BASIC WORKERS' RIGHTS IN GERMANY AND THE USA- WHICH ARE BETTER? (why are they so different?)

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In today's video I am going over workers rights and how they differ in the USA and Germany. In the USA I always wondered why it had to be so difficult to have a job. Why did I have to sacrifice pieces of my life in order to have/keep a job? Granted working isn't the MOST enjoyable thing to do in the world BUT it also should not be the worst. How do the workers rights in Germany compare to the workers rights in the USA?
00:00 Germany vs USA | workers rights
00:47 Going to work sick in Germany
02:27 Hypocrisy in the USA
02:44 Sick leave in the USA
03:38 Sick leave in Germany
05:00 Why is sick leave important?
06:12 Why do Americans go to work sick? | expensive healthcare & big corporations
07:55 GET YOUR A** UP AND WORK
08:15 Americans don't take vacations because they have no paid time off?
08:39 Germany (Bavaria) paid vacation time
09:09 Working part-time in the USA for 3 years, how much vacation time did I get?
09:52 Working in Germany, what was my experience with paid vacation leave?
10:51 Who decides about paid vacation in the USA?
11:22 Why is paid vacation leave important?
12:09 FLMA - Labor laws in the USA, what do they look like?
13:39 Maternity leave in the USA- why the heck don't we have it?
14:16 How could this impact gun violence in the USA?
14:47 What does the World Health Organization recommend and where does the USA rank?
15:34 Maternity/Parental leave in Germany?
15:49 How does each country treat their "future contributors to society" (aka: children)?
16:45 Minimum wage- it is crap! Why do I support the tipping culture in the USA?
17:52 I wish the USA would have better workers rights but let's be honest: it ain't happening
18:30 Thank you for watching
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[@HayleyAlexis]

Out of all the workers’ rights talked about in this video which one is most important to you? Which one is least important to you?

[@tasminoben686]

Ist nicht mehr wichtig, ich bin Rentner! Aber Punktpunkt hey, was sehe ich da? 99 K! Also, wenn wir aus dem Urlaub zurück sind, möchte ich sehen dass da bei dir der Oscar unterwegs ist! 🤠

[@HayleyAlexis]

@TasminoBen und wenn nicht denn muss ich KZbin persönlich anrufen!!

[@ivanamicimici]

I guess since in Europe we have all these different rights, I feel like I cannot give up a single one,that are all somehow very important lol maybe it's also because I'm a single parent so I'll take everything what's offered 🙂

[@tasminoben686]

@@HayleyAlexis und den Anruf wünsche ich KZbin nicht! Wir sind ja beide Widder… Muss ich mehr sagen?

[@seanthiar]

The most important for me is health insurance, sick and maternal/paternal leave, vacation. You will never know if you get in an situation where you won't be able to work. Being sure you will have no problems to pay your bills is one concern you mustn't have to get better, because bad thoughts don't help you getting better and being able to get on vacation will help not getting ill. Heart attacks, high blood pressure, psychic problems etc. all have being overworked, stressed as a cause and could be mostly avoided with sensible work hours and vacations. Or think of a car accident and a complicated break that makes you unable to walk for a year. In the US you are alone with that after short time and you struggle with the cost and that you get no pay. In Germany you go on sick leave and can return to your work after that and the insurance even pays an integration phase if necessary were you start with less hours and add to that until you are again able to work your old time, but get the same pay together from company and insurance. And if you need special equipment for work - a special chair, table, tools etc because of your illness the insurance will pay it. If you are wearing glasses and have a computer workplace you get special computer work glasses with your prescription from your employer .....

[@hartmutholzgraefe]

As a German working from home for a Scandinavian company with employees all around the world, and originally having a US american team lead I remember a few things that surprised me, or some of my coworkers: * First thing was even before I started, had a total of three interview calls with my teamlead-to-be, and each time he came back to the topic of health and dental plans, asking whether I was really sure that nothing needed to be discussed in that respect. * Wherever possible the company would apply Swedish work laws, unless your country of residence had even higher standards, so that everyone got the same benefits. So e.g. everyone got 25 vacation days, plus basically unlimited sick leave. Usually confusing to new US hires. * When having to do weekend on-call shifts we did not only get some extra pay, but also had to take mandatory compensation days in either the week prior or following the weekend day we were scheduled for. * And probably the most confusing for US managers: In Sweden both parents can take extra time off beyond the mothers minimum maternity leave, up to a full year (at somewhat reduced salary, and most of that covered by the state, not the employer AFAIR). Unlike here in Germany where parents can take a total of 14(?) months between them, but can split it from anywhere between 7:7 to 12:2 both parents have to take the same amount in Sweden though. So we had one software developers team lead sending an email about his new child, and ending that with "goodbye until this time next year then :)". This sent some of his US management peers into some state of mental deadlock ... ;)

[@franzfred7511]

Important to say that most of this rights didnt fell from the trees around you. People died for them, fought for them, stood for them. The evil of labour unions....

[@RustyDust101]

Yepp, the "Rote Erde" series from the early 1980's summed up the fight of unions against the employers in the Ruhrgebiet area over the time span of 70 years. From the end of the 19th century right through the Nazi era. It literally was bloody, and led to lots of deaths. So to honor those lives (and deaths) we should never voluntarily give up those rights.

[@hypatian9093]

Though the roots go back to the time of Bismarck, kind of "Throw them a bone and the workers won't ask for more". Didn't really work ;)

[@tasminoben686]

Alle Räder stehen still, wenn dein starker Arm es will!

[@Mondfischli]

@@hypatian9093 ...then again, Bismarck introduced mandatory health insurance for workers 🤕

[@CJ-vw3dt]

Wusstest du das nicht alle dieses Recht auf Gewerkschaften haben? Bei kirchlichen Arbeitgebern gibt es das nicht. Und das obwohl Diakonie und Caritas zusammengenommen der grösste Arbeitgeber ist. Das erklärt einiges in Bezug auf Kranken- und Altenpflege und Erzieherinnen

[@airlag]

German employers have the so called "Fürsorgepflicht" for their workers. This means that employers are responsible that the workers are healthy and stay healthy at work. That's why they send sick workers home or to the doctor so they get healthy fast. That's why they don't let you work for 14 hours a day but send you home. That's why workers are not allowed to skip their work-free days over a longer period of time. Some companys have their own emergency rooms and doctors where their workers can go for free. That's not only for injuries from accidents from Work. They also can give you medical treatment when you visit them because of allergic reactions to insect stings and a lot of other cases. Of course they also offer vaccination (corona, annual flu epidemic) If they can't help you, they send you to your own doctor or to the hospital. For the companies where I have been, I can say that this service is not payed by the workers health insurances but from the companies. Health insurance had to pay only for external workers (guest workers). Some companies offer gyms with trained therapists where you can go when your back aches from your bureau job. That's also for free and you can visit the gym during working hours (within reasonable boundaries) I feel so sorry for American workers. They are completely at the mercy of their employer. A lot of them are basically slaves from a European point of view.

[@allezfc8166]

Americans are slaves of their employer germans of their gouverment. I pick the employer he operates with his money not with the money of others.

[@lohikarhu734]

Yes...managers encourage you to get well, NOT. "get back to work", and, you're not spreading your cold/flu around. After 3 days, you'll need a doctor's note. My employer paid full salary for 6 months, then "insurance" paid 60% . Workers in the USA that are engineers, or "professional", are classed as "exempt employees" and have NO GUARANTEES of lunch break, coffee break, overtime pay, limited work hours. One former colleague told me that any engineer working less than 60 hours per week, at I..l, was downgraded on their "performance review".

[@KitsuneHB]

But not every german employer acts like this. My last employer (now I'm working at a big company where they really care) was more of an american kind - he expects me to work everyday. He was pissed when I didn't came to work on Karfreitag or Ostersonntag. I overworked a lot - in the end I had a burn-out and a stroke from which I recovered. But I left that company and now I'm working at a better company. So be careful in Germany - there are some employers who try to life the "american employer's dream".

[@airlag]

@@KitsuneHB The difference is that in Germany you have those workers rights. You can sue them in Germany for the things you describe.

[@PmmGarak]

@@airlag Yes but - well, you usually don't want to work for an employer you've sued. They'll find other ways to give you hell

[@Julia-lk8jn]

A friend of mine in the US honestly meant to go to work _while CoVid positive_ because "they are short with staff already!" Cue is German wife and me going "and how short do you think they'll be if you infect half of them?"

[@TimberwolfC14]

When I was working in Germany we provided training for new hires, we had an American girl who was picked to guide Americans newly hired by companies, the main reason being she could and did guide them through things like sick leave, hours of work, vacation times, pay, taxes everything as she was in a far better position to explain all the things workers take for granted as their rights as apposed to American workers who can only dream of the same rights.

[@HayleyAlexis]

It took me YEARS to understand how much I was entitled to as a worker in Germany and I am pretty sure I am/was missing a lot of things that I was too afraid to ask about. For Americans coming to Germany it is a new world and sometimes we can't even imagine that these things are possible and we are quite skeptical for the most part

[@blablup1214]

It is not that we take those rights for granted. But a big part of our Income is spend on those rights. You expect good treatmeant if you pay a lot don't ya ?

[@euli_mo]

@@blablup1214 in the us you pay a lot aswell

[@MeewMeew001]

@@euli_mo the average tax payer in Germany pays 38% taxes on the income. In the US the average tax payer pays 13%. So your assumption is bs

[@wora1111]

@@MeewMeew001 you forgot to mention the median income both workers get. Germans do pay a lot and get a lot for that. And still German millionaires say they should be taxed higher. Guess why?

[@ivanamicimici]

I had knee surgery beginning of may and I am expected to be written in sick for 16 weeks. In germany we have unlimited sick leave days,as long as its warranted by your healthcare provider. You are payed 100% for 6 weeks at a time for every illness that befalls you. That means if you broke your ankle and have 6 weeks sick leave and after those 6 weeks you got corona and again are given 6 weeks sick leave,you will still be covered 100%.

[@rzu1474]

And, you can't be fired if it's temporary. Like, unless you permanently can not do the work anymore, they can not fire you for being sick

[@JM-gj3fi]

Exactly. After 6 weeks the insurance is paying the salary instead of your boss. But the insurance is just paying 60 percent of your salary

[@warmsnow]

It's not fully unlimited. After like a year you can lose your job and then have to go to the Arbeitsamt and get Arbeitslosenheld 1. So it's not absolutely unlimited. It also depends on the disease. I had a shoulder surgery and then I was sick for like 8 weeks. I came back for like three weeks and then had a mental breakdown due to deaths in the family and I was gone for more than a year actually. It depends on the diagnosis. You can only be sick for one kind of disease for around a year. But I went for different kind of therapy and afterwards a Reha. And the whole time I was having like I think it's 75% of my last monthly income. So yeh being sick in Germany really is worth it. I'm glad I was able to push thru this and come back being healed from what happened to me. And when I came back I of course had my full income again. I even came back with the "hamburger Modell" which means I had two months in which I was slowly building up my work hours again to 40h a week. I started with 4h each day. And that was also paid.

[@joachimbatke7396]

And please notice that 6 weeks at full payment is the legal minimum, in our "Tarifvertrag", Unions and employers organisations sometimes have much better conditions. I have up to 26 Weeks! And also this is for one incident. If you have a surgery and you need 25 weeks, and on your first day back you get corona, the time starts again by zero.

[@manub.3847]

@@warmsnow For one and the same illness, you could receive money from the health insurance company for up to 72 weeks, but the employer can have it checked whether you, as an employee, are able to work in your job again. If not, a dismissal can be pronounced. Then one would be graded into the unemployment payments (+ if necessary special payments due to disabilities)

[@alexandrajoppe7718]

When my wife first got to the Netherlands from the US, she had to really get used to the way things work here. The in-laws are still shocked at the fact that we get paid time off and paid sick leave. Here, your employer has to pay full salary up to a year and the second year they have to pay 70%. And help you get back into your job.

[@HayleyAlexis]

I think the biggest shock for me was the paid time off for vacations. I honestly did not understand the concept. At first I thought I would not make any money if I took the 28 days off but my "manager" had to inform me that is not how the German system works.

[@tasminoben686]

@@HayleyAlexis als blinder hast du sogar eine Woche Urlaub mehr im Jahr! Und, noch wichtiger: du hast einen verstärkten Kündigungsschutz. Auch nicht gerade unwichtig diese Details.

[@twinmama42]

@@tasminoben686 Das gilt nicht nur für Blinde, sondern für alle Schwerbehinderten mit entsprechendem Ausweis des Versorgungsamts mit einer amtlich festgestellten Minderung der Erwerbsfähigkeit von 51% oder mehr. Darüber hinaus sollen alle Unternehmen (ab einer bestimmten Größe) eine Beschäftigungsquote von 6% Schwerbehinderte einhalten. Können die Unternehmen das nicht, können sie Waren und Dienstleistungen von Behindertenwerkstätten zum Ausgleich einkaufen. Ansonsten müssen sie eine Strafe zahlen.

[@tasminoben686]

@@twinmama42 ist mir bekannt. Grüße aus Hamburg, schönes Wochenende! Stay Safe

[@Moahly]

Watching your videos recently actually made me very glad to be a German living in Germany. I had the big dream of moving to the US 10 years ago after I visited my friend in the Bay Area of San Francisco and I loved it. But now I am so glad that plan never worked out for me, because I am beginning to understand what it must be like living in the USA. I am glad I get vacation time (just finishing a nice smooth week off work atm), I am glad I can stay home if I am sick, although my boss always does everything to prevent that (He didnt want me to get tested for Covid, when I clearly had symptoms - but I did anyway and it was positive), he couldn't fire me as easily if I stayed home with a sick note. I am glad I will be getting maternity leave when I start a family. I am glad if I happen to lose my job, I will get at least a little bit of money still. I would always go visit the US again, but I wouldn't go and wanna live there anymore.

[@finolaomurchu8217]

I know exactly what you mean☘

[@ivanamicimici]

Yeah,I think many of us dreamed of going to the USA to go live the good life. But nownit seems like all of that good stuff is gone.. americans are deemed as entitled,loud,ignorant,full of themselves and very competitive for no reason and when you pair that up with how dangerous it is to live in the cities plus no health benefits no sick leave,no parental leave no vacation it's really sadly an easy decision not to go after those dreams. And I really hate that. Because I feel like americans are being scammed into thinking they are doing good,when so many people are struggling plus all the guns and the violence...

[@nannakurzhaar]

yes, the sick leave/holiday thing is shocking, I learned about this in my USA times ... but the stories I heard about maternity leave are so heartbreaking :(

[@dorisschneider-coutandin9965]

Also, I recently saw a documentary about the massive use of antibiotics in the US, due to the fact that everyone thinks they need to take it and be able to continue working. So far, so good. But then it hit back quite badly: the number of people getting hospitalized with severe antibiotic resistencies is constantly growing. Boy, then you really have a massive problem. The numbers in Europe are not nearly as high because antibiotics are only given under certain circumstances when sick. It is pretty useless with any virus, but good when dealing with bacteria. Doctors here are much more reluctant with prescriptions of antibiotics, also because normally employees with simple colds etc. do not need to take it, they simply stay at home for a couple of days and be done with the sickness. In the US workers think they need that sort of medication in order to be able to work, even when sick. So sad, really. The damage from using/abusing antibiotics is rather big.

[@Flyctory]

Thanks a lot again for this one. A perfect addition to the "Freedom of the individual vs. Freedom of the community" comparison. I am always shocked when I realize that US people are more or less forced to go to work sick. Imagine you go to a restaurant and get infected by the staff. The whole thing is not only rude to your team, to your employees, but also to your clients. Especially during the pandemic times, this felt so critical to me.

[@DidierWierdsma6335]

American capitallism is modern day slavery people in America are being treated like slaves land of the free i don't think so. Great video btw keep it up👍 And greetings from the Netherlands🇳🇱

[@Kemachris]

"none are more hopelessly enslaved than those who falsely believe they are free" - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

[@SatyreIkon]

@@Kemachris Bu-bu-buh I thought Muricans had so so SO much FREEEEDOOOOOOM!!!1!11! 😱

[@modtec1209]

The lower end of European working class are modern slavery as well. Its just that the shackles are padded and they get a couple of days off. Climbing up the socioeconomic ladder is disproportionately more difficult the lower you and your family are on said ladder. This is consistent across the entire globe. The difference arises in how the 'slaves' are treated and give me slavery with healthcare, limited working hours and at least a month of vacation over whatever the US has going on any time.

[@DidierWierdsma6335]

@@modtec1209 let me guess you must be an American? An American with no workers rights and a shitty and a way to expensive healthcare system and if you are a female wel you just lost you're freedoms and you're rights WOW. Please stop defending America they have lost that privilege being a worker here in Europe is so much better period.

[@enerpro2955]

@@modtec1209 how do you define the lower end? And do you consider the 60% of Americans living paycheck to paycheck with less than $500 to their names the higher end?

[@hartmutholzgraefe]

Minor nitpick: there is only one holiday that's really a federal one: German Unity Day on Oct. 3rd. The other ones are state level, and sometimes even more local (Augsburg actually has the most holidays as Bavaria is already in the lead state wise, and Augsburg has another official city holiday). Most major holidays like Christmas, Easter, New Year, Workers day on May 1st etc are holidays in all states though, so they feel like national holidays while they are actually holidays via individual state regulations :)

[@Julia-lk8jn]

It's kind of adorable and fascinating and worrying that somebody is told "you are sick, go home and get well" and reacts with "I'm not feeling appreciated!" It makes sense from the "look, I'm being a good worker, showing up and doing my job in spite of being sick, please be impressed by my work ethos!" perspective. Traditional German perspective is: "don't drag yourself and your germs to office for a week or two, just stay home for a few days and come back when you're at full strength". Of course, post-2020 perspective is: you cough once at work and all your dear co-workers take three large steps away from you and give you "why are you even here you bio-terrorist???" looks.

[@Humpelstilzchen]

I'm always very thankfull to a sick coworker coming to work and make me sick. Very good positive relationship boost between us. 😉😂

[@Lukas-fq9lp]

COVID Vaxxine Boost because you need to go Boost you 2 together? XD. Or: I stare you to death the next 2 Months xD.

[@HayleyAlexis]

I never thought of it like that OH NO LOL 😆😱

[@Humpelstilzchen]

@@HayleyAlexis I mean sure i can stay at home but i hate beeing sick 😅 and at my Job i also get a nice amount of tipps sometimes enough to cover a month of... i would miss it 😉😂

[@reko7264]

Sarcasm?

[@Humpelstilzchen]

@@reko7264 The main comment Yes.

[@Alias_Anybody]

I think the issue with tipping culture Vs proper regular pay is that in a lot of cases tips are not really based on performance but also on stuff you probably can't influence, like which shifts you get or how pretty you are. And if the employer just collects and evenly spreads the tips, probably already writing 20% or something on the bill, that's IMO just a glorified scam to make the prices appear lower, just like not including taxes in supermarkets.

[@HayleyAlexis]

I agree that the service industry can be a biased job that favors certain stereotypes of standardised beauty and appeal. Not even from a good looking point of view- from a weight view, disabled view, etc etc All of those factors can dramatically impact how much money you make in the service industry WHICH sucks. I do however always have to tell Germans that tipping in the USA is based on performance. I know some people make it seem like it is not BUT if I did not make over minimum wage working a full shift with tips I would be paid the minimum wage by my employer ($10 an hour in Florida) so at the end of the day- I would make minimum wage. It would either come from the restaurant or the customers. If it came from the customers I usually made a lot more. The purpose is to perform as best as you can to make more than minimum wage... If the service is bad- don't tip or just leave the bare minimum- if the person brought you your food and drinks- it would not hurt to leave $1 on a $20 check (also to let the waitress know she sucked). I personally like this because MOST of the time it was a direct representation of my work which isn't necessarily a good thing BUT if I was making the below average tipping rate of 15-20% I would have to self reflect and ask my self is it my service or are their manners poor? Usually I was pretty self aware and knew when I made mistakes and messed up. Like I stated- being able to take home $500 after working 8 hours would never be possible in another "enty level" "low level" job in the USA and that is what I was trying to point out. I lived a relatively comfortable life in the USA as a server and I would never have that comfort working for $10 an hour (with no benefits) at the same job.

[@bobtogen4753]

@@HayleyAlexis I don’t understand your point get minimum wage and tip, always remember tipping is culture while minimum wage is a right, in Japan you pay 0 tip and it is the best service in the world in my opinion. Also never forget that most service people work for mc Donald’s or burgerking they get 0 tip in this case it would be horrible to let the Company decide.

[@myfu_]

@@HayleyAlexis in most restaurants in Germany (at least in rlp) the tip is already included in the price.

[@Redgethechemist]

Moreover, it’s not up to the customer to pay an extra price because the employee did a good job, it’s up to the employer! As a customer, if I decide to pay a certain price for a meal, I should not have to add more because the employer exploits his employees. In addition to that, tip is surely a huge addition to a waiter’s salary, but as it’s not subjected to taxes that could benefit to the employees, in the end it’s perpetuating a slavery-like system where the customer is the king and waiters have to act like serfs even though the customer is a piece of shit. In most European countries, waiters get a decent salary, they don’t need to kneel down in front of every customer and beg for a dime. And why wouldn’t people tip cashiers at the supermarket or street cleaners, they also have low wages in the US I believe but nobody gives a shit.

[@cobynonamegiven842]

@@HayleyAlexis That might be the result of indoctrination. You earn more if you do more. That is actually not how America works. It is just good marketing. In other countries you just have to do your best, otherwise your boss will not give you a raise or a bonus. It is noticed anyway. The customer is not your boss. They are the cliënt of the owner. You just work there. They should not get to decide directly what your salary should be. If they do not like the service, they will not come back. So the boss who wants them to come back, because that is how he makes money, makes sure that his staff has very good instructions and are able to perform and willing to give good service. So the boss has to take care of the welbeing of the staff. Not make them work too long shifts and keep enough staff there to spread the workload. And when shortstaffed promiss them a bonus as compensation for temporily not being able to give them a more reasonable workenviroment. It is excuse-money. The incentive is the important thing. Where does it go and who gets what incentive? If you look at the customer, they just want good service. They do not care about the worker. So they get to hold the carrot for the nose of the waiter, to be able to give incentive. And they get to be pleased about it afterwards. Being a good little tipper. In that scenario the boss has no incentive at all to pay the worker much at all. They do not have an incentive to give them time off, to make sure the shifts are reasonble or such. On the contrary, by giving less regular money, the worker will work harder and more hours to make up for the difference, to try and make ends meet. So why bother? It is not good when a system gives a boss an incentive to be very shitty. And they will never give you more money or any benifits if that means you have less incentive to perform better. (This is why they are against giving a good salary. They would have to be an actual boss to the workers to make them WANT to perform. ) This is why it is a bad system. The wages should be higher and benifits should be a standard thing. Something a worker should expect anyway. Then a employer just would not be able to get anyone to work for them when he acted bad, because there is no incentive to choose that workplace. And with nobody doing the work, the owner/boss can not make money come in at all. Also; the minimum wage is not the actual wage. It is the bottom. People who have jobs are usually paid much more than that minimum. In a lot of low paying jobs it is about 130% of minimum wage. You can see it in the contracts. If you have relevant workexperience or training, it goes up from the minimum that is expected in that line of work. In the Netherlands there are regulations about that stuff. Agreements between workerunions and employer-unions. An empoyer can pay more, but no less than is in these agreements. And a good worker can choose the place they want to work. They can go to the competition, ask about the salary and go to their current boss with that offer. They can then choose to pay them the same or more or add a wanted benifit. Or not. Which can mean the employee might leave. If the workenviroment is good and the boss is very decent and nice, people tend to stay eventhough they might get better wages somewhere else. Good bosses keep good stafmembers happy.

[@janniszimbalski6652]

One note about the sick leave: The 6 week limit for fully paid sick leave is for *consecutive* sick leave. If you get sick for 6 weeks, get better and get sick again, you will still get fully paid for that again!

[@chrissiesbuchcocktail]

Not true. It adds up. Only after 6 months with no sick leave because of that illness you have again 6 weeks. Look up "Lohnfortzahlung" and "Sechs-Monats-Frist". It happens that you get it because your employer does not send a query to your health insurance about the pre existing illness but if that happens you are just lucky.

[@janniszimbalski6652]

@UC7vPjOhMu-7kR_YKcthjwkA I wasn‘t really thinking about the *same* sickness flaring up again. I didn‘t know that exception existed. I‘m also a bit surprised that your employer is even privy to your medical history. Even on sick notes, the part that says what you are sick with doesn‘t go to the employer, but stays with you.

[@philippschmitz1787]

It's not that simple... and in some cases your employer can force you to go to a specific doctor to get your sick note to avoid abuse.

[@chrissiesbuchcocktail]

​@@janniszimbalski6652 The employer will not be informed which illness you have - only if you have been sick with it before and how long. The employer is not entitled to know the reason you are sick, that's right.

[@janniszimbalski6652]

@@philippschmitz1787 That rule also seems a little fuzzy to me. Because my dad experienced a case where people with very old contracts that made them essentially unfirable abused the system by reporting in sick for 6 weeks, then healthy for one day and sick again over and over.

[@mooncat0587]

In case anyone's wondering why employers in Germany are so adamant about their employees taking time off: In Germany there's the Bundesurlaubsgesetz (federal leave law) that regulates basically whatever you want to know about paid time off (how many days at least, how much money you get, etc.) including a paragraph explicitly stating that those minimum 24 days of paid leave per year (those do not include national holidays or sundays) are necessary to ensure the employee's mental and physical health and have to be taken.

[@klausseydlitz2012]

You're really likeable. I discovered your channel an hour ago and have already watched 4 episodes. I have a furniture store with 15 employees. If someone is nauseous or shows signs of illness, I send them home. they should be 100% fit, not 50% because then they can recover without pressure and come back much faster. Pressure doesn't bring you health. But confidence.

[@UlliStein]

Living in Munich, I worked for a big company. Every day I wrote the time I came and the time I left into an Excel sheet and it calculated the hours. At the end of the month I had to print the sheet and gave it to the team manager. When I had more than 50 hours more than I needed (which was 35 hours a week) she said: "You need to take two days off or I will go to jail". Now THAT's what I call work-life-balance!

[@Kelsea-2002]

The supreme fundamental right of a nation should be the protection of life. This also includes health! What I think about it as a person who grew up in Germany is certainly not difficult to guess.I am very grateful to this country, which now even gave me the opportunity to obtain citizenship.And now shocking news for all american 'patriots' - I accepted this gift!

[@Humpelstilzchen]

❤

[@HayleyAlexis]

Congratulations on your citizenship Kelsea!!

[@Kelsea-2002]

@@HayleyAlexis 🤗thank you.

[@Kelsea-2002]

@@Humpelstilzchen 😉not Bavaria, but Swabia also has its beautiful sides.

[@Humpelstilzchen]

@@Kelsea-2002 Ohh i know 😊

[@AndersGetherSoerensen]

Denmark: 37 hours working week. You must take 5 weeks paid holiday, of which 3 weeks coherence. You can choose whether you want to keep the 6th holiday week free or get it paid out. Maternity leave = 1 year with salary. You can have the 1st day with a child sick so you need to find another solution. Full pay during illness. Your employer can ask for a medical certificate (which he must pay). You can be invited to a "care interview" to find out if the illness is permanent and if the workplace can do something to promote that you can come back; reduced time, new work tasks ect .. If you have been ill for so long that you are fired, the municipality will step in. Then it must be assessed whether your work ability is so good that you can return to the labor market. Is there a need for retraining, new education ect ?. Or are you retiring early. The good terms are an agreement between the employer and the unions. And why that. Denmark has a well-qualified workforce which costs a lot of money and education, also within the individual company. Therefore, it is in the employer's interest that the workforce thrives at work. In Denmark, we have a concept called "arbejdsglæde" which can be translated directly as work happynes. It is very important that you are happy and go to work because it provides a more efficient work effort. So now there are highly specialized companies that have gone over to 4 working days a week for full pay. They have found that productivity has actually increased.

[@tasminoben686]

Hallo Nachbar! Grüße aus Hamburg nach Dänemark! Steht Safe and Halsey!

[@flickufocku5889]

True, but in Denmark it is very difficult to afford much of anything, I remember our neighbors living in a house with a single Ikea Chinese paper mache light bulb because even a light fixture was too expensive. I remember specifically (some 15 years ago mind you) how a pair of designer levi or guess or any other jeans that cost maybe 40-50$ in the US cost nearly triple the price 150$ in Copenhagen where the sales tax was a crippling 22% (in Florida or even California it was maybe 1 to 6%). I remember some Danes walking around in shopping malls with their eyes wide open at what you could buy in the US, so obviously there are some good things and bad things both sides

[@AndersGetherSoerensen]

@@flickufocku5889 That's because you came with a salary from another country. Wages in Denmark are usually higher for ordinary people than in other countries. Also compared to Germany. In Denmark you can live on one salary. But it is true that things are expensive in Denmark, and then there are other things that are "free" for some citizens or are financially supported by the state. Medicine, school, doctor, ambulance, culture ect. But as a Dane, it's nice to get out and travel. Almost all other countries are cheaper and travel to. Everything has a price. 80% of Danes do not mind and pay a high tax for and be sure and could get the benefits that come with it. The stories of the United States with people who can not afford medicine and to be treated for diseases are horror examples.

[@CJ-vw3dt]

As German I want Germany to look at Scandinavia rather then to look at America.

[@AndersGetherSoerensen]

@@CJ-vw3dt It's important to remember. Yes, the Nordic countries have solved a number of problems for ordinary people; but far from all. And the Danes know this well. Nevertheless, the Danes have a belief that the state as a whole still ensures that the welfare state functions. I believe that in the next few years we in the EU must have a broad discussion about what the EU should spend its energy on and what it should leave to the individual states.

[@SatyreIkon]

Working to live vs. living to work is a really good description for the difference between European and US work culture. 👍

[@Whiskeygrave]

You have to work for "a living" here in Germany / Europe, too and I can't see why "living to work" would be that much better than "working to live". I'd rather live to live. 😁 So, as I said, we have to work to live, as well (some more, some less) but have the much better social system, work rights, etc taking care of us, which guarantees a pretty secure work environment. That's the big difference.

[@steffenrosmus9177]

If you need 2 or 3 jobs ro get around, something is wrong with the system.

[@jessicaely2521]

@@steffenrosmus9177 most Americans don't work a second job. 5% of Americans work 2+ jobs. Now what is common in the US is having both parents working. Germany's shit stinks also. 3.5 million or about 4% of Germans work 2+ jobs. Don't point fingers without looking at your own country. The US does have more people working 2+ jobs though. It's about 16 million.

[@steffenrosmus9177]

@@jessicaely2521 in some parts of the country it is more than 60 % exsp in Alaska (where I live), and some parts of the grand old south. So in total a percentage of 20 -30 % would be more reality than your 5%. I knew some cops here in Alaska who have an second job in an Donut shop (not kidding) or an burger joint. Even personal in the medical buisness including doctors in hospitals have 2 jobs. And you cannot tell me that your social security is worth mentioning.

[@colibri1]

In that documentary from a number of years ago called "Sicko," which compares the healthcare systems of the US, Canada, the UK, France, and Cuba, an American asks a French worker what the limit is on their sick-leave days, and the French worker looks bewildered: "How can you put a limit on sick days when you don't know how long you're going to be sick?!" That kind of attitude and environment would be unimaginable to an American. Another point about why Americans continue to work when they're sick is that, if you're not a salaried worker but an hourly worker, you run the very real risk of getting fired for taking sick days if your bosses tend to be against workers doing that, since in the US, which has virtually no worker protections, bosses can fire people for any or no reason (though that wasn't so much true before Reagan's attacks on workers' rights during the eighties).

[@menakeldebakel253]

Maybe a little addition. If you get sick in your vacation (Germany), you can get that vacation day's back and take them again. It's not very common to do that but it's your right and accepted

[@00_UU]

Every time you meet an American - tell them about it. They will be shocked. Taking vacation is a luxury in the US, sick leave is a luxury as well. I believe this is the real reason why there is so much violence and crime in the US - people lose everything easily and they have no protections from the government.

[@elenaigumnova9273]

Thank you for a great video! As a person originally from a country that is nearly 3rd world at this point (Russia...), I grew up with the US being super overhyped as an immigration destination, with many people dreaming of moving there for a better life, completely unaware of all the problems you listed. Some of my friends are still dreaming, because they like the culture portrayed in the media, but I keep telling them that sadly the only way to live a decent life there (especially as an immigrant) is if you earn a shit ton of money.

[@wora1111]

USA was portrayed in this glorified light in Germany as well. That was the reason I went there as an exchange student. Living there I was surprised how narrow-minded most students were. And the adults were very conservative. Later at university times some of my friends moved over (as part of their study/PhD). All came back. A few days ago I went to a farewell party of one of my former colleagues. She left the company after 39 years. I think I only met two or three people at that party that had worked there for less than 30 years (I left after 29 years ...). Just think about the amount of experience a long time employee will have. I sometimes think that experience will reduce the number of errors that much that it easily pays for longer vacations. And sick leave. And ...

[@frankbauman7944]

Вы, вероятно, можете полностью забыть о США сейчас, и вы также знаете, почему вы больше не можете уехать из России и в США, если вы уже не в США, тогда вы должны говорить на американском английском с акцентом. Привет из европейской страны, входящей в НАТО

[@elenaigumnova9273]

@@frankbauman7944 dude I live in Germany, chill

[@AnnCath321]

I'm happy to live in Canada (the french part) with workers' rights similar to Europe and with a healthcare system. No it's not perfect but the more I read or listen about those subjects in the US if you don't have a big job with big money, you don't have a lot !! We pay high taxes and complain a lot about it but at the same time, I don't think people would want to loose all that to pay less taxes. My quality of life with the job I have would probably be not so good if I was living in the US !!! But here, it's very correct and I'm able to buy myself some travel on my paid vacation time, although it cost us in general higher than the US and EU to travel (planes).

[@BlackWater_49]

1:55 It's honestly selfishness. They have two options: A: They have a sick workers who due to their sickness cannot perform as well as usual, because they have to work can't effectively cure their sickness so underperform for longer and risk making their coworkers sick. B: Let the worker go home and cure their sickness which means you lack that worker entirely but after a relatively short amount of time they come back, are healthy and thus perform as usual.

[@burninghard]

Not selfish but simply short sighted.

[@BlackWater_49]

@@burninghard To give your worker time to cure their sickness is short sighted?!

[@ohauss]

There's more than that. First of all, employers in Germany have a legal duty of care. Secondly, if the employee has an infectious disease and drags himself in to work, they may end up infecting others, and in the end, the whole team drops out rather than just one person.

[@BlackWater_49]

@@ohauss I included your second point in my comment but yeah, the whole selfishness part was more to cater to a extremely capitalist American audience. In general the mentality between employers and employees in Germany is vastly different compared to the US. If a US company gets into economic trouble they will simply lay off as many people as they deem necessary and just rehire them when the situation improves. What happens to their workers in between is of little concern to them. In Germany on the other hand companies general try to keep as many workers as possible in an economic recession by measures like shorter working hours (which is also subsidized by the state) etc. We don't have this hire/fire-mentality that the US has. If you hire someone you feel a certain obligation to keep that person employed so as long as they do their work to the best of their ability and behave properly (as in don't sexually harass people or alike) you try your best to keep them employed at your company.

[@pg259]

The 6 weeks limit is counted for a specific sickness. So if you are ill for 6 weeks due to pneumonia and have an accident later the year, the 6 weeks start again.

[@HayleyAlexis]

I did not know this and I am shocked that it is this way.. I have been living in Germany for so long and this video taught me something new!

[@martinapipan2759]

You forgot to mention that the majority of EU countries are considering shorter working hours per week. Some northern countries are already implementing it. Regards from Slovenia 😊

[@HayleyAlexis]

Oh that is a good one! Plus it seems to be very successful :)

[@Quotenwagnerianer]

As far as I heard that's actually not what is tried out. They are trying out the 4 day week instead. But not reducing the weekly hours. Which means you'll have to work four 10 hour days and then have the rest of the week off. Not a good solution if you ask me. Whenever I work more than two consecutive 10 hour days I'm spent by hour 5 on the 3rd day. It's just inefficient.

[@martinapipan2759]

@@Quotenwagnerianer It deffers from country to country. In Slovenia we will soon have a 36 hour week trial to see how it goes 😊

[@Morellas4]

Hi Hayley, very good and informative video, good research - thanks :-)) In Germany the concept of minimum wages per law is rather new (exists since 2015). It was implemented to prevent exploitation of "cheap workers" by some companies. Per se maybe a good idea. But since then many companies think: "Oh well, I don't HAVE to pay more!" - and therefore a lot of companies pay less than before. The same goes for the minimum of payed holidays, which are generally 4 weeks per year in Germany (per law). But BEFORE this "minimum rule" it was COMMON to give 30 days (6 weeks). So this is not only a Bavarian thing, it depends on the company. (I know: compared to other countries this is a minor issue but still some good standards gets weakened over the last 20 years or so.) The statutory holidays differ from 10-14 days/year in the provinces/federal states (? Bundesländer) - depends in general if the province has more catholics or protestants (irrespective of what your own religion is). I live in Hessen where we generally have (only) 10 (grrr). ;-))

[@nelly8779]

Super informatives Video! Vielen Dank!

[@SoonerOU]

Sick leave works the same as it does in Germany in the whole EU :) It is true for Spain, Portugal, Italy, Ireland etc etc if you’re sick, stay home and social security and or employer will cover for your salary (sometimes it is not 100% but pretty close) Being sick is a right, and it’s okay we’re only humans 💜 As for paid holidays including state days off in Spain we’re talking about roughly 40 days in total (sometimes less depending on the region)

[@denise4954]

Hi Heyley, wieder mal super erklärt und auf den Punkt gebracht. Weiter so 👍

[@dr.g.eckert2409]

Dear Hayley, very informative and pretty nice to listen. Keep your emotionfull style!

[@Cheeseatingjunglista]

Mornin, bright and early, suns out in London, luckily no work today so can watch your work related vid without having to rush. Ace!!

[@JM-gj3fi]

In my new work place, where I am since 7 months, there is a collegue I have never ever seen.... She is sick since Oktober 2021 till now... I think sort of burnout after 20 years in this company.... But it's really important here that you recover properly before going back to work

[@dorothealorenz9624]

Congratulations to the 100.000 🎉🥂🍾😀

[@grandmak.]

Thanks for sharing your thoughts on worker's rights in Germany, Hayley ! I do hope a lot of Americans will watch this video and think about what they call 'socialism' or even 'communism' . The main difference in mind sets I have noticed is the general sense of solidarity in both countries. What I mean by that is that we Germany are used to paying high taxes ( and complain about it of course) but at the same time enjoy what we get in return and take that for granted without thinking wether someone else is getting more or less than we. The average American thinks " I have no kids, why should someone else get paid parental leave from my tax money?". The same relates to healthcare. Americans would consider it not fair if someone with cancer or a life long chronical disease gets more out of the health insurance than someone who never gets sick. We call ourselves a 'Solidargemeinschaft' and don't worry about who gets how much because it's ingrained in our society and consider it fair as far as equal rights are concerned. Another difference is there are legal rules and regulations for employers to follow regarding safety of the workplace and protection of employee's rights and companies are forced to follow the 'Arbeitsgesetz' ( work laws) - not to forget the unions. Every company with more than 5 employees can found a works council and every employee can become member of a union and that way get free legal advice and help.

[@tasminoben686]

Alle für einen und einer für alle! Allgemeinwohl geht vor Einzel wohl!

[@grandmak.]

@@tasminoben686 genau so isses, Ben !

[@DrKlausTrophobie]

Well, the legal advice from the union is not totally free. You pay for the membership. This payment is also where your salary comes from in case of organised strike. And, of course, not everybody shares this thoughts about Solidargemeinschaft. Read the "newspaper with 4 letters" or visit a Stammtisch and listen...

[@grandmak.]

@@DrKlausTrophobie of course you are right on both points but to be honest I can't take those Stammtisch/Bild people seriously. If you told them they didn't have to contribute to health care any longer but in the future pay for their medical issues themselves how many do you think would seriously agree to that ? The same relates to those who 'hate' unions. At the end they all profit from what the unions have fought for.

[@marylacken4016]

@@DrKlausTrophobie there are people, who would rather live in the US of course! And those people can sign for a green card, no one forces them to stay! I believe in free will. America can be a great place to live, if you have the right mindset. I feel very comfortable here in Germany. I have no issues with paying my taxes bc of all the benefits me and others get. I wouldn't enjoy living in a country with so much poverty even if I were rich. But thats only my point of view.

[@Dueruemtarget]

Many of today's workers' rights in Germany are the result of strikes by workers unions. That's the main issue in the States: Membership of workers unions in the US is much lower than in Germany. In addition, employers and unions even see each other as enemy in the US. I have the impression, that the american society is not based on mutual support and cooperation. It's more about being able to claim your personal rights to the maximum.

[@martintoepfl3881]

And, that wasn't mentioned, the institiuon of Works council (Betriebsrat bzw. Personalrat)

[@jessicaely2521]

Never though of it this way, but I guess the union is why my brother makes the kind of money he does, have the vacation time, have the sick time, paternity leave, and fantastic medical insurance in the US. Yes he works overtime, BUT he gets triple pay. Unfortunately that is the way his job is.

[@00_UU]

@@jessicaely2521 your brother is blessed. He probably lives somewhere up north?

[@00_UU]

Mutual support and cooperation are called "socialism" in the USA, so Americans were taught to hate anything that helps society as a whole. It is all about "I get everything, you get nothing" mentality. Dog eat dog society.

[@jessicaely2521]

@2_UU no he's in Miami which is South Florida. Florida has the southern most city in the continental US (this doesn't include any islands like Puerto Rico and Hawaii). Like I said he joined a union for his specific job.

[@Psychx_]

Did you know that in Austria, people recieve 14 full paychecks a year (one extra for summer, one for christmas), while in addition also having paid sick leave and a right to take time off?

[@BoDray]

Thank you for your perspective!

[@HayleyAlexis]

Thank you for watching

[@himmel-erdeundzuruck5682]

Yes, you are right: the days off increase the productivity. So we get more done throughout the year compared to the times before

[@TheChiefEng]

The difference between Europeans and Americans is simply that Europeans work to live while Americans apparently live to work. In America, employers don't care one bit about the workers. In Europe, employers are forced to care about their workers. Europeans care about lives and the health of others before they think about money. In America, everything is about money. Nothing else matters.

[@HayleyAlexis]

Very good observation. I always wonder if corporations/companies in Germany would offer the same rights if they were not mandated to do so?

[@Yotanido]

@@HayleyAlexis If suspect that, if all the worker's rights Germany has over the US went away suddenly, it wouldn't change much at first. People are used to having rights and employers taking them away would be a good way of losing your employees. However, I think over time this would slip and eventually employers would stop offering it. At the end of the say, corporations exist get make money. Even if the people in charge do care about their workers, reducing PTO might seem like a good option if it can generate more profit. And what is a day, anyway... or another... or another. And eventually the people in power get replaced with people who are used to the new lower standard and might not be as averse to lowering it a bit further.

[@kasperkjrsgaard1447]

@@HayleyAlexis Propably not. It’s not like there suddently came a “workforce rights Fairy” flying with a bag full of workforce rights powder to sprinkle over the management. Those rights were won in battles, in strikes, in sit down actions and month long negotiations. They were hard won and we should alwaus honour those who did the battles for the welfare of all of us.

[@chubbymoth5810]

It took a lot of blood and struggle to get these rights.

[@airlag]

Employers being forced to care for their workers for so long hopefully influenced the mindest of some of them for the better. Unfortunately that's not allways the case. There is a reason why companies build working plants in foreign countries with weak workers rights.

[@jackvandersluis1723]

Thanks for sharing! 🙂

[@HayleyAlexis]

Thanks for watching

[@gratefultess]

Yay! 100k subscribers soon 🙏🏽💯😎I’m watching your videos since 2015.

[@HayleyAlexis]

We are SOOOO FREAKING CLOSE and I can not believe it!

[@Thiesi]

4:40 - It's even better: You have the full six weeks of _Entgeltfortzahlung_ again if the reason for you being incapable to work is not the same as a previous one of the past six months.

[@HayleyAlexis]

😯 oh wow. I was trying my best to find out everything but there are so many things I missed! That is awesome

[@RustyDust101]

@@HayleyAlexis So, let's say, you came down with Covid and suffered serious Long Covid symptoms for six months. Then you had a bad accident, had several complicated fractures... presto, another six months of Entgeltfortzahlung. Again, the first six weeks by your employer, and the rest of the time by your health insurance. No question about the number of days off.

[@tobyk.4911]

Yes, for example some years ago I had a flu (which enabled a bacterial infection after few days, which then needed treatment by some antibiotic pills) that caused me to stay home for 2 weeks. Some months later, I got another flu which then escalated to a serious pneumonia, which kept me away from work for 10 weeks. So my employer continued to pay my salary for 2 weeks in January and 6 weeks in spring - for a total of 8 weeks ... because the second sickness was not a continuation or else somehow logically connected to the first one, but a "completely new" sickness. Oh ... and although I was unavailable for almost one quarter of the year (due to being sick or still recovering), I still got my full 30 days of vacation for the year.

[@Corum1966]

Thumbs up! I really enjoy your Videos, you are such an intelligent and reflective person. Biggest part of worker‘s rights are based on long and hard fights of work unions. In case you need more information please let me know; I am working in work council and can provide practical background information.

[@chrissiesbuchcocktail]

I have 50 clients (about 250 payslips) I do the wages for and I do that for many years now - so let me add some things: 1) You can get sick leave as long as you need it, it is not limited. So your job is safe even if you are sick longer than those six weeks or even those 78 weeks. 2) You have six weeks for each illness. So if you broke your leg you have six weeks and when you get a flu shortly after you are back you have again six weeks. The six weeks for the same illness start again after 6 months without a sick leave because of it. The first 4 weeks in a new job you have no paid sick leave (but "Krankengeld"). 3) Paid vacation by law (all states) is 20 days for a 5-workday-week, so basically 4 weeks / year. There are wage agreements for many industries and public service / "Beamte" who include more. Also many companies do pay more voluntarily. If you start somewhere new and you have a probation period your employer can make you wait until it ends to take your vacation. Many are gracious with it though. (If you need information for future videos about wages and things connected with it I would be happy to help, just send a message). Don't want to be mean but for a German it feels as if american workers are basically slaves. I would love to see some studies about productivity because my believe is that a german worker, even with all the vacations, sick leave and all other things is more productive than an american worker because the work-life balance is so much better.

[@deannaknudsen5462]

Another difference is that workers are entitled to co-determination through works councils (Betriebsrat in German). They hold elections every four years and have employees that serve on the council that advocate for employees (like HR, but for employees, not the employer). They can weigh in on unjust firings, discrimination, layoffs, working arrangements, etc. That's something that's so foreign to Americans (and many other countries), but I find the concept refreshing.

[@chkoha6462]

Another good video..no wonder the magic 100.000 is coming up soon!

[@HayleyAlexis]

Fingers crossed that it will happen by the end of the month!

[@monksuu]

About giving tips from a Finnish point of view. We don't have to tip the serving staff for doing an average effort of service because it is assumed to be included in the price of the product. The customer pays the company for the product and the company should pay a decent salary to its employees. We/I tip the staff if the service or the product (for example, food in a restaurant) were better than the usual (waiter takes orders and brings food and drinks and chef makes ordinary tasting food) experience. We are already paying taxes for everything so tipping is, kind of, paying tax over tax if the amount, that the tip is calculated from, includes taxes. And, as you Hailey know, all prices for the end customer in the EU include the VAT. The salary for any full-time job should cover basic living expenses in the area you're working (and assumably living) in. Even for a couple working a minimum wage job each. That should be a human right. PS. "It takes a village to raise a child." It's the community that raises a child, not only their two parents. Every time anyone is interacting with a child they are shaping/raising the child. Too bad that people have forgotten being a part of the village these days living in bigger communities where you don't know everyone like in a village.

[@Noireinself]

cool to have you here :)

[@stefanritter8307]

the " back to work " bit was hilarious , well done ! :)

[@HayleyAlexis]

I thought it was pretty funny as well 😆

[@RustyDust101]

@@HayleyAlexis Funny, in the most desperately sarcastic way possible. 👍😁

[@bluesimmons6577]

As an American living in Hannover, I tend to overtip according to German standards and undertip relative to US standards. As an ex-server and barista, it’s ingrained in me. I overtip in the U.S. too (unless the service is shitty- then I do 15% still) because putting up with that many people’s BS in service industries deserves some “extra” from time to time. It always brightened my day when people gave me extra. I started working at a KiTa/kindergarten 9 weeks ago and have called out sick 10 out of 43 days (2 were public holidays). I don’t think I would have a job anymore in the U.S. but THANK THE STARS I not only have a job but am paid my full wage AND appreciated still by my co-workers, supervisor and organization. It’s weird but wonderful…It IS how it should be but still feels unnatural to me because I’ve NEVER had sick pay before nor employers who encouraged employees to call out when sick on TOP of getting 30 days vacations a year AND health insurance right away. I’m blown away!!! and need that sick pay plus health insurance because these kids have me sick on the regular!?!! 🤪😅😂

[@ivanamicimici]

@14.48 "...but before I get into the rant..." I'm sorry haven't you been ranting since 14 minutes now? Just kidding,I am living for these videos,you go girl! 👍

[@Osmone_Everony]

4:12 There's something else which could be mentioned along with this. After 6 weeks of sick leave you are required to pay the HI fee yourself (which was 180 Deutsch Marks in my case). However, my information is from back in the 90s where I was off for 8 weeks due to an accident at work.

[@kaleigh4081]

Hi Hayley, Just came across you recently and am hooked. I've been here over 30 years, but you are just so good at putting to words all the things I've thought all this time. Thank you! Btw the WORST thing, imo, is that there is no family leave in the States.... And then they go and make laws that are going to cause the most financially stressed people the most trouble when they suddenly have more mouths to feed. Then we have children with all the problems that come from parents who have no time to care for these children, because they can't afford to stay home.

[@nikkaa22]

In Slovakia - as a full time worker - we have paid sick leave (not always 100%), we have paid vacation (typically 20-30 days), and we have paid maternity leave 34 weeks (up to 3 years optional with a bit of financial help). the minimal wage is 3.7€/hour = 646€/month, which is pretty bad.

[@sv.sch.7900]

Just to complete the picture, there is a huge difference between your rights on paper and consequences in a lot of places. Depending on your employer and in a way your colleagues. You can´t easyily be fired for sick days. Even after months and months of sick leave there are high obstacles (As long as you work in a big enough company with less than 10 employees. Small companies can fire you much faster!) But there is still a depply rooted culture of showing up sick in Germany. In a lot of workplaces it´s common and expected as long as you "don`t carry your head under your arm" and a lot of employees play along willingly. There are no official legal consequences. But there are a lot of subtile possibilities like worse working hours, transfer to a different department or even to a different location, all of a sudden you can`t get vacations on you desired dates, you miss important informations, because colleagues "forgett", you get less qualified tasks... And it´s not uncommon for employers to fire someone after long or frequent sick leaves or get forced to sign a termination agreement. Same goes for parental leave, especially for dads. And a lot of employers prefer men to young women in the first place becauce of the risk of maternity leaves and sick days for children. It is changing, a little big faster now "thanks" to Covid and young people are better in claiming there rights than previous generations. And of course it`s a lot better compared to the US! But it´s still a long way to chance the mindset of people, too.

[@eckharddoring3868]

Jammern auf hohem Niveau.

[@sv.sch.7900]

@@eckharddoring3868 If you get the impression of whining, i´m sorry. It´s just a short summary of the realisitic work environment today. Some people in Europe simply still don´t get the concept of family time and putting your own health and wellbeeing over the needs of a workplace. Thats still way! better than a country without such great worker`s rights. But we need to be grateful and very careful not to loose some of these rights "for the needs of the economie".

[@ohauss]

@@sv.sch.7900 " all of a sudden you can`t get vacations on you desired dates" That's a lawsuit waiting to happen. Doubt any competent company would tolerate such shenanigans. There are labor courts for a reason.

[@sv.sch.7900]

@@ohauss In a lot of smaller companys it`quite normal to let employees sort vactions out among themeselfs. You can argue. But if your colleagues are pissed enough its possible, you lose out. Whats the lawsuit? There is no legal basis for vacation at a specific time. When the rest of the colleagues agree on the distribution of vacation times theres nothing you can do about it.

[@jpdegreef7805]

In Belgium most workers have between 4 to 6 weeks paid vaccation if they work full time .Above that we receive mostly end of may"double holiday pay"wich is about 90 % of the normal salary . Even when we are retired we receive a "double holiday pension".

[@JMS-2111]

Ok. I can add the example of Slovenian work laws, first a disclaimer, our workers rights were somewhat f------d up by the previous government, now in general I as a 38 year old man get 28 days payed vacation (1,5 days per working month + added time for various conditions like children, age, health issues, ....). As for sick days, in Slovenia when you're sick you go to the doctor, they determine how much time you'd need and sets up an appointment for that time, to check if you've recovered fully. If it's a long term illness, that takes more than 30 days, the company is reimbursed for your salary from the country, and you again have all the time to recover and get the full medical attention you need. As for maternity leave the standard is 1 year, with the option of the father taking 6 months off, after the mother uses the first 6 months.

[@twofarg0ne763]

i live in France, which has similar employment laws: FREE universal healthcare for everyone. The work week is 35 hours, your boss is not allowed to call or text you after hours, everyone gets 5 weeks paid vacation a year; plus 10 personal days, 5 sick days, and 13 paid holidays, and you're required to take your vacation. Many French companies actually shut down for 2 or 3 weeks a year (usually August), if you're planned vacation doesn't coincide with the plant closure, then you get paid anyway. If you get a serious illness you can collect your paycheck from your employer for 16 weeks before your insurance kicks in for up to 2 years. Parents get 10-17 weeks MINIMUM paid maternity leave (and once it's over for one parent the second parent is allowed to take their maturity leave, leaving the child with 34 weeks in the care of their parents. If the child needs additional care, you just tell your employer and they'll extend the maternity leave up to 2 years. Everyone takes maternity leave because it's illegal for an employer to replace or fire you while you're out. Companies are required by law to pay you a "living" wage that is set by the local work council, which is made up of non-business owners. Americans live to work, Europeans work to live. European countries feel the health and welfare of their citizens is the duty of the government, while in America neither employers or the government really care what happens to you.

[@obnoxiousNoxy]

Also: In Germany there's pretty much no at-will employment. Even when you haven't signed anything you're still in an emplyment contract with your employer, just a verbal one.

[@iScraM12]

Hey good video. Just to clarify, employers are mandated to pay 6 weeks of sick leave per sickness(or injury). So if you've been sick for 6 weeks with covid and then broke a leg your employer may be required to pay 12 weeks back to back.

[@burninghard]

Tipping is bad for the worker.. why? Because it´s a way for the employer to avoid paying higher wages and paying taxes. And it helps keeping the minimum wage low. If there was no tips there would be no one being able to live off that and employers would be forced to pay higher wages and lawmakers would feel more pressure to increase it thus driving up the minimum wage. Thus everyone would get a raise.

[@HayleyAlexis]

but lets say in Florida- the minimum wage is $10 an hour with $15 being the target in 4 years... How much more should they raise the minimum wage? This is a legit question- not me being a smart a**. Also what happens to the people that are averaging $20+ in restaurants? They would be taking a hefty pay cut.

[@daveamies5031]

I was surprised to find in Singapore tipping is illegal, I asked why and found that it was considered a pathway to allow bribery, so as an anti-corruption protection all tipping in all industries is illegal. but wages are good even retail staff and taxes are very low.

[@burninghard]

@@HayleyAlexis You brought up a good question there. Is a Federal minimum wage a good thing or should it be adjusted to local circumstances. To your question: imho the minimum wage should be raised to be a living wage. That could possibly be 13 bucks in let´s say Idaho and 20 bucks in let´s say Florida. "Also what happens to the people that are averaging $20+ in restaurants" They will earn more. If people at the low end (like those kitchen aids earning minimum wage) get more, people in upper income brackets will of course also demand more from their employer. And it´s not a god given right that employers can only pay minimum wage is it?

[@madmansurfing]

One issue I always miss in the discussion about labor law in the US vs rest of the world is protection against dismissal. It is the most powerful and important right of all. German labor law provides protection after you worked 6 months for the company and the company has at least 10 workers. Than an employer has to file a termination notice several weeks in advance and the reasons for that termination have to be presented to the employee. Not every reason is allowed under this legislation. You are especially protected if you are sick. You are not allowed to be dismissed because you are sick or while you are sick. Being part of a union, advertising for a union inside the company or taking part in an official strike is as well not a valid reason to getting dismissed. (This just scratches the surface but I thought it would be helpful to point this out) GreeZ PS: I don't think the main difference between the US and the rest of the planet is in "working to live" vs "living to work". Labor rights is something people have to fight for. America fought a fight against racism when at the same time, at least in Europe people fought for labor rights. Somehow the fight for labor rights was already over when the US figured out racism. Not giving advice, just wanted to give you my observation.

[@HayleyAlexis]

I agree! This is a wonderful protection that allows people the security to make mistakes and learn from them. In the USA you are expected to be perfect for the most part and no make mistakesonce your 3 day training is over LOL I do have to say though that the positive point for this is that employees can also quit very quickly. Sometimes the company can come after you legally BUT minimal do because of the financial burden and hassle... Is it correct to do this? NO but usually when it has gotten to the position where an employee just wants to get up and walk out- the working conditions are usually pretty sh*t

[@isalablomma]

@@HayleyAlexis True. BUT: you can quit on the spot in Germany as well. Happens all the time. You just have to get yourself a doctors note an leave ,,sick'' for a few weeks

[@pyrrhus70]

"You are not allowed to be dismissed because you are sick or while you are sick." Das ist so nicht ganz richtig. Sorry, dass ich auf Deutsch schreibe, aber auf Englisch bekomme ich es nicht so gut hin. Btw, ich bin ausgebildeter Personaler und Betriebswirt (und in der Gewerkschaft!). Grundsätzlich ist es absolut möglich wegen Krankheit zu kündigen (personenbedingte Kündigung). krankheitsbedingte Fehlzeiten und (andauernde) krankheitsbedingte Arbeitsunfähigkeit eines Arbeitnehmers können unter Umständen durchaus zu einer Kündigung führen. Allerdings ist das an hohe Anforderungen an den Arbeitgeber gebunden: 1. Negative Gesundheitsprognose (Beweislast trägt Arbeitgeber) 2. Erhebliche Beeinträchtigung der betrieblichen Interessen 3. Interessenabwägung (u.a. leidensgerechter Arbeitsplatz vorhanden, soziale Hintergründe etc.) Der Betrachtungszeitraum beträgt dabei üblicherweise zwischen zwei und drei Jahren. Bei chronischen Erkrankungen mit GDB kann u.U. noch das Integrationsamt mitreden. Sie sehen: es geht, ist aber a) sehr schwierig b) rechtlich ohne Garantie und c) miserabel fürs Arbeitgeberimage (Employer Branding) Und solange ein Kündigungsgrund innerhalb des Kündigungsschutzes besteht, kann jederzeit auch während einer Krankschreibung gekündigt werden. Dass beides also gar nicht geht, stimmt so nicht und gehört zu den Mythen des Arbeitslebens in Deutschland. Gleichwohl sehen sie auch, dass Willkürkündigungen nicht vom Gesetzgeber geduldet werden und Hire and Fire auch in diesen Punkten unterbunden werden Mit sommerlichen Grüßen Torsten Krueger.

[@patrickmunro5379]

Not sure if I’d say the US. has figured out racism

[@ArtjomKoslow]

@@pyrrhus70 Krankheitsbedingt kündigen ist ein bürokratischer Albtraum. Wenn man ganz abgewichst ist als Arbeitnehmer geht man zum Arbeitsgericht und die entscheiden selten zu Gunsten des Arbeitgebers. Been there, done that.

[@peter_meyer]

Hayley getting out the pitchforks again. Love it.

[@arnodobler1096]

Revolution!!!

[@HayleyAlexis]

They will burn me at the cross.. The witch

[@Stigma666]

@@HayleyAlexis thats what she said (my wife) ;)

[@Warrior6350]

What I heard from friends is that if they start at their first "real" job after university is that often they want to do such a good job that they often work overtime and also don't take vacation. But the thing is that the managers scold them for it. They will have a 1:1 talk about that they cannot work like that and they have to take vacation days and also take extra days off to compensate the overtime. So managers here really look out for the people so that they don't overwork themselves. I think it has something to do with regulations, but it is also good if your employees don't get burned out.

[@pkorobase]

You were right about the 6 weeks paid leave, _but_ it starts over when you get a different illness. so if you, say, got a broken leg, you'll get 6 weeks from your employer (and u to 78 weeks krankengeld from your insurance). but if after that you get, say, corona then you'll get another 6 weeks. and ifff you get a bad back, or runover in an accident, or anything unrelated, you'll get yet another 6 weeks (plus krankengeld). doesnt happen too often, but it does, and its not your financial problem.

[@jessicaely2521]

I work at Publix and they are starting to become like Germany. The vacation time is better, but could improve. We get 2 weeks (woohoo). I try to tell the younger employees that yes you might make $1 extra at Walmart, but you don't get the vacation time, sick time, stocks, family leave, paternal leave, better tuition reimbursement, and an easier time to get into management positions. If you start at Publix at 15 and work for them for 15 years you can retire as a millionaire. The children at my work don't understand.

[@tommay6590]

If I am not mistaken a lot of laws that were made on federal level in Germany are state level in the US which considering that the federal law making level was foreseen in the constitution as a exception makes sense. I think some states have some regulations similar to these in Germany but others don’t.

[@thegreenengineer7994]

The avarage amount of payd days off for vacation is 32,3 days. And this is only on days you work so Monday-Friday. So 5-7 weeks vacations are possible and then we have public holidays and also sick leave which are not put on your vacation days. And when u work on public holidays then you get a bonus (by law)

[@CaptainStuhlgang420]

1000 Subscribers left.. U earn that playbutton!

[@HayleyAlexis]

So close but it might be quite far away! The funny thing with KZbin is you never know what will happen :)

[@Eelynntravelchannel]

Im from Singapore, yes, we have both sick leave and hospital leave as full time employees, up to 60 days per year. Even going to the dentist, the sick leave is also eligible. Anything beyond that is considered as unpaid. We will often label that person that reports sick as "spoilling market", as if we do fall sick, the employer will want us to still report to work. I have heard of employers calling their employees who are in hospital to still work while they are in there. Unfortunately, the employers are not Americans but Asians.

[@caruso124]

Omg, I have a 8 months old baby and I wouldn't be physically able to work (I'm Assistant hotel manager)for at least a month after his birth, and apart for a strong iron deficiency I didn't have any health issue... (I'm italian, living in Uk) In Italy you usually get 5 month fully paid, here in Uk is about 10 months but the pay is reduced and 2 extra months not paid, 2 or 3 weeks for the father I don't remember the details.

[@Imzadi76]

As others said, the 6 weeks is per illness. This also means, that if you have the same illness within 6 months, the 6 weeks are being "angerechnet". And if this happens the past 12 months are being checked for the same illness. And something that a lot of people do not know know, if you start a new job you do not have Lohnfortzahlung within the first 28 days and get immediately Krankengeld.

[@paeckleful]

Hi Hayley, first of all, thank you for your content. As a german i consum a lot of informations regarding US vs Germany (and Europe), mostly from all the expats here on YT talking about it. And you are one of my favourits. Regarding your question, i wouldnt rank any basic right higher or lower, cuz they are exactly that: BASIC! Once you start erroding one of them, employers start to abuse it in their favour. So at least for me they're all equaly important. On a personal note, i never understood how people in the US call it the Land of the Free. The only thing free in that regard are the Companies using their workforce as modern slaves, more or less.

[@otto8970]

In Österreich ist es ähnlich wie in Deutschland, allerdings ist manches in Kollektivverträgen geregelt. Allerdings kann es in Kollektivverträgen nur verbessert werden. Ich arbeite für eine Bank, im Bankenkollektivvertrag war geregelt, dass nach 10 Jahren Betriebszugehörigkeit, der bezahlte Krankenstand auf 6 Monate ausgeweitet wird.

[@ThJohannes1962]

how about 'Hayley-for-congress'? I'm not joking .... great video

[@0animalproductworld558]

You look a lot happier and very likable! 🐇

[@smallblueangel]

one of the best things is: When you are sick while your holidays. You get your holidays back.

[@HayleyAlexis]

Oh*** that is interesting and something I did not know!

[@smallblueangel]

@@HayleyAlexis I had corona while my holiday in may. When you have a doctors note and send it to work they have to give you your holidays back It’s part of German workers rights

[@smallblueangel]

I now could asked for a new week off work

[@HayleyAlexis]

That is amazing

[@Humpelstilzchen]

@@HayleyAlexis Yep because vacation or holidays are supposed to be for recharging/relaxing only but recovering from a sickness isn't recharging / relaxing. German buerocracy have it's good things too 😉

[@heikolang335]

Hey Hayley, you missed out on the „Kinderkrankenschein“. You also get 10 days pto per year and child if your little one gets sick and you have to take care yourself. The cost will then be covered by your kids health insurance.

[@HayleyAlexis]

I missed so much- I also forgot to explicitly mention kindergeld!

[@heikolang335]

@UCicgp3OGKQHbBY_VYvzHRAw Never tried the option via WhatsApp, does this work at all

[@xasanth6318]

I'm in Germany and I'm on sick leave for 4 weeks at a time (which is the correct max). Also the maximum amount payed by the insurance is based on the same issue not for different issues.

[@BlackWater_49]

10:15 If you don't take your vacation days they have to pay you for them (under specific circumstances) so basically they have to pay you as if your year had an additional 30 work days.

[@HayleyAlexis]

Yeah I think my manager was just tired of seeing my face LMAO

[@BlackWater_49]

@@HayleyAlexis XD

[@ytgray]

@@HayleyAlexis At least here in Germany not taking your vacation is actually not allowed. The exception being if your contract (yeah, we do have work contracts here) with the company ends before you can take all the rest of it. You may do so in agreement with your employer but the company better be sure of your good will because in that case the payment does legally not fulfill your vacation right. AFAIK you as an employee could still demand your days off. As said - payoff is by default illegal.

[@Rick2010100]

No, if you don´t take them they expire. You can make a greement with the employer to pay them, but there is no automatism. In some cases you can take unused vacation days into the next year, but they have than to be taken in the first 3 months of the year, this also requires a arrangement with the employer.

[@s.j.1642]

I worked in the glas manufactore industrie with a globaly operating company and got sick with 40°C feaver yatta yatta yatta. Normally i would've stayed home and cured myself, but i chosse not to, because we had a big contract at that time and workers were getting layed off left and right (zeitarbeit in germany is just modern slavery!) and so i decided to get in and do my shifts like usual cause i was really needed. Long story short: I ended up with a trip to the hospital during my nightshift, got an emergency operation where they punctered my heartskin to drain around 1.5L fluids that pressured my heart and i had to fight with a heart muscle infect (don't know the english name sorry)! That was 4 years ago and i have crippling, chronic back and chest pain ever since and i am jobless to this day no mentioning losing some pumping power of my heart. The moral of the story is: STAY HOME WHEN YOU'RE SICK! After the 6 weeks i was layed of by my employer, even though they were planing to hire me for lifetime because they were so pleased with me!! NO ONE will thank you for sacrificing your health and body!

[@Cadfael007]

Hi Haley,. the Volkshochschulen (VHS) and others offer 5 days courses where you can learn "Business English", "working less stressfull" +++. You have to pay the course, but you don't need to take holidays for it! Your employer has to pay you 100%. In the end the employer profits from your better skills by the course...

[@mina_en_suiza]

A very much disputed right in Germany is work contract protection, which basically means, you can't be fired without a proper cause. A proper cause can be your company is downsizing (in this case, disabled and elderly employees get fired last) or a personal reason: you stole something or the quality of your work was bad. This is pretty good, once you managed to get into a permanent position, but pretty bad, when you're trying to find one. Employers in Germany are far more reluctant to hire permanent staff than in US, because it's so hard to get rid of them. So, this one has two sides. Great for boomers, not so great for young people.

[@Muck006]

I was "fired immediately" once ... and we had to settle this in court ... and they simply paid me 3 months wages, which wasnt that much because the salary was low. It was resolved quite quickly. That job / company involved employing students for some skilled labor (I was the "overseer" who unlocked the workshop and locked it again) ... and they got really pitiful wages, but it was treated as part of their education. So a lot of "abusive/exploitative wages" are a fact ... especially thanks to Schröder and his €450 jobs and changes to temporary workers ... which wasnt as easy before he made it worse. People used to have more permanent contracts before that ... especially in Universities. Oh and Schröder also messed up our state-run pensions because insurance companies needed a new business to make money, so now I have a smaller state-pension and two private ones that might not pay out much at all, because they are based upon speculative investments.

[@jhatje]

I have to explain the sick leave more in detail When you sick your insurance get the specific illeness on this illness you get your 6 weeks salary and after that 73 week get paid 67% by insurance this 73 weeks can taken whithin 3 years. If in this time another illness acurse the procedure starts new.

[@sandrab.764]

About the tipping culture i have to point out, that the minimum wage in Germany is higher than in most parts of the USA. It's at 10.45€ by law. And still yes ist sucks to work for minimum wage. But if you are an employee with minimum wage, you still have your health insurance like everybody else and all the other things you mentioned before. So the employees not have to rely so massive on the tips. In the USA the customer is the main wage payer and not the employer I think (please correct me if I'm wrong🙂) But anyway, good service should always be honored🥰

[@danilopapais1464]

Great video Hayley, now get back to work (jk, and yes I know filming and editing this is work as well). Btw, minimum wage will be at 12,- € at the end of the year (starting November I think). Oh and one thing: The big "C" has led in most countries (both in the US and Germany, but also other countries) to an increase in pay in food services and other badly paid jobs, at least we got that (with the increase offered we at least can see they knowingly underpaid people in those jobs).

[@rainersieghardt6285]

For the duration of paid sick leave in Germany you have to differentiate between "die gleiche Erkrankung" (= "the same illness") and "dieselbe Erkrankung" (= "the identical illness"). For more than one "die gleiche Erkrankung" (e. g. one flu in january, one in april and one in november the same year), each time starts a new 78-week deadline.

[@just42tube]

I would like to add that even though you're talking about workers rights, they are in some countries intertwined with the rights of all the residents and citizens. Unemployed, students etc. all have rights and get healthcare, sick payments.. For instance in my country people can have private insurances, work agreement based benefits and then nation wide social security benefits. Depending on your situation you can get benefits from some of these "safety nets" in all circumstances. In some way everyone is somehow insured. The benefits you get aren't universally same for every circumstance. But there is always some form of minimum support that you will have food, housing and medical care. Basic necessities are covered. It is intimately a subjective judgment, what is necessity in some situation, but a car rarely is. A internet connection, mobile phone, such things are necessary.

[@svenherrmann4134]

Die Zustände ins den USA machen einen ja selbst hier verrückt im Kopf. Ich finde es gut das du dann zu "uns" rüber gekommen bist.✌️😁 Es spricht für dich das du hier hin gekommenen bist ohne von allen Vorteilen (wie die bezahlten Krankentage und so weiter...) zu wissen und trotzdem hier anfangen zu arbeiten. Wo dein Chef dir erzählt hat beim ersten mal krank sein hier, was alles anders ist hat dich bestimmt gut überrascht. Allein das mit den Urlaubstagen 🤨😭

[@maxmustermann9587]

In Germany there is this thing called _Fürsorgepflicht des Arbeitgebers_ (employer duty of care) which means it is mandatory for employers to watch over their employees so they don't get into harm's way by the work they're doing. This applies to hazardous work environments but to overwork and amplification of sicknesses too. Neglect can result in employers being held accountable in court. There is also another aspect to this topic. Every employer is obliged to join a _Berufsgenossenschaft_ (a statutory accident insurance provider for employees). Since sick employees tend to have more accidents than healthy ones it can become quite costly when the Berufsgenossenschaft begins a new risk assessment based on how sick people are kept working in a company.

[@sok-yongleeigm6746]

Talking about workers' rights should include talking about the role and importance of unions. Most of the benefits you mentioned are only possible because of strong union involvement

[@HayleyAlexis]

Yes and corporations are fighting them as much as they possibly can in the USA.

[@Sunabe77]

That is true. Unions are fought against by German companies as well, but apparently they are less successful. Laws are protecting unions more. Unfortunately unions have been in decline in recent decades. I believe workers rights were even stronger developed a few decades ago.

[@winterlinde5395]

@@HayleyAlexis When I was member of the Betriebsrat in the 90s als Jugendvertreterin my employer had to give me the job after my apprenticeship (musste mich nach der Ausbildung übernehmen). You can’t be fired as a member of the Betriebsrat. There is a sick pay for if you have to stay at home for your sick child, too!

[@ohauss]

@@Sunabe77 German companies can't fight unions in the same way as in the US, because in larger, publicly traded companies, unions are represented on the board as a matter of law. That alone helps to curb some of the anti-union attitude. In addition, of course, in companies above a certain size, employees have a right to an employee representatives' council, which then must be heard for every firing and will routinely bring employee issues to the management.

[@hartmutwrith3134]

Our social insurance systems (health and pension, etc.) where introduced by chancler Count Otto von Bismarck in the 1880ies. In the imperial times. The idea was to care for the working class and to prevent them from poverty and thus keep the peace within the country and keep crime low. That influenced our business culture. I am glad about that. But it is not unique in northern Europe/old world.

[@bianca2817]

Immer wenn ich Hayley sehe, geht es mir sofort besser, egal wie schlecht es mir vorher ging, seriously! 😀🤟

[@burkhardproksch637]

Hello Hayley, I read somewhere in a comment that it is so that in the U.S. you live to work, in Germany, however, works to live, which is a serious difference, I think.

[@jeanpaulmichell7243]

That is a good way to describe it. It gets at the idea of what is expected of you, a sense of national pride.

[@just42tube]

All systems, no matter how harmful for many others, have some individuals with circumstances where they actually benefits from the system. This has been true with tipping, slavery, all kinds of discrimination, there always have been also those, who have benefited.