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A fluorescence microscope is an optical microscope that uses fluorescence to obeserve the specimen. The specimen is illuminated with light of a specific wavelength (or wavelengths) which is absorbed by the fluorophores / dyes, causing them to emit light of longer wavelengths (i.e., of a different color than the absorbed light). The illumination light is separated from the much weaker emitted fluorescence through the use of a spectral emission filter.