Formation of a single massive galaxy through time in the TNG50 cosmic simulation

The formation of a single massive galaxy through time, from early cosmic epochs until the present day, in the TNG50 cosmic simulation. The main panel shows the density of the cosmic gas (high in white, low in black). Insets show large-scale dark matter and then gas (lower left), and small-scale stellar and gaseous distributions (lower right).
This TNG50 galaxy will be similar in mass and shape to Andromeda (M31) by the time the movie reaches the current epoch. Its progenitor experiences rapid star formation in a turbulent gas reservoir which settles into an ordered disc after a couple of billion years of cosmic evolution. A rather quiet late time assembly history without major mergers allows the galaxy to relax into an equilibrium balance of gas outflows from supernova explosions and gas accretion from its surroundings.

[@xeniosm4549]

Wow, that is mesmerizing. But I wanted to see those smaller galaxies merging in the end...

[@rodricbr]

same, andromeda colliding with milky way?

[@dtiydr]

To heavy simulation, so it was stopped since the main goal was achieved.

[@SilverSonicII]

Same. Also the larger galaxy heading towards it on the bottom left map.

[@MichaelTheRead]

Brings tears to my eyes when I think about everything that this simple animation represents.

[@abhinavbairathi523]

This simulation is sped up to about 40 million years per second!

[@ViKertS]

Waiting for the second season

[@MichaelTheRead]

What's really fascinating is that it starts out as more of an elliptical galaxy, and only gains its characteristic spiral arms from collisions with other smaller elliptical and irregular clusters.

[@adrianopolis8777]

Well it’s not really an elliptical, more like an irregular galaxy at first. However, one it gained mass the conservation of angular momentum combined with the gas rich area formed it into a spiral.

[@LeonardoGraciotti]

Amazing!

[@smartingamerica]

Fantastic!

[@7vitor742]

That is the universe complex and beautiful,

[@VyacheslavRogalchuk]

This should be published for VR.

[@beti_writing]

Simply WOW!

[@petterlarsson7257]

i want to see the small galaxy colliding :(

[@user-ux4hz4uk5n]

Glory for Her Majesty Universe!

[@tonywadkins5258]

I highly recommend watching this a couple of times, with a spliff and at .25 speed.

[@00Noey00]

Tony Wadkins will do sir

[@5Davideo]

Spaceman Spliff.

[@SuperBroncosguy]

Puffin Sour Joker as i watch. Amazing. 😎

[@Vintincan]

To everyone saying “well if Earth isn’t flat then why is the galaxy flat?” Bruh it’s in a disk formation because the Supermassive Black Hole at the center of the galaxy

[@ahmcarri]

The one dislike is a flat earther

[@NimbleBard48]

That's probably Mark Sargent himself.

[@pfinks7889]

If the flat earth theory isn't real, why then is our galaxy flat?

[@NimbleBard48]

@@pfinks7889 You were going for sarcasm but you forgot about the first rule: always make it obvious.

[@ediliosdd]

@@pfinks7889 Despite your apparent lack of learning ability, you should try again and go back to school.

[@rjr6274]

I can't understand why the flat earthers would dislike this video. Galáxias are flat ater all.

[@insan3d]

SWEET

[@egg-iu3fe]

this requires a supercomputer right? It would be awesome if we could run this on our computer

[@Satabol]

Galaxies impact at last seconds uncovered! (

[@HauntedAbysss]

By God this is amazing. The amount of time and complexity is astounding

[@fabiorosa3982]

lega essa simulação. É muito louco imaginar a violência e velocidade das partículas, e deve haver muitos choques entre objetos...

[@tomcez]

"This TNG50 galaxy will be similar in mass and shape to Andromeda (M31)", but only ends up with a galaxy stellar mass of 47 million suns? I thot M31 was closer to 1000 billion suns in mass...Wikipedia shows Mass (1.5±0.5)×1012[9] M☉.

[@accursedcursive4935]

Sometimes periods are used in place with commas with numbers, i.e. you're meant to read it as 47,000 million suns rather than 47.000 million I'm guessing that's what's going on, but even then that'd put it below the Milky Way's mass let alone Andromeda's.

[@jorajora1337]

10/10

[@monstercolorfunco4391]

Can you do an Oort cloud sim please. If there are so many artist images of Oort cloud of a very similar geometry, then with a sim the same as a galaxy can give us the same geometry as the art images? from a pre-disk system and also as a cross-section views. The Oort cloud images must have used a physical equation base, so we can use them as a 3D gravity cloud visual?

[@ucthebadvc134]

The galaxy is smaller than I had though

[@TheBoltcranck]

Now imagine this demo running on 768k AMD 7H12 Epyc Rome CPU's.

[@JoeMicroscope]

Problem is the oldest galaxies are only 350 million years after the Big Bang. Can the simulator do this, a galaxy in 350 mil.

[@himanshusukhpal]

love react

[@baronashler2150]

God: Ok, it looks pretty ... it's not a replica, but it's a start. With AMD it would have been more similar

[@ianmartin5389]

I guess that last galaxy about to be consumed was us.......... :-(

[@UniteAgainstEvil]

Nope, I think we are the big one coming towards it at the VERY end, you can see it come into view in the last second of the bottom left corner video

[@bigears8296]

What is the point of this though? What does it tell us that we didnt already know?

[@TheEveryDayC]

It directly tests our understanding of the laws of physics to see if it stands up to the scrutiny of a simulated environment with the same laws. It can show flaws in our understanding of the laws of physics to see where we need to study more and challenge our assumptions.

[@Robdoggierob]

Three flat earthers must have watched and disliked this video.

[@hadriscus]

So how does it end ??K

[@xyzct]

Yet we're to believe donaldtrumpdioxide is "destroying Planet Earth."

[@severinaribero6658]

Mm

[@halfbee7886]

This is what happens when Naruto reaches God level.

[@bouhschnou]

wtrange, we don't see the galaxy, only its border. Is there something to hide during the galaxy formation? Look at the trick at the beginning: there are mainly two opposite gaz sources. Not exactly opposite to let the planar and spiral galaxy formation.... These simulations are known to follow hydrodynamics rules in their software... so it's not surprising to observe a vortex because of these two gaz sources. So this is not a simulation, this is an animation, this cosmologic event only mimicks macroscopic phenomenons, that's all. We know that there are too much unknown parameters in the galaxies to achieve a real simulation. Don't say "look, i have reproduce the original necessary conditions to form flat spiral galaxies, look, it works!", no you just have built a scam

[@vkmishra364]

Wrong assumption on your part they are simulating gravo-magnetohydrodynamics . www.tng-project.org/ just so you know what is actually the scale and what the video shows, and if you want to know about the previous versions which is released for public on arxiv.org/abs/1812.05609

[@Allan_Davidson]

Disliked. I want to see both galaxies merge at the end.

[@marcoblender5738]

A galactic bullshits.