help me to design a high voltage battery pack. Thanks in advance.

[@sonjaglasklar7624]

@@Ridhanshvlogs i come back to you. I have to check for my Excel files

[@lirh6697]

Thank you for the analysis. In the video you state that "the addition of silicon to the anode generally reduces the fast charge capability of cell" - can you please explain why that is the case? Much appreciated

[@EVTechExplained]

Typically the silicon needs to be protected against inducement of excess mechanical stress, which would cause fracture, to prevent excessive degradation. Check out my new video on battery degradation - kzbin.info/www/bejne/jn3Rc5poaq-ifsk

[@AlanGuo]

can you please provide the source where they plan to make 35-70% si anodes?

[@bvishal2kn]

Awesome video, waiting for your next upload!

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks. Check out my latest video at: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@tarassu]

Can you explain what is NOMINAL voltage?

[@EVTechExplained]

It is the average voltage over the entire discharge curve, between the specified voltage limits.

[@tarassu]

Who sets voltage limits? Manufacturer of cell or manufacturer of battery?

[@EVTechExplained]

To some extent, both. The manufacturer sets a safe voltage which enables acquisition of the advertised capacity and lifetime. A battery manufacturer may wish to limit capacity to prolong lifetime.

[@waynerussell6401]

Not to be confused with the use by Space-X where it means phenominal: as in boy-oh-boy everything is going incredibly well, I would jump up and down if I wasn't on the telly. I wonder what my bonus will be...

[@funkybob7772]

Are there 21700 Teslas I can use for my vape mod, if so, how much more effecient are they?

[@asliaka4493]

Hi, thanks for a great video. Do you have a date in mind for the in depth comparison of 18650 vs 21700 you mentioned at the end of your video? Thanks again!

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks! For the 18650 vs 21700 video, I'm waiting on more facts to be available. I may purchase and disassemble some cells soon for some more information. Hopefully you'll see a video within 2 months.

[@asliaka4493]

That would be great! Looking forward to it! Also, do you know if there is any chemistry change when they went from 18650 to 21700?

[@mrpangy4174]

We often hear of next gen batteries. But what are they and which one seems to be closer to market?

[@EVTechExplained]

I'll be sure to create a video on this in future. Check out my latest video at: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@djodjo12]

18650 cells have a electrode length of 24-26", right?

[@naynaywipe2278]

FIrstly, i like to say thank you for the very informational video but id like to ask why the tesla cells aren't insulated in the battery modules as its common practice when making diy battery packs.

[@w0ttheh3ll]

All the cylindrical cells I've ever seen have a steel can, yet I keep hearing about it being "typically aluminium" in videos like this. is there any quoteable source on this?

[@EVTechExplained]

The can is made from steel. Please let me know of the time stamp of I've stated something different in the video

[@w0ttheh3ll]

@@EVTechExplained 1:11

[@EVTechExplained]

My mistake, will add a correction. Thanks!

[@w0ttheh3ll]

@@EVTechExplained you're welcome

[@wpelfeta]

Why does battery capacity decrease over time?

[@EVTechExplained]

+Berrymouse It can be for many reasons, though these fall into three primary categories; loss of lithium from the electrolyte, loss of storage from the anode or loss of storage from the cathode. Generally, in one way or another, this is due to undesired chemical reactions taking place. This will be a topic for a future video for sure.

[@TrailTribune]

Berrymouse Parasitic reactions

[@jacquelineaustin598]

Great video! Thank you for the help!

[@garystinten9339]

So wouldn't using less silicone solve this issue?

[@EVTechExplained]

It would but also provide less energy capacity

[@solarstacks]

The 18650 was determined by ACPropulsion to be the lowest cost per kWh. Their T-Zero is what Tesla licensed and made the Roadster design on. They use their AC motor, controller and battery design. Then Tesla re-engineered the AC motor and controller and stopped paying the license fee to ACP after 6 months. Rather than sue ACP let it go so both would not fail. ACP also made the MINI-E , the XBox and other EVs.

[@kkagankeskin]

amazing video man. Thanks a lot

[@papperme]

Thanks for amazing insight information. Thumb up

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks. Check out my latest video at: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@raosahebjadhav2749]

I want know science of battery pls tell me how I can do that

[@EVTechExplained]

+RAOSAHEB JADHAV batteryuniversity.Com is a good start

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks. Check out my latest video at: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@erikbloudek8183]

Looking forward to release of the next video

[@EVTechExplained]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@EVTechExplained]

Part 3 is now available: kzbin.info/www/bejne/n6u4nWVujtmEmKc

[@palusisko]

VW can have both Prismatic or Pouch, that is correct anwer

[@Stubrok]

Great vid, subbed

[@EVTechExplained]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@jonathanwiers7194]

Thanks for the video!

[@marioarvola]

Higher density cells are seemingly more preferred by the customer because on the paper propositions look more advantageous.

[@marioarvola]

Plus the cost of production to a ratio of power is cheaper.

[@EVTechExplained]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@johnteran8889]

50x3x21mm about 3meters?

[@EVTechExplained]

It is actually around 5 meters long!

[@johnteran8889]

Wow, I thought I was overestimating! Great video, keep up the good work.

[@etbadaboum]

Fantastic video! Thanks a lot.

[@haveanicetime]

Vielen Dank !

[@EVTechExplained]

Check out my new video on battery degradation - kzbin.info/www/bejne/jn3Rc5poaq-ifsk

[@scottfranco1962]

Awesome, thanks.

[@indrajeet100383]

Great Video !!

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks. Check out my latest video at: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@Stubrok]

Where’s part 2 & 3?

[@EVTechExplained]

+Stubrok still in the works. A crazy busy time at work has prevented me getting these additional videos out as soon as I'd hoped but stay tuned!

[@bmx4637]

yea 4 months later, i hope you can get the time to put the other parts together! thanks!

[@EVTechExplained]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@EVTechExplained]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@EVTechExplained]

Part 3 is now available: kzbin.info/www/bejne/n6u4nWVujtmEmKc

[@glenngoodale1709]

thanks for sharing! keep up the hard work ...... joined

[@EVTechExplained]

Thanks!

[@PaeBabbling]

OMG Great VID..!

[@voltaelectrichelicopter9333]

Excellent video but Tesla cannot ignore the new chemistries tied to solid electrolyte, including lithium metal anode. This major step is is announced by Toyota, Dyson, Volkswagen (amongst others) in 2020 with huge competitive advantages in terms of safety and energy & power densities compared to NCA, NCM, LiS....

[@EVTechExplained]

+VOLTA electric helicopter realistically those technologies are likely further away than 2020, and I'm sure Tesla will be looking at these technologies too.

[@ClockworksOfGL]

Tesla keeps a close eye on battery developments. Right now, there’s no production battery that beats their NCA in terms of capability and - MOST importantly - cost per kWh. If and when that changes, Tesla will be all over it. In the meantime, everything else is just lab experiments.

[@EVTechExplained]

Check out my latest video at: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@enyumaenyuma7269]

Of course I think what Tesla has is good enough for even the future. If you 75miles in just 5minutes of charge as they promised in the V3 then I don’t think there is need for more improvement interns of battery technology on the interim.

[@807800]

nice video!. next....

[@EVTechExplained]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@807800]

EV-Tech Explained nice..

[@Th3mast3r69]

CANT HEAR YOU

[@pappapappi9177]

..Just a higher volume would make listening to the video more comfortable.. 😉☺

[@CorwynGC]

The Model 3 uses a cell called a 2170, not 21700. The last '0' symbolizing 'cylindrical', was dropped.

[@avocado9763]

Lets get to the nitty gritty. I don't understand the advantage for Tesla as there seems to be barriers to charging and storage.

[@chrisholloway2853]

1.6 meters when unwrapped would be my guess.

[@zahidlatif874]

Thumbs up

[@peterd8525]

Awesome - takes a Brit.

[@antonzaytsev445]

Some funny slides from VW on why they "chose" cylindrical cells: www.thetruthaboutcars.com/2010/08/vws-martin-eberhard-promises-500-mile-range-evs-by-2020/

[@EVTechExplained]

Cost is always a huge factor

[@EVTechExplained]

Check out my latest video at: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0

[@triggsonelectronics1249]

60 metersish

[@reedy93]

Good info but Poor sound quality and low level

[@EVTechExplained]

Hopefully the sound is improved in my new video. Check out my latest video at: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mH_HXqyAqbeDns0