Garibaldi: Expedition of the Thousand | Unifying Italy | Extra History | Part 5

[@extrahistory]

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[@danielsantiagourtado3430]

Been waiting For this all week! You're the Best 😊😊😊😊😊

[@TrafficSkater]

I’ll be waitin for more.

[@also_arles]

Your patrons never make a bad choice!

[@Jaime.Lannister]

Philippines history is actually quite interesting... you're missing out

[@russellcavender352]

What about a Sidney Reilly spy story!!

[@joshuaescopete]

For anyone wondering what the terms Garibaldi and Lincoln couldn’t agree on were: Garibaldi wanted the US government to pronounce that the aim of the Civil War was to abolish slavery, and he wanted to be named commander-in-chief of all union forces. Lincoln wasn’t ready to make such a bold statement so early into the conflict and the President wasn’t going to relinquish control of the entire Union army. Garibaldi did applaud Lincoln in 1863 when he made the Emancipation Proclamation and when the 13th amendment passed in congress, extinguishing slavery.

[@likeafox-q4g]

Yeah, giving the entire army to a foreigner, even if they're well intentioned, would be a bit much

[@jonahfalcon1970]

@@likeafox-q4g Really? Ever heard of Lafayette?

[@kingace6186]

Lincoln was a passionate abolitionist that had to temper his policies in order to save the Union from a treasonous South.

[@r9g411]

@@jonahfalcon1970haha good point

[@kingace6186]

@@jonahfalcon1970 Doesn't count. Lafayette and the French were an ally. It's similar to how General Ike became Supreme Allied Commander of Europe. But Italy was not even a belligerent in the American Civil War

[@johanroyce6324]

You should mention how Garibaldi allowed San Marino to remain independent because they gave him refuge

[@imabitmid]

same, i felt disappointed that he didn't include that

[@InfoRome]

I don't know if it's true or just a legend

[@ducksongfans]

​@@InfoRomeof course it's true

[@lucky_lynx7867]

“Their throwing rocks! They’re almost out of ammunition!!!” That line got me laughing

[@anonimo2932]

One note about the dictactorship of Garibaldi: Dictator was a antient roman institution in case of emergency, so the title wasn't seen as bad because it's like a people dictatorship and not a monarchy. He also decide to become a Dictator after the fail roman republic adventure he had got. Also about Lincon: Garibaldi wanted only one thing: that Lincon declare this war against slavery, at that time Lincon said no.

[@brainflash1]

Actually Garibaldi also wanted to be Commander in Chief, and Lincoln was willing to agree to that term. But Lincoln made the offer in 1861 and he didn't sign the Emancipation Proclimation until the January 1st, 1863.

[@kaltaron1284]

What's even more crazy is that each and every of the around 87 dictators (except Julius Caesar of course) actually gave up the emergency powers once the crisis was resolved.

[@Valery0p5]

He did send someone to do the nasty dictatorial cleanings, mia cara El Presidente... Does Bronte's massacre say anything to you?

[@kingace6186]

Nope. Garibaldi wanted two things. He wanted to be Commander in Chief of the Union, too. Talk about insanity. As for the first thing, President Lincoln couldn't stop neither slavery nor secession without saving the Union, first. (Mind you, the Union's border states were still slave states.)

[@DieNibelungenliad]

I disagree. The dictator back then was the same as today: an executive with absolute power.

[@bthsr7113]

"inspired the creation of the Red Cross and the Geneva Conventions" Yeah, I'm going to need an episode on this. Like, it really sounds as if it's a major gap in common historical knowledge.

[@starsixseven9259]

That's because it's a lie. There are plenty of other flashpoints that are more influential to both the Red Cross (US: Civil War; Europe: Crimean War) and the Geneva Conventions (WW1).

[@Tulkash01]

Fun fact 01: when Garibaldi visited London he was immensely popular. So much in fact that queen Victoria recorded the fact with irritation in her diary, wondering why the British people were head over heels for a socialist revolutionary and adventurer like Garibaldi…😂

[@MarkPag]

Because: He Is Sooo Hoooot! 😂

[@filologic066]

​@@MarkPag so hot that after he left the London people started to sell his bath water

[@FatmanRB]

And we named a biscuit after him

[@filologic066]

@@FatmanRB didn't know that, cool

[@lucaballarati9694]

@@FatmanRB wait seriously?

[@Tulkash01]

Fun fact 3: during the Franco Prussian war Garibaldi elected to fight for France despite France having fought against him in 1848. He did so because at the time France was a republic while Prussia was a monarchy. When the Prussian army overwhelmed the French the only French troops troops who managed to capture a Prussian standard were under the command of Garibaldi. When the Prussian left having dictated their terms Garibaldi was elected in the French parliament. He didn’t last long and went back to Italy. The French political class didn’t like him very much. Edit: corrections

[@mr.archivity]

Initially he fought from Prussia side against Napoleon III. Once France became a republic again he went to help them. Guess the word “republic” was too sweet for him. After the war he got a seat in the parliament, when he tried to speak to request the cession of Nice to Italy again they didn’t give him the chance. He left in a rage.

[@thatoneduck3875]

1848*

[@Tulkash01]

@@thatoneduck3875 yep, misclicked, ty

[@abcdef27669]

That "ability" of Garibaldi surviving from gunshots was probably real: Remember that he used a Gaucho-style poncho, which is thicker than a regular shirt, and a regular gun at the time wasn't that powerful in comparison with what we have today, at least from a greater distance. There is a similar story about Manuel Luis Osório, a general from the Imperial Army of Brazil who fought during the Ragamuffin War and the War of Triple Alliance, saying that he always shaked his poncho after a battle, removing bullets from it.

[@damirk3]

Tbh I would rather be shot by modern bullet then by minie ball bullet ammo they used in garibaldi time

[@gasterg.continent3118]

​@@damirk3 no you do not, like not at all. Look up a BMG

[@qdaniele97]

​@@gasterg.continent3118I don't know of any standard issue rifles that uses BMG

[@qdaniele97]

They were using Clint Eastwood "armoured poncho" 😁

[@natheriver8910]

Very interesting

[@comettamer]

Funnily enough, despite Garibaldi not taking Abraham Lincoln up on his offer of a command in the Union Army, his name did still appear among their ranks. Specifically, as the name of a brigade of soldiers which was comprised primarily of men who'd fought with Garibaldi in the Italian wars of Unification.

[@Tulkash01]

Fun fact 2: Garibaldi (and general Medici with him) would be the only Italian commander to win battles during the third Italian war of independence. The regular army endured 2 devastating defeats instead and any territorial gains were only accomplished due to Germany defeating Austria (and Germany being allied with the Kingdom of Italy).

[@svantesandblom8447]

The Italian performance in war seems to have been consistent from 1850 -1950

[@craigkdillon]

We NEED an HBO mini-series on Garibaldi. Like a Greek God, he was gifted, great, and flawed.

[@Tulkash01]

7:29 this is in fact incorrect. Cavour really feared Garibaldi would declare a republic in the south and the troops he sent were ready to fight him. Garibaldi really did surprise many people when he handed over power. Also, for the brief period he was dictator in Naples he actually proved quite competent in terms of public service and absolutely not interested in money grabbing (which was quite the novelty in a place notorious for the corruption of its rulers).

[@LorenzoDeNato]

Well, his leadership could be debatable but yeah, he Indeed forgot to assing himself a salary lol

[@gaetanomignano7368]

Rulers so corrupted that they left the national bank untouched when they left…

[@lucaballarati9694]

Given how low the bar was, even baseline common sense paired with actually trying to do good would have been a miracle by comparison.

[@SLDFMechWarrior]

Imagine if Garibaldi died back in Brazil Italy might not have united until later or not even fully unified. Be interesting to see a world where Italy still carved up.

[@hagnat]

kind of ironic that Garibaldi fought to split Brazil, only to fight to unify Italy

[@riograndedosulball248]

He almost died in Uruguay, he was captured by the Argentinians and tortured hard at one point

[@Herobrineminecraft-return]

I think italy would still have united later under a Confederation cus in the Past italy was United Culturaly but divided politicaly, but thanks to savoy with the help of freemasons nowadays its United Politicaly but divided Culturaly , thats what happends when you force different people under a unitary state that they dont want to be part in lol

[@zenzozenzo]

The main actor in Italy unification were the presence of the Pope, Piedmont as the rising star in international relationships, Austria (that got the north-east up to Milano after Napoleon) and France. Cavour (prime minister of Piedmont) was the great mind behind this whole story.

[@davidjennings2179]

Fun fact - Garibaldi was so popular with the British, they named a biscuit after him (high praise for anyone who knows British culture).

[@adrianopandolfo]

My ancestor, Domenico Cariolato, was a part of this expedition. History's fucking awesome.

[@andrewchapman2039]

Been really looking forward to this series, the formation of Italy has been a proper blind spot for me. Shoutout to the writers for squeezing in the odd bit of legendary flair throughout to build up Garibaldi to stand alongisde more known heroic figures for those (like me) who hadn't heard of him before now.

[@tylerboyce4081]

Wait, Garibaldi was offered an officer's commission in the American Civil War?!? OMG, now THAT is an intriguing What If...? alternate history: the Union Army with highly skilled Alpine skirmishers!

[@kaltaron1284]

Not sure how many of them would have followed him to America though. Certainly not all but probable a couple thousands?

[@samueleandriolo4517]

He refused because he wouldn't have gotten full command and because, by that time, ending slavery wasn't a war objective yet

[@Mrnevertalks]

A small battalion of Garibaldi's soldiers did fight in the union army in the in the 39th NY Volunteer Infantry, named the Garibaldi Guard. A few of his men defected to the confederacy, but overall most of them fought for the North.

[@kingace6186]

Yeah he was but apparently it wasn't enough because he asked Lincoln to be Commander in Chief...

[@blede8649]

This offer was in 1861, and he wanted command of the entire Union army. At that time the Army of the Potomac was already gigantic, and Garibaldi was the exact opposite of McClellan (who dithered and always kept unnecessarily large portions of his force in reserve). Garibaldi's "attack attack attack" attitude would have likely resulted in him throwing everything at Lee (sort of like what Grant did at the end) and that might have been enough to end the war then and there.

[@silentbyte196]

Such a legendary figure. Garibaldi's life is awe-inspiring!

[@diogomiceli1280]

When you ended with "This was Garibaldi", it gave me the goosebumps! Bravo! Bravissimo! Btw, I currently live in Piemonte (Piedmont for you English-speakers) and it is funny to see how this region became just a mere shadow of its former self. It is still rich, very rich, undeniably. But seen the former underdog of Northern Italy (Veneto, where I used to live and where my son was born) overcoming economically and socially the piemontese really makes me wonder. Something really weird happens here in Piemonte.

[@Kaiyanwang82]

Good job being fair and avoiding demonizations but also rhetoric. I wish you spent 30 seconds more on the fact that his "retirement" in Caprera was kind of a Piedmontese-pushed exile.

[@Notbakedbread]

Babe, wake up, Extra History just dropped another banger

[@yiffytimes]

This series about Garibaldi has been excellent

[@LexiLunarpaw]

Great show as usual! Can't wait for the next Series!!

[@pericoparakeet6104]

I wonder if you will ever do a Pancho Villa series

[@bjarkiengelsson]

Oh hell yeah

[@JOGA_Wills]

Oooo good idea

[@bottasheimfe5750]

I hope they do. the Mexican Revolution is one of the most insane stories I've ever heard. it sounds like some kind of Drama half the time. Its a damn shame it's not more widely known outside Mexico.

[@faxe1978]

God wills it.

[@NavavonHeimstii]

Heck yes

[@drawingmoo4109]

Thank you so much for this series! First time actually watching one as it has come out. Lots of insight into the unification of Italy. Now I understand the equal-parts-pride-and-resentment for the "Wedding Cake" Monument in Rome, erected to commemorate a STUNNING 10 YEARS of Italian unification.

[@mrduckman8381]

My God... MAKE A MOVIE ABOUT THIS MAN!

[@blede8649]

Not strictly about Garibaldi (he never actually appears), but if you're interested I highly suggest the "Risorgimento trilogy": The Conspirators, In the Name of the Pope-King, In the Name of the Sovereign People. That's the order in which they came out, Conspirators, Sovereign People and then Pope-King is the chronological order. They all deal with the Risorgimento, set in Rome. They're my favourite on the subject.

[@Guiscardo777]

@@blede8649 bs... he's right. Garibaldi should deserve a movie, like braveheart and more.

[@NoName-hg6cc]

​@@Guiscardo777 I think there are some in Italy...

[@cleeiii357]

There are probably several movies about him already in Italy though.

[@mrduckman8381]

@@cleeiii357 it's not enough. There are not enough people in this world which doesn't know about him

[@funakfunak2740]

Good to see that the time-honored roman tradition of just conjuring up armies out of nowhere was still alive and kicking.

[@jonathanrich9281]

Oh man, imagine if Garibaldi had come over to fight for the Union in the Civil War. He’d have been a commander on three continents.

[@NolanDraconis]

Sometimes I do wish that the patrons voted for more episodes of some series. Or that the option was at least offered

[@RaffaellaOrsi]

I'm in middle school (and Italian) so this helps, thanks!

[@time_warriors]

This was a captivating video! The storytelling about Garibaldi was really well done, and the blend of visuals and animation was excellent. The Expedition of the Thousand to Sicily has always amazed me, and this video truly captured the excitement of that era. I found the contradiction between Garibaldi's ideals and him being forced to cooperate with landowners particularly interesting. Thanks to Extra History for this informative and entertaining video! 👍

[@gyukgaming6037]

fantastic story telling your story telling is always filled with emotional touch

[@CliffCardi]

8:26 those terms: 1.) Garibaldi wanted Lincoln to make the Civil War about slavery, not just “Preserving the Union” 2.) Garibaldi wanted to hold Supreme command over the entire US Army

[@HamzaPKR]

Dude was a living legend

[@danielsantiagourtado3430]

MUCH thanks For this Guys! The animation and narration are second to none🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉

[@snufkingstan]

MAN i wish i could sub to your guys' patreon! you're doing such important and interesting work and i wish i could support you in so many ways! thank you all for everything that you do!

[@musiclover01ization]

This was a great series. I really enjoyed learning about Garibaldi.

[@samdumaquis2033]

What a man

[@motivationaiz]

This has been such a great series 😎👍

[@brunodellasala832]

Nice video as always! I just want to point out though that the Second War of Independence went a bit differently. The Plombières Agreement formalized an alliance between Piedmont and France in which, in case of Austrian aggression, France would have defended Piedmont and granted it Lombardy and Veneto IN EXCHANGE of Nice and Savoy. Piedmont would have have become the Kingdom of High Italy and a federation would have been created with Central Italy, the Pope, and the South, with the Pope as the honorary leader. However, since France withdrew from the war without giving Veneto to Piedmont, Piedmont was not obliged to cede territories to France. However, revolutions broke out in Central Italy demanding the annexation to Piedmont. At this point, Piedmont brokered a new deal with France, in which it ceded Savoy and Nice, in exchange for the permission to annex what was supposed to become the Kingdom of Central Italy. Then, you claim Veneto and Rome were taken with "diplomacy", but this is wrong. Italy allied with Prussia against Austria in 1866, a war Prussia won for Italy essentially and Veneto was given to Italy (not directly because Austria refused to cede territory to Italy after winning most battles). Garibaldi was actually the most successful general in this war and famously said "Obbedisco!" (I obey) when the Italian government stopped him from marching on Trento because a deal had been reached. For Rome, Italy had to wait for France to be too busy losing against Prussia in 1870 to win a symbolic battle against the Pope and seize the city.

[@tulliusexmisc2191]

Cutting a deal where Prussia fights Austria and you get Venice sounds like diplomacy to me.

[@brunodellasala832]

@@tulliusexmisc2191 well, Italy fought as well (and got humiliated in a few battles). It wasn't just diplomacy.

[@thepolishdestroyeroprpioru9164]

This is the birthday gift i waited for, hell yeah

[@TheOhioNews]

Excellent series ❤❤❤ I knew very little about this man, and I'm glad you brought this to us 😊

[@dyingearth]

American Civil War is considered a sideshow by European compared to this war.

[@NoName-hg6cc]

But for Americans every battle they were in was important, the rest footnote 😂

[@LordPidgeon]

Well it make sense. The US became the leading nation of the west only after the two World Wars. Back then European nations were the major powers.

[@baileyroddog]

I know when a week goes by when I see that a new video is released. 🙏

[@HA1LILPALAZZO]

and no mention of the biscuits named after Garibaldi lol

[@andromeda331]

Wow, what an incredible man!

[@matanbaranes3088]

Man I want Garibaldi's plot armor.

[@qdaniele97]

He secretly used the poncho body-armor from A Fistful Of Dollars

[@nicolopanti1169]

Thanks for making this series and good luck on your other projects.

[@danielsantiagourtado3430]

EH IS AMAZING! THANKS FOR THIS GUYS❤❤❤❤❤

[@jorgehaswag7294]

This was such a great series, to more great ones in The future!

[@NickSchroeder-o3t]

Thank you guys so much! You guys are amazing!!!!

[@franciscogomez5106]

Garibaldi 🇮🇹 💪❤🕊.

[@giacomohermesferraro6673]

Austria! Our hunters will find you in the Alps!

[@TFrog1324]

A thousand men in red being guided by a seemingly magical leader? Sounds like the thousand sons to me

[@modestacattaruzza7400]

The name of these men was : I mille da quarto.

[@TFrog1324]

@@modestacattaruzza7400 ok?

[@FakeBlocks]

Please do the Greek war of Independence against the Ottoman Empire. I've been asking for this since the first episodes of sengoku Jidai!

[@MalikF15]

This series has been a delight i really wish we had an amazing tv mini series on Garabaldi. Also, he turned down the union posting over terms like abolishing slavery and being made commander of the entire union army.

[@username65585]

To balance it out, you should cover the Cristero War or the War in the Vendée.

[@drewlytle2281]

I want a what if movie of Garibaldi accepting Lincoln's request and joining the American Civil War.

[@sisi4508]

It would be over in 1862

[@legacyvaultchannel]

The funniest history channel I know!

[@brokenbridge6316]

I really enjoyed this series. These video's have been great.

[@Ryu_D]

Thank you for the video.

[@aick]

Enjoyed this whole garibaldi series, thank you! You do wonderful work.

[@OrdonWolf]

I have a signed photograph of Garibaldi. The man really did use his celebrity status to his advantage, I can really see such pictures commonly changing hands amongst people almost like collectable foodballer stickers.

[@thoughtprism2963]

He fought in like 6 wars over the course of his life, that's wild.

[@ewok40k]

year X of pleading for episodes on Pilsudski and revival of Poland after partitions!

[@jjwashington8597]

Can’t wait for the next series!!

[@hestiathena4917]

Sounds like the next topic's going to be a wild ride!

[@danielsantiagourtado3430]

Been waiting For this since this series began! Worth it! Hearth please ❤❤❤❤❤

[@officialxverzusz]

_"They are throwing rocks now."_ goes way too fucking hard

[@justinelighthouse6047]

that's the wolverine 0:32

[@coreymajtyka460]

Great series, really looking forward to what you have planned next.

[@EclipseStar-q5e]

I am back to salute our red shirts

[@robertjarman3703]

Napoleon III: I have a cunning plan, Otto!

[@riccardostefanovitiello2525]

Now im protesting for the missed fight Lee vs Garibaldi. I hope the author can do a spinoff just to see it

[@orangesplatproductions]

Please more series like this

[@nicolopanti1169]

Great work as always.

[@aangomesbranco]

Fun Fact: Garibaldi is still very much despised by southern italians because of the cost to them during the unification - the garibaldi army r*ped and murdered countless of people and left the regions in such disarray (and with power vacuums) that led to the creation of the mafia. The four fathers of the fatherland also stole the treasure from the Kingdom of Two Sicilies to create the northern industry which caused the economic imbalance of today between the north and the south. Yes, he was a man that fought for great ideals but he also ruined a lot of lifes and whole regions. (I am aware of the corruption that existed - but at what cost for the people should that be fought?)

[@intergalactic92]

I’ve heard that Cavour and Victor Emmanuel didn’t really want to unify with the south because they saw it as backwards (due to it being more rural) and thought that it would drag the whole country down….. but they weren’t going to say no when Garibaldi handed it over to them.

[@maucuce]

Here in Sicily Garibaldi is sometime seen as conqueren and not a liberator for permitting the rich and powerful to keep the power and become more rich, starting the foundation for the mob

[@sisi4508]

Then you remember that it wasn't his choice but the one of the king (and Cavour) and the mob already existed and were the royals

[@NoName-hg6cc]

There in your little circle maybe. I talked to Sicilians who think differently

[@Herobrineminecraft-return]

True

[@intergalactic92]

Considering that what Sicily really wanted was independence (and for Naples to stop referring to themselves as a second Sicily) I can’t imagine they were too happy to have their oppressor traded in for another one. But equally they hated Naples so much there must have been some catharsis in seeing them brought down.

[@NoName-hg6cc]

@@intergalactic92 Italy was not an oppressor

[@postapocalypticnewsradio]

PANR has tuned in.

[@alfrancisbuada2591]

You guys should do Andres Bonifacio Next!

[@binomartinez_456]

5:34 THERE THROWING ROCKS! 😂 *Laughing and Wheezing in the floor*

[@sarahwatts7152]

The trust in that cat is tremendous

[@mariocasali2817]

they couldn't agree on terms = Garibaldi was for freeing all the slaves and asked Lincoln to change his view if he wanted him to join, he refused...only later Lincoln went for complete freedom.

[@4362mont]

Thanks!

[@Oxtocoatl13]

I wish you'd mentioned Garibaldi's political career post-unification: he served in parliament, representing two different far left parties, and supported the First International and the Paris Commune (the latter only afterwards). He may have sacrificed republicanism on the altar of Italy, but he clearly tried to steer Italy from within into a left-leaning direction.

[@gabryfede2380]

Thank you for this series on Garibaldi, you perfectly depicted this great man who has been fundamental for my country. Unfortunately, today he isn't remembered as he should, it seems italians (the ones who give a little of importance to history) have resetted history just from 1920s, losing the unification sentiment and minimizing Garibaldi to a "robber of chiken" or a conqueror.

[@DoktarRaven]

The price of a unified Italia was expensive, and Garibaldi was the one willing to pay for it.

[@christianmonaco5075]

As a italian i realy appreciate

[@natheriver8910]

Very interesting

[@Morinoinja_]

This is perfect...

[@Pawnlake]

Nice video

[@xaviersaavedra7442]

8:21 damn that would have been kickass

[@Niska90]

Here in British Columbia, Canada we have a Mountain named after him, Mount Garibaldi!

[@jonahfalcon1970]

You should talk about how the Garibaldi statue in Washington Square Park in NYC was commissioned and built.

[@intergalactic92]

Important to note that Victor Emmanuel wasn’t an Absolute monarch, Piedmont had a constitution, and much of the power was in the hands of the prime minister Cavour. So when Garibaldi conquered Naples he wasn’t replacing one absolute monarch for another he was getting rid of the reactionary Ferdinand II in favour of a more progressive one.

[@rewingot97]

In the Franco Prussian war Garibaldi was the only french commander that managed to capture a Prussians banner

[@Frixworks]

A series I would be very interested in is the genesis of Canada as a national/cultural entity during the first world war. Or maybe the French colonisation of the New World with a focus on Québec.

[@also_arles]

Has this been the most exciting five-week period yet? Oh, absolutely! :)

[@godlaydying]

1:54 This is the plot of an 80s film about a loveably crap sports team and the coach who whips them into shape.

[@metarcee2483]

For anyone wondering, the battle that instigated the ceasefire is the Battle of Solferino.