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Class 9 physics chapter 2
Introduction to Force
A force is an effort that changes the state of an object at rest or at motion. It can change an object’s direction and velocity. Force can also change the shape of an object.
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Balanced and Unbalanced Forces
When balanced forces are applied to an object, there will be no net effective force acting on the object. Balanced forces do not cause a change in motion.
Unbalanced forces acting on an object change its speed and/or direction of motion. It moves in the direction of the force with the highest magnitude.
Frictional force
The force that opposes relative motion is called friction. It arises between the surfaces in contact.
Example: When we try to push a table and it does not move is because it is balanced by the frictional force.
First Law of Motion
A body continues to be in the state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force. The First Law is also called the Law of Inertia.
Inertia
Basically, all objects have a tendency to resist the change in the state of motion or rest. This tendency is called inertia. All bodies do not have the same inertia. Inertia depends on the mass of a body. Mass of an object is the measure of its inertia.
More the mass → more inertia and vice versa.