Genetics, epigenetics and disease

Royal Society GlaxoSmithKline Prize Lecture given by Professor Adrian Bird CBE FMedSci FRS on Tuesday 22 January 2013.
Adrian Bird CBE FMedSci FRS is the Buchanan Chair of Genetics at the University of Edinburgh.
The human genome sequence has been available for more than a decade, but its significance is still not fully understood. While most human genes have been identified, there is much to learn about the DNA signals that control them. This lecture described an unusually short DNA sequence, just two base pairs long, CG, which occurs in several chemically different forms. Defects in signalling by CG are implicated in disease. For example, the autism spectrum disorder Rett syndrome is caused by loss of a protein that reads methylated CG and affects the activity of genes.
The Royal Society GlaxoSmithKline Prize Lecture is awarded for original contributions to medical and veterinary sciences published within ten years from the date of the award.

[@royalsociety]

This is the first time we've shared a public lecture with slides on KZbin. Please let us know if you like this format in the comments.

[@wardygrub]

At least 8 years later…… My mind is blown and that’s how I like it!…. If I could ask one question right now, it would be ‘HOW do the particular molecules, strands and particles know what to do?? There seems to be information within information….. As an amateur, I’m wondering if we are getting close to seeing the very workings of consciousness itself… or am I way off the mark???? I would be SO grateful for an answer. With love and respect, Manda x

[@biosztudastar502]

KZbin algorythm has decided that now it is time to promote this amazimg presentation. If the question is still relevant, yes I love it.

[@JiveDadson]

Starts at 5:00

[@RobSinclaire]

Thank you Royal Society for these lectures and especially for the excellent production values/techniques applied that make them a great pleasure to watch/listen to.

[@LotusMoonUK]

This format is good - as its essential to see the data on the slides. Best complements.

[@adhipmitra]

He is a master researcher and teacher.

[@royalsociety]

Yes, that one is a bit difficult to see. Unfortunately that particular graph is quite hard to read even in the original slide. We'll see whether we can improve the quality in future videos though. Thanks for letting us know.

[@lucasloura9443]

Thanks. I have tried at 720p. It looks like the maximum my machine can take. If you look at around 22 minutes 50 seconds and the graph at the bottom as an example.

[@maysaa9]

Hi, I found broad casting such lectures very helpful to my as PhD student and lecturer especially that we can attend such meeting or confernces. so thank you. It was a big help to my next seminar on epigenetics. thanks again

[@buakawfan333]

Wasn't me!! I don't think it merited a demerit. I know what you mean though. Debates by some groups are just full of people strategically going off topic. People actually get taught how to do that. Lectures are great to watch but its always good to hear what the opposition have to say. But then again, some debates seem to be pre-conceived to arrive at a harmonious climax, which makes me feel quite sick. Academics and the public should stay vigilant and question anything

[@lucasloura9443]

I do like the Society's public lectures, however if you are going to insist on using youtube, could you improve the quality of the slides? Some of the detail is too small and when you enlarge the video the slides show up blurred so you can't read the text - this is frustrating and hasn't been a problem with videos in the past.

[@amom749]

wonderful lecture! thank you for sharing your research with us, look forward to continuing advances in applied epigenetics.

[@dfegan]

Spectacular presentation--spellbinding!!

[@royalsociety]

We've also added captions to the video which you can access through the KZbin controls.

[@Stop-and-listen]

This was an outstanding presentation.​

[@royalsociety]

Hi Lucas, have you tried changing the video quality using the cog icon in the KZbin player? You should be able to increase the quality so that the slides aren't blurred when you enlarge the video. Does that help?

[@user-qk9pl5dc8u]

Interesting lecture!

[@marindanciu4767]

NEW for geneticists and not only! Here's a novel approach in genetics and a giant step in the genome physiology: "The true laws of heredity, Danciu laws of heredity-four new laws". These laws invalidate and change almost everything what was written previous about heredity, eliminate all errors of heredity made so far, elucidates exhaustive the mode how the characters are transmitted from parents to descendants, including most autosomal-recessive diseases, are a indispensable tool in medical genetics research of success and in the activity of obtaining of hybrids of plants and animals with high biological value, facilitates the understanding genotype-phenotype relationship and of genetic variation between individuals, at any species, facilitates the identification with more accuracy of recessive genes, namely genes that can not function, though should, causing autosomal-recessive diseases, are valid 100% in all cases and all species that reproduce by gametes. The new laws reveals with clarity all the truth regarding heredity, including: the genetics inheritance received of child from each parent is determined of the energy which the gametes, male and female, have at the moment of fecundation; only the sex chromosomes transmitted of father are active in the children's body, X at girls and Y at boys; at any pair of genes, if a gene has a mutation then no the healthy gene can not function; at any valid pair of hereditary factors (chromosomes, genes, nucleotide) can be chosen in the set of active factors only one factor; of all hereditary factors with rank of genes, segments of gene and nucleotide which have the same functional role and are in the set of active factors will be chosen to express only one factor; in meiosis 50%-1 sex chromosome, that is the set of inactive autosome chromosomes, of genome is eliminated, and the remainder of 50%-1 sex chromosome, that is the set of active autosome chromosomes, equips both gamete-brothers; in the human genome is expressed maxim 25% of all genes, because only 50% are admitted in the set of active chromosomes, and of these 1/2 (25% of all) are genes dormant (at animals and plants expressing even much less of 25% of all genes); any process of after fertilization, including the configuration the set of active chromosomes, and starting and stopping of genes expression, is initiated and controlled of the systems of proteins-enzymes (mitochondrias); etc. Details at: independent.academia.edu/MarinDanciu www.frontiersin.org/Profile/PublicationDetails.aspx?PubId=39587292&tab=2 scholar.google.co.in/citations?user=OcZRrW0AAAAJ&hl=en

[@buakawfan333]

Although this is off topic, it is fascinating to imagine that something as subtle as a thought process, could somehow trigger changes in the epigenome. Perhaps, therefore that in the future, psychology could PROVE to be a focused preventative/therapeutic treatment for a certain selection of mental, and physical, developmental diseases, through certain 'thought processes'. However, this is just a wild idea, and I am not qualified in this field.

[@wardygrub]

7 years later……. Loved your question…. I’m with you on this trail of thought…. So much potential! My personal research is about ‘will’ and how molecules, strands and particles etc know what to do. It seems there’s information within information. Do you ever wonder about this???

[@DSDREVENTS]

Great stuff

[@heatherrekalske431]

This is amazing.

[@binbinky78]

a very nice lecture

[@JJAngleton]

Bloody brilliant lecture

[@buakawfan333]

Depends who you share them with!!

[@semihmarangozoglu1905]

Thanks for sharing this great lecture. Is there a transcription of this video?

[@matthewkroncke2007]

Thank you

[@royalsociety]

Hi Semih, you can read the transcript in youtube, or email us at websupport[at]royalsociety[dot]org and we can send it to you in another format.

[@khalidabdinahmed2904]

thanks so much, i am very interested in epigenetic and i wont to prepare my PhD in this area ,if any group research i will be pleasure to be with you! i am medical laboratory science - clinical chemistry

[@SJG7590]

Nice lecture

[@catsalive1]

Royal Society GlaxoSmithKline Prize Lecture

[@kipling1957]

If one X chromosome is silenced in females, how can it compensate for mutations in the other one, as in Rett syndrome?

[@kipling1957]

Oh, I get it. The cells are randomly X-silenced (i.e., either X) at the blastocyst stage of development when there are a few hundred cells. Hence the mosaic distribution of the mutated gene in adult tissues.

[@Raptor9323]

can some one tell me what diseases are covered ? the clip is effing long to check it out.

[@KinguCooky]

After two days, surely it would have been easier to watch the one hour video?

[@Raptor9323]

lol I forgot about this.

[@raymondkordonowy5321]

A model supporting autism is genetically linked with interesting potential towards treatment.

Thank tou vert much… 🇹🇷

[@divisorplot]

ok found that lecture to go with Heinrich Khunrath thumbs up for a save future rewatch. hint khunrath hint dr Jung Khunrath mysterious conjunctions you tube history save tata hint rett syndrome

[@dongdestroyer6077]

i've recently realized that the y chromosome acts as a virus.

[@aav_n]

04:04 Why in females????

[@aav_n]

Elbert van Wijk Thanks

[@cleverusername9324]

Epigenetics and the discovery (by a woman) is comparable with splitting the atom

[@nathanzingg9127]

OK, so an AAV vector sounds impractical.... So why not engineer an Mecp2-experssing mutant of Toxoplasma gondii, It can live happily ever after in the brain cells and make all the Mecp-2 needed.

[@divisorplot]

epigonic dr carl gastuv jung interesting text psychology and alchemy 'epigonic' cacogenetic and all those prefixed words/worlds cacoon/cocoon computer has been/bean/beam

[@maysaa9]

sorry i wrote my and i mean me

[@divisorplot]

the epigoni carl jung psychology and alchemy ubiquity s-ame table of content. interesting e*I pi +1=o square root -1 epiphenomenalism epi yep gone goni i&e of mathematics 'k-new word [?] gone goni epi~! ubiquity endocrinology endi natural exponential function 'e' Fibonacci compass and square ontology mereology protothetics system set theory logic .

[@alittleofeverything4190]

Put AI on this area of genomics

[@fasihodin]

If you have no time to explain, then don't bother to say.

[@agneseronca5426]

ALLORA NON è VERO CHE L'UOMO PUO' NESSERE DONNA E VICEVERSA

[@cleverusername9324]

Why underplay it other than to not give credit where credit is due :( sexist science it's outrageous