The Science and Engineering of Sound

[@danishmateen7464]

Jhon Hess you are a natural teacher. Your presentation is amazing.

[@MirrooCamilo]

Dude, i studied 4 years TV-Production in Leipzig, Germany. I'm right in front of my bachelor exams and i am so happy to see all your videos as a hugh summary. thanks to you so much.

[@FilmmakerIQ]

+Mirroo Camilo Break a leg on the exams!!!!

[@MirrooCamilo]

Filmmaker IQ Thanks :)

[@SHONSL]

Wow. This is the most comprehensive video I've seen regarding sound. Thank you for the time and effort devoted to explaining sound!

[@QuibizOwl]

In the audio world we use many different db‘s but never dbm for audio levels. dbm are mainly used in antenna and radio stuff.

[@BasicFilmmaker]

This is awesome. For those of us that are not sound guys, extremely helpful. Thanks John!

[@BhashanaLiyanage]

This man is a library for film makers.

[@BigJandtheBadMan]

Dude......I'd say I'm an intelligent student and learner but logs always had me confused til this day...... I will love u forever.

[@hakamsoufan]

10/10 all the time we used your Videos to study Film Media in Melbourne

[@Species-rj9si]

Excellent vid, John. You condensed my entire 48 year audio and broadcast engineer career into 15 minutes and 25 seconds!

[@MrMaxilight]

Your videos are basically a great summary of everything I was taught in first year in film school. Great videos. Keep making them!

[@dylanhayes9156]

I was a live monitor engineer for 2 years, yes i'm a baby in the sound world, but you have helped me grow my knowledge exponentially just from this one video. Thank you so much for that.

[@docwright255]

Perfect professor for a 90s baby. I hope I may be a student of yours in person someday. I appreciate the videos, sir. Keep them coming.

[@rkdfilm]

Anyone else drastically more impressed that he also plays a french horn and a trumpet?

[@miroculus3201]

rkdfilm haha my reaction was "ofcourse he does..." dudes pretty intelegent :)

[@ganormand]

Built my first amplifier about 1961, and a speaker system shortly thereafter....still involved in sound and recording gigs. Great video, well presented and very entertaining.

[@19jc80]

I can't believe you did that whole first part in one take. Good job.

[@twinkledoucheful]

Very useful information. We hear all kinds sound everyday but unaware of all these. "Knowing is better than wondering"

[@YooMaTTo]

I have to say this was the most proper, enjoyable, spot on presentation I've ever seen in my entire life of watching educational videos. The audio was fantastic by the way! Haha

[@lamenamethefirst]

Your videos have amazing content and you present really well and it's really easy to follow and take notes. It's several minutes of continuous speech but I never get bored. A truly great resource. Your history videos are just awesome.

[@NatesFilmTutorials]

I'm so thankful for a channel that simplifies and gaining a lot of information in one place! :)

[@Mazomedia]

a part two showing some video/photo of each mic in use would be epic. nice work!!

[@alanleonel56]

Wow ! you guys came back with everything! You used to post one video per month or so... Now you're posting every week! really glad for you guys ,awesome chanel! one of the best,if not the best,filmmaking chanels on youtube,keep up with the good work!

[@RobC415]

Great informational video! My only point of concern is near 14:50 in the video where you make it sound like a shotgun microphone rejects sound from the rear when the polar pattern for the mic clearly shows that it does not. Yes, you say 150 deg to the rear but if you get more technical it should be centered at ~120 deg. and crucially, the mic does pick up sound at 180 deg. So placing a shotgun mic on the hot/cold-shoe of your camera puts you, the camera operator, right at the rear lobe of the pickup pattern. But maybe you will cover this in a future video.

[@FilmmakerIQ]

Rob C I think you misunderstood - the 150 degrees to the rear meant the orientation of the polar pattern not that it covers all the way to the rear. But you are absolutely correct about that rear lobe being right where the operator would be :)

[@electronicsheep0911]

Thank you for your video. I've finished foundation year for sound engineering last year, and staring 1st this September I cannot wait :). I've find this very informative. Good work!

[@brdst78]

Really great video. The chalk board sounds distract... a lot. Great video besides the audio about audio. You went through a wealth of info better put than I've heard. Thanks.

[@penjackson]

Excellent! Love how you deliver info Mr. Hess!

[@1NOnlyAdityaOfficial]

very helpful... learned a lot... keep sharing videos like this... 💪☺

[@Ccalismak]

This is Super explanation. Can you please divide each term description in short videos.

[@inevitableAnpu]

I'm loving this series on audio.

[@deneme56]

John, thank you very much for this excellent video.

[@abbyrodebaugh6634]

You deserve so many more subscribers. Your content is absolute gold!

[@RockitNowAlready]

John, you are an awesome teacher. Keep up the good work

[@christyvanden8799]

This is a fantastic video, a wonderful resource for budding audio engineers, as well. :) Thank you so much!

[@JTKOfficial]

Such a great video!

[@AirsoftReviewerHD]

Best filmmaking tutorial/info ever. Thank you for the free teaching!

[@audioviking5349]

Wow that's a lot of info in this tutorial. Thank you guys for making the world a better sounding place. I will try to support this endeavour as good as I can! :)

[@MaoRuiqi]

Well done. Didn't understand much, but thankfully when hearing of some of the terms you defined in the future, i'll be able to nod somewhat knowingly.

[@ishmaelhutson5328]

This is much like the information I found watching a video on Lynda.com. Wonderful production.

[@oninster84]

@12:32 if i have a +48V phantom power, can i really use it for my lav and shotgun microphones since they are both condenser mics? i read before that phantom power will fry them because they only require plugin power from the 3.5mm jack so i haven't tried yet. thanks. learned a lot.

[@FilmmakerIQ]

if it is 3.5mm minijack it probably wont take the 48v phantom power.

[@raymota4515]

For 3.5 mm plugs, tip hot, ring bias voltage (typically 5 vdc thru 200 ohms or so) and sleeve to "ground." Phantom puts 48 V on the tip and sleeve and can damage the mic's element. 3.5 mm is typically an "electret" condenser. powered by a 1.5 v ( some up to 9v battery) cell in the mic body. Yeah, it is confusing in both concept, terminology and physical application. Lav is often an electret with a button cell in the body. sometimes a TRS 3.5 mm. Shotguns since they're often the choice on video shoots often use electret or phantom. Phantom is the choice when possible, because you don't have to worry if the battery is going to go flat.To avoid your own job termination and never being hired by reference again in your career, read the manual before you first use a mic and find a seasoned engineer who can 'splain wtf is going on. Then open a fader, open your beverage of choice and cut some hits.

[@chriswood426]

great video. I've used a rode nt1a mic for years, quality. you mentioned bi-directionals' have uses capturing music, for anyone who is interested - other than each side having a slightly different recording warmth, pair a figure 8 with a cardioid and you can record a stereo signal. its the same kind of stereo that fm radio stations emit (rather than a pure L&R), it's main benefit being that it coalesces into a mono signal thats is still pleasantly listenable to when there is poor reception. it is also the way most on board camcorder mics work. boring but true

[@FilmmakerIQ]

Thank you Chris on that insight!!! it was something I overlooked in the research as figure 8 pattern is rarely used in video.

[@johannesgustafson7142]

I've watched a lot of your videos, and I like them all.

[@c2ashman]

Another really awesome video of yours. Very high quality content. AAA.

[@samuelsalins8309]

Thanks 👍

[@Mikeycharls]

Legendary vid, man.

[@brucetaylor5917]

Excellent presentation.

[@protegemoi]

Thanks for making such an excellent video!

[@RyanHannaMusic]

this is a fantastic resource right here!

[@randyreneevora2360]

thank you soo much...this is a very educational video..more power to you sir..

[@montage2726]

∫ Great Video! ∫ Audio IS crucial in a production. It can ruin your project if not managed skillfully. ∫ Thank you for posting!

[@KevinMarchese]

I frigging love you! thank you for these videos...such needed explanations or just a refresher.

[@bz1128]

Awesome! Video! Can't thank you enough!

[@tommyjones1978]

PERFECT AS USUAL!!

[@jc3777]

soooooo good. I wish I could give it a hundred thumbs up

[@Seftr]

Great work. Few in the industry understand the importance of sound unless their career resides in that area of specialization. If more creative, "macro" minds whom lead bulky, realized projects, were attuned with the fundamentals of sound, they could really innovate: the entertainment experience would be overhauled.

[@knoptop]

Great episode!

[@dchurch911]

Thank you. Well done and well put!

[@skofjanbejta4103]

thank you so much for the understandable videos

[@alexanderpils5459]

another great video! there's a whole series on microphone technology on the eevblog channel: EEVblog #605 - Fig.8 & Cardioid Microphone Patterns

[@BlackWindPro]

Great job John, keep them coming;-)

[@ParkerEdwardsParties]

Really excellent content.

[@Pauldjreadman]

I've heard and used are condenser pics, which used aa batteries. I have used one for band practices

[@nories4383]

The reason I watched this video is becuz I love sound engineer thnx a lot

[@clydecessna737]

Terrific! Thank you.

[@mariumeplume9562]

The decay is the same thing as the release right?!

[@FilmmakerIQ]

Nope. The decay comes after the attack and leads to the sustain. The release is how the envelope goes to zero. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Envelope_(music)

[@raymota4515]

@@FilmmakerIQ True. BUT I've heard many pros use the terms interchangably.

[@mitchellmitch1778]

This is awesome. i learned a lot thanks . i like the way you teach do you know of any other video that teach like this? regarding recording technology

[@FilmmakerIQ]

Mitchell Mitch This was part of our series on Sound - you can check them out here: filmmakeriq.com/2014/11/a-6-part-comprehensive-introduction-to-sound-and-filmmaking/

[@dariusstuart2010]

Good sound advice.

[@jostoju]

thanks for the great information

[@KarlBunker]

So what's the dB increase when you turn it up to eleven?

[@jaywolfenstien]

You know, with zero formal training, I quickly noticed 3db (and multiples thereof) seemed to be the magic number when fiddling with audio gain and audio levels in Premeire. "Well, my music is too loud, let's drop it by 6 ... still too loud, drop it by 6 more, etc. Okay, need VO to be louder, bump it up by 3..." And I always wondered why that was because 3 seemed like a weird base number. Now I know.

[@JacobMcJacobwood77]

very cool Mr.Joe

[@Jude-e3b]

This is awesome!

[@SanczykLucas]

All your videos are really helpful and I really appreciate them. But I would like to give constructive criticism. When John is reframed to a close up and slowly giving up zoom on it, it gets a little confusing and dizzy. It gives the impression that John is about to fall forward. Instead repositioning and resizing are not annoying if they occur relatively quickly. It may be just my impression. However this does not detract from the excellent quality material. So, thank you for sharing all your knowledge about cinematic art.

[@satisfied8779]

Great Channel

[@ksanavengsar4050]

Thank you for information

[@gregthompson8062]

Is this sound engineering in 17min? This is alot of quality shit. Thanks

[@norisgomez6623]

thank you this well help me for my quiz

[@patricksudbury]

I love your videos!

[@CGKf35]

Loved the video! What kind of a mic would you suggest for recording wedding vows and speeches? A Lavalier sounds practical since it would be virtually invisible on camera but the huge drawback to that would be to get the bride and groom to agree wear it which could be tricky in a situation like a wedding. I'm guessing a Rode M-1 would make more sense? What do you think John? Thanks in advance!

[@FilmmakerIQ]

+P Maximus Definitely a wireless lav mic. Miking both would be ideal - but if you just have one, usually it's placed on the groom as he has more pockets. You could also place it on the person conducting the service. Depending on the wedding service you could also hide a microphone in a central location among some flowers. A lot depends on whether the service is indoors or outdoors - if you're indoors you have more options - outdoors and you really have to go with the lav or a hidden boom mic overhead. The RODE M-1 would be more for some one making announcements and speeches that are going to a speaker. It can also work as a handheld mic for doing "well wishes" directly into camera. If they put up a fuss over wearing a mic just tell them they have a choice of being able to be heard clearly in their wedding video or really soft hissy noise.

[@CGKf35]

Filmmaker IQ Thanks so much John! Your words are truly appreciated! I'm about to film my first wedding and want to make sure I can capture pristine sound of the vows without having a mic appear on camera so this truly helps a ton!

[@FilmmakerIQ]

Don't worry so much about hiding the microphone in this situation - good sound is much more important here. If you can hide it, good for you, if not, no biggie.

[@CGKf35]

Filmmaker IQ gotcha! Thanks again!

[@a2roland]

Thank You! Thank You!

[@funking5404]

Thank you!!!

[@JadeFangY]

thx for the information

[@ElFeilasouf]

I haven't even started the video yet but I know dis gonna be gud. Sorry. You guys... Thanks.

[@alsifjlasieflooo]

Sooo, what mic are you using to record the sound for these videos? Sounds gorgeous and the content is awesome too - keep it up!

[@FilmmakerIQ]

For the audio series we've been using the Rode NTG-2 from our sponsor. We've been very happy with their microphones.

[@alsifjlasieflooo]

Filmmaker IQ Yeah, I have some audio gear from Rode as well and it performs great. For the recording I'm still using the zoom h2n and h6, but I'm looking into getting my hands on a NTG-2 and some other rode mics... needless to say, I'd connect them to my phantom powered h6 recorder :)

[@FilmmakerIQ]

The next video will be about the whole recording chain but it sounds like you've got a good setup :)

[@Nukle0n]

Filmmaker IQ I'm always confused at "Røde" being pronounced "Rhode", because the letter ø has a very different pronunciation in Danish, kinda like the first part of "Oeuvre", if you know your French.

[@alsifjlasieflooo]

Filmmaker IQ I'm looking forward to it for sure :) Yes, I'm pretty sure that my audio setup is about as good as you can get with a limited budget. And expandable too, if more money comes in... those 4 phantom powered xlr connections with manual gain control are gorgeous!

[@909sickle]

I've been studying sound for a long time and have never quite understood what exactly accounts for the different tonal characteristics of different instruments. I thought perhaps that waveform shape could account for some of this. Because square waves sound "buzzy" and sine waves sound "smooth", I assumed that something like a trumpet was somehow able to produce a more square shaped oscillation. However, this does not account for the tonal differences between similar types of instruments or different human voices. I'm wondering if the harmonics / resonates that you're describing could account for the extra tonal differences and what exactly those harmonic differences would look like in a visualized form.

[@FilmmakerIQ]

When I was a kid I played a lot with synthsized midi instruments. The reed instruments sounded pretty realistic, brass was always hard. Basically it's all about overtone harmonics. Everything is a sine wave but the way the overtones lay on top changes the overall shape of the wave pattern.

[@ksanavengsar4050]

You are the best 💓

[@shuvrosarker]

Amazing!

[@trapperking1095]

Are the harmonics described here the same as timbre

[@FilmmakerIQ]

+Trapper King Yea, but Timbre is more of a psychoacoustic description, Harmonics is the scientific driver of Timbre. :)

[@guitargatekeeper]

what a cool sponsor

[@MrPashee]

Great lesson! But I love Neumann ))))

[@nathanbarajas9174]

Dam, you researched all that, and then made a 17:30min video just to tell us...Thanks!

[@stigm1318]

LUFS my friend :D

[@ptankov]

Gives a jet engine as an example. An actual plane flies above my home.

[@carsecundino]

Should've payed attention in pre calc

[@NickKhoo]

my brain hurts.

[@maralnor02]

What about head MIC.

[@FilmmakerIQ]

Headset microphones? Most of them are dynamic mics - but some of the higher end ones are condensers like lavs.

[@lisheblack]

JAH Bless for Knowledge

[@anonmouse956]

I don't think its even possible to state all this more clearly.

[@johneygd]

So no air means no sound,haha lol,very interresting,including those moctophone's technology.

[@raymota4515]

"No one can hear you scream in outer space."

[@johnjosephspearns896]

Make a stop motion video

[@MultiSciGeek]

This is so confusing if you go trough it quickly. Can you give more examples, detail explanations and time to understand please? Thank you very much

[@FilmmakerIQ]

MultiSciGeek Just watch it a few times ;) Sorry but the nature of these presentations have to be quick (we still end up with 20 minute videos when many others shoot for 6) but the good news is you can always stop and replay parts.

[@MultiSciGeek]

Filmmaker IQ You are right... Thank you

[@AQuietNight]

After years of listening, I am not sure there is a microphone made today that can comfortably handle a soprano. There always seems to be strain with the female operatic voice.

[@johnbaker2510]

AQuietNight, working many years ago at a studio in Nashville the in house engineer told me about an old gospel singer name Johnny cook who had song with the happy Goodmens the only method that would successfully was to use two ribbon microphone mounted at 12 & 6 o'clock with the heads pointing to the centre, approximately 12" apart if you find records with him on you'll agree it sound great

[@raymota4515]

@@johnbaker2510 Many ribbons are side address and pick up from both sides, so I'm not sure exactly how to position them for the best pick up in this physical arrangement. I'm partial to ribbons for voice pick up, they have a sound that is worth considering when recording voice. LDC's do also of course.