Han Dynasty vs Xiongnu Empire - 200 Years War of Civilizations (Complete Series)

The Han-Xiongnu War was a generational war between two great civilizations, the sedentary Chinese Han Dynasty and the nomadic Xiongnu Empire.
🕒[TIMESTAMP]🕒
0:00 Origin of the Han Dynasty
0:52 Who were the Xiongnu?
3:00 Steppe life
5:54 Modu Chanyu
10:24 Qin - Han Dynasty Transition
10:57 First Han - Xiongnu conflict
15:00 Han's Defeat and Heqin Appeasement
20:58 Han Wudi's rise to power
26:32 The Beginning of Han - Xiongnu War
29:12 Military Situation
30:38 Han Wudi's Generals
33:06 Turning the Tide of War
38:10 Battle of Mobei
41:49 What happened to the Xiongnu?
44:45 Xiongnu Tribe Hierarchy & Dynamics
46:14 North South Xiongnu Split
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Qin Dynasty Origin
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📚SOURCES:
Sima Qian (司馬遷), Shiji (史記)
Sima Qian (司馬遷) Translated by Burton Watson, Records of the Grand Historian.
Hyun Jin Kim, 2017, The political organization of steppe empires and their contribution to Eurasian inter-connectivity.
Hyun Jin Kim, 2015, The Huns.
Kradin Nikolai, 2008, Structure of Power in Nomadic Empires of Inner Asia: Anthropological
Approach.
Edwin Yamauchi, 2003, Foes from the Northern Frontier.
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#History #Documentary #Asia

[@CoolHistoryBros]

Hey all, I am currently working the the link between ancient Persia and East Asia (Japan, Korea & China). The video is taking a bit longer to produce due to other arrangements. In the meantime, here is a compiled video on the full Han-Xiongnu War series.

[@foxdoesyoutube2621]

RAID DAY!WOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

[@xzhou]

Yes please! Dali Kingdom and Ryukyu Kingdom are pretty interesting too! :D

[@johnyricco1220]

I’d love to see something about Peroz and the Sassanid exiles in China

[@perrytran9504]

I've seen the idea passed around that the East Asian lion dance had an Iranian origin due to lions not being native to East Asia, but to my knowledge modern celebrations of the Persian New Year feature no similar traditions. Is there any hard evidence of a historical link, or at least when the lion dance first became established in East Asia?

[@johnyricco1220]

@@perrytran9504 Legend has it a Tang dynasty emperor dreamt he was saved by a lion and it became a symbol of a powerful protector

[@antwan1357]

So basically the stabilization of the Han pushed the nomads to seek easier pickings forcing them to move west causing a domino effect until you end up with this huge nomadic army in the Europe ,.

[@ulyssis]

Yes, 'domino' is a legit way to describe this procesd.

[@matheuskawata7841]

The Great Domino Game literaly dominated the Steppes until the formation of the great empires, be in Eastern Europe(like Russia) or in Persia/Anatolia( like the Ottomans and the Safavids). Heck, Russia still had to contend with raiders and khanates on their borders up to the 19th Century

[@angermacfadden2702]

"My liege, we have examined their gear it all says 'Made near China'"

[@BygoneChina]

I really like this longer format, it feels like I am watching a full length feature documentary!

[@HEEHEEBOII]

Just put it in perspective, after the Xiongnu left Asia, they ravaged the European steppes and raided and almost destroyed Roman Empire lol.

[@DeidaraSanji]

They did destroy Roman Empire

[@Paper_titan]

@@DeidaraSanji no they didn't. It was the Germans. Primarily the Visigoths and ostrogoths. The Eastern Rome still lasted almost entirely in tact, while the Huns broke apart after Atillas death

[@adrianciobanu5856]

@@DeidaraSanji roman empireu was destroed by Gets bigest tribes of tracians from Romania Moldova Ucraina ho take name got after edict of Caligula in 216 AC to kill getz bicose they are majority of empire population, ithen swedish historic in 1774 saed 3/4 of Big Macedonia and Tesalia are valahians Pind Tracia and Albania 50% are south valahians ,now they a named Aromâni , plus ofcourse all Dacia Moesia Panonia Istria Dalmația was getians

[@brainblox5629]

@@Paper_titan Technically, one of their successors (Ottoman Turks, Seljuk Turks) destroyed the Eastern Roman Empire. The Western of course fell to the Goths. Atilla was "scared off" by the Pope.

[@Paper_titan]

@@brainblox5629 the ottomans are too far removed from them terms of time, culture, language, and religion that I wouldn't really call them a successor any more than Iran is a successor of the Seleucid empire

[@TheWildManEnkidu]

This has taught me that when the Xiongnu weren't using their bows, their hands and arms were still frozen in an archer's grip. It must have been a terrible affliction. The more you know!

[@CoolHistoryBros]

This affliction is called Budget Deficiency. 🤣🤣🤣

[@Spartan265]

Slightly drunk but fucking hell I love history. Chinese history is fascinating and while I'm most familiar with the Three Kingdoms era every era of Chinese history is really interesting. Seriously history is so god damn cool. If I was a billionaire I'd fund so many historical tv shows. Accurate ones spoken in the native language and following history as much as possible. Clothes, weapons, etc would all be historically accurate. No fake shit made for entertainment purposes.

[@HEEHEEBOII]

You should really look into Ming - Qing history. I find it the most fascinating, and you can see some reflection of this part of the history in modern government policies. If you want to learn about Chinese foreign policies, read into the spring-autumn and warring states era. I guess there is a benefit in modern day if your culture survived 5000 years despite being pillaged by nomads and barbarians over and over again.

[@polishpat95]

We share the exact same PASSION!!! For history in general!

[@yuanzeli2887]

@@polishpat95 could we be friend？

[@Bravco509]

This is my favorite channel. Thank you for doing what you do.

[@thelastofthexianbei6126]

Now the mighty Xiongnu appear on youtube comments as keyboard warriors.

[@perrytran9504]

And among those keyboard warriors are Turkish nationalists who feel the need to claim everyone who ever rode a horse was a Turk.

[@banana4u204]

🤣🤣

[@bodatotalitarian7278]

mighty Anatolians Xiongnu comment warriors raiding every nomad related videos WE WUZ Şcythıan, Şaka, Yuezhı, Xıönğnü, Attilâ, Avar, Tabğac, Soğdıan, Kyrğyz, Uyğür, Khıtan, Cengiz Han, Jurçen, Mançu, Safavıd, Muğhal n shıetttt Çinliler afraid of us Anatolian and built the great wall TÜRAN cCc amk Osmanlı İmparatorluğu 2023 🇹🇷🇦🇿🇰🇬🇲🇳🇹🇯🇮🇱🇦🇲🇰🇪🇵🇰🇪🇪🇰🇷🇰🇿🇳🇬🇸🇦🇯🇵🇹🇳🇬🇷🇫🇮🇹🇲🇺🇿 🐺🤘

[@yaralikatil]

Since when has sharing academic and historical resources been a keyboard warriorness ? 🤪

[@yaralikatil]

The facts must have hurt someone haha

[@angelinaandersonbaires7702]

The Best!! Keep em coming!!

[@glenmyers1985]

Please do more of the longer format I much prefer it so that I can watch all of particular series in one go

[@ergbudster3333]

So much information here! Quite wonderful and amazing.

[@dylanrodrigues]

This video was amazing! Chinese history is already super interesting but your presentation made it even more fun to learn about... can't wait to watch the rest of the videos on this channel.

[@rodolfogonzalez724]

Excelent work..you área amazing

[@garydagg9112]

Just found this channel. Looks really good

[@MrJuggernautishere]

fantastic and detailed work..thank you

[@E.C.GoMusicandMore]

Thank you for the video!

[@noobzaebot]

Great content!!

[@brucefrizzell4221]

The longer format is very nice .

[@sunionbro8806]

Incredible work

[@TheGereDeli]

i love your style of telling stories. very good channel and finaly i know how to pronounce Yuezhi

[@kidd32888]

Wow your videos are so amazing

[@teazy1088]

So good I had to watch it twice.

[@ck1416]

thank you for the video

[@logank444]

I love how I can find great content on Chinese history. When I was a kid I would go to my small town library and get books on history. We had one book about chinese history. I can finally catch up on such great stories

[@efektmagazas2345]

Xiongnu is not Chinese

[@joshuahernandez3216]

Man, I can't wait to watch all these video. I like the sense of humor in them as well. I lived in China for 5 years. I didn't get as much out of it as I would have wish would have happened. Back in the USA, well, at least I won't have to use a VPN to access KZbin anymore. hahaha

[@mvee05]

great channel!!!

[@sebastianjuara]

love your channel!

[@BruteFrostLord]

u deserve millions of subs for these types of quality content n information

[@yamsandpotatoes4243]

one topic that would be cool for u to do a video on is the early yellow river civs like san xin dui, xia dynasty, shang bronze culture, and maybe early zhou and their technologies. it starts to become a blurr btwn history and myth so that period is amazing to study with those new found artifacts etc

[@papazataklaattiranimam]

Good video as always

[@roe2012]

Modu identified as villain antagonist for having ordering killing of his father, his army each own father horse, favourite wife, mother in law, and the list goes on.

[@Rainbow-zz9oi]

AWSOME VIDEO DAMNNNNN

[@metalbasher820]

20:20 suddenly Liu Bang sound like a good leader despite the creator said he is shameless at 14:42

[@ElBandito]

All rulers had good and bad sides.

[@shadowrain3513]

Well he betrayed his sworn sibling even if is for the good of the people

[@dharmdevil]

This world is not black and white

[@angermacfadden2702]

He had no shame in terms of surviving was my takeaway. zwilling to do whatever to not die XF

[@Reader_curiosity]

The relationship between China and the steppe peoples, namely the Turks and the Mongols, is rooted and reciprocal. Both sides benefited from the other. And it's not just about military conflict. It is similar to the relationship of the Romans with the peoples of Western Europe such as Germans and Celtic. The Romans spread their civilization in Western Europe and the Germanic and Celtic peoples were able to absorb the Roman civilization and build on it. And also China has spread their civilization among the peoples of the steppes, the Turks and the Mongols, since the era of the Xiongnu Empire. The Turks and the Mongols built their various civilizations of Chinese elements.

[@Mukalio]

Which Chinese elements?

[@Ye_fan.]

@@Mukalio bloodline. I'm not sure about the Turks, but the Xiongnu are a branch of the Han people, and Mongolia also has Han blood. The Mongols are descendants of Xianbei, and Xianbei itself has Han blood. For example, Genghis Khan Temujin has Liu Bang lineage. And their clothing. For example, in the simplest case, they were all beneficiaries of the Han Dynasty's outbreak of iron civilization, otherwise why do you think they could conquer various places? It can be said that the nomadic people have a spillover effect mainly from China, and their technology is metabolic. Otherwise,They don't even have their own cultural system, such as clothing, let alone war. Didn't you notice that their equipment, such as armor, is in Chinese style?

[@Ye_fan.]

@@Mukalio The original Xiongnu people are now in Shanxi, China, but their identity has been changed to Han. And the Mongols are still Mongols. Turkic people are also present in China. Modern countries are mainly located in Central Asia, Kazakhstan, and where the Tang Dynasty was a part of China. These nomadic ethnic groups have historically been ethnic minorities in China.

[@commie5211]

@@Mukalio Depends on the time period, from steel weapons to gun powder, religion, food. the Han got a lot of nomadic people as well.

[@Kpop_stole_foids_fromcurrycell]

xiong nu was turkic@@Ye_fan.

[@tonbopro]

nice compile ver，very nice

[@user-eg2gm9ic3v]

The Han Dynasty is one of the strongest periods of the ancient China, defeated the North Super Power xiongnu, from then on，the ancient China became the superpower of East Asia

[@erolguler1352]

Can you do a video covering the Göktürk Khaganate & Tang Dynasty?

[@redschadow4887]

Oh ok that is a whole Series condensed into one Video and Cool History bros if you are reading this i am looking forward to when you will cover the yuan dynastie

[@paiwanhan]

Hu (胡) and Xiongnu (匈奴) are just different phonetic transliterations for the same word, *qaɣan, which was the origin for the word khan, but shifted to Hun and other pronunciations with sound changes. The more ancient Hu (/*[ɡ]ˤa/ in OC) drops the n from the syllable, and the newer Xiongnu (/*qʰ(r)oŋˤnˤa/) has a separate syllable to represent the n. Subsequent transliterations in Chinses for this word includes 汗, 可汗, and 可寒.

[@Moses_VII]

That word you wrote in IPA, can it be transliterated roughly as قغن in Arabic script?

[@salidjanovamuattar1782]

Bro. Lets connect

[@miketacos9034]

It's amazing how interconnected the classical world actually was.

[@Moses_VII]

Loved the John Green reference

[@AJ-et3vf]

great video! Thank you!

[@RayNaraine]

Excellent information. I would love to see a link between China and India, two very old civilizations. What are their mutual connection points? This would be useful and “maybe” unifying given the current tensions between the two.

[@t.yiachan869]

Awesome, you deserve more view and subscribers than this

[@mmorpg9564]

胡 is a hieroglyph, 月 is the human body 古 is a morin khuur(马头琴horse head qin)

[@mmorpg9564]

肺 lung 肝 liver 胆 gall 脸 face 胃 stomach 脾 spleen 肾 kidney 腿 leg 臂 arm 腕 wrist 肘 elbow 膝 knee 脚 foot 肠 bowel

[@munken7673]

Will their be a video in how ancient chinese names and titles worked? and Sorry for my bad english

[@namkaengpancharat9031]

Big fan of your work here. ❤️ ❤️ ❤️

[@Cisco661Barber]

Ngl some of these videos have helped me sleep

[@partyklos]

Great complement to youtube history

[@shogun2heroicvictories15]

In its own right, its amazing how much influence ancient Chinese kingdoms and empires had on Europe, with the migration and expansion of their northern rivals. Its also amazing how these kingdoms and dynasties just absorbed any who wanted to join in the end.

[@architect8675]

Isn't Liu Bang the luckiest guy in like, ever? - Escaping death when he let a group of labor prisoners flee - Wining against the strongest warrior in Chinese history (Xiang Yu) - Escaping again from death in the battle of Baideng - Getting a peace treat after his escape

[@The_Art_of_AI_888]

It's called "Mandate of Heaven". Too much luck. It was like "some one" was looking after him...

[@ElBandito]

@@The_Art_of_AI_888 Nah, the trick is "shamlessness".

[@yokgor4675]

It’s because he’s not as arrogant and egotistic as Xiang Yu. He knows the limit of his capabilities and he listens to others, that’s why people follows him, he allows talented people to shine, the same people who plays the key role in helping him defeat Xiang Yu.

[@ElBandito]

@@yokgor4675 And after that, Liu Bang betrays them all and kill or demote them.

[@yokgor4675]

@@ElBandito Han Xing the army’s commander is the only one that got a bad ending out of the big three, Zhang Liang retired early and I don’t think Xiao He got killed or demoted, and it’s likely that empress Lu is the one that had Han Xing killed, not Liu Bang.

[@johnk2149]

how are you? I like your topic. I have a question. the border line between Han dynasty and Josun was Pae Sui. Pae Sui was Taiza River in Liao area not in the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. What do you think?

[@HEEHEEBOII]

One correction on Liu Bang, Han Xin did not win most of the wars for him, Han Xin joined during the latter half of his campaign. Despite Han Xin being touted as the real God of War, he actually lost a crucial battle against Xiang Yu. However, he did manage to win one before too and ultimately led to the fall of Xiang Yu and Chu Kingdom. In terms of domestic policies and foreign policies he was no match for Liu Bang. The reason why Liu Bang demoted him and ultimately killed him was because once Han Xing got control of most of the army, he decided to force Liu Bang to crown him Prince of Qi, BEFORE Xiang Yu was totally defeated. As his boss, Liu Bang was pissed, which ultimately led to his down fall. However, in most Chinese historian's mind, the real God of War was actually Zhang Liang, whom was with Liu Bang from the beginning and aided him in his early success from nothing. Many people love Han Xin because his story has been romanticized as a story of an underdog, came from nothing and became a great military genius. Basically same way how people worship Liu Bei but hate Cao Cao, when in reality Cao Cao was probably one of the greatest military, political geniuses and scholars in ancient Chinese history.

[@Snow-hv8gg]

Liu Bang spent most of time fighting with Xiang Yu himself to ditract Xiang Yu. The historical text gave the impression that Liu was always beaten the shit out of himself by Xiang Yu, but strangely all the battles between Liu and Xiang happened on Xiang's terriotory. Xiang never got to actually eliminate the force of Liu. And Liu just kept attacking Xiang. Liu was the one who actually had the initiative. With Xiang being tired of handling Liu's attack, Han Xin had the opportunity and space to eliminate other warlords who were allies with Xiang Yu. In the end, Xiang got defeated because all of his allies were destroyed.

[@HEEHEEBOII]

@@Snow-hv8gg Yes agree, this is a very good point you make.

[@TheExtraterrestrial99]

Zhang Liang is not God of war, he is known as 某圣(Strategist Sage/Saint). He give Liu Bang strategist and politics move, like who to use, where to go or settle for the moment and more. He is not exactly a war strategist. Ten God of war in China: -Bai Qi (Greatest contributor for Qin. Involved in a lot of wars, include the biggest war in the history. Never lost a war in his whole life. Known as the Executioner/human butcher. Also refer as Grim Reaper by the later generations. A truly God of war of China. -Han Xin (Acknowledge for how flex he is in using the soldier and military strategy. He is known as 兵仙) -Xiang Yu (for his bravery and 2 famous battle that win against way large troops with a lot smaller one. BATTLE OF Ju Lu and Battle of Pang Cheng) -Liu Xiu (From a commoner with loyalty blood who seek opportunity in chaotic era, with politics and war, to became the founding emperor of Eastern Han.) -Wei Qing (Fierce and credited in a lot of battle) -Li Mu (His significance one war with XiongNu cause them heavy loss and never attack again for nearly ten years. Defence and fight against Qin, Han and Wei, never loss a war until Qin drive a wedge between the King he serve to against him by remove his military power and eventually kill him. Zhao country exterminated after his death. -Sun Wu (A lot of battles and wars. Creator of the book Art Of War.) -Chen Qing Zhi (An accompanion of Emperor, never be use by the emperor in war, he is also physically weak but full of war strategist. Until the age of 41, the emperor originally want him to pretend he is doing something by only giving 7000 soldiers. He end up winning 47 battles, 32 cities, reclaimed a lot of territory from Bei Wei huge army, without losing a battle in those war) -Xu Da (Participate in a lot of war, contributed a lot in the formation of Ming Dynasty, one of its founding fathers) Yuan Chong Huan (Military strategist. Biggest defence and nemesis of Juchen people[Manchuria]. Even after his death, the defence system he left still remain unbreakable until the betrayal of Wu Sangui) Edit: There are also Huo Qu Bing, Lv Shang(aka Jiang Zi Ya) and others.

[@yuanzeli2887]

@@TheExtraterrestrial99also yuefei sudingfang liuyu lishimin zhudi

[@maxily9240]

@@TheExtraterrestrial99 what about Yue Fei of Song?

[@zollen123]

This is *the* war to define the future of all civilizations.

[@HuyNguyen-nd5tc]

nice

[@boulderbash19700209]

"Oh my god, we are not wimps!" LOL

[@ren2630]

Yo cool history bros you working on a 3 kingdoms video?

[@XueYangbaby]

Enjoyed watching this as a Hungarian. Attila is a great man to us Hungarians. Sad thing though, that the name: "Scorge of God" is mentioned ín a negative way with Attila, yet it should be used as a positive description. For us Menrot/Nimrod means the most. We have the story of Yotengrit and Arvisura too. We are hated in Europe, we are Scythians/Saka.

[@cem6681]

We are the descendants of Alper Tunga, who made a wine glass in the skull of the Persian king thousands of years ago. Our civilization and knowledge will make us who we are forever. 🐺

[@birdun489]

Cengizhan da öyle diyor du yani kötü değil tanrıya bağlıyım tanrının askeriyim diyor

[@user-cg2tw8pw7j]

​@@cem6681Persian: Ha-ha-ha-ha-ha

[@ShinigamiInuyasha777]

It's interesting to see how a lot of nomads cultures share a lot of similarities. Like, i watch this video about the Huns in China, or the mongols and they remind me a lot of how the tehuelches, ranqueles and mapuches of Argentina and Chile lived!

[@Native_Creation]

and Comanche/Apache/Chichimecans in N. America

[@Shin-Chara]

Geography is destiny.

[@xanshen9011]

Becuase the Huns and the natives of America both descended from Ancient North Eurasians.

[@Shin-Chara]

@@xanshen9011 It's because they lived in similar geographical conditions suitable for a nomadic lifestyle based on grazing of animals. People survive by adapting to conditions around them, and this decides what form of society can exist in any given area. All native Americans descended from people who had originated from the Asian steppes, but they didn't all live the lifestyles of steppe nomads. In other parts of the landmass, agriculture was the more suitable and therefore prevailing means of survival.

[@drswag0076]

i think Modu was the inspiration of the Hun leader, Shan Yu in the 1998 Disney movie Mulan. after all his name is a version of the title of Chanyu. Mat Pat from Film Theory made a joke involving people from the future watching a movie about the U.S involving a person named Prez O' Dent. which is just president.

[@derpyguy]

28:13 "Thanks, king" -Junchen Chanyu

[@Bonobape]

05:34 Oh no!.. Step Tribes what are you doing!?

[@godzillamothra5983]

Chinese emperor: Who attack our border? General: Hu people, your majesty Chinese emperor: yeah, Who? General: Umm..Hu, sire. Chinese emperor: That's what I asked you, Who?

[@xingshi8000]

tao, yeah

[@shyanleo943]

@@xingshi8000 hu tao mains

[@shyanleo943]

rush hour refence? :P

[@wetot2]

Hu people or the Tartar

[@therearenoshortcuts9868]

@7:57 behaviouralism training in effect rofl

[@sungitee8981]

请问能否在视频中加入字幕 英文也行

[@siendut123]

I learn many of the generals name from playing Blood of Steel

[@melompat]

6:48 that's what great person always does

[@justinianthegreat1444]

Can you make a video about how China heard about the Roman Empire?

[@prastagus3]

Biggest difference between Xiongnu and other nomads with Mongolians was that Mongolian conquests were commercial driven by Silk Road profits. They cut out middlemen after middlemen and then conquer the source of wealth of the Silk Road, the Song dynasty.

[@aydnmesuttorun8397]

Silk road wasn’t established during xiongnu yet I think… at least not in their early periods

[@prastagus3]

@@aydnmesuttorun8397 It was not called the Silk Road at the time but there was established trade routes already

[@aydnmesuttorun8397]

@@prastagus3 yea I was talking about the more systematic Silk Road which was established just before 0 as I think

[@insaneweasel1]

So when did the xiongnu become spurdo spärde huns?

[@axelstudio42]

Just a smaller part of them, mainly consists of Turkic and tiny bit of Iranic people moved west and became known as western Huns. Rest of them were mostly Mongolic tribes, and later built different kingdoms and empires.

[@user-xy6tm2fm2u]

很讚的視頻，可惜沒有漢語😅

[@whisper6534]

Up!

[@xybety]

I just had three kingdom ad

[@topgears7775]

During the second and third century a.d. the Parthian empire have come in contact with the huns for the first time and they managed to repel several Hunnic invasions due to their similar lifestyle and great knowledge of mounted warfare & horseback archery skills, but during the Persian Sasanian era, despite winning some battles they agreed to give away some lands to the huns in order to make permanent peace with them since Persian Empire at that time was in war with the Romans and had also constantly fighting rebellion uprising in Arabia, the Sasanians even moved some of Hunnic population into their own lands (Norther Azerbaijan) and placed them close to boarders of Armenia & Romans in Anatolia, this was the first Turkic group who owned lands in the middle east and they were known for they great skills in horseback warfare. The Romans how ever were not blessed with the knowledge of mounted warfare and the Huns eventually collapsed the biggest European empire. This part of history is very fascinating to me because it shows how losing some knowledge will be costly, both Chinese and Persians started to build bigger and stronger cities and walls more nomads have left their nomadic lives and moved to cities and there they were safe were no arrow could hurt anyone ,they spent less and less effort on their horseback archery due to the collapse of the big nomadic hords such as the Scythians & the huns and the nomadic invasions have ended for good. after almost 1000 years, they rarely even had horseback archers in their armies, they have adopted to a more civilized way of ruling, winning major battles over capitals, and conquering. During all this time, somewhere far from the cities in northern china, small group of nomads were thriving, making better bows and arrows, embracing their horseback skills and being more and more alien to the civilized world. These people eventually managed to join forces and once again prove to the world that horseback archery was way ahead of its time, it was equivalent of the Ak47 & Toyota.

[@RemmySkye]

Lu Bu was mighty in video games and historical fiction In reality he is only recorded as having won a single duel and in actuality in the records he is constantly losing and retreating. In one of the records it says he's a "common man's hero."

[@wric01]

No one idolized the villain, but all those live through a battle with him spoke highly of him in tactics and battle skills. Understandably those who survived don't want to talk about it record of it like caocao. Those that use to be part of his crew like jiang liao all proved to be 1st rate generals (Amongst the best in winning battle streaks.). If he was such a loser, jiang liao would of left long ago.

[@RemmySkye]

@@wric01 I am not saying an opinion. It is hard to give an opinion. What I mean is: today alot of people act like Lu Bu is the strongest ever. This is because of video game, movie, TV but also Romance of the Three Kingdoms which is a FICTION. I am only saying in the real record there is no reason to think Lu Bu is the strongest. In the real record he only wins 1 duel. As a general he loses alot. Why does someone like that get such a reputation? It does not make much sense. They said, "he is a common man's hero" but not very very special. Does that make more sense? I am not saying he was horrible I am saying it does not make sense to call him the strongest.

[@romanceidiot]

Is the Narrator a Singaporean?

[@therenegadepianotechnician5170]

The Han stopped paying a huge tribute and cut the Ziongnu out of their Silk Road profits. That must have REALLY hurt in the wallet.

[@mehmet_coban]

Some friends got into DNA discussions. Our ancestors are horses, wolves and birds of prey

[@Cisco661Barber]

“Woo! Let’s raiiiid!” Lmaoo

[@teovu5557]

Fun fact: The ancient Wusun survives today as the modern Uysyn tribe of Kazakhstan linguistically completely Turkified but maintaining the same name. The Yuezhi who migrated to the south west area of what is now Afghanistan joined with the Saka and other East Iranian tribes like the Pashtuns and are now found in the modern semi nomadic Afghan tribe called Kuchi. Kuchi/Koochi means nomad in their language which they still are and live in black tents and breed horses to this day. Saka is also a major tribe in modern afghanistan too called the Sakzai And in the baloch region of modern afghanistan they have a modern tribe called "Sarmastani" who claim to come from the Caspian region in the past which links them with Sarmatians. Pretty wild right?

[@judaegekikamen4223]

This was some great info, you should do your own videos.

[@shogunshogun]

41:09 - Killed 19k enemies. Citizens or soldiers?

[@Jarele58]

Bro you should do The Warring States Period in Japan

[@CoolHistoryBros]

Stay subscribed for an August surprise.

[@XueYangbaby]

As a Hungarian I have to say : "Sorry about the Great Wall"

[@pseudokanax2957]

As a Turk I have to say: „Whazzap my nomadic steppe N-Word“

[@Willxdiana]

As a Chinese it’s okay

[@andrewmicheal5768]

The Great Wall also has another very important function, to prevent their own people from rebelling and going to the grassland, and then become the new Xiongnu. In history, the Chinese always did this. The local military chiefs rebelled and joined the grassland side and then attacked the emperor to try to seize power.

[@malagebide]

We fight each other, merge with each other, hate each other, and like each other

[@yoloi2470]

​@@andrewmicheal5768. Misinformation. Great wall was just to prevent a large sclae invasion of the xiongnus and turks. and why would the chinese migrate to xiongnu land. But instead its the opposite. Most xiongnu chief join the hans. Tho some chinese did join the xiongnu but this is oftenly a last ditch effort to avoid execution, and death when captured.

[@MCorpReview]

Is this compilation of old videos or a new one? Xia n xiongnu sounds like how Sparta claimed descent from Hercules. Lu clan rebellion....darn in laws!

[@dialaskisel5929]

Me: Daaaddd... I want Han Xin to deal with the steppe nomads Liu Bang: No, son, we have Han Xin at home. Han Xin at home:

[@stump4522]

5:25 to be fair some the prince and duke of like State of Zhao did sorta mix with these northerners.

[@drswag0076]

35:17 that was made due to a bet that led to film.

[@ucnguyenanh9414]

Liu Bang: "Where's Han Xin when I need him?" Han Xin: ☠️ Liu Bang: "Oh yeah, that. What about Peng Yue?" Peng Yue: ☠️ Liu Bang:"Oops. At least, there's Ying Bu." Ying Bu: ☠️ Liu Bang: "Mother fu..."

[@matthewmann8969]

Could not take a no, nah, naw, nope, nuh uh, ugh uh, nay, or negative for a answer

[@calvinle9009]

To think about it Han defeated the Xiong u many times, but Rome came down to a draw with them or even excepted defeat. They even outright threw in the towel on timur the nomad without a single arrow or sword drawn and paid tribute.

[@businessswot1003]

How these history was recorded and not destroyed

[@user-ew9qk8lp2m]

In ancient China, there was a profession called shiguan, whose responsibility was to accurately record the history of dynasties, and even emperors had no right to kill them. And each dynasty will compile and summarize the history of the previous dynasty.

[@namkaengpancharat9031]

❤️❤️❤️

[@Wvk5zc]

Awesome 1 hour video! What do you think of the new artifacts discovered in west china? Apparently the artifacts didnt represent the known chinese culture and experts said it could redefine the china history.

[@CoolHistoryBros]

It is very exciting, but not surprising at all. The idea that civilization could only spring from one source from a land as big as China is quite improbable anyway.

[@harisingh-uh7qy]

@@CoolHistoryBrosdear CJLeung_DST your information on history and monarchical system is immense...... If in the coming times, the public demanded to form a constitutional monarchy, then how can the system of monarchy will be created ? ( it's complete structure & apparatus ) in which the people will enjoy best of governing system ...... Badly waiting for your replies

[@kharris309]

Yes Persia!!!! i want to know about their consorts and concubines and Indias dynasties Ashoka/mughal etc dynasties!!!! work on those too. I subscribed and did likes. got no money tho.

[@embracenihility2721]

Some Turks believe that every nomadic nation is a Turkic

[@yaralikatil]

Like it or not,it wouldn’t change Turkic origins of Xiongnu The term Turkic represents a broad ethno-linguistic group of peoples including existing societies such as Altai, Azerbaijanis, Balkars, Bashkirs, Chuvashes, Crimean Karaites, Gagauz, Karachays, Karakalpaks, Kazakhs, Khakas, Krymchaks, Kyrgyz people, Nogais, Qashqai, Tatars, Turkmens, Turkish people, Tuvans, Uyghurs, Uzbeks, and Yakuts and as well as ancient and medieval states such as Dingling, Bulgars, Alat, Basmyl, Onogurs, Shatuo, Chuban, Göktürks, Oghuz Turks, Kankalis, Khazars, Khiljis, Kipchaks, Kumans, Karluks, Bahri Mamluks, Ottoman Turks, Seljuk Turks, Tiele, Timurids, Turgeshes, Yenisei Kirghiz, and Huns, Tuoba, and Xiongnu.[24][25][26][27][28] The predecessors of Huihe were Xiongnu. Because, customarily, they ride high-wheeled carts. They were also called Gaoche during the Yuan Wei times, or also called Chile, mistakenly rendered as Tiele. - Xin Tangshu, 232 only the Turkic Gaoju origin of the Hephthalites should be retained as indicative of their primary ethnicity.[82] Weishu, vol. 103 txt: "高車，[...] 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異，或云其先匈奴之甥也", tr: "The Gaoju, [...] their language and the Xiongnu's are similar though differ a little; or to say it differently, they are the sororal nephews/sons-in-laws of the Xiongnu " According to the Book of Wei, the Yuebans' language and customs were the same as the Gaoche, who were Turkic speakers. Yuebans(Weak Xiongnu) cut their hair and trimmed their ghee-smeared, sun-dried, glossy eyebrows evenly, and washed before meals three times everyday.[18][19] Chinese sources link the Tiele people and Ashina to the Xiongnu, According to the Book of Zhou and the History of the Northern Dynasties, the Ashina clan was a component of the Xiongnu confederation.[84][85] Uyghur Khagans claimed descent from the Xiongnu (according to Chinese history Weishu, the founder of the Uyghur Khaganate was descended from a Xiongnu ruler).[86] Both the 7th-century Chinese History of the Northern Dynasties[87] and the Book of Zhou,[88] an inscription in the Sogdian language, report the Göktürks to be a subgroup of the Xiongnu.[89][90] Tiele are originally Xiongnu's splinter stocks. As Tujue are strong and prosperous, all Tiele districts (郡) are divided and scattered, the masses gradually dwindled and weakened. Until the beginning of Wude [era], there have been Xueyantuo, Qibi, Huihe, Dubo, Guligan, Duolange, Pugu, Bayegu, Tongluo, Hun, Sijie, Huxue, Xijie, Adie, Baixi, etc. scattered in the northern wastelands. - Jiu Tangshu, 199, lower Collisions and trade with the Xiongnu , fierce Turkic-speaking nomads of the north and west, began in the life- time of Confucius. “The Emergence of an International System in East Asia.” East Asia at the Center: Four Thousand Years of Engagement with the World, by WARREN I. COHEN, Columbia University Press, NEW YORK, 2000, pp. 1-61. which is about the Han Dynasty general Su Wu, who was captured in 100 b.c. while on a diplomatic mission to the Xiongnu , a Turkic clan in central Asia. “FROM LUN ON AND LUN HOP TO THE GREAT CHINA THEATER, 1922-1925.” Chinatown Opera Theater in North America, by Nancy Yunhwa Rao, University of Illinois Press, Urbana; Chicago; Springfield, 2017, pp. 152-184. The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu , whose confederation had broken up “Reunification in the Buddhist Age.” China: A New History, Second Enlarged Edition, by John King Fairbank and Merle Goldman, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England, 2006, pp. 72-87. They aii belong to the Yugus branch of the western Xiongnu group of the Turkic languages, which are part of the Altaic language family. “The Frontier Ground and Peoples of Northwest China.” Familiar Strangers: A History of Muslims in Northwest China, by JONATHAN N. LIPMAN, University of Washington Press, SEATTLE; LONDON, 1997, pp. 3-23. Prof. Dr. Nicola Di Cosmo in: The Turks: Early ages, Part 4. Huns (Xiongnu): The Origin and Rise of the Xiongnu Empire, Y. T., 2002, pp.217-227, University of Michigan, ISBN 9756782552, 9789756782552 "There is not much doubt among historians about the Turkish nature of the Great Hun Empire, which ruled between 318 B.C. and 216 A.D., as well as that of its predecessor proto-Huns, whose presence was confirmed by Chinese sources. The Great Hun Empire, the Western Hun Empire and especially the European Huns were examined comprehensively by Western historians." Land conl icts were also a factor in the frequent clashes from the third century BC onwards between the Chinese Qin and Han Dynasties and the alliance of Turkic nomads, called the Xiongnu people. In the third century BC, the Xiongnu bordered the northwest frontier of Chinese imperial lands, and controlled many of the key trading centers along the land-based routes of the Silk Roads all the way to the Caucasus Mountains. Barbier, E. (2010). The Rise of Cities (from 3000 BC to 1000 AD). In Scarcity and Frontiers: How Economies Have Developed Through Natural Resource Exploitation (pp. 84-156). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511781131.004 It was the Hsiung-nu, a Turkic tribe , who first exerted pressure on the Chinese rulers in the north by capturing Lo-yang in 311 and Ch'ang-an in 316. From this period on, north China was under the sway of non- Chinese rulers. “INITIAL CONTACT AND RESPONSE: BUDDHISM UNDER THE EASTERN CHIN DYNASTY.” Buddhism in China: A Historical Survey, by KENNETH K. S. CH’EN, Princeton University Press, PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY, 1964, pp. 57-93.

[@weaner556]

@@yaralikatil Oh look! Anatolian mixed bleed claiming to be decentant of proud nomadic people lol

[@Neverdyingpride]

we mongols are the only nomads left who represent nomads, rest are mixed blood mixed cultured mixed religion, we are the ones who live in yurts and sleep beside our horses and drink horse milk alcohol

[@user-rn6nb2ey7e]

@@yaralikatil Asian dna=O,C,N Haplogroup NO =Haplogroup N-M231+Haplogroup O-M175 Haplogroup N-M231=indigenous peoples of Siberia，Finland The Liao civilization haplogroup=N1 Hongshan Culture 66.7%N1 Yakuts=88.4%N+3.2%C+1.3%I Haplogroup O-M175=O2 (M122) +O1 (F265) ("Austric") O2 (M122)=Han+Tibetan+Hmong O1 (F265) ("Austric") =O1a+O1b O1a=Austronesian+Tai-Kadai O1b1=Austroasiatic O1b2=Korean Janpanese（Yayoi people）=O2 (M122)+O1b2 Janpanese（Jomon people）=D1a2a D1a=D1a1+D1a2 D1a1=TibetanD1a1a+MongolianD1a1b D1a2b=Andaman Islands Modern Korean =20%-37%O1b2+40%O2 (M122)+15%C-M217 Modern Janpanese=35-40％D+30​​-35％O1b2+15-20％O2 (M122) Modern Tibetn=51.6%D+33.9%O2 (M122)+2.6%C-M217 Modern Mongolian=53.8％C-M217+10.8％N+10.8％O2 (M122) Aisin Gioro family （Manchu people）=C-M217 Turkic people Y-DNA=NOCQ Haplogroup N-M231-found with especially high frequency among Turkic peoples living in present-day Russia Haplogroup C-M217 -especially in Central Asia and, in particular, Kazakhstan Haplogroup Q-M242-especially in Southern Siberia and among Turkmens and the Qangly tribe of Kazakhs Haplogroup O-M122-especially among Turkic peoples living in present-day China and the Naiman tribe of Kazakhs Haplogroup Q-M242=Native Americans Haplogroup Q1=Xiongnu Europe =R ，I Western Asia=J,G South Asia =L, H Africa =A, E J=J1+J2 J1-Yemen 76%，Saudi 64%，Qatar 58%，Dagestan 56%，Arab Bedouins 62% J2-Northeastern Georgia 72%， Ingush 32% Anatolian Turks=11.3%E+10.9%G+33.3%J+16.1%R1b If Turkey originate from the Asia then their yDNA should belong to NOCQ But today Turkey belong to J It contrast with Turkey 's claim

[@user-rn6nb2ey7e]

@@yaralikatil Turkey think they have many fathers, like Japanese, Korean , Mongolian and now even Kazakhs. According to Cinnioğlu et al. (2004),[6] there are many Y-DNA haplogroups present in Turkey. Most haplogroups in Turkey are shared with their West Asian and Caucasian neighbours. The most common haplogroup in Turkey is J2 (24%), which is widespread among the Mediterranean, Caucasian and West Asian populations. Haplogroups that are common in Europe (R1b and I - 20%), South Asia (L, R2, H - 5.7%) and Africa (A, E3*, E3a - 1%) are also present. By contrast, Central Asian haplogroups are rarer (C, Q and O). look at Turkish for example, the Turkish are mostly Armenian, Arabs, Kurdish and Bulgarian converts, the Haplogroup J is overwhelmingly dominant in the Turkish population, the J came from native Anatolians and Arabs! Haplogroup J-M304, also known as J, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is believed to have evolved in Western Asia J-M304 =J1+J2 Haplogroup J-M267/J1 is in modern times most frequent in the Arabian Peninsula ISOGG states that J-M267 originated in the Middle East. It is found in parts of the Near East, Anatolia and North Africa, with a much sparser distribution in the southern Mediterranean flank of Europe, and in Ethiopia. Haplogroup J-M172/J2 is found in the highest concentrations in the Caucasus and the Fertile Crescent/Iraq and is found throughout the Mediterranean (including the Italian, Balkan, Anatolian and Iberian peninsulas and North Africa) (Giacomo 2003).

[@iwatchDVDsonXbox360]

Honestly, i feel like Han Xin and Han Xin were the same person. There is just too much similarities between them, they even died in the same year. I think historians just got confused by different sources and came to a conclusion that those are different people. I am not a historian, but that's impression i am getting.

[@auilk9179]

Ou, let me tell you, one of them Hanxin joined the army from a civilian and gradually rose to the rank of general, while the other was a descendant of the han royal family of the vassal states of the Warring States period.At that time, the three kingdoms of Zhao, Han, and Wei were all named after the clan names of the founding kings. This royal family later took refuge with Liu Bang and rebuilt han state. In general, in order to distinguish the two, the royal family was usually called Han Wangxin(韩王信）, which is also the Han King Xin. The general Han Xin is usually called by his title, Marquis of Huaiyin.

[@rugawakhoidts2947]

Hu means human in Ｍongolian

[@lucioagelvis2134]

I've always though that if the Mongols (Kalka) and Gok Turks (Crimea) reached Europe why not the Xiongnu (Huns) ??? In Mandarin they share the same name, right?

[@ElBandito]

By the time they reached Europe, the Huns were a heavily mixed people, not just the Xiong Nu.

[@flyingbirdskingcloud2908]

No, in Chinese history, they are nomads in different periods. They are not the same race. Only Turks like to say that all Eurasian nomads are Turks, although they have no historical records of the Huns and Tujue（Turk）

[@NagiHawj]

​​​@@flyingbirdskingcloud2908My people have a family clan called Xiong... We have 18 clans in our family tree Xiongnu people belong to one of our family clans because my people are nomadics still in modern times, we are not Turks or Mongolians at all😊😊😊 because we don't understand them you'll see some people that were assimilated to Han ethnic and some of them belong to the Hmong clans😊

[@saifulfaisal4804]

....similar with southeast asian maritime nation when trade are poor, ships owner turn into piracy.

[@ke._njil.o.h2458]

Can you make a video on how the mongol mange to conquer China and how in the end the mongol empire disintegrated

[@CoolHistoryBros]

I got it planned for either late this year or early next year.👍

[@shanedoesyoutube8001]

How did the Mongols get to conquer China??? I dunno, how did Alex get to conquer Greece and the middle east???

[@realr1316]

This is a very well made series of videos about the history of the war. But it's in Chinese and I'm not sure if there are automatic English subtitles. Video series on how Mongolia conquered China and how China fought back against Mongolia: kzbin.info/www/bejne/Z36ZmH2JaqiioZo kzbin.info/www/bejne/m6LGmn5_rd5pZpI I highly recommend, if you can solve the language problem