Full Tour of a Roman Fort on the Nile - 3D Model

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Full 3D Tour of Roman Fort on the Nile | Fort Babylon
This video is the 4th installment in our series on recreating Roman Forts, and it is certainly the most formidable of them all! Located in the heart of Cairo, this fort on the Nile was built to guard one of the most strategic areas of Roman Egypt - placed right on top of Trajan's Canal, which was the fastest link to the Indian Ocean and trade with ancient India. Join us on our journey to recreate the story of this massive fortress in 16 minutes and learn how it helped grow into the capital of Egypt, and one of the largest modern capitals in the modern world!
Consider joining our team of Patreons and helping us greaate more frequent videos: / filaximhistoria
Primary sources:
-John of Nikiu, CXI-CXXI
-Notitia Dignitatum Pars Orientalis 52.1
Secondary sources:
-Akarish, A; Hemeda, S; El-Nagga, A. A. “Engineering Investigations and Durability Problems of the Construction Materials of the Roman Babylon of Egypt” in Open Journal of Geology 8, 4, 2018.
-Butler, A. J. Babylon of Egypt: A study in the history of Old Cairo. Clarendon Press: Oxford, 1914.
-Karelin, D; Karelina, M; Sheehan, P; Zhitpeleva, T. “Babylon of Egypt: the reconstruction of the diocletianic fortress” in Roman Frontier Studies XXIV (24. Limes Congress) held in Belgrade/Viminacium. September 2-10, 2018.
-Karelin, D; Karelina, M; Sheehan, P; Zhitpeleva, T. “Reconstruction of the Diocletianic fortress in Babylon of Egypt: sources and reconstruction argumentation” in Proceedings of the International Forum held at the State Hermitage Museum 28-30 May 2018.
-Karelin, D; Karelina, M; Zhitpeleva, T. “Some Problems and Peculiarities of the 3D reconstructions of Late Roman Forts in Egypt” in C. Sebastian Sommer, Suzana Matešić (eds.) Limes XXIII: Proceedings of the 23rd International Limes Congress Ingolstadt 2015 Akten Des 23. Internationalen Limeskongresses in Ingolstadt 2015.
-Sheehan, P. Babylon of Egypt: The Archaeology of Old Cairo and the Origins of the City. The American University in Cairo Press: Cairo, 2010.
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[@HistoriaMilitum]

Install Raid for Free on IOS/ANDROID/PC: clcr.me/FilaximHistoria and get a special starter pack with an Epic champion Jotun 💥

[@nikelaos5792]

FilaximHistoria: Would you return to history of the legions?

[@HistoriaMilitum]

@@nikelaos5792 Yes, I am working on the history of the 6th right now! Depending on how long it will take, it will be either the 2nd or 3rd video I release from now. But its looking to be a big one, like the 10th and 14th, so I might break it into two parts.

[@greensoplenty6809]

i checked out the global x project before it was taken down due to looters using it. it was laser ground radar pictures of middle east from 1960's spy satellites spent a minute looking for the hanging gardens then switched over to the nile. i wanted to check my archeology skills and see if i could tell the difference between a fort and a civilian structure. EVERY INCH of the nile has ruins buried underneath. every island. i couldnt find a spot without ruins. jsut thought you might like to know. i dont think radar pictures will be public anymore. they said looters started using it after only like 2 months

[@azimabdulaziz4559]

Didn’t realise that even Cairo was originally a Roman fort. What a twist. Great work!

[@asmrnaturecat984]

It was a fusion of fustat(muslim army camp) and babylon

[@C.viscione]

@ASMR Nature Cat effectively a fusion of two army camps, then. Interesting beginning.

[@TenOrbital]

You can still see the towers of the water gate on Google maps. The Nile has moved and the old fort is now an Orthodox precinct with some of the walls still visible.

[@jasonalmendra3823]

Cairo was built by the Fatimid dynasty c.900 AD. They were Berber and Shiites.

[@svon1]

well ....Paris ,Trier, York and Londinium are also Roman

[@Mitaka.Kotsuka]

Cairo, London, Mainz, Paris... those romans knew what they were doing

[@badomen7199]

???

[@jansundvall2082]

Cologne

[@MuddieRain]

Manhattan, KS

[@christianoconnor4184]

@@badomen7199 all cities who were founded by the romans

[@badomen7199]

@@christianoconnor4184 Yes, but what about it? I am confused why he is pointing it out.

[@user-mc7tu3zu9f]

good to see you back with this gem of a series

[@HistoriaMilitum]

Thank you!

[@kousseilashakur672]

"CONVERT, PAY TRIBUTE OR SURRENDER" Thats badass

[@VinnieG-]

No it's not.

[@TP-ym1xe]

This newest episode was original, educational and millennia-spanning. Keep it up!

[@HistoriaMilitum]

Much appreciated! Will do!

[@dayros2023]

Very interesting video. The fort actually fulfilled its job, stalling a far larger force for months, too bad the eastern Romans at the time were in a period of political instability and religious infighting.

[@basicinfo8786]

It's not Roman's is Grecoromans Byzantines... New York is not the York of the United Kingdom

[@dayros2023]

@@basicinfo8786 they considered themself Romans, what modern nationalist greeks think doesn't change history.

[@basicinfo8786]

@@dayros2023 my grandfather considered himself Roman but he was Greek and of course not nationalist...The Turks and Arabd still call the Greeks like Rum Orthodox .. The Roman's of the eastern empire was Greeks I know I am myself byzantine from anatolia our country was Byzantium The nationalist eastern Roman's call themselves Greeks and not the other way .. Where are you from by the way ? You dont know nothing anyway ignorant idiot

[@aldrinmilespartosa1578]

Same with the walls of contantinople.

[@aldrinmilespartosa1578]

​@basicinfo8786 those are not cross compatible.

[@AdelVinss]

The animation, the music, the story...everything fits perfectly into this amazing video. Love it!

[@sameh.alseif]

I'm Egyptian from Cairo and these are new information for me thanks bro

[@JonEtxebeberriaRodriguez]

Thanks to you for the view :) Sometimes we are sitting upon treasures without realizing hahaha

[@arti3467]

Wow this is great! glad i'm one of the first few ppl to comment. We appreciate the time and effort your spent on the animation and script

[@HistoriaMilitum]

I am glad you enjoyed, it really means a lot. Thanks for the comment!

[@shakalalalalkh1098]

I actually live close to this place, it's called مصر القديمة or "ancient misr". and not surprisingly many cities were built close to this site of Babylon, and eventually all these cities would evolve into modern day Cairo.

[@midasreal]

at 3 min i thought about "why didnt the romans built a kanal" well they did thanks for this awesome video

[@youssefgebaly1990]

Awesome video, However, I would like to clarify that Babylon became Al-Fostat city not Cairo (Al-Qahera) was build later during the Fatimid’s era. The name Al-Qahera was after planet Mars which was back then called Al Qaher. The name has also dual meaning which could be either the Vanquisher or the Conqueror. The modern Cairo engulfed more than 3 cities within its modern boundaries. “Just a clarification”

[@SOLTIOR]

I had already heard about this place in the legend of Uorn-the-courageous but in the legend this is the city of Babylon in Egypt, I originally thought that this was a medieval confusion created by the bards to identify what they considered to be a center of evil because in the 10th century Egypt was a center of Islamic culture, but now I understand that they were actually talking about the city of cairo and that they were using the ancient roman names, thanks to the @FilaximHistoria team without you I would never have discovered this.

[@oliver5403]

Another great video

[@jonbaxter2254]

Love these types of video, and I'm so glad your channel is blowing up. Almost 150k!

[@HistoriaMilitum]

I am happy you enjoyed! Thanks for commenting.

[@larsrons7937]

Intriguing history and beautiful tour, thank you for inviting us. Should I ever go to Cairo this will be a 'must'.

[@jeandujardin5164]

Amazing work guys. I really enjoy this video.

[@HistoriaMilitum]

Thanks so much, very glad to hear it!

[@GrandMoffTarkinsTeaDispenser]

I enjoy these videos tremendously. Thank you.

[@HistoriaMilitum]

You are very welcome!

[@davidhughes8357]

Excellent work. Always!

[@robbabcock_]

Great video, and the animations are fantastic!⚔🔥😎

[@HistoriaMilitum]

Thank you for the kind comment!

[@nickdreiath4010]

Favorite KZbin channel by a long shot!

[@HistoriaMilitum]

We are very honoured, it means a lot!

[@endme4002]

Absolutely brilliant need more

[@game_boyd1644]

15:07 great reveal with Cairo here. Actually masterfully done. The restraint of holding back the name until the very end is actually quite impressive.

[@malipedduparthiv6147]

love this type of video.

[@Miguel-nm3od]

Yes

[@JorgePicco]

My new fav channel

[@StephanthePelted]

This is a very good video! Looking forward to see more forts covered! Be it Roman or not Also including a section testing how well the fort did against invaders is great

[@HistoriaMilitum]

Thanks for the comment, I am glad you enjoyed! There are definitely more to come!

[@tomaszfengler3333]

great job i really enjoyed myself watching this

[@Steven-dt5nu]

Great video!

[@brownsnakeded]

that sir Was magnificent Thank you

[@mariebcfhs9491]

the Fort is indeed beautiful

[@Miamcoline]

Very cool! I had no idea about this!

[@silverchairsg]

For a second I was scratching my head and wondering why that ancient Mesopotamian city suddenly became a Roman fort in Egypt.

[@HistoriaMilitum]

It’s believe to be called Babylon because it was once a settlement of prisoners/refugees from the eastern city of Babylon.

[@silverchairsg]

@@HistoriaMilitum Cool!!!

[@radored7750]

Great video

[@georgecristiancripcia4819]

Very nice video

[@tuscanyjc]

Constantinople was a great city going back to Trajan

[@JonEtxebeberriaRodriguez]

Comparing to Athens, Ephesus, Nicomedia, Pergamon, Chalcedonia, Halicarnassus, Thessalonica and many other greek cities it wasn't that big. It was an important city but not on an Empire level as we were trying to say

[@tuscanyjc]

@@JonEtxebeberriaRodriguez I'm just citing Trajan's own words from Pliny the Youngers letters

[@kalixkatt]

I never knew this about cairo! Interesting

[@thehturt5480]

Impressive story this fort had. Glad that You have told it. As for the graphics You are on the right path. I am now a subscriber. Good luck 🍀 to You in your work

[@HistoriaMilitum]

Much appreciated!

[@RENATVS_IV]

¿Video sobre otra fortaleza? Suuuuuuuuuu

[@JonEtxebeberriaRodriguez]

Suuuuuuu jajaja. La verdad que nos encontramos con esta fortaleza por pura casualidad. Ni siquiera estaba en la lista de preselecciones que solemos hacer antes de decidir. Fue enseñarle el plano a Filaxim y amor a primera vista 😂😂

[@RENATVS_IV]

@@JonEtxebeberriaRodriguez Pues suerte de nosotros que se dio esa casualidad. Y en una provincia tan importante y esencial como era Egipto. Gracias 🤗

[@michaelrtreat]

Very educational

[@ryanoglesbee1075]

"the blood of the guards is gonna flow like the rivers of ancient Babylon"

[@Country256]

Excellent channel man, nice to see a good in depth channel about niche topics. Ever think about expanding out to other civilizations/cultures celts, slavs etc. or perhaps other time periods as well? Either way you have got a full time viewer in me 🍻

[@HistoriaMilitum]

Thank you and welcome aboard, that’s great to hear! We have some videos about other civilisations coming up, but our plans for more 3D models are currently only Roman. Cheers!

[@abutalhasiddique6287]

16:03 minutes were like a 1 minute 👏👏❤.

[@misaelfraga8196]

Romans would mount armies to combat the Rashidun Caliphate but mostly were inexperienced militia easily broken to rout. The professional soldiers of the Eastern Romans were heavily watered down after the recent war with the Sassanids who themselves spent most of their hardened troops. This paved the way for both empires easily losing mass territories, and the Sassanids outright being conquered completely. Byzantines would recover only due to their navy saving their capital, but would never again hold Egypt, or most of the levant.

[@lythd]

YOOOOO

[@senator1295]

excellent work

[@HistoriaMilitum]

Many thanks!

[@jamesmaddison4546]

its dimensions are interesting. Thought it wouldve been much larger than that. Sounds cramped 😂 all those different buildings like homes, shops, workshops etc plus all the people too? Crazy

[@williamburroughs9686]

Cool video. The one thing that I don't understand is the low bridge across the Nile. This would have blocked the river traffic.

[@game_boyd1644]

Maybe the model isn't fully accurate, and the bridge was actually high enough for boats in real life?

[@masatosway4558]

The modern nomenclature is CE: Common Era and BCE: Before Common Era.

[@kenchesnut4425]

I Really like this Channel.....GREAT JOB TO THE WHOLE CREW...MUCH LUV FROM N.AUGUSTA S.C

[@RoninTF2011]

Imagine this fort would have still been manned by a disciplined legion in the 6th century

[@commissaryarrick9614]

That is actually the last Roman legion there are records of. This period and transition to a smaller empire due to the Arab conquests is what caused the reorganization of the military to the Themes.

[@AlkalineAjay]

I believe I have seen one those roman towers in Coptic Cairo when I visited in 2018. I have been in the church of saint George

[@simplepixel5617]

I fking love your videos!!

[@johnbatsch7938]

Do you think you could do an in depth video on Cincinnatus? I think it would be an amazing video and compliment well with the Titus Manlius episode.

[@JonEtxebeberriaRodriguez]

It can be done but the episode would of course have a huge sign reading "CAUTION GRAINS OF SALT NEEDED" 😂. All we know about early roman characters was written centuries ago and even roman historians were not completely sure what was fact and what legend. But an episode about how the romans remembered him is feasible. Sorry for the long answer

[@kesorangutan6170]

This channel deserves better.

[@vgotnofingers]

Are there any details as to what was the composition of the Roman force? Was is a Comitatenses legion or just Limitanei? Or some other formation? Would be curious to know...

[@Freepr411]

Did not know thanks

[@N3ur0m4nc3r]

And here I was thinking the Babylonian Empire built Babylon 1000 years earlier and in Iraq 🤷‍♂️😅. Refering to it as Fort Babylon, might be more appropriate.

[@samjase4670]

Soundtrack source? Don't see it in the description..

[@Drew151Proof]

Epic model and video. Nothing as good as Roman history

[@CharlyA380]

Hi you made a small mistake. The picture you show at minute 12:00 isn't Cyrus. The image is a mosaic from a church near Milan and depicts St. Ambrose. The mosaic is 200 years older than Cyrus. When you see the full mosaic, you see even the Name of St. Ambrose written obove the Guy

[@viperking6573]

your latin is so goooood

[@HistoriaMilitum]

Appreciate the compliment! :)

[@williamburroughs9686]

Also I am pretty sure that the reason the Romans wanted to keep an eye on the time of the floods of the river was to protect themselves and the fort. As that was their primary goal. I just don't see them intrested in farming.

[@youvebeengreeked]

I'm gonna keep pointing this out in your videos until enough people try this game out and its popularity is revived: *Thank you for using "Praetorians" music.*

[@HistoriaMilitum]

It really is a fitting soundtrack!

[@youvebeengreeked]

@@HistoriaMilitum Most definitely

[@micahistory]

interesting that a fort in egypt is called babylon

[@youssefgebaly1990]

Because it was build by the Persian at first place and the Roman modified it and revitalized the canal.

[@frederickfairlieesq5316]

The Romans called Cairo Babylon? I didn't know that.

[@andrewdrednaught]

2:50 - how than legions stationed there where commanded if their commanders where barred from the territory?

[@ZacLowing]

What happened to the canal that ran through it? Goolge maps doesn't show it at all.

[@morriganmhor5078]

I´ve read something about the more sinister role of the patriarch Cyrus in the Arab incursion - that he made a pact with Amr. Hence, the Copts became independent religiously in Constantinople (some discrepancies between Greek orthodox and Melkite churches) and he is the only patriarch of Egypt, though now under Arab rule. And where are the Copts now?

[@bophades]

Almost extinct and the rest of them twisted beyond recognition, claiming to be something they're not like certain others from the levant and asia minor. Sucks to be the actual losing side, descended from brides who became spoils of war.

[@markblackmore2564]

The Romans new Cairo as Khere-Ohe, not Babylon which was in Persia.

[@avus-kw2f213]

Good fort To bad the age of forts is over : ( Except Ugledar And that fort in Aleppo Maybe the age of forts is not over ? But then again Shushi did fall in 2 days

[@Jason-ul9tq]

Why couldn't the fort have been resupplied or reinforced via the Nile?

[@milliemandy8641]

When they say Roman the siege of Babylon was really during Byzantine time. BY 600AD Rome no longer really existed. Yes I know that you can view Byzantine as Rome continued but the world was very different by then.

[@stefanosvogiatzakis9003]

Constantinople wasn't Consantinople, its name was Byzantium (Byzantio) which I guess is the reason the Easter Roman Empire is called Byzantium.

[@HistoriaMilitum]

As soon as Constantine made it capital of the Roman Empire, it was known as Constantinople. It was Byzantium only before that.

[@stefanosvogiatzakis9003]

​@@HistoriaMilitum Yeah we are on the same.e page. I only said that cuz in ur vid you start with Conastinople when it was still Byzanitum. Once it caught the eyes of Constantine then it was named Constantinople. Anyways great vid

[@HistoriaMilitum]

@@stefanosvogiatzakis9003 Oh, well I in fact did mean to say "Constantinople's origin", which would be the same as Byzantium's origin, as they both had the same humble beginning. Apologies for the confusion!

[@waynedawson8833]

Will the 3D map of the fort be available for download?😊

[@JonEtxebeberriaRodriguez]

Filaxim's right hand man here. Actually I don't know how the copyright situation is. For the fort videos we do the research, documentation, scripting and the measurements and then the 3D figure is done by an studio who follows our instructions to the letter. But as far as I know the studio keeps the reconstruction for themselves

[@waynedawson8833]

@@JonEtxebeberriaRodriguez Thanks for the reply!

[@TheRealKiRBEY]

Ye

[@vinnieg6161]

why no ditch?

[@truthseeker3219]

Convert or Pay or Die 😎⚔️

[@FlorenceSlugcat]

The suez canal basically

[@DrKilljoy91AlexMcJoy]

when will you be doing roman legion lore vids again??

[@HistoriaMilitum]

I’m working on one right now, it should be the 2nd video I release from now, maybe the 3rd. Stay tuned!

[@itzfrken]

Great video! Yet another example of politics resulting in a military loss :(

[@GeorgeEstregan828]

What used is sugar from India if the romans just drink from lead cup?

[@AlmightyThor82]

I thought Babylon was modern day Baghdad?

[@MUSIC7052]

did the greeks and romans have 2 Babylon? Why was Cairo called Babylon when Babylon is much older and is on the Euphrates. Is that a small error in the video or am I stupid

[@HistoriaMilitum]

It is said it was called Babylon because it once was inhabited by prisoners taken from the larger city of Babylon in the east. I suppose that would explain the doubling of the name, but we are otherwise unsure why there are 2 Babylons.

[@MUSIC7052]

@@HistoriaMilitum thanks. Thats interesting :)

[@RaikoTechnologies]

👁‍🗨

[@ronisworld2916]

Subs!

[@mitch8072]

new players from the the US wil. have a chance to win. what abouth the rest of the world?

[@rameshkeswani962]

Sir at least come to truth of ruins available of such construction

[@elshebactm6769]

🗿👍🏿

[@a90leX]

Babylon is 90km south of Bagdad not Kiro...

[@Jason-ul9tq]

Silly Romans

[@jhonkar7805]

Arabs were impressive

[@Fatherofheroesandheroines]

Babylon? I've been to Babylon it's in modern Iraq. Hmm. Well that kind of makes sense the Romans and Greeks were very interested in Eastern mythology.

[@benmiller3358]

I may have heard wrong but did he claim Cairo is the modern ancient Babylon? I thought Babylon was in Iraq near present day Baghdad...

[@HistoriaMilitum]

You are right! But the small region in Cairo was also known as Babylon. I believe it is because it used to house a colony of prisoners from the famous city of Babylon in the East. But think of it as the same way there is a city of Memphis and Alexandria in the USA, even though they are major Egyptian cities.

[@P3trarch]

Such a small force, how did they lose to the Arabs?

[@emrecanpirinccioglu1700]

Babylon was in Egypt? Im sorry what?

[@vastcarter]

honestly i can't tell anymore if the romans just turned to dog shit or the arabs had plot armor

[@clanpsi]

Constantinople didn't start as Constantinople.

[@Jack-zs5qj]

Sorry, Babylon was in present day Iraq. It was not cairo

[@wanderer3004]

Classical Rome would be ashamed.