Geronimo’s Rifle - The 1868 Springfield

[@InrangeTv]

ADDENDUM: This is actually an 1868 model Springfield, but it was his actual rifle that was acquired by John Clum as discussed in this video. The museum itself referred to it as an 1870, which is a common mistake made with Trapdoors as the differences between them is relatively small, but still important within collecting circles. Here's an official link about it: azmemory.azlibrary.gov/nodes/view/38165#:~:text=CreatorRobert%20OrserSubjectGeronimo,silver%2Dwashed%20barrel%20and%20receiver.

[@aidanfarnan4683]

That's so cool that the Arizona Historical Society would let you handle that gun. Neat.

[@PhuVet]

I think they have one at the Cody museum too.

[@macwilson7885]

@@PhuVet ò

[@jessebianchi2631]

i have a window sticker that says "trust the government? ask an Indian." Geronimo came to parley and was ambushed.

[@Gustav000]

Well he also surrendered 3 times to the government.

[@mickeyjarnevich8754]

Government lieing dogs

[@jasperiusdedacia9400]

And still many Americans truly think that the states are the greatest country on earth. It's pretty funny if you think about if.

[@george5156]

@@jasperiusdedacia9400 government is a necessity evil

[@ralphwatten2426]

Geronimo was probably stealing the cattle back that was supposed to come to him in the first place. Indian agents are notorious thieves.

[@joshuatxuk]

Jay reminds me a lot of my late grandfather, he was very well read about American history and the American frontier in particular. He would have enjoyed this video very much.

[@noahcount7132]

Your historical and historically-oriented KZbin videos are solid gold, Karl! Informative, enjoyable and entertaining.

[@Archangelm127]

They're why I'm a Patreon. The pure gun stuff is interesting, but this is worth my money. :)

[@missouribattleflag328]

Indigenous forces LMAO 🤣

[@missouribattleflag328]

Engine lives matter 😀😀😀🤧

[@dashikashi4734]

@@missouribattleflag328 Gonna get mad about words, snowflake? lmao

[@reillyc7605]

I have a 1873 sitting in my house it belonged to my grandparents and I really didn't know anything about it. When this video started I was thinking hey I think I have one of those sitting in my living room. Thanks for the history.

[@smpk9667]

These are my favorite type of Inrange videos.

[@craigthescott5074]

I’ve got a 1865 Springfield 50-70 trap door from Fort Lowell in Tucson. Story goes my great grandfather found this rifle hidden up in the rafters of the Fort back in the early 1900’s. It was passed down to me and I will pass it down to my son. I visited the Fort and found out they have no known weapons from the Fort that are still known to exist except my rifle.

[@dennismitchell5414]

I just happened to run across your channel and it's great ! . I've been an old west and Civil War history geek since I was a kid ( 67 yrs old now ) . Keep up the great work and stay safe out there , much admiration and respect from Dundalk , Maryland . 👍👍

[@jeromehigdon187]

That's a rifle they handed Geronimo to take that picture with. When he gave up the last time he had a 1866 iron frame lever action rifle and a Colt ivory handled 51/2" revolver and Stag handled bowie knife that was factory made in the East.

[@thomasdonnelly2642]

Thats awesome, I just picked up an 1869 trapdoor springfield! And I just made ammo for it! Its my first time dabbling in black powder!

[@dio3693]

I love these historical firearms videos. Great job as always, Karl!

[@AA-gj3kt]

I have a photographic print of Geronimo kneeling and holding that? rifle hanging above my workbench out in the shop. I've looked at it nearly every day for the last thirty years. Thanks for an excellent video. 👍👍

[@gyrene_asea4133]

Good job on the video. I never knew about Geronimo and the 1870. Thank you.

[@theamer1776]

Once again another well thought out video. I always look forward to Karl's historic videos.

[@johndoe-so2ef]

This kind of stuff is why I subscribe to InRange, even though you irritate me at times, Karl. Keep up the good work!

[@InrangeTv]

Thanks for your comment even though I irritate you.

[@johndoe-so2ef]

@@InrangeTv Hey, credit where it's due. You do a good job.

[@joshuaspicer8454]

A lovely look into the past!

[@BillBodrero]

Wonderful as always, Karl. I look forward to seeing that old horse run.

[@iflycentral]

Here to fight the algorithm, and I share almost all your vids on my Discord as well. Love the content.

[@sabertoothray]

Beardless carl really caught me off-guard. Awesome video, honestly not too big on this type of history but it's always cool to learn stuff from this channel.

[@briankern6644]

Comments for the comment god.... Thanks for the presentation and showing Geronimo's rifle. Really cool to see it and heard the story on how the AHS acquired it.

[@David-th2ug]

Very good video. Love anything about the Apache.

[@ronaldbarnes8302]

Thanks Karl! Enjoy your historical videos.

[@Griffin4122]

I appreciate your obvious respect for the indigenous peoples.

[@ptonpc]

One for the algorithm. A piece of history indeed,

[@terencegamble4548]

Fascinating Carl. Thank you for this video.

[@MangasColoradas941]

My 1884 Springfield Trapdoor actually has J.F. Dove stamped just directly above the lockplate on the wood

[@supXXxXXg546]

Always good to see some more history on here!

[@coinsmith]

17:32 note at bottom of screen says "Correction: the ejector is not spring loaded". Wrong. The ejector is indeed spring loaded, using a plunger within a very strong coiled spring that is activated just as the little nub on the top of the ejector is pushed by the forward edge of the breechblock as it opens. Drift the breechblock retaining pin out from the left side of the receiver and this will allow the ejector to be removed, then you can remove the spring loaded plunger from behind the ejector. This was an innovation which first appeared on the 1868 Springfield, and was retained for every subsequent trapdoor Springfield model. The 1866 Springfield used a horseshoe-shaped spring to drive the ejector, but Allen determined it was too fragile and unreliable, thus the 1868 improvement.

[@mohhamedsmith]

Excellent content, as always, Karl.

[@olafervin]

Grateful for your efforts.

[@MikeL-vu7jo]

Very interesting i own an 1866 second Allen conversion in excellent condition also purchased some black powder rounds specific for this rifle haven’t fired it yet though , thanks .

[@hornmonk3zit]

How long ago was the segment in the museum filmed? You looked like ten years younger and I don't remember ever seeing you with no beard.

[@InrangeTv]

It was quite a few years ago.

[@kschleic9053]

I was listening and didn't notice the difference until I went back seeing this comment:) I think that is a sign of high quality, consistent performance in front of the camera (or authenticity on Karl's part!)

[@Morningstar_Actual]

Thanks so much for this video! Such cool content to see. Keep up the great work!

[@davidguerrero9270]

Great information, thank you for posting!

[@clivethomas4920]

Another excellent vid! Can't wait for the Apacheria content. Keep up the awesome work.

[@InrangeTv]

Coming soon!

[@juliusdream2683]

Actually this was a very good video. I knew a lot of this stuff but I definitely learned some new things. Very well done video 👍🏼🇺🇸…

[@dragdragon23]

That was a cool addition about the film company stampings and I thought I seen them before and It might be from another vintage special on TV of old guns and they didn't mention it.

[@PunchCatcher]

Never fails to impress. Quality content as awlays.

[@stephengiunta1564]

Great info.

[@Hawk1966]

A fascinating history of the development of the Trapdoor Springfield. Seeing Geronimo's personal weapon was amazing. It would be such an honor to hold his rifle.

[@xFlow150]

Awesome video!

[@atune2682]

very intersting video! thanks! We europeans dont know too much about the indian wars! except custer and little big horn :D very interesting topic!

[@danm7298]

Wow i didnt know this was actually the real geronimos rifle lol. I woulda put that in the title

[@GOINGNOMAD]

You forgot to put the links in for the live fire vid. I was looking forward to that. 😢

[@crucifyrobinhood]

As a member of the Choctaw nation you have my permission to use the term "Indian". Most of us simply don't care what you call us and frankly we are generally sick of the mollycoddling and whining on the part of some "Indian Advocates", be they Indians or not.

[@mervjb809]

I lived with Ojibwe Indians in NW Ontario for three years. They called themselves Indians and it was no big deal. Political correctness is way out of hand!!

[@jamesbinns8528]

I think Russell Means was quoted as saying something to the effect, "I was discriminated against as an Indian, jailed as an Indian, fought as an Indian- --- and will die as an Indian."

[@dannydadude]

YES, I REALLY DID ENJOY IT. THANKS.

[@derekp2674]

Thanks Karl, that was really interesting.

[@brenden561]

I love your Videos! great content and very informative!

[@iamnolegend483]

Always interesting.

[@Piloulegrand]

I know we will see the gun in action in a later video, but it would still have been nice to include a little bit (even if only 1 shot) of shooting in this one too

[@InrangeTv]

That’s in the next video.

[@traildogisla]

Great video

[@oubliette862]

that guy really had a grip on that gun.

[@JaymesEaston]

Thank you so much for your outstanding work. I have a question, how do you feel in the presence of Geronimo's rifle? When you held it could you feel it's “power?”. Geronimo was a shaman and healer in the Apache spiritual traditions, and any weapon, especially a rifle, would have been consecrated with his personal power for the well-being of his people, (family, band and tribe). Were you allowed to shoulder it, draw and aim?

[@rogeranderson6668]

Nice video my brother 🤠

[@InrangeTv]

Thanks!

[@C52507386]

Would love to hear more about the history of the various indigenous nations throughout the US, Mexico, and Canada.

[@tlk0216]

west point has his, it has beads on the buttstock if I remember, the also have sitting bulls axes.

[@jeanniebuchholz9923]

Thanks for the video.

[@magamexican6302]

Im jealous of those glasses. (And the geronimo rifle part)

[@randyjensrud3122]

Cool riffle my dad's girlfriend was fixing a wall in her home and found one of these

[@shawnotoole1421]

You showed us a rifle that is both a veteran AND a movie star!

[@joefw2446]

Interesting Thanks!

[@PaletoB]

Every scar bears a story. Together they form history and the rifle becomes the storyteller. That's why I don't own a single newly manufactured firearm. 😁

[@R281]

It's nice to start your own story

[@davidbrennan660]

Interesting content.

[@moosemaimer]

If you've never seen the Organ of Muskets it is a thing to behold.

[@Grandpa82547]

Interesting piece of history.

[@Ibewsparky68]

Nice video

[@johnhickey4289]

Great content, as a History buff, Geronimo (Golaaye) was an interesting man

[@djowen5192]

Fascinating.

[@KR-hg8be]

Another fantastic video. Would you recommend buying an original trapdoor or a modern replica if I wanted to be able to shoot it somewhat often?

[@richardelliott9511]

I'm not Karl and I would rather have fair condition original one to shoot, even with being limited to blackpowder. If you want be able to shoot modern smokeless ammo then get a repro. I did buy an original a few years ago that I had hoped to be able to shoot. Bought it sight unseen and it turned out to be a little too far gone for me to trust to shoot but the price was low enough that I was still happy to have it and it makes for a great wall hanger. Enjoy your search.

[@alangilman6711]

great content!

[@Angelum_Band]

G o og l e is the alternate virtual world. InRange is the reality.

[@pjbarney9580]

Did the 50-70 have any terminal balistic advantage over the 45-70

[@InrangeTv]

No.

[@nightmantis1]

nice!

[@InrangeTv]

Thanks!

[@markburrell2778]

Good.

[@Goofbird76]

I have something like that from my grandpa

[@erikdijkshoorn3231]

I have a shirt like that ;-) Bought it in Norco at the End of trail...

[@CWfist]

I remember being like 8 years old, and watching those western TV shows,,, they always portrayed the bad corrupt white man selling guns to the Indians, and that meant trouble and war. We grew up and were programed to think the Indians were the savages and the US troops were the good guys, Now I know, they were just defending their land and their way of living. Thank you for this fascinating story, I am now a subscriber.

[@johnsmith-gk4td]

Where does the .577 Snider Enfield fit into this story?

[@juiceFORfunNOTyet]

Спасибо за видео, коммент в поддержку канала

[@MarkHansen1990]

Another great lesson of the west.

[@JerryEricsson]

Wow, I love your videos, you sir, are a great story teller! The only Trapdoor I ever had in my hands was a true basket case brought to me by a native American who lived on the Fort Totten Reservation. He didn't tell me any background really, his wife worked with mine at the local nursing home and the ladies talk, as they will, he learned I was a part time gun smith, and wanted to know if I could put the parts back together and make a wall hanger out of them. The stock was in pieces but all the steel was there and it was in fair condition. So I went to work, first cleaning up the stock as well as I could, while saving the finish as best as I could, epoxied the parts together using steel and wooden dowels to re-enforce the stock where it needed strength (I rebuilt it thinking he may well try to fire it some day as the bore was very good) I asked him about re-blueing and he wanted that done, so I polished the steel very carefully to maintain the wonderful lines of the classic rifle and the next bluing day we had, I ran her through the tanks. She came out very nice actually. When it was done, I would not have been afraid to fire it, and asked the fellow if he wanted me to test fire the rifle, as I always did that when repairing firearms, he said yes, so I put ten rounds through her of commercial .45-70 ammo, which, as you know is really lightly loaded for the older guns. It was still shooting fairly accurately, when I returned the rifle he was thrilled with the results, in addition to paying his bill he brought me another box. It was filled with old guns, nothing classic, just old single shot shot guns, a replica black powder kit that someone had tried to build and failed completely and a few .22 rifles. He also brought me a replica of the .45-70 that he had purchased so we could compare the old one to the new model, I had to say the old pelter looked, well much more historic.

[@AurelianV]

Great video

[@Paul-rp1ld]

I've seen the picture of Geronimo kneeling with his rifle many times and always wondered what rifle it was. This is a very good video and is good to know that the rifle still exist and is well taken care of.

[@cyrus6250]

Take a look at the picture again, that is a different rifle.

[@enscroggs]

Cyrus is correct. The kneeling photograph is a posed picture in a studio. (You can see the cloth backdrop.) It was likely taken around 1900 for the souvenir trade. The rifle was probably a prop belonging to the photographer. Here's a picture of a much younger Geronimo posing with his trapdoor Springfield -- lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/EXJRFqPQQj7M-W2aSd_2Vrh-ufP92yWQswC0cgyKtizlIb2MezR6cR7HxydpseNmS_uF0fVjmyY1HTlaHQipHs2Bj08w6rZvbwbXPyrJ4hlNkXAy0MRQapabFFnGoeDf4Boz9bLyGgmyLgIoWOOC30Cy

[@MarvinCZ]

It's a different rifle. The picture was taken in 1887, 10 years after he surrendered this rifle.

[@antkoz6370]

@@MarvinCZ I wonder what he felt picking that rifle up after that time?

[@sparky191]

Very interesting, to those of us unfamiliar with American history

[@ST-zm3lm]

It’s always amusing to see the characteristic cracks on the wrist of just about every trapdoor ever

[@tamlandipper29]

Why are they so common?

[@ST-zm3lm]

@@tamlandipper29 I’m inclined to say either the wear is sufficient that the wrists can’t stand up to much firing beyond that point or more likely that they would’ve been better served to install a recoil lug somewhere around there 🤔 Otherwise it could be from people using overly hot or outright dangerous loadings in their rifles

[@stitch626aloha]

The trapdoor was in hindsight, the worst rifle ever built. Not only was the recoil half again more powerful than the .58cal muskets, it ripped off 1 out of four cartridge rims, jamming on a lethally regular basis, as seen by Gen. Custer. The Spencer, while a vastly more restrictive design due to its action, was a vastly better rifle. The Spencer DID require a lot more force to cycle, but it was also much more rugged, and had been built from the ground up with the equivalent of three tangs: trigger tang, receiver tang, and magazine tube lug.

[@ST-zm3lm]

@@stitch626aloha I wouldn’t necessarily agree with the assertion that it’s the worst rifle ever made, but it definitely had its flaws. Regarding the ripped case heads, metallic cartridge technology was in its infancy, and it can be argued that poor quality control on ammunition would be more to blame than a stout positive extraction. The Spencer was a more modern system, but far more resource and cost-intensive for a government intent on spending as little money on the army as humanly possible. The trapdoor was far from ideal, but it was a simple and (mostly) effective solution for a frontier army of the time, though it rapidly began to show its age with the widespread proliferation of the Winchester rifles and carbines. I can’t really say there’s any well-known widely used firearm from that period that I would characterize as utterly awful, they all had their strengths and weaknesses.

[@InrangeTv]

The Spencer is far LESS rugged and likely to malfunction than the Trapdoor and the Trapdoor is a very effective and rugged rifle. I don't know where some of you are getting your knowledge but I can tell you it's not from practical (actual) use.

[@burntorangeak]

"I should have never surrendered. I should have fought until I was the last man alive." -Goyahkla (Geronimo)

[@stanpressley8136]

Was that before or after he got rich and toured the world

[@burntorangeak]

@@stanpressley8136 He died in a prison camp for native Americans in the state of Florida.

[@stanpressley8136]

@@burntorangeak Study your history what he did also

[@SolidSioux1987]

@@stanpressley8136 can you provide some evidence to this claim that Geronimo got rich and toured the world? Everything I have been able to find suggests he made a meager living doing forced shows while a prisoner but nothing about him leaving the country or being rich.

[@CWfist]

Words to live by even today in 2021

[@Pilot4prophet661]

Has anyone noticed that the Apaches were carrying more than ten rounds? When a government wants to limit yer ammo, it's time to get more.

[@lorax6001]

You can say what you want but Inrange tv and forgotten weapons are some of the most informative firearms channels without any of the political and ideological bs of other channels. Its a good thing we got you guys.

[@MrJonsonville5]

Exactly, thanks for noticing that. These are my favorite firearms related channels because as a lefty who appreciates and respects firearms (both as the tools they are and the history behind them), most of the other channels are either off-putting or unwatchable (to me), filled with political ideology and straight up misinformation. I appreciate the few channels that leave all that BS out because it really isn't a political issue, nor should it be. The people who keep trying to make it one are the ones who have a financial motive to pit Americans against eachother and it's just so old.

[@ActionCow69]

@@kevinrobinson5654 lefty doesn't mean Democrat. Plenty of us are fed up with both parties.

[@Ducaso]

@@kevinrobinson5654 A leftist is not a Democrat.

[@warpartyattheoutpost4987]

Congratulations, @@MrJonsonville5! You've found a "safe place" and it's not in a "gun free zone"!

[@MrJonsonville5]

@@ActionCow69 democrats are far too right wing for me. I dropped my party affiliation with them after the 2020 primaries when they overtly stole the nomination from Bernie for the second time. The GOP swung from center right to straight up autocratic fascism in the last 10 years, and the democrats have swung from center left to conservative over the last 30 years. Even Reagan and Bush I knew climate change was a problem that needed to be tackled, and were for amnesty of those we now call "dreamers" (undocumented immigrants who were brought here as children and know no other country as their home). And when you say "safe space," are you talking like the underground bunkers of the Qtards and peppers? Or the Twitter alternatives fascists flocked to because they couldn't handle seeing brown people and gay people getting rights? You mean those kinds of safe spaces? Cuz last I checked, choosing not to watch something in America was a freedom we still have. The days of forced ideological propaganda video watching aren't here yet. Maybe if you guys had gathered more than 800 people in your little failed coup last January things would be different....but as long as this is still the USA I still have the right to watch (or not watch) whatever I want. I almost didn't even respond to your comment, because it's impossible to take people who use terms like "safe spaces" seriously...as soon as you dodge civil discourse in favor of hyperbolic BS, you've already lost the ability to be seen as a serious person worth having substantive discussion with.

[@briarus1000]

i was not prepared to see Geronimo's rifle no matter what the title said

[@bradleygraham896]

The older I get the more I appreciate the old warhorses ....wonder if there is a correlation. In Range never fails to impress.

[@jkf9765]

This is amazing, I’ve seen Geronimo’s grave at Fort Sill but actually being able to hold a piece of history like that is truly awesome.

[@realifethunder]

Yeah I always thought that was an interesting cemetery.

[@realifethunder]

@@johnqpublic2718 I was stationed there from 2011-2014, so I went there or drove past it all the time. Showed family who came to visit too.

[@Courier-Six]

Same. Kinda one of the places you have to visit when you go to basic training there. It is especially haunting if you march by it in the early morning right at sunrise like we did

[@jkf9765]

@@johnqpublic2718 went there to learn how to be a forward observer about ten years ago. Family actually left the Reno reservation there around 1900, I think I may have been the first one of our family to go back to fort sill.

[@samjones4772]

Ran by that place weekly for many a years

[@zoyuomg5934]

Congrats on 400k subs Karl!

[@InrangeTv]

Thanks!

[@ikopi56]

I remember reading an account of the forensic analysis of the battle at the Greasy Grass. The tribes used captured ammunition and weapons against the troopers. Some split cases. And one of the rifles in the museum's collection was ballistic ally proven to have been at the battle.

[@JerryEricsson]

A few years back my sister, her husband, me and my wife decided to visit Yellowstone. We lived east of Montana, so our trip took us past the Little Bighorn battlefield. Being an old cavalryman (3rd Armored Cav BRAVE RIFLES!) I just had to stop and pay homage to my fellow troopers. We spent three days wondering the battle ground, leaving our motor homes parked at a nearby campground and driving to the site daily. Our old fart green cards allowed us free access to the park. Just walking the ground is an amazing experience, the grave stones placed where the troopers fell, the large grave where the horses were buried, and other memorials. You could spend hours wondering through the small museum that is on the grounds. I think I was more amazed by the battle field then Yellowstone, where we spent a week seeing the sights and playing pinochle at night in our rigs. I have found memories as it was the last trip we were able to take together. Today, I am the last one alive of the four of us. I still have my motor home in the back yard but the weeds are invading the engine compartment and surrounding the rig. With no co-pilot there is no joy in setting behind that wheel and the urge to be once again nomadic left me as we buried my wonderful wife of 51 years and 4 days up on the hill that overlooks the town. Getting old sucks.

[@JL-dance]

@@JerryEricsson i did not expect to see such a heart warming story in the comments of this video. Have a good day old man :)

[@beng3048]

@@JerryEricsson Sorry Jerry, hope things get better for you.

[@SuperOtter13]

@@JerryEricsson condolences sir. Having those memories is gold

[@Stigstigster]

@@JerryEricsson That is the most moving thing I have read in quite some time, Jerry. Thank you for sharing that with us and I wish you all the best with sincere regards.

[@markbooth5268]

That must have been such a rush to hold that rifle, I once got to hold a musket that was used by the milita at the battle of Lexington and Concord and it was a special feeling.

[@GliderBane]

This is just to bump the video. If that is too boring, just imagine I am raging against Carl for some perceived heresy against the gun world.

[@Whitpusmc]

Man I’m tired, I had to read your note three times trying to figure out what was bothering you. My bad. Bump away.

[@evanwickstrom5698]

[insert generic snarky rebuttal full of opinions with no cited sources]

[@Whitpusmc]

@@evanwickstrom5698 No, no no. My grandfather’s best friend who was killed in the war before I was born told me that he had one and that gun could shoot around corners if you cut off the buttplate sear.

[@pete3767]

I'm going to add my throwaway algorithmic funtimes comment here, because why not. Keep it up Karl!

[@Whitpusmc]

@@pete3767 Welcome to the “for the algorithm club.” We should get T-shirts…

[@mcnuttington7122]

As a white mountain apache native appreciate this vid even tho Geronimo was muscalaro

[@warpartyattheoutpost4987]

The procurement of arms by indigenous people is a topic that needs more research. Which is why it won't get any.

[@warpartyattheoutpost4987]

@@johnladuke6475... throughout history around the world indigenous people have been supplied with weapons and used as front line troops by competing empires and colonial powers in their proxy wars. The motives of these suppliers are rarely altruistic and I'd like to see more historical accountability... so, yes "we need to find out who's been selling guns to the Indians!" I get your point that some people might misinterpret my original post, but most of those people are just looking for something to twist outta context anyway.

[@mascadadelpantion8018]

Ever since I was a little kid I was looking at Geronimo as a hero. There's even a huge mural dedicated to him in San Diego California that I remember. It was not that far from the house I grew up in

[@jackusmc2542]

I wonder if Geronimo might have contoured the stock to fit him?

[@tortron]

@@itsapittie I was watching something on swords the other day and the same thing happens with them, the side close to the rider wears away on the hilt from riding

[@SuperOtter13]

I was wondering the same thing. Maybe the stock was shaved to lower the weight of the gun? Seems like an awfully large amount of wear to reduce the profile so evenly. Seems like if it was saddle wear it would be more worn on one side. But it looked fairly even to me

[@Krazyabe]

I would not doubt it. He took the time to decorate it with the brass tacks and it seems likely he would have preferred a lighter rifle

[@andreasbachlindsmann1610]

The rifle also looks shorter.

[@andreluislimaa]

i know it may sound a bit sappy or something but....the mere idea of seeing, much less touching such historical object makes my heart race!!!!!! keep up the AWESOME work Karl!!!