Genetic Drift - bottleneck and founder effect

This lecture explains about the genetic drift and the example of genetic drift events such as the bottleneck effect and the founder effect that explains the change in the genetic frequency with time by random chance. Genetic drift describes random fluctuations in the numbers of gene variants in a population. Genetic drift takes place when the occurrence of variant forms of a gene, called alleles, increases and decreases by chance over time. These variations in the presence of alleles are measured as changes in allele frequencies.
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[@emmi121ful]

In bottle neck we lose gene pool Eg if initially we have 100 tigers & due to some human interference or Natural disaster 90 tigers die & we r left with 10. Now if we will breed the left 10 tigers & then make them back 100 What we lose here is Gene pool as the 90 tigers we lost may have certain Genes which may have some benefits like fighting a particular disease but here we lost them.

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Exactly

[@NONGPURENBA]

you are right Wani Javid, bottleneck events lower genetic variation in the population. As the population size becomes smaller due to certain events like natural calamities, the changes in allele frequency becomes highly evident with majority of individuals in the population having either more recessive or dominant alleles. In short genetic variation is very less among the individuals in that particular population. Even when the population size increases in the future also the variation in the population remains low which is highly detrimental for survival. The same is true for founder effect, it decreases the genetic variation in the population. he rightly explained that part with example of people from Africa.

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You cleared concepts so easily and the last one why it is named drift was amazing you nailed it 🤩

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[@monika5034]

thank you so much sir.. i am doing Ph.D in human genetics but the concept of genetic drift was not cleared til now.. i was always confused by bottleneck and founder effect.. you made it so easy nd logical.. thanks alot.. keep helping :)

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+Monika Lochan thank you for watching the lecture. Glad it helped.

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amazing explanation, sir. i had great confusion about genetic drift, but after watching this video, i understand properly. thank u very much..

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Thank you sir for tha relevant information.actually I dont know about genetic drift.your video very helpful for us.thank you so much sirr

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Simply awesome Sir and dat final graph made d idea a precise one...

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really helped me understand it, thank you so much!

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sir its really amazing..i understood it vv well.thankyou..

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Dada the Graf you showed is nowhere available.and nobody tolled what actually is this Genetic Drift. Thank you. You are a great Blessing to The People of India.

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THANKS A LOT SIR!! YOU CLEARED ALL MY DOUBTS FROM GENETIC DRIFT!!!

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Tq so much sir...I don't understand what is genetic drift until i found your vid❤❤

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Dr shomu's thanks allot for your help......aniway can u please explain me meiotic drive and migration pressure....... thanking you in anticipation. ......

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Thank you good sir.

[@MrGbhattacharyya]

In case of bottleneck effect many unique combination of traits might just get wiped out because many many individuals were killed [as in this elephant seal example] thus it is essential to understand the concept of allele which is one of gene pair found on the homologous pair of chromosomes because pair of alleles carry the unique traits in individuals [refer Tt, or Rr in Mendel's experiment], all those killed individuals had unique alleles which were just wiped out from the population...

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would you please make a class on genetic polymorphism and it's three basic avenues.

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[@oldernu1250]

The allele clock does not beat metronomically. Multitudes of factors influence genetic "drift". Keeping it simple, access to water, exposure to variable weather effects plants' growth rates and cycles. As does mineral composition of soil. And eating plants and animals in different areas will cause alleles to differ. We're 99% the same, but that 1% is hugely important.

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Sir this video was so helpful. Thank you so much. ☺

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[@MrGbhattacharyya]

for the founder effect it is the classical example...The Afrikaner population of South Africa is mainly descended from one shipload of Dutch people ... The ship of 1652 contained a Dutch man carrying the gene for Huntington's disease,... very good reading

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[@ojasgupta1004]

Sir i have I doubt Can we say that at the time of minimum population, natural selection occurs simultaneously with genetic drift because at that time the organism selects the best environmental conditions. Please clear my doubt

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[@deepthi.kkunchu8473]

I really like the way you explain things...thank you sir.. Can you help to to reach your class about inbreeding depression and problems

[@PhilipSKaspar]

I have a question: at minute 10:00 you say that now we have much more features in the population compared to the population we saw earlier. Why is that so?

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Osadharon dada ...chalie jao ...

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Thank you

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Thank u so much sir 😊

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I have a question sir. Can we have any control on selection in genetic drift?

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thank you so much🙏

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+Prasun Chatterjee glad it helped

[@MrGbhattacharyya]

Allele and Alleles need clarification, and the classical example of bottleneck effect you mentioned is the population of Northern elephant seals....hunting reduced their numbers to 20 around the year 1890s

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Sure. Thank you.

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[@AbdulRahman-jr7ql]

how does this helps in speciation?

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Urgent please: Could you relate this to the Tajima's D?