Flying Through History - Pharaoh Shishak I's Military Campaign in the Holy Land

Flying Through History - Pharaoh Shishak I's Military Campaign in the Holy Land
An Application of the Digital Archaeology of the Holy Land (DAAHL)
Center of Interdisciplinary Studies for Art, Architecture, and Archaeology
California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology
University of California, San Diego

[@HariPrasad-uy9dj]

This video needs considerable comment. Reputable archaeologists and historians (Finkelstein, Sergi, Liverani, etc.) are emphatic that the United Monarchy as depicted in the Bible, of Solomon, was largely a projection of the compilers/editors of the 7th century in the reign of Josiah after the collapse and withdrawal of Assyrian power. The southern kingdom of Judah could then dream of uniting the Jewish people "from Dan to Beersheba" under one great expanded monarchy. The Yahwistic supporters of Josiah imagined retroactively that it had already happened under David and Solomon, the reputed first kings of Judah. Most archaeologists believe the evidence suggests David was a chieftain, a mercenary who hired himself out to the Philistines and also Saul. Saul's "kingdom" effectively consisted of two small tribal zones, those of Benjamin and Ephraim, despite possible ventures against the Negev and Transjordan as well as against the Jezreel valley. David's kingdom after Saul's death included Saul's fractious Ephraim, Benjamin (both Saul and David were ethnically from Benjamin, although David was born in Bethlehem, south of Jerusalem, at the time of his birth a small independent settlement), Hebron (which David first took over), and Jerusalem (which David took over). The great constructions at Megiddo and Hazor are attributed to the (northern) dynasty of Israel of Omri, and there is even evidence of activity by Baasha, before Omri, and later by Omri's successors Ahab, Jehu, and Jeroboam II, the powerful kings of Israel, Most scholars agree that Judah was a vassal state of Israel (and also later of Syria and Assyria), with breaks. The first of these breaks was after the destruction of the northern kingdom of Israel (the famous ten tribes of the Biblical tradition) and its annexation by Assyria. The second was before the rise and expansion of Babylon. And then, of course, the surviving southern kingdom Judah fell to Babylon, Jerusalem was taken by siege in 587 BCE and the Judahite elite was deported to exile in Babylon. The next generation had to wait for Cyrus the Persian to liberate them and let them return to reestablish themselves in their former land, now called Yehud, and ruled by a Persian governor. Cyrus was even acclaimed as the Messiah. This video is confusing. Why would Sheshonq I (Shishak in the Bible) set up a stela in Megiddo if he destroyed it? Why would he destroy a copper producing center in the Negev, when Egypt wanted to control and receive its supply of copper? No one doubts that Sheshonk's expedition(s) indeed took the routes covered by this video. But historians suggest that it was only a demonstration of Sheshonq I's commitment to re-establishing Egyptian power and presence in Palestine, which had been an Egyptian province for centuries. If so, it's unlikely that he would have destroyed important centers in the (once and again now re-established) province which belonged to Pharaoh. Actually, the Bible is not even clear that he considered Rehoboam and Jeroboam I enemies as there's also mention that they married Sheshonq's daughters. That would have been consistent with an attempt to enlist them as surrogates of Egypt in the highland territories they controlled, not directly under Egyptian occupation - the famous traditional coastal route to the the north and supplies of timber from Phoenician cities (Byblos and Sidon) and the copper from the south. Extracting tribute from Rehoboam (Jerusalem) or acknowledgement and reconfirmation by Jeroboam I of his subordinate status would have been consistent with that aim. It's not clear from the archeology exactly who destroyed Megiddo and Hazor or the copper centers in the Negev. One likely adversary was Hazael of Damascus. Mesha of Moab also boasted of attacking and defeating the kings of Israel and Judah. Please see the videos in this series of interviews with Israel Finkelstein, the author of "The Bible Unearthed". kzbin.info/www/bejne/qH_OhZiArNCceq8 For a very recent book which reviews in details archaeological controversies, results of the most recent digs, and match with the version in the Bible, please see Omer Sergi's book "The Two Houses of Israel" (2023).

[@Bren-ms3ml]

very interesting ..

[@fredgibson9006]

Ugh 8 year video...Was this guy shishak or shoshenq. I think you need to establish that he is in fact shoshenq and interact with other views since some ppl disagree that shishak=shoshenq

[@aym.s5827]

His amazigh name is shishnaq, his european name is sheshonq and his Hebrew name is shishak

[@jimmybritt8405]

It wasn’t Palestine, it was Judah!

[@joodelbeshti2379]

Palestine always and forever

[@Achill101]

It was the southern Levant. That keeps out modern politics.