Fuel Cell Modeling, Sizing and Standards in Micro-grids with ETAP Software

etap.com - Fuel cell and electrolyzer systems are used in various applications from small scale home level up to large scale grid level. Those systems can be used for grid support applications such as frequency regulation, avoiding unwanted tap changes for voltage fluctuation, PV-wind system energy smoothing, hosting capacity, energy arbitrage, maximum uses of renewable energy, reducing transmission congestion, high ramp rate (duck curve), net zero energy-emission, uncertainty/dispatchability, 24/7 power supply, virtual power plant, reliability/resiliency, and so on. Optimum size and optimal system operation depends on the above mentioned objectives and the use of an intelligent energy management system (EMS) and control strategy; however, there is no standard on distributed energy resources sizing yet. Typically DERs are complex non-linear elements that introduce inverter interface and complex multi-objective problems in power system. Moreover, the interconnection needs to follow grid-codes. However, manufacturers do not provide high fidelity circuit model data for DERs which can be used to accurately simulate and validate their operations. A parametric model is often employed in this case, where historical profile and nameplate data sheet are used in the optimization process. Vendors may have their own proprietary black box models. Moreover, considering density, efficiency and price, a system-level feasibility mainly depends on the proper sizing of the resources. In the proposed presentation, these and associated challenges will be discussed. In addition, the presentation will also discuss cell level fuel cell modeling in ETAP, its operations in different power system studies, quasi-static time series energy dispatch, its optimum sizing in a micro-grid for net zero energy-emission and related standards/grid-codes.
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[@Marco87MI]

on Etap 22.5 I cannot find in library the fuel cell object. Where I can find it?

[@ETAPsoftware]

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