Hemichordata - General Characters, Classification and Affinities

Hemichordata is a small group of animal kingdom, consisting exclusively marine animals. They may be solitary or colonial, slow moving or sedentary, fossorial or tubicolous animals. They were placed under Chordata phylum as a subphylum in the past. But recently it was shifted to Invertebrates and upgraded to independent Phylum level and placed at the end of Invertebrate phylums close to Phylum Echinodermata.
Phylum Hemichordata shows affinities with Echinoderms and Chordates. Based on the embryological, biochemical and serological evidences, it was concluded that all the three i.e., Hemichordates, Echinoderms and Chordates might have evolved from Dipleurula larva like ancestor.

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