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After the Civil War, many Black Southerners sought opportunities out West to places like Nicodemus, Kansas. Black cowboys found a living on the Texas cattle drives and others enlisted in military service as "Buffalo Soldiers" during the "Indian Wars."
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SOURCES
Schubert, Frank N. (1997). Black Valor: Buffalo Soldiers and the Medal of Honor, 1870-1898. Scholarly Resources Inc. pp. 4-5. ISBN 978-0-8420-2586-7.
Taylor, Quintard. From Timbuktu to Katrina: Readings in African-American History. Boston, Mass: Thomson Wadsworth, 2008. Print.
Taylor, Quintard. In Search of the Racial Frontier: African Americans in the American West, 1528-1990 (New York: W.W. Norton, 1998)
Weekly, Harpers, et al. “The African-American Mosaic Western Migration.” Library of Congress, 23 July 2010, www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/afam009.html.