You are contributing to the society way more than an average individual. Thank you.
@stahu174 ай бұрын
no cap
@sorooshalavi31564 жыл бұрын
man your explanation is very smooth for all the game theory courses! I always watch them when I have not understood something from the books. I wish most of the professors was like you :))
@Amicallef948 жыл бұрын
Wonderful timing on this upload, since I have a midterm on it tomorrow and you are the best on youtube.
@PunmasterSTP3 жыл бұрын
How did your midterm go?
@ralphmcralphie12762 жыл бұрын
William Spaniel my game theory exam is in an hour and I think I finally worked out BNE. I'm going to name my second child 'SpanielBNE2022' after you.
@julianfrank9673 Жыл бұрын
Same situation now for me. Now
@bentongrayson5 ай бұрын
Keeping this alive, mine is in 4 hours.
@efggaming285 ай бұрын
Mine is in 15 minutes
@ryaningold77374 ай бұрын
Mine is in 7 hours
@realhumanbean218 ай бұрын
The amount of students that this guy has taught is enormous. Hopefully I pass my micro class exam because the explanation in your videos is simpler than the one my professor gave us. Thank you!
@olihd24232 жыл бұрын
Student here doing a microeconomics course, I pay 10000£ a year to attend uni, and your 20minute videos have taught me more than ive learnt in the past 6 months at university. Safe g
@nawwafmj7 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much. I was struggling in my Game Theory Class, and you have helped me to understand every thing. I appreciate. Keep going....
@PunmasterSTP3 жыл бұрын
How did the rest of your class go?
@kevinshujianyang48386 ай бұрын
Hi William, thank you so much for uplaoding your lecture! They are amazing! I have a quick question though: Let's say I have transferred the original game to the 2x4 matrix game with columns labeled LL, LR, RL, RR. However, this time, the 1st column is not strictly dominated by the 3rd column, neither is the 2nd column strictly dominated by the 4th column. But we have that the 2nd column is strictly dominated by the 3rd column, and that this is the only strict domination in this 2x4 matrix game. In that case, should we eliminate the 2nd column and find all Nash Equilibria for the remaining 2x3 game? If so, what would be the intuition then?
@kyleiong731110 ай бұрын
constructing a new 2x4 payoff matrix by calculating the expected payoff 6:20 eliminate the ones that have been strictly dominated 11:10 left with a 2x2 matrix and calculate the ne/bne 12:50
@brianward9212 күн бұрын
This video is great, but I think one thing is confusing. Although player 1 has “prisoner dilemma preferences” in the PD game, they game is itself not a prisoner’s dilemma. It has the same result as a PD tho: (down, right) is the unique NE, and the players would prefer to “cooperate” to (up, left). But the reason isn’t the same: only player 2’s “right” strategy is strictly dominant and player 1’s “down” strategy is the choice given that but it’s not strictly dominant. Correct me if I’m wrong, but I found that part confusing and thought this would help others!
@yashikarao3168 Жыл бұрын
Thank you soo much for explaining it in a simple way. i have my game theory exam tomorrow and your game theory playlist literally saved me from failing :')
@whatitmeans6 жыл бұрын
I have two questions about this example: i) What is the interpretation of the value RL = 5/8 of the point of view of player 2??? I don't understand the relation with their strategy. Given player 1 have the same payoffs on both games, when calculating the mixed strategy of player 2, for both PD or SH kinds yoy find q_pd = q_sh = 1/2, so I was expecting that Player 2 will be playing half the time L and the other half R indepently from its own kind. Because of this, I don't understand what really means the RL = 5/8 value. Hope you can explain what I am doing wrong. ii) It is possible to have the same game but with different payoffs for player 1 in each matrix?? or this will automatically leads to a 4x4 set of game matrices??? As an exercise to apply what you presented in the video, I was trying to solve a similar exercise with other probabilities and payoffs: In a game of two players, Player 1 can choose Up or Down (U or D), and Player 2 can choose Left or Right (L or R). But Player 1 would confront a Player 2 of "kind I" with probability p(I)=0.2 in a game with payoffs [[(2,1);(0,0)][(0,0);(1,2)]], or confront a Player 2 of "kind U" with probability p(U)=0.8 in a game with payoffs [[(0,-1);(-1,1)][(-1,1);(1,-1)]]. Using the method shown in the video I reach a matrix for Player 1 where there are no dominant strategies' columns for Player 2, so they can't be deleted of the 2x4 matrix. And I don't know how to calculate the mixed strategy for Player 1 in a 2x4 matrix (there are 4 different linearly independent equations to find only one unknown variable). Hope you can explain this. Beforehand, thanks you very much.
@PhDHopeful8 ай бұрын
This is a great approach in finding the MSBNE. As so many have noted, thanks so much for your time and efforts in making such great videos. Had a quick query. At around 1:20, one of the points you mentioned was that player one doesn't know which type player two is. Then, at around 5:23, there is the example clarifying when the combined matrix can apply, where the boss mentions to the solver, that we don't know which type we are. Would be kind of you if you can clarify which perspective was the example from. As in, the example, when the boss says that they don't know if we are of type PD or SH, are the boss and solver both player two? In that case, along with player one, is it that in this example, even player two doesn't know his/her type (ex-ante)?
@chiew19957 жыл бұрын
Hi Sir, when will you do a video for signaling game?
@AM-em7gz4 жыл бұрын
why don't we solve for the BNE at the previous video,( nr.64) in this way as well?
@gladstonearantes2 жыл бұрын
Hi, William! Your classes are simply amazing! Years ago you published it and there are still people learning from them! Thank you. I have a doubt: you mentioned that this is a method for solving a subset of all possible Bayesian games. How do you characterize this subset? Did you mention that? Thanks again.
@Gametheory1012 жыл бұрын
It's limited to things you can actually put into a matrix form. Something like Hotelling's game wouldn't work with this because the strategies any given type can choose are infinitely many.
@gladstonearantes2 жыл бұрын
@@Gametheory101 Thanks, William! If I understood well, this is still a powerful tool.
@PhDHopeful8 ай бұрын
@@Gametheory101 Does having/not having dominated strategies matter? I haven't thought of an example yet, but if in the same matrix, without iterated elimination of any dominated strategies, if we were still left with 4 columns, we would still proceed to solve the mixed strategy BNE?
@vulcanraven97013 жыл бұрын
Thank you William you're the best
@chloelivingston25522 жыл бұрын
This video helped me understand so much better! Thank you!
@asgv28952 жыл бұрын
What if for example player 1's move up strictly dominated down? How would this look in the combined matrix? Can we use this technique in that case? How can we approach this if we can't use this technique? I am doing a question where that occurs and I cannot figure out how to make a 2x2 from the combined matrix.
@anweshadas9778 Жыл бұрын
what happens if player 2 does not have strictly dominant strategy in any one of the type? how to proceed
@atan6105 Жыл бұрын
saver! much better than others
@reyyan2462 Жыл бұрын
why did we choose up and rl exactly? I think I'm missing st
@azzazidi69128 жыл бұрын
Can you please do the signaling and bayesian learning in sequential games
@Gametheory1018 жыл бұрын
+Azza Zidi I will be, but not before this academic school year finishes---I have ~9 more lectures of BNE to do, and I also have a cross-country move to plan.
@keepmaking13098 жыл бұрын
are you excited for the pittsburgh winter? hahaha
@Gametheory1018 жыл бұрын
I lived in Rochester for five years, so I'm mostly indifferent at this point. More worried about how few sunny days Pittsburgh has every year.
@keepmaking13098 жыл бұрын
No, pitt gets sun alright. but this heat legit rises to kill. It's so hot here right now... :( So make sure you have an AC installed. hahahaa
@Gametheory1018 жыл бұрын
I grew up in a desert, so I think I am covered there. :)
@victorialiao31547 жыл бұрын
Hi, thank you very much for your lecture. I am quite confused that why right-right-down is labelled as one of the best choices by player 1? Right Left Down is 1.8 and is larger than 1. Happy new year
@Gametheory1017 жыл бұрын
Player 1 can only change his strategy. Down is the best he can do in response to RR. He can't control player 2's strategy to shift her to playing RL.
@victorialiao31547 жыл бұрын
LoL thank you very much for your prompt reply!
@satibldrcn12775 ай бұрын
Teşekkürler, çok güzel anlatım.
@keikodes2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for teaching I love it!
@faith...5241 Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much!
@noegnoes7 жыл бұрын
have a small question, How did you get MSBNE : UP = 1/2 and RL = 5/8?
@ken2cky6 жыл бұрын
Asking myself the same question...
@loicjent89796 жыл бұрын
For UP: By solving the following equation: U(RL) = p(UP)*3.2 + (1-p(UP))*0.4 = U(RR) = p(UP)*2.4 + (1-p(UP))*1.2 yields p(UP)=0.5 as a result. For RL: By solving the following equation: U(UP) = p(RL)*2.4 + (1-p(RL))*0 = U(DOWN) = p(RL)*1.8 + (1-p(RL))*1 yields p(RL)=0.625 as a result
@valiantlydefault6 жыл бұрын
i don't think i get the idea behind these equations... we search for the probability of player 1 choosing up by using the payoffs of player 2??
@ziyangfu20556 жыл бұрын
The concept of making the other indifferent between his or her own strategies because you are averaging his utility using his utility values
@lamortexotique5 жыл бұрын
Check previous videos on Mixed Strategies.
@OrcaChess6 жыл бұрын
Am I Right? That 4 x 2 Matrix is mi Normal Form representation of the Game.
@mjja618 жыл бұрын
Hi Willliam. When will you upload Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium?
@Gametheory1018 жыл бұрын
+mjja61 Probably months, and definitely not before this academic school year finishes---I have ~9 more lectures of BNE to do, and I also have a cross-country move to plan.
@marishaghosh6611 Жыл бұрын
Not sure but U,RL cell should be (2.4, 2.4) since 4*0.2 + 2*0.8 = 0.8+1.6 = 2.4 Am I wrong?
@PhDHopeful8 ай бұрын
U, RL for player one will be 0.2*0+0.8*3=2.4. But for player two, it will be 0.2*4+0.8*3 (and not 0.8*2)=3.2. So, (2.4, 3.2) is accurate for (U, RL). The payoff for player two, when playing L for SH is 3 and not 2. Could be a visual trick, where 2 is the payoff for playing R in the SH game for player two, which is in the same row when player one plays U. I had made a similar error in one of the cells I worked through too :D. The matrix fights when you dig into it...
@tamimchamaa41458 жыл бұрын
Why am I having other numbers in the (up, RL)-box?? Because I calculated them and had other values...
@stahu174 ай бұрын
LETS LEARN SOME GAME THEORY!!!
@theentertainer10977 жыл бұрын
Sorry, i didn't see the previous vids; I don't just get which game is the "SH".
@lamortexotique5 жыл бұрын
Stag Hunt
@鼠辈无名 Жыл бұрын
you are fkin genius
@asmit25437 жыл бұрын
IS there any example on Perfect Bayesian?? or a video ?
@Gametheory1017 жыл бұрын
Haven't gotten to that yet.
@asmit25437 жыл бұрын
thank you anyway.... your videos are really helpful!
@jamesfranco28443 жыл бұрын
Does Player one know its own typ?
@avikasliwal15413 жыл бұрын
yes
@PunmasterSTP3 жыл бұрын
Man there were a lot of calculations and concepts in this video, and I have to admit that it's all a bit of a...baze. But in all seriousness, I might have to watch this a few more times...
@truth19018 жыл бұрын
We all know and agree through observation that physical is slowed down energy. And we all agree that energy can become conscious. But some have a belief with no proof that such happened by chance and without intelligent manipulation.
@HimanshuSharma-zu2ku6 жыл бұрын
Exactly the reason to believe that it happened by chance.
@danielklein55607 жыл бұрын
if both players have two types, could i just make an 4x4 bimatrix? like LL LR RL RR and XX XY YY YX
@Gametheory1017 жыл бұрын
Correct. And best of luck trying to solve such a monstrosity!
@elietteadolfsen86184 жыл бұрын
@@Gametheory101 what about a 3x3 where one player has two types?
@fernandaroig29644 жыл бұрын
What would happen if
@PunmasterSTP3 жыл бұрын
if what?
@ben25916 жыл бұрын
„Stag Hunt“?? What the hell does that mean
@TheOtherOne1225 жыл бұрын
Apyrenum watch previous video, I think number 5. Game in which both players have highest payoff by cooperating
@sandeepsikarwar97792 жыл бұрын
kyu bacho ke future ke sath khel rha hai ?
@PhDHopeful8 ай бұрын
Kya aap bataa sakte ho ki kidhar ye tarika thik nahi hai? Genuinely poochh rahe hain hum, taaki seekhne mein kami naa reh jaye.