Gamma-Ray Bursts: Crash Course Astronomy #40

[@zacharykrawczyk3942]

Nothing like getting 360 no-scoped from halfway across the universe.

[@SanguineThor]

comment of the century haha

[@Sheckyize]

Universe: Meet me on rust Us: rage quit

[@Zaluskowsky]

lol

[@Zaluskowsky]

Nice one !

[@REDPotriats757]

😅😅 2 years later still most savage comment

[@Slaphappy1975]

"Gamma Ray Bursts are the birth cries of black holes being born." Just about the coolest statement I've heard this year.

[@junayED.]

luckystriker me too 🤘

[@cymoonrbacpro9426]

luckystriker Cool, maybe? But it is wrong, have you ever heard of TGF , terrestrials gamma rays flashes, they are generated by lightning on earth. A terrestrial gamma-ray flash is a burst of gamma rays produced in Earth's atmosphere. TGFs have been recorded to last 0.2 to 3.5 milliseconds, and have energies of up to 20 million electronvolts. It is speculated that TGFs are caused by intense electric fields produced above or inside thunderstorms! So you see , you don’t need a supermassive black hole or high Gravitational field! All you need is plasma in a high electrical field potential. so let’s not be too naïve!

[@IzaakCha7]

Love this guy, he is so passionate

[@aresgalamatis7022]

+Isaac Chay And much better here than that ridiculous universe series which has humiliated so many scientists with their horrible editing choices.

[@bodiesscienceofi6053]

+Isaac Chay totally agree!! I wished we could be as good!

[@Heinskitz]

+Isaac Chay It pains me to think that the series is coming to an end. Phil's definitely passionate and a great communicator!

[@chimkinNuggz]

you want him to make passionate love to you?

[@jonn_mace_80_95_]

+Heinskitz Hopefully, we'll see Phil again sometime in the not too distant future when CrashCourse comes up with a new series revolving around another branch of Science or probably something else altogether.

[@JASONJJL3285]

If we see a GRB that is 6 billion light years away, does that mean it happened 6 billion years ago and we are just seeing the light now?

[@dkmg]

yes sir!

[@ASWAJA2023]

yes exactly sir we we see the past but we don't see the present because it is too far away,taking up to thousands-light-years away

[@matthewflorio2705]

Yep.

[@infinitedeathloop5517]

@Zain Mazloum that's if traveling the speed of light

[@princessbuttercup8954]

Yes

[@coolhammas]

That Wyoming joke was awesome xD

[@deborahhanna6640]

You forgot the word 'NOT'.

[@novameowww]

@@deborahhanna6640 "That not wyoming joke was awesome"?

[@SexualPotatoes]

I look forward to these every week.

[@KevinAuKarimAduh]

Me too!

[@dadeskr]

+Sexual Potatoes Me too, they've become a friday coffee break tradition :)

[@wietse8987]

+Sexual Potatoes Well who doesn't ;)

[@WildRiverTom1]

+Sexual Potatoes This is the best science feature on KZbin. When this run ends, I will start over with number 1 :-)

[@mrobusto1010]

+Wild River Tom I hope it never ends.

[@Twosocks42]

Thinking of GRBs as the cries of a newborn black hole just gives me chills. 0_o

[@Novenae_CCG]

+Twosocks42 One of those really high-pitched banshee screams that we use to instill horror. Scary stuff, but you can't look away...

[@gabriel83571]

+Twosocks42 Yup, considering there could be hundreds of black holes born every second...

[@TIMEtoRIDE900]

+Gabriel Turturea Well, if there's really 100 Billion Galaxies, that's still a small number.

[@pyroqwerty]

+Gabriel Turturea *every day, not every second

[@ChrisLuigiTails]

The sound he used while saying that was the scary thing

[@totalunknown513]

me: "hey look miniladd posted a fallout 4 video!" *then looks to the next video down* "A NEW CRASH COURSE ASTRONOMY?!?!?! ALTKJNSDTL;KJM;LYKJM.LKTMYA;SdkJTA;KLJYLKMAYLKM"

[@Yojack872]

+Total Unknown Me too lol

[@trevorthompson6155]

I made a little pee.

[@totalunknown513]

wat

[@EvanRustMakes]

+Trevor Thompson LOL

[@brucewayne795]

+Total Unknown Lololololol

[@Qazmaxier]

so the GRB is the real Death Star?

[@zachruhl6008]

+Qazmax pfft the Death Star cant even compare.

[@kitsunekyubino9345]

+Qazmax Kind of. The radiation... so much energy... it would effectively cook your cells to death, and would be powerful enough to pass through a good chunk of the planet, so more than half the world would be affected. Depending on the strength and size of the beam, it may affect the whole world. The Death Star, on the other hand, produced a super-laser that would destroy a planet... more destructive, less energy efficient, less likely to backfire and cook the staff.

[@OzixiThrill]

+Roberta Tallienne Actually, if you take into account the range of the Death Star, it seems quite likely, that it was far less powerful... I mean, assuming that our Sun went GRB on us (Can't happen and would likely miss us, but that's not the point), chances are, our planet would turn into plasma in a heartbeat...

[@TheSuperCanucks]

je suis

[@kitsunekyubino9345]

Good point, Ozix, however, the Death Star's superlaser can't be gamma rays, because then the radiation would kill all the technicians near the beam, or at the very least give them cancer.

[@danieloneal7137]

I’d love to see Phil get his own “Cosmos”-type tv show! I think his enthusiasm could turn a lot of people on to astronomy.

[@KabukeeJo]

So, black holes are the love child of 2 neutron stars making sweet sweet love in space that results in a gamma ray flash. 10:51 = my new txt notification msg.

[@aresgalamatis7022]

+Kabuki Jo More like angry sex... and no, merging of two neutron stars is one and quite rare way for black holes to forms. Most of them form from the gravitational collapse (commonly and erroneously referred as death) of massive (about over 3 solar masses) stars. And to be honest I have not checked the literature since university on updates on how the ones in galactic barycentres form.

[@coltonwilson5345]

Sex that would result in the biggest blast in the universe...damn, hope it was worth it...

[@Twosocks42]

+Kabuki Jo The fact that their climax entails the release of gamma rays makes that some rather powerful coupling indeed.

[@KabukeeJo]

Talk about an explosive climax!

[@IvanLendl87]

So the GRB is the money shot??

[@c.i.demann3069]

Without a doubt, this is my favorite Crash Course series. I friggin' love it.

[@ChallisVenstra]

How did I miss this for 4 years? I’ve loved every episode.

[@Yojack872]

I can't wait till next episode! I love the topic of Dark Matter! Love the series!

[@aresgalamatis7022]

+Jack Star Me too, it's less hyped and it's hard to get any decent scientific work on it since dark energy and the cosmological constant became pop stars in the mind of university geeks. Nevertheless, I am really interested in getting some idea if there are answers to look for further at the time, like what is its density distribution in galaxies in relation to the distance from the barycentre and whether the little research on the subject has tried to model it as a property of space-time, instead of following the hype and try to come up with some fancy math to explain results and make no falsifiable prediction, like string theory... which is like what degrees are handed out to student who create programming languages that are completely useless, but fun to talk about their features (aka bugs) when we are drunk.

[@sohinidutta97]

Moral of astronomy: everything explodes 😂

[@robertethanbowman]

Everytime a GRB rings a black hole gets its wings!

[@spindash64]

Have a cookie

[@garethdean6382]

+robertethanbowman If I shout 'I don't believe in black holes' does a black hole evaporate away?

[@m_riatik]

bruh

[@killerbee2562]

+robertethanbowman well got it's wings million of years ago.

[@robertethanbowman]

+Gareth Dean No one is getting the reference to "It's a Wonderful Life" where Zuzu says "Every time a bell rings an angels gets its wings"?

[@MarcelloSevero]

10:52 Euuuueuueeuuueheheh!!! -Phil Plait 2015

[@toastynotes]

Last episode: The distance to the farthest galaxies is mindbogglingly ginormous. This episode: Here are bursts of light so powerful we detected them in the 60s on accident across that distance.

[@EbyKat]

"Wyoming?" This made me laugh so much. 😊

[@EbyKat]

Also that noise at 8:23 😋😆

[@zamane1234]

EbyKat When did he say that?

[@cj-seejay-cj-seejay]

The universe is so huge you just know that somewhere, in some distant galaxies maybe, there have been planets with intelligent life that have been wiped out by one of these GRBs :/

[@TheSignetGamer]

witnessing the birth of a black hole... that's powerful

[@vxidwvlkxr]

20 dislikes are probably televangelists who don't believe in space .3.

[@davidjoffe-hunter7016]

+Kyle Watts Not believing in space must be one of the saddest thing in the universe

[@vxidwvlkxr]

David Joffe-Hunter Indeed.

[@m_riatik]

+David Joffe-Hunter truly

[@dkmg]

haha! right!

[@JeebusChrist]

Not believing in our lord and saviour phil plait is the saddest thing of all

[@MetalPcAngel]

8:23 10:52 Seems like someone had a little sad and scared bursts there c:

[@ianalvord3903]

These episodes keep getting more and more scary.

[@novameowww]

Eh, it's space. I mean we were all gonna die eventually it's better to be fascinated on exactly how and when you'll be forgotten

[@TSMSQ]

I need to go lie down now.

[@Jake_masta]

you made my day!

[@deborahhanna6640]

Coke is a helluva drink.

[@zamane1234]

Why?

[@JornamMusic]

Phil, you are an amazing storyteller, even if the subject is a specific photonic wavelength. SPACE IS AWESOME!

[@garethdean6382]

Quick Phil, what's SWIFT's detection level? It's over 900!

[@thegamingassassin454]

Phil: WHAT 9000! THERE'S NO WAY THAT CAN BE RIGHT!

[@riel1674]

Phil Swift

[@worldaviation4k]

We can't see gamma rays though can we? from nasa: (remember: gamma-rays are not in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum so we consequently are not aware of the phenomena)

[@benzarzycki5720]

I really love these videos! And apparently Phil really loves Hawaiian shirts! Keep up the good work!

[@keterpatrol7527]

4:15 but Wyoming doesn't exist (only joking)

[@binky2819]

2:03 "Vela" in Spanish means "sail", not "watch". Also, 26 people lost a quarter in Wyoming.

[@joser9237]

Vela actually means Candle. Watch in Spanish is Ve or Mirar

[@kitsunekyubino9345]

+Jose Rosas Well, mirar is the infinitive to look. Ve I think is I am looking, or I look. I'm not sure about that one... actually, isn't that veo? Yeah... maybe it's he/she/it looks? Or the past tense I looked? I don't know....

[@ghostkiller2125]

+Roberta Tallienne Ve is the imperative form of the verb but it's not used too much beacause you can confuse it with the verb go in it's imperative form.

[@franug]

Vela can be candle, sail, or a form of the verb to watch (example in context: "A: Pedro, viste la película?", "P: Todavía no", "A: Vela, es muy buena")

[@Cuix]

+Fran Ugalde Right, but then it's not "watch", but rather "watch (her / feminine noun)", and it certainly wouldn't be pronounced "veeluh".

[@dliessmgg]

+Rauron He can't help pronunciation, he's an English speaker.

[@MikeOxiner]

"What would happen if one were nearby?" "Well, not good things!"

[@DanThePropMan]

I just love this series so much.

[@jeffmckeown023]

GRB's and gravitational waves are the two most mind boggling subjects and my favorite subject to research (I very loosely use this term) on KZbin. My mind barely let's me comprehend. Thank you for this video.

[@dahulius]

somehow, I always forget that these come out om tuesdays, and I'm always pleasantly surprised when I get notified of a new episode. I love it!

[@kitsunekyubino9345]

+dahulius It's Thursday.

[@dahulius]

+Roberta Tallienne I hate tuesdays and thursdays...english not being my first language, I always confuse them....

[@coltonwilson5345]

Same me, only I constantly check my feed...😅

[@robert_wigh]

Thank you very much for making this video! Wow, Phil, you make everything sound amazing, cool and awesome because you are so passionate about space! Yeah, I guess GRBs are really fascinating. Personally, I am more interested in the processes that form them than the rays itself. I did not actually know they are from supernovæ and neutron stars collisions and I certainly never had heard the word ‘hypernovæ’ before. Cool. I though GRBs was background radiation from when the Universe formed. If not, what really is background radiation? Microwaves? Anyway, thank you very much for making this video! The next episode will be far more darker...

[@boredtolife323]

"In case you're wondering, YES THIS IS PRECISELY WHAT MY NIGHTMARES ARE MADE OF!"

[@Suburamo15]

the hulks video bascially

[@Warhero1171]

The universe really doesn't want life to exist.

[@Damstraight68]

QUAZER, BLAZAR are those not words, anymore.?

[@unvergebeneid]

+Damstraight68 "Blazar" is a word, "quazer" is not. "Quasar" is one, though. Why are you asking?

[@aaronphillips402]

+Damstraight68 Yes there are, they are not the same thing as GRBs but are very similar.

[@MichaelPomeroyinmauritania]

It takes as much work to say *gamma ray burst* as it does *GRB*. same number of syllables. As *elon musk* has pointed out, Acronyms Seriously Suck! *ASS Rule*

[@Vikas.03]

iff the GRB's position was detected to be 7 billion lightyear that means tht GRB Happened even before the earth was born? isn't it ? or i m interpreting wrongly

[@eleni852]

vikas tiwari I was thinking the same, but I don't know

[@locngoduy1571]

Yes. You weren't wrong. That GRB happened ~3 billion years before Earth

[@cbraat27]

This is the best Crash Course episode I’ve ever seen. Perfect combo of subject, writing, acting, effects, and editing.

[@Pur3FrakTure]

These episodes are always the highlight of my day. Phil, you are an amazing Astronomer and a great person!

[@SirCrest]

Why is the shutter speed so high? Felt a little weird Also, I love Phil when he gets to talk for a long time about this stuff.

[@s4ntacz710]

This chanel is AWSOME

[@TonboIV]

7:47 Heh heh. There are two ways one could interpret the phrase "death ray", and in this case, either one is accurate.

[@brandonjimenez902]

TonboIV laser

[@eugenio5774]

I absolutely LOVE this show!!! is so interesting, I cannot wait for the next one! :D

[@Kockafalva]

8:20 ..whith my naked eye??? NAAAAAAAAH.....

[@treelonmusk8324]

8:22 made me laugh so hard, Phil is awesome😂

[@pseudonym9667]

You gave an overview of your video at the end! I looooove it!!!

[@SirNeutral]

The gamma ray bursts are trying to communicate! Quick, to the Devil's Tower!

[@blalolblalol]

It's the first day at school fellas....

[@brodyokie2707]

Now there has been a confirmed kilonova... which is 2 neutron stars colliding with confirmed gravitational waves.

[@WonderfulAkari]

Is it weird I feel that astronomy is the most spiritual of all fields of study? I mean I know I'll get a lot of hate if I admitted I'm someone who believes in both God and science, but I do and I feel like the more we understand space the closer we are to God. which is funny because I think people would expect the opposite.

[@coltonwilson5345]

It's astronomy that makes me believe Lovecraft was Jesus...just my opinion!

[@culwin]

+WonderfulAkari What does "God" mean though? Whatever attributes you put on your definition, they are just something made up by humans (or you). There are numerous attributes you could give to "God", so being a person of science, you have to weigh them all equally. Anything you dream up might be the true "God" since you have no evidence to support any of it. At that point it kind of becomes meaningless... it goes back to the classic argument, if God is all-knowing and all-powerful and all-good, why is there evil in the universe? Basically, you're just making things up in your mind to make yourself feel good.

[@SuviTuuliAllan]

hail Satan! \m/

[@WonderfulAkari]

Yup comments were as expected.

[@LeifPeterson3D]

+WonderfulAkari Well, You are made of the universe, and the universe made you. So, in studying the universe, you essentially are learning more about yourself. If you consider yourself to be the universe or the universe to be you, it doesn't really matter either way, because the answer is both.

[@medexamtoolscom]

Funny thing, the first episode of PBS nova I ever saw was about gamma ray bursts, I tuned in right when they were talking about how they detected them with satellites during the cold war looking for nuclear weapons, and they saw the radiation from space..... and for a long time after that, I thought "PBS Nova" was a tv show literally about novas. But it was just a coincidence, that THAT episode happened to be about supernovas.

[@headrockbeats]

This episode escalates rapidly.

[@daultonbaird6314]

Bepposax sounds like a clown name, and, btw did you hear the gravity wave audio signal of the colliding neutron stars ? It's on a TED talk

[@AndsenPhren]

Can't wait for the episode on dark matter :D

[@isaidromerogavino8902]

Heey! maybe nobody noticed before, but "Vela" doesn't mean "Watch". It's a funny mistake, since saying -Vela- as it is, in spanish, it would sound like someone is requiring another to look at something of feminine type, particularly. But, in fact, "Vela" is related to the stuff that grabs the impulse of the surroundings, like in boat-ships or the hypothetical satellites catching solar wind. (Just can't remember the word for it).

[@ilustrado7291]

WYOMING????

[@ginger88895]

Why are gamma ray bursts from so far away not being redshifted into X-ray, UV or visual light...? xD

[@PichanPerkele]

I'm very trigger-happy with dislikes, but I can't begin to comprehend, what kind of person would dislike this. Also, I don't know if I said this already in some other video, but Astronomy is better than all the other Crash Course channels combined. I have never seen astronomy or even science taught in such enthusiastic and narrative manner!

[@steppahouse]

I looked askance at "Cold War 'paranoia'", but not enough askance to dislike it :) He puts out great content.

[@moustachio05]

Perkele!

[@Hecatonicosachoron]

GRBs are the most strange set of phenomena! Also the map of the gamma-ray sky is one of the most enthralling results of modern astronomy!

[@NikolajLepka]

DUN DUN DUNNN

[@Hecatonicosachoron]

Here's the high-res map of the gamma ray sky from the Fermi data: www.nasa.gov/images/content/317876main_Fermi_3_month_unlabeled_new.jpg for anyone interested (I hope the link works!)

[@usmanchughtai1751]

I really hope this isn't the last episode

[@spencerthompson1049]

Question, if GRBs were detected from 6+ billion light years away wouldn’t it be red shifted to a lower wavelength of light?

[@lucho93062]

Vela actually means candle, or sail.

[@fredfredburgeryes123]

+Luis Camilo Mira means "look" if I remember correctly.

[@lucho93062]

Pikuseru I was talking about the word "vela"

[@garethdean6382]

+Luis Camilo It would also be the 3rd person singular conjugation of the "-ar" verb "velar" meaning to stay up or figuratively "to watch over", "to keep vigil over&" or "to safeguard". Which makes more sense/

[@lucho93062]

Gareth Dean Yea that's right, but if you just say "vela" people will only understand it as either a sail, or a candle, not as a verb.

[@garethdean6382]

Luis Camilo Ah the joys of language where you can have a pair of socks and a pair of pants and yet only have three items of clothing.

[@nymiancomplex7336]

Is it weird that the fact that we don’t ever see the present of the universe, only millions to billions of years in the past really creeps me out? Like oof those gamma ray bursts happen so many dozens of billions of years ago who even knows what the hell is happening in even our relatively nearby universe currently

[@thegrassyknoll7792]

Still in my mind, the most incredible about the universe, is that it has created life, and making it able to look back at itself...agree?

[@dscrive]

Just wanted to say thank you for creating such great content. the crash course channel is in my top 10 youtube channels, and as a lover of the skies and believer in human expansion into space, I am greatly enjoying the astronomy series.

[@Carrottime]

The "United Soviet Socialist Republic", huh?

[@jameshenry3530]

Why do some supernovae emit their energy in all directions and some in focused beams? The program should address this point.

[@unclvinny]

It's worth mentioning that whenever we see a GRB that's a few billion light years away, the event happened a few billion years in the past; GRBs were much more common in that era, as I understand it.

[@feelings677]

He gives so much accurate emotions 😂😂

[@49metal]

It was the UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS (Союз Советских Социалистических Республик), NOT the "United Soviet Socialist Republic." Where were you back then?

[@XenitechPlz]

Okay, next episode is dark matter. I'm excited.

[@bassemrafat4]

Who's watching this after LIGO's discovery ?

[@konankunoichi94]

Imagine a Gamma ray burst getting caught in the orbit of another black holes photon sphere

[@AvangionQ]

When two neutron stars collide, does any of the neutron star material get ejected? Does it remain as dense as it was when in the neutron star?

[@aaroncasteel2281]

"dun, dun, DUUUUUNNN" is the surest tip-off that I've found the Science learning channel for me.

[@knifetoucher]

Imagine a gun powerful enough to destroy entire planets from 7,000 light years away. It puts my S&W Model 57 to shame :(

[@robdogs3641]

That's no moon.... it's a space station

[@tntiscool54]

11:35 you wear those glasses! they make you look official

[@alannar.8701]

Can this series never end? Please? I mean, space has no edge (dude no edge), so you'll never run out of material!

[@lepaca492]

This show needs another season. Plz!!! Another season of CrashCourseAstronomy would be the best. So necessary and informative. There's a lot of other topics in this field. Do it! Plz!

[@SEAN1978ALTY]

Fantastic channel

[@cfields320]

"I dropped a quarter!" "Where at?" "Wyoming?" 🤣🤣🤣

[@019KADESH]

Vela means candle. Velador means guard or a person who stays awake all night patroling a facility or building that commonly does not host people in the night. By the way, watch is reloj in Spanish

[@regular-joe]

"Watch" as in "wristwatch" (noun) is reloj. What is "watch" (verb) as in "to see" or to "maintain visual contact with"

[@GuilhermeKunigami]

It's so amazing that gravitational waves are used to explain why two neutron stars won't orbit each other forever and they just observed this phenomena for the first time a few days ago.

[@creepernerd101]

I wish Phil was my teacher. Every day

[@TheHelghast1138]

Ha! I about choked on my cafeteria noodles when he said "Wyoming?" 🤣 This episode was quite illuminating.

[@Foxintox]

Do those type 2 grbs also happen when two black holes merge , like the ones which allowed us to clearly detect gravitational ripples ?

[@s0me1up]

GRBs are a result of accresion discs around the explosion. i'm not sure if black holes merging create accresion discs. i mean an accresion disc is matter from a previous object like a star, but in black holes all the matter is inside the sigularity and the gravitational pull inside is too strong to lose any of that matter. also, one of the trademark properties of black holes is that their pull is strong enough to even trap light, which is why they are called 'black' in the first place. in other words: even if two merging BHs do create a GRB, their gravity doesn't allow it to escape.

[@bluediamond105]

question, so GRBs are the strongest force in the universe?

[@Emcee_Squared]

Beautiful

[@kategrimm8536]

Poor guy, thinks Wyoming is a State...

[@gmann8659]

I just realised this guy has no eyebrows..

[@stark7266]

Awesome

[@DarkAngel71180]

These are the best astronomy videos out there. I really appreciate his detailed and easy to comprehend explanations.

[@greekpapi]

Seema, I found some other good ones!! Check this guys page out. He is an outstanding instructor!! kzbin.info/www/bejne/fpixe6qdZ6x8idU

[@DarkAngel71180]

greekpapi well, thank you so much! I can't wait to check them out!!! 😊😊😊

[@AustinALiboiron]

Two questions: if a black hole's gravity is inescapable even by light, and all kinds of electromagnetic radiation travel at the constant "speed of light" (10^8 m/s), how are GRBs able to escape the black hole? Does their concentrated energy override the black hole's gravity in some way? And second, if swift is able to detect the GRBs that are aimed toward it/us, how are they not hitting us and tearing us apart at the molecular level?