Having been a Tool and Die Maker for almost 40 years, i have done my share of heat-treating a few different types of steel, but mainly LOW-carbon ( it's not mild ) and regular Carbon Steel, which has a higher content of carbon in it, making it one of the "all-around" types of steel to work with. I've beenretired quite a while now but i'm sure these have stayed about the same. I have personally during my career, heat-treated at least a thousand individual pieces of Carbon steel, and not so much of LOW-carbon, otherwise known as "cold rolled steel". Basically get the piece A NICE cherry-RED IN COLOR AND THEN JUST dunk INTO A DECENT-SIZED CONTAINER OF OIL THAT IS NORMALLY USED FOR HEAT-TREATING PURPOSES. Suggested proper temp of the oil should be 150 degrees but it even works well at much lower temps. SO, into the oil it goes until it's cooled. Then clean the part, maybe with kerosene to remove the carbon flakes and the oil residue. The steel at this point is very hard, and needs for its' hardness to be reduced,otherwise the part will be extremely brittle and could shatter quite easily. After the part is cleanes it should be sand-blasted to remove the BLACK finish of the part so that the "drawing down process" can be performed. Once again, the part is heated using a torch or small furnace, BUT...........don't go nuts with the heat, and not directly. Heating the part slowly without using a direct flame will start to discolor the part, starting with a light brown color, continuing to a darker brown color ( we call those brown colors "straw" ) and then the following will be from light blue towards dark blue and then purple etc. Normally for working purposes, the ideal color would be either LIGHT-to_dark straw. Before the drawing down process, the carbon steel would have attained a hardness of .............. R/C 62 on the Rockewell scale. Afterwards it should be around 58-60 R/C, pretty darn good for most tooling applications. So the lesson for today is.........................LOW-Carbon steel ( cold rolled ) or standard "Carbon steel" with a much higher carbon content. Tadaaaaa for today.
@simpleforging33395 жыл бұрын
that is the best summary of heat treating basics I have seen. Thank you Mr. Samson
@f3ferret497 Жыл бұрын
Stopped watching the video to read this heat treat tutorial. Thanks for this... 🙏🏻
@listerinemint63867 жыл бұрын
Voice of the middle schooler, hands of an 80 year old. Great vid, keep up the good work.
@cmdaltctr6 жыл бұрын
LOL
@anchorbait66625 жыл бұрын
@bachelors of trolling degree, 2013 ummmm what? LOL
@kijinseija7275 жыл бұрын
And the foreskin of a 40 year old
@doncooperjr48174 жыл бұрын
@bachelors of trolling degree, 2013 love the name.
@EvilHippy383 жыл бұрын
LUL
@stanleykinzinger4 жыл бұрын
5:47 its called Martensite or Martensitic steel when it is crystallized with small, brittle grains. Ferritic or ferrite is when it cools for a longer time (depending on carbon content)
@johncunningham4820 Жыл бұрын
Pretty sure Martensitic is a STAINLESS Steel Grade , not Carbon steel .
@HawkyStudying11 ай бұрын
@@johncunningham4820Martensite is a metastable phase that forms in quenched steel (carbon steel, alloyed steel and martensitic stainless steel) that has a very high strength and hardness but high fragility too. All carbon and alloyed steels that can be quenched are able to form martensite, however not all stainless steel can be quenched, only martensitic steel as you said. These tipically contain around 13% of Chrome and 0.15 to 0.35% of Carbon. Other types of stainless steel like ferritic or the austenitic stainless steel contain even less carbon (0.05% aprox., hence why they are not hardenable) and more Chrome and Nickel. The most common type of stainless steel are austenitic steel, with very high contents of Chrome and Nickel
@dadencouri-duncan46235 жыл бұрын
I believe hardening requires it to hold at a certain temp for a while so the grain structure can change, and then cooling it. But what do I know. Just a welder
@cyanimpostor69715 жыл бұрын
Nah, it's a Japanese technique where if you heat and cool it, the steal experiences a change which then you hammer it to condense it but what do I know, I'm just a guy who looked in Wikipedia for a few minutes
@chuckwosilis12475 жыл бұрын
Not at all. The brighter red you get the piece, the harder it will be. Going to WHITE-hot color would make it a bit harder but i wouldn't advise it. Once the proper color has been achieved, hold that for 15-20 seconds at most and then quench in the oil bath.
@jubairahmed5719 Жыл бұрын
How do I convert HR hard sheet to soft sheet?
@johncunningham4820 Жыл бұрын
@@jubairahmed5719 . By annealing . Heat it cherry red and then allow it to Air Cool .
@canislupis87336 жыл бұрын
You know you can actually make a somewhat functional knife or sword out of mild steel it just won't hold an edge very long and it will bend if you hit it hard agianst something, but you don't have to worry about it breaking.
@lisandronari18315 жыл бұрын
You can make it out of mild steel and harden the blade
@Bauson5 жыл бұрын
Lisandro Nari hardening mild steel is almost impossible and if you pull it off it’s barely noticeable
@canesvenatici95885 жыл бұрын
Case hardening is still possible I think though.
@keithklassen53202 жыл бұрын
@@lisandronari1831 This exact video is about how mild steel doesn't harden.
@johncunningham4820 Жыл бұрын
@@lisandronari1831 . I'm pretty sure the POINT of THIS video is , that , NO you cannot Harden Mild Steel .
@davidkoncur38616 жыл бұрын
You can harden mild steel....Its called case hardening or carburizing
@markharrisllb4 жыл бұрын
For someone like myself just taking his first small steps into knifesmithing not knowing anything about metal this is invaluable. I know so little I was wondering why springs are such a popular starting point. Thank you, these are the things a lot of channels make the assumption everyone knows.
@jeffjoestar42453 жыл бұрын
i'm 10 months late but if you have any question about metallurgy or blacksmithing let me know, i'll try to answer to the best of my knowledge.
@joeryvergara1465 Жыл бұрын
777
@mihailmilev9909 Жыл бұрын
@@jeffjoestar4245 is there a steel with Boron Carbides? And what is it and why can't I find it on the internet? What does Boron do to steel if not form Carbides? And what about Titanium (in steel)?
@mihailmilev9909 Жыл бұрын
@@jeffjoestar4245 sry 1 yr late lol
@mihailmilev9909 Жыл бұрын
@@jeffjoestar4245 youtube mostly I meant*
@WXUZT3 жыл бұрын
Thank You. Kindly inform the approximate carbon content in the two samples for us viewers to be able to appreciate better.
@samosdolphins12318 күн бұрын
it is very interesting thanks. I heard that with high carbon steel, people in the outdoors use a flint to strike it and sparks come off it. would that not be a simple test, get a piece of quartz flint stone and strike mild steel and then strike carbon steel. carbon steel would give off sparks and mild steel will not? is this a fair test?
@MrTravis789 Жыл бұрын
i can see where confusion comes from, if we heat carbon steel and quench it hardens. If we let it cool slow it is annealed (softened). with other metals, copper for ex, once we heat it, it will be soft REGARDLESS of whether we cool it fast or slow
@fadielwerr9053 ай бұрын
Great job I have question for you, have you heard about chemical called caluanie , it can break mild steel within 3 min
@blargkliggle11216 жыл бұрын
"I'm gonna put this to rest" A sisyphean task if ever there was one.
@jocat20086 жыл бұрын
Any steel, even with minimal carbon, can be case hardened. High carbon should be annealed (soften) so that it can be worked with. It would then need to be tempered (hardened) to bring the hardness back. Mild carbon steel can be case hardened or tempered. I have made many knives over the years some of which from mild carbon and when case-hardened correctly, they last a very long time. As a professor of welding technology and metallurgical Sciences, I've learned that mild carbon steel does not deserve the bad rap that it often gets. Knife makers prefer high carbon steel such as 1095, because it will require less annealing and tempering. It's basically ready to go and a sharpened Edge will last a lot longer. But it does not mean that mild carbon is inferior.
@flippingnation34825 жыл бұрын
Case hardening is adding carbon, therefore it not being mild anymore. Soo
@glennwiebe51285 жыл бұрын
@@awashburn6944 well said. You addressed my exact question(s).
@patbiggin6445 жыл бұрын
He plays a professor in his video games. What he said makes no sense which if he was a professor, that's a mail in degree
@Hayyu.masterjii3 жыл бұрын
Nice explain but so far I understand u make clear what quenching effect on high carbon steel on quenching and secondly when it's get cool down normally
@martintimothy19153 жыл бұрын
My understanding is hi carbon or tool steel will produce red sparks when touched by a grinding disc, whereas mild steel will make yellow sparks .. how does that sound :)
@howdareyou78295 жыл бұрын
U definitely can harden mild steel not as well but I've done it more than once
@howdareyou78294 жыл бұрын
@POOR PIRANO no I think u would only be increasing your chances on a crack happening I recomend oil not water
@stevefromlondon91752 жыл бұрын
Hi great advice l want to make a chisel with tool steel about 5inch long x 1inch wide can l mig a mild steel rod to make the chisel longer Thank you you for any advice Regards Steve U.K. London
@BOSS3ayed892 жыл бұрын
Thank you for demonstrating
@jackthediscoverer2 жыл бұрын
4:26 pretty much what happened to the Rails the Pennydarren ran on, because the Rails that the Pennydarren ran on was cast iron
@TanveerAlam-oe7yt5 жыл бұрын
ReAlly nice practical. Thanks
@ashishm88504 жыл бұрын
Excellent demonstration and explanation. Thanks!
@FrugalFlyRodder8 ай бұрын
Let me see.. both metals were the same thickness, check. How about a test with both pieces with the exact same dimensions in all directions. The carbon steel looked to have been heated before the test and after. On the bend test, the mild steel was bent in the area that was not treated; however, the carbon steel that looked pretreated was clamped in the vise into the treated area. I'm no metallurgy expert, but sorry, this test looked skewed.
@scottleft36727 жыл бұрын
you only need a bit of high carbon urged into the cutting side.....or case harden it......the prosess for hardening it not simple....there are many ways ant the more controlled and repeated the better.
@garretttanner97885 жыл бұрын
Case hardening has no practical use I knife making. The hard steel would only penetrate a few thousandths of an inch and would be removed after the first time sharpening.
@tun1nua8655 жыл бұрын
very useful video, thx bro and good luck!
@mvred100 Жыл бұрын
Great video thank you
@sirjosefofhessen45274 жыл бұрын
How can an 14 gauge high carbon steel sugar loaf forged helmet too be rated does it qualify as hardened tempered steel
@EvilKris6 жыл бұрын
Thanks man very informative
@mitchs21487 жыл бұрын
thank you very much, well done and informative video !
@aaronandrewmonterola739411 ай бұрын
Does high carbon steel weight the same as mild steel?
@ocnightflyer13594 жыл бұрын
thank you!!
@giorgialeksandria66653 жыл бұрын
thanks a lot for this great information :)
@airpower76923 жыл бұрын
that mild steel need to be hotter than you had it high yellow or white it will harden quench in brine
@NAVEENKUMAR-hs5cw5 жыл бұрын
Cooling of the high carbon steel in the second time was water cooled or air cooled?
@bogdanpashchenko21425 жыл бұрын
NAVEEN KUMAR or was it overclocked?
@tebqzik_music2 жыл бұрын
Can I Make a Burglar Door and Windows with Stainless Steel
@nitishujjain64483 жыл бұрын
Which is heavier
@surfpanther5 жыл бұрын
I use 1095 steel for most of my knives. What's considered the best for a sword, like a katana or samurai style? I see a lot of people using 1045 or 1070...whats the best overall?
@user-sk9hl7si7l5 жыл бұрын
dud wut lmao @@couterei.1953
@tophat20022 жыл бұрын
Best nowadays is Magnacut
@TW3911 ай бұрын
Can u weld mild steel and hi tensile steel together easy
@TheRhysStreams4 жыл бұрын
What if you quench it in something like motor oil to increase the carbon in the steel?
@stevelamperta8653 жыл бұрын
what makes you think motor oil will increase the carbon in the steel ? You would need carbon to add to the steel first ! Quenching it in oil will only allow it to cool a little slower than water will ! If you want to increase the carbon content , you will have to add carbon to the steel during the heating process !
@kenyalangdigital49483 жыл бұрын
Nice video bro.
@Srk70282 жыл бұрын
is mild steel and low carbon steel same ?
@aliffiberahim2172 жыл бұрын
hye andrew how to welding high carbon steel?
@igorbarroncas94795 жыл бұрын
hight carbon steel is better?
@thewarlordscalling65374 жыл бұрын
u should perform this magic trick on America has got talent.
@IndAudio7 жыл бұрын
which steel is better for high magnetic field low carbon or high carbon?
@Heikki_Finland7 жыл бұрын
I guess it's only iron that works with magnets. The purer, the better.
@barretscott21916 жыл бұрын
High carbon works best to polarize....certain magnets shatter some don't.
@MrB16M4C7 жыл бұрын
If you want to see what steel your blade is made out of, snap it. If it does snap it's a good blade..... Well, not anymore. I did enjoy the vid though, had to make a joke
@raviadalja6 жыл бұрын
Little Dan McNamara You can check by the spring effect u don't have to push it till it snaps🤣🤣🤣🤣
@eddiesblacksmithingkjv91855 жыл бұрын
U do the test before you make the blade.
@diyland91795 жыл бұрын
How to see the difference between steel and iron
@donjtrump6 жыл бұрын
what are the carbon amounts in each piece?
@imransaifi26465 жыл бұрын
Which steel used in barbell.. Plz tell me
@ganjalfcreamcorn8438 Жыл бұрын
you bent the mild steel too far away from the end. the bit that was quenched stayed straight . and you didn't use the tip of the file on the high carbon. do it right. plus you used two different sized pieces. kind of a stupid test.
@aasony14186 жыл бұрын
Thank you 😀
@briandavid56684 жыл бұрын
What are you trying to proof, you have a piece of carbon steel i would have thought test the carbon steel before you qence it
@randyblackburn97654 жыл бұрын
Did you heat and quench and then test the non hardened end ?🤔
@BeerZerkeraidean3 жыл бұрын
Yes
@spiro38074 жыл бұрын
I watched this video because I wanna gonna buy some Carbon steel blades for cosplay so thank u for this
@sparkspark45085 жыл бұрын
Ok which one good
@dadencouri-duncan46235 жыл бұрын
That's not the "substance" its the crystal structure or grain structure. Tighter structure should be "harder"
@lotfihabib21327 жыл бұрын
thanks very nice video
@sethwarner25406 жыл бұрын
ok, so if you continued to bend the high carbon steel, wouldn't it break? you said you could bend it "all day". well, what have i been bending and breaking in just a few seconds? '
@s.sradon97823 жыл бұрын
you will learn to hate mild steel until you build a massive oil foundry and then you can make all steel as high carbon as you want.
@rizwanashrafi62007 жыл бұрын
Mild steel bend to smooth & high carbon steel not bend it break..... which one is use sir
@sumeetkhanna31836 жыл бұрын
rizwan bagban mild steel cold rolled is best
@ivefour5966 жыл бұрын
the two materials can be combined?
@canesvenatici95885 жыл бұрын
It's possible. Not an effective way to produce medium carbon steel though.
@bobloblaw93026 жыл бұрын
There's no I in Ferrous! Like there's no F'in Haddock!
@purelife18525 жыл бұрын
hello
@jubairahmed5719 Жыл бұрын
How do I convert HR hard sheet to soft sheet?
@John.S.Patton5 жыл бұрын
Look up mild steel because watching a video on a panther and there was a panther tested with mild steel
@mgtowanonymous31204 жыл бұрын
Tops knives has this figured out. There knives are fuggn aWSome
@DanielVBlades4 жыл бұрын
I think Buck does too, my 119 is incredibly hard. Found that out when I tried modifying the tip... freakin Valerian steel!
@triunnskytja54857 жыл бұрын
You don't understand how to quench mild steel. It can be done, though not easily. Also, your quenching of the high carbon will obviously cause the piece to be brittle, you quenched it in room temp water. Neither time did you bring the material up to the proper temperature for a heat treat.
@NickPaulsen6 жыл бұрын
I was thinking exactly the same. The metal just got a little red before dipping, and that is really not how it is supposed to be.
@iacsse63815 жыл бұрын
thank you.
@christopherray11067 жыл бұрын
A description of each process would be good, as dipping it in certain solutions for those of us not in the know, is a bit bilwildering
@sutrisadventure4 жыл бұрын
try quench mild steel in salt water.
@jkjkhardcore6664 жыл бұрын
How do i add more cwrbon to my steel, but not enough to make it cast iron?
@jkjkhardcore6664 жыл бұрын
@@awashburn6944 but that yields mild carbon steel, i guess that's better than. Nothing
@jkjkhardcore6664 жыл бұрын
@@awashburn6944 yes and that is ideal for armour, as the hard steel on the outer layer provides slashing protection, and the combined provides piercing protection.
@adrianeyre36307 жыл бұрын
MARTENSITIC
@andreimt33375 жыл бұрын
he put those pieces in the same cup! One after another! first in cold water, second in hot... smart boy! ))
@حكيمحكيم-ج5غ5 жыл бұрын
شكرا . 😊
@gabrielpan45926 жыл бұрын
That was such a bad experiment I have made a carving knife out of mild steal and I have carved over 5 Woden spoons and it still holds a edge
@robertdaet27376 жыл бұрын
Whats a wood compared to metal working?
@analogplanet96754 жыл бұрын
I even did a fair amount of carving with a brass knife I made as a kid. Held an edge better than expected. Obviously sucks compared to carbon steel.
@stizandelasage4 жыл бұрын
I pick the mild steel
@nicolasbroodryk34075 жыл бұрын
Are you Terrence Mckenna?
@addicted2oreos8 ай бұрын
5:02 yeah bend it towards yourself.....thats smart
@squattingturtle79763 жыл бұрын
Drink more water than you use to quench 😂
@Vinnay942 жыл бұрын
4:20 Omg that sound lol.
@chirunaiduchiru19398 ай бұрын
Please show me maginet less iron
@candiedapple18604 жыл бұрын
Mild Steel: Iron, but better.
@Villa1253 жыл бұрын
Didnt bend it from the poi t of hardening
@Valient66 жыл бұрын
You weren't even using the tip of the file to scratch the high carbon steel... You were using the portion of the mild steel that wasn't quesnched when you bent it. You can make austenitic steel from mild steel. You need to do some research. You can make non magnetic metal from magnetic metel by making it austenitic. A lot of stuff you say is kind of wrong.
@Valient65 жыл бұрын
@@awashburn6944 it's called allotropy. And these critical... Points change with ingredients. Also called eutectic points when the melting points are lowered.
@Valient65 жыл бұрын
@@awashburn6944 all non ferrous metals are non magnetic. I misused the terms for definitions instead of the properties.
@Valient65 жыл бұрын
@@awashburn6944 have you started learning about body centered cubic and face centered cubic? What about solid crystal forging? Vacuum induction forging is the best way to get super alloys with maximum strength and ductility.
@Valient65 жыл бұрын
@@awashburn6944 ok so you haven't heard about single Crystal formation. It is used for turbine compressor blades on jet engines. Instead of a structure of multiple crystals across the metal structure the entire part is formed as a single solid crystal with no boundary edges for weakness. Such as when ferrite and Pearlite form as the carbon diffuses. There's not much information on it. But there are a few wiki pages. It's really only for people who want to know what the future will be like.
@Valient65 жыл бұрын
@@awashburn6944 ok so how does the single Crystal process work?
@joelperillotempra93242 жыл бұрын
if you want a bearing hard of the carbon steel not bend or not cut folow the red color of the fire of the carbon steel the secret of JAPANESE TO QUENCH IS THE color blood of the fire of the samurai before they QUECNCH IT INTO THE OIL OR WATER TO AVOID OF CUTTING CRACKING ETC
@jeroenbeskers30127 жыл бұрын
Did you harden? It in water
@velthraytor61796 жыл бұрын
Is that a Irwin Record vice?
@alext90675 жыл бұрын
Non-ferrious material?
@jm-ux5dk5 жыл бұрын
Non magnetic little or no iron.
@markdykes50407 жыл бұрын
where do i get the some kind of magic steel? Please leave a link
@thingmaker35 жыл бұрын
Try the shop in Diagon Alley, London.
@happygirl93246 жыл бұрын
But altough, i learned a lesson..
@lupusdiem79765 жыл бұрын
1055 how is the hrc what that have
@Divine_Serpent_Geh4 жыл бұрын
Lupus Diem Too much HRC and the knife is useless for real work and will probably snap quite easily. Depends what you wants but for 1055, I’d say 52-55hrc is optimal. Also, too low hrc and the blade won’t be very functional at holding an edge. This is why the steel has to be tempered.
@lupusdiem79764 жыл бұрын
I like when hrc is 57-60
@jam92976 жыл бұрын
Ferrous, not "ferrious." Fair-iss
@thingmaker35 жыл бұрын
Ferr-oss ;)
@happygirl93246 жыл бұрын
I'M LAUGHING😂
@krunalkapadia32776 жыл бұрын
It's martensite
@kqxp Жыл бұрын
I suspect half the braying about higih carbon steel in these comments is from knife-obsessed Walking Dead cosplayers. Why would you complain about mild steel - something that half the shit that keeps you alive is made of..
@kingnouriyt6 жыл бұрын
Martensite
@loharbrothers37495 жыл бұрын
Ok
@tonywalker80307 жыл бұрын
Had YOU ever been crystalize ?
@kleidtomasse6 жыл бұрын
Lots of stupid people in the comment section cant accept the fact that high carbon steel breaks because its a hard steel. They would even critisize you for being right because they have some kind of knowledge from their years of imagining how steel should and shouldnt be. Yes high carbon steel (a steel that snaps when bent) are used better for knives because they are hard and hard metals hold an edge better than mild steel, in addition to that it can be heat treated to be springy and tough so it wont break when bent instead springs back to its original form. So in short high carbon steel + heat = tough metal - mild steel + heat = shitty metal.. the only way you can harden mild steel is by forging..
@OccultReader5 жыл бұрын
So if i got it right,high carbon steel should never be cooled down with water, only on its own?
@patbiggin6445 жыл бұрын
@@OccultReader depends on the alloy
@madscientist9715 жыл бұрын
martensite
@AtroposLeshesis3 жыл бұрын
So many things wrong with this
@lessiansaralonde6204 жыл бұрын
ferrious? might want to confirm your facts if you are going to try to use terminology.