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An extraembryonic membrane is one of the membranes which assist in the development of the embryo. Such membranes occur in a range of animals from humans to insects. They originate from the embryo, but are not considered part of it. They typically perform roles in nutrition, gas exchange, and waste removal
1-Chorion-
The chorion is one of the embryonic membranous structures that enclose both the fetus as well as the amnion. The chorion begins to form chorionic villi towards its outer surface, which initially serves to provide nutrition to the developing embryo.
2.Amnion-
The amnion is the innermost membrane of the embryo. It surrounds the embryo, creating a fluid-filled cavity. The amniotic fluid inside protects the embryo from mechanical stress and impact.
Think of the amnion as the packing material inside a package. If you were to ship a fancy wine glass to your friend, the bubble wrap would prevent it from slamming around and breaking. The amnion has the same function, and as the embryo grows, the amnion grows with it. This enlarges the amniotic cavity, allowing for growth and movement of the fetus later in pregnancy.
3. Allentois-
Allantois, an extra-embryonic membrane of reptiles, birds, and mammals arising as a pouch, or sac, from the hindgut. In reptiles and birds it expands greatly between two other membranes, the amnion and chorion, to serve as a temporary respiratory organ while its cavity stores fetal excretions.
4. Umbilical vesicle( Yolk sac)-
: the yolk sac of a mammalian embryo usually having the form of a fluid-filled pouch, corresponding to the yolk sac of an oviparous vertebrate, and having a transitory connection with the digestive tract by way of the omphalomesenteric duct.