HMS Sheffield D80 Type 42 Destroyer

[@SubBrief]

Thank you to the original Bohemian Eagle, The Mighty Jingles, for sharing his experience while writing this Ship Brief in 2023. He was a great help. Any mistakes in this video are my own and not a reflection of Mr. Jingles knowledge and experience. / bohemianeagle VERY IMPORTANT NOTE The SEA DART missile system was initially semi-active homing. An upgrade made it a 'more autonomous' active homing. Thus SEA DART was both Semi-active homing and Active homing in it's life time.

[@vxrdrummer]

Sea dart was also very very very loud. Completely irrelevant, but my ears are still ringing from being underneath the launcher a deck down when we loosed one off! Very interesting weapon and cool to see moving around in the magazine and stuff.

[@captwrecked]

Paul is an absolute Gem, and as of today, by his own admission on his channel, he is CANCER FREE, and recovering nicely. Cheers to Paul!

[@dwgray9000]

Fun fact about the Olympus, it was originally an aircraft engine, and it powered the concorde and the victor. The Type 82 Bristol class was cancelled when CVA01 was cancelled, the RN didn't need them without an aircraft carrier to escort.

[@captwrecked]

@@dwgray9000 I just had a giggle at the idea of a destroyer with an afterburning engine. lol. Obviously not the same variant as concorde. lol.

[@apieceofstring]

Jingles?! Here?? Wow it's a small internet sometimes! Best wishes on your recovery sir!

[@vxrdrummer]

I served on HMS Gloucester, my dad served on 5 Type 42s, my brother in law on 2 and, my Uncle was on Sheffield when she sank, and my other uncle was Coventry when she went down. I haven't started this video yet, but I'm looking forward to it. These were the work horses of our fleet for a number of years, and amazing ships to serve on. I went to T45 after Gloucester and it wasn't half as much fun to work on. They were my Dad's favourite ships as well and he served on all sorts of different classes!

[@icarus_falling]

I'm told the t45's are like going from a garage to an office block kind of thing?

[@corvanphoenix]

Wow, that's a lot of service from a single family! Thanks very much!

[@vxrdrummer]

@corvanphoenix thank you. We have done some years between us all. My Dad's dad was in the RN as well. It's a family business ha ha.

[@vxrdrummer]

@icarus_falling going from 42 to 45 is that sort of thing. Much more technologically complex, but not as hands on mechanical. Lots of complex digital systems.

[@vxrdrummer]

@icarus_falling it's also like that size wise. 42 is a like a row boat in comparison.

[@justandy333]

I would like to add that 'The Mighty Jingles' or Paul has recently had a diagnosis of bowel cancer. He has been in for treatment, Has been operated on, and because they caught it early he is expected to make a full recovery. He'll probably be out of commission for a week or 2 but he is over the worse of it. i think it would mean the world to him to show him some love in his time of need.

[@MrChickennugget360]

thats a paddeling! good to know he will be back up to speed.

[@MileHighModels]

Thank you. I saw his video, but it came out at the time of my own diagnosis with leukemia and just... didn't have the bandwidth/emotional energy to watch it. I am so glad he's expecting a full recovery. He's been a bright spot for me, and I'm sure many, many others, for a long time. Cancer f***ing sucks.

[@hangarrat101]

One of the men killed in the attack was Tony Norman. He was from the same town as me (small, 4K ish people in South East England.) there’s a memorial plaque to him inside the main church in town, and 2 years ago I had the honour of watching his mother lay a wreath at our war memorial in his memory on armistice day.

[@IMNOTAMUSED1]

We will remember him.

[@aidensman]

Love to see Jingles in the wild. Congrats to him for overcoming bowl cancer in recent weeks.

[@rdallas81]

BOWL 🥣 CANCER.. Yeah. Pretty much anything today that most people consume is highly processed and goes in a bowl can give bowl cancer.. Then a person may catch bowl 🥣 cancer and get bowel cancer.

[@rdallas81]

Bowl 🥣 cancer sucks. Happens when things are bought from China. May even lead to bowel cancer😊

[@LeeXRV]

First of all @sub brief, thank you sincerely for the amazing content. You're a great presenter. I served in the Royal Navy and my first (temp draft) ship was HMS Glasgow (early 2000s), it shocked me how awful they are to live on and Glasgow had some of her war wounds marked so people would remember. My Royal Navy basic training was very much influenced by the Falklands war. The Royal Navy spent a lot of time in introspection after the Falkland's war, the Royal Navy learned a huge number of lessons from the conflict, in terms of tactics with air defenses, ship construction, anti-air systems. We watched videos and heard first hand reports from RN personnel who served in the conflict. It was invaluable experience to the Royal Navy who hadn't had an active conflict with a dangerous enemy since WW2. And then in the first gulf war, HMS Gloucester potentially saved USS Missouri from a Silkworm. From detecting the Silkworm through to killing it, took her 89 seconds firing the missile over 7 miles before impact. The video onboard the USS Missouri makes for fascinating viewing. I later served on Type 23's that had the upgraded Sea Wolf anti-air systems.

[@jamesreid8523]

As a Brit Thank You For doing this Video.

[@danielmarshall4587]

As a Brit I enjoyed this video very much. Also your appreciation of the Lynx Helicopter brought me a smile, good to hear folk giving us Brit credit for something we do well, many thanks.

[@almac2598]

I served on a Batch 3 42. Sea Dart was steered by the 909 radar, of which there are two (the white domes). There were 3 live firings whilst I was on board including one surface to surface. All three hit. HMS Gloucester's Sea Dart took out a Silkworm missile that was aimed at the USS Missouri during the Gulf War. The Torpedo launchers were not internal, but were 2 Ships Torpedo Weapon System (STWS) one each side of the ship on 01 deck just aft of the uptakes. The Lynx HAS Mk 3 cruised at 120 knts, max was about 140 knts. The Lynx that obtained the speed you talked about was G-LYNX, an Army variant which was very much lighter than the RN version (skids instead of oleos, no radar, etc) fitted with British Experimental Rotor Programme (BERP) blades (now standard) flown by Westland Helecopters test pilots for the record breaking flight of 249 mph. There were 2 182 towed Torpedo decoys, don't remember the other one you talked about.

[@BruceCromell]

I will say that a Sea Dart can be effective against a Silkworm missile, as the HMS Gloucester D96 did indeed shoot one down that was headed straight for our ship the USS Missouri BB-63 in the Gulf War. Big thanks to all the British Sailors that helped us during the Gulf War! I can't thank you enough as I and my shipmates were sitting at repair 2 which is on the second deck between turrets 1 and 2, with three red hot glowing barrels, and we are standing on the armored deck so not much protection.

[@alanmcclenaghan7548]

You may be interested to know that Captain Salt did have a redemption arc, going on to command another Type 42 (Southhampton) and as Assistant Chief of the Naval Staff he was responsible for the Royal Navy's planning for the execution of the Gulf War. So the lessons learned from the sinking of Sheffield may have contributed to the Gloucester's defense of Missouri.

[@williammagoffin9324]

It should be mentioned that those were Sea Dart Mod. 2s in the Gulf War. Those had their old vacuum tube electronics replaced with modern stuff giving a lot more features incl. capability against sea skimming missiles. Much improved over the original Sea Darts from the Falklands.

[@tomriley5790]

@@alanmcclenaghan7548 he was never court martialled for the loss of his ship - something which nearly always happens when a ship is sunk... make of that what you will.

[@daniel-leejones8396]

​@@alanmcclenaghan7548that is really interesting, I have read Sam Salts book about the loss of Sheffield and many about the Falklands war, I was unaware of this but it makes sense, anything that I can read about the events surrounding it???

[@BadGaming101]

we are very proud of all military branches in the uk there service and sacrifice is not forgotten , thank you for covering this

[@Marcus51090]

The Clyde is absolutely hammering out these new frigate hulls there’s 4 already

[@kens32052]

The Mighty Jingles is truly missed on World of Tanks.

[@TraderDan58]

Agreed. I remember when he and QuickyBaby and Circon would platoon up and stream

[@Wannes_]

24:00 the black on the masts was painted out with gray paint, to make it less observable Then there was a wide vertical stripe added from funnel top to waterline, to differentiate them from Argentinian Type 42s ...

[@dkoz8321]

Lynx and SeaLynx main rotor blades have special shaped sawtooth or dogleg tips that delays onset of retreating blade stall. This allows helicopter to achieve forawrd flight in excess of 180 knots (207 mph) for short periods of time depending on gross weight and air temperature. and humidity. Every helicopter can encounter retreating blade stall. Depends on design of rotor system, rotor blades, power, gross weight, and weather.

[@potusuk]

I went on board for some beers in Pompey with shipmates who were serving on her the night before they sailed for their Armilla Patrol. Next time I saw them was in Gib, they had spent Christmas away and were returning home, we were there for Exercise Springtrain 82. From there, well, we sailed South. Lost a couple of mates on Sheff. Antrim was way luckier, we got to go back to Pompey with our ship. RiP Shippers.

[@robertweller1137]

I'm here because Jingles sent me many years ago while playing Cold Waters! Brilliant to see you working together.

[@hmmjedi]

Just a quick note the P2 Neptune was not a UK build aircraft it was built by Lockheed from the late 1940's they had over the years 16 aircraft and they did aquire 8 from the RAF in 1958... during the war they finally ran out of spare parts and the Lockheed C-130's took over looking for targets... also for HMS Sheffield a message was being sent out on her SCOT (SATCOM) system which caused issue for her UAA1 sensor which was part of her ESM suite which could detect radar emissions from aircraft and missiles for example the Agave radar on the Super Etendards which would have given her some warning as she also didn't receive any data over the datalink from HMS Glasgow which had the updated radar system the 965M which detected the Etendards when they popped up at around 45nm... As to the reasoning for the Phalanx gun it was simple it was lighter than Goalkeeper and the Type 42's had little in the way of excess weight to be added high up which is why the Batch 3's where longer and heavier, Batch 2 design was already set at this point. As to the Type 22's they where running goalkeeper duties on the carriers at that time to defend them from the Exocets... and a final note on the Mk8 4.5inch gun it was a pretty good gun system and was used by the Type 21 frigates for shore bombardment on multiple occasions though yes it did jam on a few occasions it was a more reliable weapon than has been made out...

[@Hiram1000]

That interference is exactly why the Moskva didn't see the Ukrainian missile on its way to sink it.

[@redjacc7581]

In response to Glasgow's warning, an order to stand to was issued to the crews of the 4.5 inch gun, Sea Dart and 20 mm guns. The aircraft were detected on the forward Type 909 radar but not on the aft set.[3] Sheffield's UAA1 sensor was then blocked by an unauthorised transmission by the ship's satellite communications systems (SCOT)

[@howardtayloresq.]

Yes, that was very interesting. Interesting that the Scot SATCOM caused interference with the beadstead radar! Not goot

[@howardtayloresq.]

Yes it was

[@howardtayloresq.]

Sorry to bombard you with stuff but did the 4.5 gun have a low level anti aircraft capacity?

[@richardvernon317]

@@howardtayloresq. The SCOT didn't effect the 965, it "jammed" the UAA1 ESM system due to the proximity of the Antenna. Parabolic dishes do have side lobes.

[@richardvernon317]

@@howardtayloresq. The 4.5 inch shell did have a proximity fuze. HMS Avenger did claim a kill on the last air launched Exocet fired on 3oth May 1982 with her gun. whether she actually got a kill on it or not is another matter.

[@tankdriver67m64]

Only one Type 82- Bristol- was built. No more were ordered because the large aircraft carriers they were to escort were canceled.

[@thatkyledude1093]

It's crazy to think that I cane here from Jingles' channel when he was doing the Cold Waters content, back when this channel was Jive Turkey. Now Aaron is shouting him out, and using him as a reference on Sub Brief. Love it. Truly a full circle type of moment.

[@jonathantarrant2449]

The attack on HMS Sheffield discussed is missing several factors. Argentina launched the SUE earlier, but had to turn back because of fuel issues. The may4th attack was launched with 2 SUE, each with an exocet. 1 was launched at the first target that was a type 42, the 2nd exocet launched at the largest, which was HMS Hermes the carrier. Sheffield was , using datalink at the time and had to shutdown their radar to transmit. Sheffield did its job and protected the fleet as a picket, the idea is not to lose the ship, but a bruke would be used in the same manner

[@Zippercdrr]

Jingles sent me here back when you where doing mostly Comd Waters. It's nice to see the nod back

[@WOTArtyNoobs]

I served on HMS Intrepid. As far as I am aware, the Exocet warhead didn't explode but the rocket motor spread the fire along with the contents of the galleys. Had the warhead detonated then it would have been a catastrophic loss. One thing we were not aware of at the time is that the Argentines had only just received the AM39 from the manufacturers and French engineers were still working with the Argentines to make the system work. There were suggestions that the French disconnected the warheads so they could not detonate. They could not make the missiles miss the target, but they could make it easier for the target to survive a hit. The same thing happened with Atlantic Conveyor, one of the ships taken up from trade carrying the supplies including spare helicopters. Both missiles impacted and Prince Andrew who witnessed it said that debris fell a quarter of a mile from the ship. However, it appears that neither missile detonated and they set fire to the ship instead. When the fire was burnt out the ship was boarded to see if anything could be recovered but nothing could be salvaged. According to one of the books written by the Sea Harrier pilots, the Combat Air Patrol was ordered to carry out a visual search away from the Task Force. Command lacked confidence in the Sea Harrier's ability to detect enemy ships using the Blue Fox radar. The tragedy was that had the CAP stayed where they were, they would have been able to intercept the Super Etendards when the RWR was detected. The engineers in 801 Squadron had been tweaking and extending the range of the Sea Harrier's radar. A pilot from 801 detected the Northern pincer of the Argentine Task Force whilst they were some distance from the British fleet. The Argentine attack was called off due to lack of wind for their carrier. However, the attempt led to the order to sink the Belgrano, lead ship of the Southern pincer of the attack.

[@NesconProductions]

Always great stuff here! Sad for the HMS Sheffield (& other British warships) that it took Exocet missiles used by Argentine forces to demonstrate the importance of CIWS. Will just add a footnote on the Lynx helicopters (seen at 15:55). These helicopters also carried (and seen in image in this video) Sea Stuka ASM's (can also be configured as SSM's). Worth noting for they were fired a # of times during the Falklands War (deployed from Type 42 destroyers) and though rather short ranged (25 km), and smaller warhead were highly accurate (especially considering Argentine forces had no adequate defense for these missiles).

[@jotabe1984]

Hi there... a way less common knowledge is that Argentina had 2 type 42 destroyers, purchased in late 70s from UK. the "ARA Hercules" and "ARA Santisima Trinidad". They were purchased as AAW destroyers to be deployed with the Argentine carrier "ARA 25 de Mayo". a surface group complemented by "ARA Py" a Gearing (Fram II upgrade) US built destroyer and a fleet tanker. Fun fact is that Argentina had an exact replica of the Type 42 that UK had, so they could train the best range to perform a strike like the one on Sheffield. it was quite an intel to have the exact ship to train with. back to 25 de mayo CVBG, This consisted in a pretty good surface group for late 70s and up until mid 80s, since the air group of ARA 25 de Mayo included S2E Trackers, which had onboard radar and the capability of performing AWACS tasks up to a prudent range (something UK could only do with Sea Kings at a much shorter range). Of course the Argentine navy had an achilles heel: The carrier wasn't large enough to carry 20 trackers (it only carried 6) + 10 choppers (it only carried 3 sea kings and 1 alouette) so despite having 2x Sea Lynx capability in the Type 42 to enlarge numbers, the ASW capability was limited to vetor coverage against non-nuclear subs. The defense was pretty solid against diesel-electric submarines, since the trackers could form an arrow shape coverage in front of the CVBG, and any contact would have to face the reinforcment from Sea King with sonnar and torps. Furthermore any surpassing sub would have to deal with one of the best hull mounted sonars in LatinAmerica, so odds were pretty good, considering most L.A. subs had a 10mile max range, so a propper attack should need be performed at a range of around 5km to be realistic. Not so easy job for an SSK Just for fun i will say that "25 de mayo" jet airwing was very limited, (with trackers and helicopters onboard, it could only take as much as 15 A4, but more realistic were an air wing between 7 and 12, the late introduction of the Super Etendard caused some problems bc space was very limited). The airwing was pretty limited number for just about everything and the only AA capability were the A4's AIM-9B and unreliable colt 20mm cannons (and later SUE with "average" agave radar, Magic 1 Missiles and 30mm DEFA 553 cannons). It was an ok airwing for naval strike in a short term war or to join a large coallition in a secondary role but it was not a valid airwing for a high intensity war against a larger fleet. Brasil had a twin of the 25 de mayo, the Minas Gerais, and by later stages of its life they purchased A4Ku and upgraded them with ELTA2032 radar, new avionics and the chance of firing Fox 1 and 2 missiles. It was unrealistic at a political level, but by 1982, Argentina could have had A4M modified with AGP-63 radar adapted (with a reduced antenna) like the A4AR had years after, and have an airwing that despite being subsonic had the chance of firing all kinds of missiles including Aim-7, AIM-120, and Harpoon missiles. pretty crazy power for the scooter in the 80s, but technically it was doable

[@Wannes_]

If they had had enough wind-over-deck, the British might have been in for a very nasty surprise, given the tenacity of the Argentinian pilots to press their attacks home Create a diversion with a couple S-2 sections at widely different bearings and at full throttle to provide targeting info and serve as bait to draw the Harrier CAP away, and send in the A-4s at wavetop height from a totally different bearing

[@seanspeer9991]

the crossover with the mighty jingles we never asked for but personaly, i alwase wanted.!!!

[@richmcmahon2452]

I've always wondered why the Sheffield was lost, when US Sailors were able to save the USS Stark under similar circumstances. No coordinated DC effort is bad. Did they not have portable pumps like the P-250s that could be connected to the fire main like we had back in the day? Fires at sea suck. That was a great video. A lot of respect for the guys on the Sheffield who didn't make it and those who fought with everything they had.

[@furiousscotsman2916]

I don't think they were particularly similar, here is a quick rundown of events. The exocet that hit her detonated and basically started a chain reaction in the galley, also by pure chance the missile hit (probably) the second worst place for it to hit on the ship - the Forward Auxiliary Machinery Room/Forward Engine Room and so when it impacted and exploded the missile took out the ship's electrical distribution systems and breached the pressurised sea water fire main. Due to the loss of water mains the crew were basically forced to tackle the blaze with handheld portable electrically powered pumps and buckets, the damage to the fire system severely hampered any firefighting response and any attempt at fire fighting to save the ship was basically pointless, but still the crew fought on for 4 hours trying to halt the blaze until it threatened to detonate the sea dart magazine and the Captain ordered abandon ship. To top this all off the CO, XO, and AAWO and his assistant were all not on the bridge at the time and the response to the actual hit was slow, in fact there remained confusion onboard and amongst other ships as to what had actually happened until some time after impact. There was a Board of Inquiry on the 7th of June 1982 and amongst their report you can find the following findings; 1. The spread of the fire was not adequately controlled due to the presence of ignitable material coverings, lack of adequate curtains and sealing to restrict smoke and fires. There was also a shortage of breathing apparatus while the forward escape manholes were found to be too small for men who actually were wearing breathing apparatus. 2. ( Refering to the events leading up to impact ) The board, found that the principal warfare officer and the anti-air warfare officer (AAWO) were guilty of negligence. Admiral John Fieldhouse, the commander in chief of the navy, decided not to court-martial them.

[@TheOriginalJAX]

Ay iv been on 2 of these! during the queens golden Jubilee in particular, Nottingham & Gloucester. Also spent some on time the type 23's Frigates and yeah they're all round great ships for there time so thanks for doing a ship brief on the Type 42. Also Nice to see Jingles was willing to help he's a top guy.

[@jamesgunn5103]

Hi Aaron, I love your work, but must correct you on 992 radar's purpose. It is target indication radar which is used to refine the fire control solution from 965 (which operates a t a much lower frequency and therrefore much nigher beamwidth) in order to help the 909 dishes under those big fibreglass domes (one on the bridge adn one on the hangar) THis could track targets a long way out, but had difficulty acquiring targets from 965 tracks. (in fairness 965 was a 50d era radar designed for early warning only) HTH James (ex Weapons engineer RN) Changing the subject, the Royal Navy knew about the vulnurabilites of the Type 42,, but Her Majesty's Tresaury were more interested in dismantling the Royal Navy at that time. We also knew about Damage Control, but nobody had dealt with a incocming missile before. The burning fuel created many unforeseen problems,which weere used in the design of future ships. Capt Salt was decoraed receiving a DSO and was not held responsible. THe CO of HMS COVENTRY did'n't' fare so well becuase of his mistakes. Having a submariner in command is no exceuse for not understanding the threat adn your ship's limitaitons, but Perhaps the Task Force Commander was deploying the resources the ships and weapons he had, rather than the ones he wanted/ needed. 🙂

[@bholdr----0]

This one deserves such an in-depth vid. Ship 'Brief' indeed. Cheers!

[@Yandarval]

The 10 minute cold to flank is more to do with a rapid dispersal during the Cold War. Giving a ship, the slim chance to get out of the instant blast zone of a nuke on the port.

[@blipp6035]

Antenna shown at 17:25 is for an older variant never fitted to a type 42 destroyer. Shef had a type 992 with associated ADN (from memory please confirm) antenna, long cigar shape. ADN being an end fed slotted array. No beam forming as described, which was a feature of later RN radars and it was certainly not 3-D.

[@lutzbernhardt5995]

Hello Aaron. I just want to say thank you for all the informing, interesting content! Regards from Essen, Germany!

[@deniermurch8693]

I had a nephew on Sheffield during the Falklands war. He left the Navy when he got back. I always wondered why, but now I understand why. Four hours fighting to save the ship must have been a nightmare I am also Ex Royal Navy, in the Fleet Air Arm, 815 sqdn. on HMS Albion in 1960.

[@Nick-bp7jf]

Hi. A bit of a long shot, but does the name Fred 'Foxy' Fowler ring any bells? He was fleet air arm same time as you.

[@deniermurch8693]

@Nick-bp7jf sorry it does not ring a bell, I was 815. Sqdn on HMS Albion to the far east 1960

[@Nick-bp7jf]

@@deniermurch8693 I thought it was a long shot. He has sadly passed now. He was aircraft maintanance. I know he served on HMS Ocean.

[@Wannes_]

26:20 Argentinia's Neptunes were built by Lockheed in the US, and former US Navy planes - not British (although they had also used them)

[@frederickmiles327]

The Argentine Neptune P2 are the French Navy version they flew from Pacific Island based to patrol the environs during bomb tests off Tahiti The French P2s had various electronic engagements with the RNZN T12 frigates HMNZS Otago and HMNZS Canterbury sent on an operational mission against the French nuclear trigger tests. The newer HMNZS Canterbury built 1971-74 had been designed for many of the similar op room fits as HMNZS Sheffield and the ECM/ESM and 965 radar fit would have been similar. And pretty much the same full fit 174M/184M solid state passive and active sonar and 992 target indicator were offered to the RNZN in 1970/71 but were rejected by the RNZN due to political decision of the NZ government to fit US equipment which the UK govt refused to do for inevitable commercial reasons and the personal experience of the prototype 184 sonar and 992 radar by the director of RNZN plans in 1970 who I talked to for 3 hours in Auckland in late 1982 or early 83. The Captain Ian Bradley also demanded the RNZN frigate be built without the revised solid state passive 174 which was the RNs main search sonar in the late cold war tracking Soviet cruisers at ranges of up 80km. NZ got the bulb MRS1 fire control rather than the solid state MRS6 fitted to G3 UK Leaders and refitted Rothesays

[@huiarama]

It might not be in the scope of this channel but I highly recommend the book 'Sea Harrier Over the Falkland's by Commander Nigel 'Sharkey' Ward. The CO of a Fleet Air Arm Harrier Squadron based of HMS Invincible.

[@pcdoodle1]

Very interesting watch. Thanks for the deep dive.

[@andrewmosher-le6ct]

Argentina had two Type 42s........At least one of them (possibly both) were escorting their aircraft carrier 25 de Mayo when she got within 100 miles of the RN Task Force and was set to launch the A-4s of 3 Escadrilla but couldn't get enough wind over the deck.

[@dwgray9000]

You sure? I thought they were with General Belgrano when HMS Conqueror sank her.

[@tankdriver67m64]

Belgrano had a couple (3) Gearings with her. They may have had Exocets fitted. Belgrano supposedly had Sea Cat fitted.

[@aliwoods3004]

Hercules and Santisima Trinidad. Both gone now too. Neither lock horns in the Falklands I think, though vets may say otherwise.

[@Wannes_]

@@dwgray9000 No, the Air Group was north of the Falklands, with the Belgrano group south in a classic pincer movement. The Argentinians located the British TF first ! But 25 de Mayo couldn't launch an attack due to insufficient wind-over-deck. If there had been enough wind, it could well have turned the tide of the war ...

[@stevenlarratt3638]

My dad was about to leave with the task force but during his routine medical checks he got measles diagnosed and was put into quarantine. He never got the measles however one of his friends he was in line with did. I still maintain to this day that saved his life due to a cock up in Haslar.

[@harrysheffield624]

Hello Aaron, enjoying the tribute to HMS Sheffield . . . from Harry Sheffield !!!

[@TheNinjaMarmot]

There was a documentary I saw looking indepth at what happened when the ships were hit. There were a numbers of errors. Even by the Argentinian pilots. The ships crossed paths which basically meant at one point one of the ships did not have line of sight of the incoming missiles so couldn't engage. Turned out recently that the French may not have tweaked the exocet initially so they did not explode when they should have.

[@Aren-1997]

Would be interested to see you cover the Type 21 frigates, and in particular HMS Ambuscade which is soon coming back to the UK for a new Museum.

[@Peaches_NZ]

As someone that been on-board during a massive explosion and switchboard fire on a NZ leander class frigate in the early 2000's, knowing how scary and stressful that was, i can only imagine how horrible it must of been to know that close shipmates are dead and to have no water to fight and save anyone else and the very high potential of death yourself just of where you and the ship are

[@Wannes_]

48:46 the too close "type 64 pairing" would lead to the loss of HMS Coventry, as she manoeuvred into Broadsword's line of fire

[@bigsarge2085]

Interesting as always!

[@Riverina_Rural]

Really enjoying your content.

[@MultiCconway]

Gun mounts are usually mounted on the Main Deck instead of a superstructure (above the main deck). VHF radar have a pretty good range and can detect stealth aircraft.

[@michaelimbesi2314]

22:33 6 rotations per minute means the Type 1022 spins slower than the old one. The old one was 10 RPM, or 6 seconds to make a full rotation. At 6 RPM, the 1022 takes 10 seconds to make a full rotation.

[@alanthecat59]

jingles blessing , wow

[@timojarvenkyla]

good analysis

[@furiousscotsman2916]

For those wondering why HMS Shefield did not survive an unexploded exocet here is a quick synopsis; The exocet that hit her detonated and basically started a chain reaction in the galley, also by pure chance the missile hit (probably) the second worst place for it to hit on the ship - the Forward Auxiliary Machinery Room/Forward Engine Room and so when it impacted and exploded the missile took out the ship's electrical distribution systems and breached the pressurised sea water fire main. Due to the loss of water mains the crew were basically forced to tackle the blaze with handheld portable electrically powered pumps and buckets, the damage to the fire system severely hampered any firefighting response and any attempt at fire fighting to save the ship was basically pointless, but still the crew fought on for 4 hours trying to halt the blaze until it threatened to detonate the sea dart magazine and the Captain ordered abandon ship. To top this all off the CO, XO, and AAWO and his assistant were all not on the bridge at the time and the response to the actual hit was slow, in fact there remained confusion onboard and amongst other ships as to what had actually happened until some time after impact. There was a Board of Inquiry on the 7th of June 1982 and amongst their report you can find the following findings; 1. The spread of the fire was not adequately controlled due to the presence of ignitable material coverings, lack of adequate curtains and sealing to restrict smoke and fires. There was also a shortage of breathing apparatus while the forward escape manholes were found to be too small for men who actually were wearing breathing apparatus. 2. ( Refering to the events leading up to impact ) The board, found that the principal warfare officer and the anti-air warfare officer (AAWO) were guilty of negligence. Admiral John Fieldhouse, the commander in chief of the navy, decided not to court-martial them.

[@reapergaming380]

Thanks for detailed explanation

[@DWillis7]

I'd love to see a video on the Type 45 Daring Class Destroyer.

[@AdurianJ]

HMS Illustrious the carrier that was fitting out as the Falklands war went on got CIWS installed as an emergency measure as she was bound for the Falklands immediatley upon completion. She was comissioned underway.

[@billpaine6241]

Having served on a Knox class frigate, I totally understand the concept of being a sacrificial target. The nickname of “fast frigate” for FF was absolutely sarcastic.

[@buckstarchaser2376]

You mentioned that you wanted to know how a lynx chopper goes that fast. I was talking to a Lynx mechanic who told me that the lynx doesn't actually go that fast in realistic conditions. They simply removed everything that wasn't keeping it in the air, gutted the interior so it became a 1 seater, taped over holes where they took out lights and stuff, gave it just enough fuel to make the speed run but not enough to make a powered landing, and only one small pilot was in there.

[@aliwoods3004]

Shiny Shef did her job. Heroes, all of them. Budget cuts meant the Gannets we could have had were long gone. Though there was a plan to get them off a scrap heap and fly them up the ramp on Hermes. Not in time for the Falklands though, afterwards the RN got Searchwater on the SKs.

[@Fred_Bender]

During WW2 my father was a machinist on a ship in the South Pacific .He was not on a gun crew but he would help by spraying fire hoses on the barrels of 20mm anti aircraft guns to keep them cool.

[@jackroutledge352]

Those engines were absolute beasts. Same engine (with an extra turbine and no afterburner obviously), as the ones on Concorde.

[@fa0676]

Similar engines, but not 'the same'. The marinised version of the 593 was the TM3B, engineered to burn distillate diesel with different components

[@Vtarngpb]

I've always been a ground-pounder... I was lucky enough to walk onto the USS Mass as a kid, and my brother and I got to traverse and elevate some 40mm... I'd still rather be a knuckle dragger, but... I get it

[@TheSane42]

A recent Historigraph video here on youtube covered the loss of HMS Sheffield and the rest of the Falklands conflict. It mentions that Sheffield was using its satellite coms at the time of the attack, which blocked the radar from making the same detection as HMS Glasgow had. Also two key officers had stepped out of the operations room which possibly delayed a response to the situation, if any effective response was even possible.

[@TheNecromancer6666]

Just for reference: The Olympus was also used on the Concorde. That is one insanely powerful turbine. Also surprisingly efficient by the standards of the time.

[@Chris-Pringle]

These should be a series on their own

[@polaris6644]

Quick question for anyone in the comments. What happened to the video on the Harsfjarden Incident? I can't find it on the channel.

[@DaystromDataConcepts]

Reading a book on the conflict, I was suprised to learn that the type 42 was also in service with the Argentinian navy. I guess it's the nature of war that the very weapons you design and build will, or can, be used against you at times.

[@john_in_phoenix]

I'm pretty sure the acoustic torpedo decoy was originally a British invention and given to the US during WWII (like the cavity magnetron). I will also note that the P-2 Neptune was manufactured by Lockheed (very much a US company). I suspect the "false detections" were first the Neptune, then the attack aircraft popping up above the radar horizon, and then back down. The radar operator should have sent CAP to investigate (hindsight is always 20/20). This was an interesting time to live through (I was friends with some of the US military radar analysts trying to figure out lessons from this war).

[@haytorrock3312]

Anyone interested in this conflict and the type 42 should definitely read "Four weeks in may" by David Hart-Dyke, the CO. Gives a first hand account of their journey to the Falklands and their operations before Coventrys loss.

[@bholdr----0]

My understanding of the propulsion paradigm follows, re: COGAG, (is it correct?) 'Why do they have two sets of turbines?' is a common question... Well, it comes down to that turbines have one narrow powerband where they operate at max efficiency. If the set that is meant to drive the ship at 30+ knots was used to go 18 knots, it would use almost the same amount of gas... So it makes sense to have a lower power set that is most efficient for, say, 12-18 knots, and one for 25-30 knots. The alternative being using complex gearing systems, and, having both systems provides redundancy- always desirable in a warship... OK, SO- That is my understanding of the advantages of this paradigm. If anyone that has actually workes in such, id like to know if the foregoing (basic summation of (COGAG, etc?) is correct... ? Cheers!

[@skenzyme81]

Goodness, how small was a frigate in the 70s?

[@CodyChepa88]

Another great video

[@steves8482]

Hi - great vid as per usual, thanks - disregarding carrier AWACS, would the the US sensors/missiles of the period have been markedly more effective in the same situation?

[@Nick-bp7jf]

HMS Conqueror next please. As you are a former Submariner i am amazed you have not made a 'Sub Brief' about the only nuclear boat to fire in anger. That we know about.

[@GlenCychosz]

The 2 Canberra-class LHDs of the Royal Australian Navy have no missile and air defence. Nulka decoys are the only defence. I still can not understand this.

[@blipp6035]

Sea dart was not a beam riding missile, the earlier sea slug was beam riding. Sea dart was semi active, with the missile front antenna using reflective energy from the target which was illuminated by the ships 909 J band radar. The 909 missile reference radar (MRA) illuminated the rear of the missile, enabling the missile to calculate intercept point.

[@AdurianJ]

Its public domain that anti helicopter radars use the multi beam technique to find helicopter rotors. They have very wide radar lobes to catch the rotor when its perpendicular and then the radar lobe intersection provides the accuracy

[@williammagoffin9324]

Sheffield didn't have the torpedo tubes. The Batch 1 Type 42s (except for Sheffield) had the US SVTT mounts (STWS in British service) for Mk 46 located on the wings between the funnel and aft mast. Mk 46 was later replaced with Stingray. The tube doors shown in the superstructure of the ship are from a Type 23.

[@overkill1340]

I recognize that Strike Fleet ship profile. Given that the Exocet is radar guided, it won't see those infrared decoy rockets. They would need to be the chaff rockets.

[@rymoe6299]

I went on HMS manchester as exchange 😂 Best 2weeks of my army career Treated well and got rat arsed every night whilst on exercise

[@MrEddieLomax]

The argies did indeed own two type-42s, hence they knew about the capabilities of the sea dart. Years later one of them ingloriously rolled over and sank at its pier...

[@EricDKaufman]

As a loyal peon of The Salt Mines, I want to let everyone know that our dear overlord Jingles, aka Paul Carlton, is cancer free and at home recovering. Now I must go back to work mining that salt.

[@DERP_Squad]

The reason the type-22 frigate was not alongside the type-42 destroyer on the picket was that they were being used in a layered defence strategy. The thinking was that the Argentine Air Force would attempt to sink the carriers as those were the main threat in the task force. To get to the carriers they'd have to fly past the type-42s on picket, the harriers on cap and the type-22s on close defence. The thinking was it would keep the carriers safe, and it very much did. Unfortunately it somewhat left the type-42s out on their own without much cover and the Argentines realised they'd never get to the carriers, so went after the picket instead.

[@Wannes_]

It's Falklands, not Faulk Lands 😉 14:08 are IR decoys, won't help much against a radar guided missile like Exocet or Harpoon

[@thomasbernecky2078]

My Scottish Mom always used to say: "There are no cows in Glasgow." Hiya Jingles!

[@ianmaw66]

I believe it does do lead pursuit as you put it. The manufacturer claims that it has "proportional navigation".

[@tedbyron1499]

I mentioned this on the Slava video, but WTF with the cruise and sprint turbines????!!! I was a Fireman on the USS Carney, DDG 64 (a Flight I Burke) and we had 4 GE LM 2500 (marinized GE CF6, used on 747 and many other aircraft), each turbine produced 33.5k SHP. They were found in 2 MERs (forward and aft), each set of 2 turbines feed one GE Main Reduction Gear. Each MRG powered 1 shaft, which turned a screw (2 screws for 2 shafts). A Flight I Burke is 505x66 ft @ +8k tons, produced 100+k SHP and flank speed was close to 40 knots (true max speed was classified). Incidentally, this is the same set up found on Sprucans and Tichos and they could do better than 40kts (narrower beam). There were 3 throttles: 1 in each MER and 1 on the bridge and that was right next to the helm. The helm itself looked like the yoke from a large, modern airplane or an offshore speed boat. In fact one man could stand there and operate the ship in the exact same manner as an offshore speed boat. After every UNREP we would decouple from taking on fuel and stores and peel away from the tanker @ flank speed as The Old Man blasted Oscar Brand's chanty "Destroyer Life" over the 1MC. This the chorus: "Oh, it's roll and toss and pound and pitch And creak and groan you son of a bitch Oh, boy, it's a hell of a life on a destroyer"

[@aliwoods3004]

The computer room was beneath the ops room. The largest cross section was just above it.

[@FinsburyPhil]

The Type 42 batches 1 & 2 is a perfect case study in how cost saving affects effectiveness - and in the end actually makes the whole spend a waste of money. The batch 3s were 40ft longer (which was the original spec) which resulted in far better sea keeping and the space for more equipment - a Sea Wolf could have been accommodated.

[@byronharano2391]

40 years? I was in high school when this war broke out. The sinking of HMS Sheffield as a very modern and armed DD shook everyone to his or her core. Except for the Argentineans.

[@jonathantarrant2449]

Argentine air force practised against both the ara naval type 42. Hercules and trinidad prior to attacking the royal navy and knew the limits of the aaw side

[@1337flite]

Pretty sure the Lockheed Neptune was a US made aircraft - definately a US design. The RAF did fly them. Do surface ships have auxillary/portable pumps for fire fighting for when the fire main is damaged? Intuitively I'd have guessed if a fire main runs from bow to stern it's likely to get damaged if a missile or torpedo hits, so you'd plan on that and have something like petrol/diesel powered portable pumps around the vessel in the event the fire main is damaged.

[@richardvernon317]

Yes the British ships had portable pumps powered by a small gas turbine engine. Unfortunately they were built by the Rover Compony!!! Thus their reliability kind of sucked!!

[@martinjones12]

The neptune was NOT a UK built aircraft!!! its an American aircraft sir!!!

[@ABrit-bt6ce]

Enforcing 200 mile zone. HMS Conqueror.

[@st1nk1n]

Are Exocet cruise missiles? I thought cruise could navigate waypoints?

[@cbleyte]

Always enjoy Sub Brief, but more than a few errors in this video. For example, Sheffield's sensor and weapons fit in the spring of 1982 was quite different than that presented at the start of the vid. Different radars, different countermeasures gear, different torpedoes, no mention of sonars that were present. For example, the Corvus chaff launcher system was installed, and neither of Sea Gnat, Barricade or DLF were present. Barricade can launch both chaff and IR decoys, but Barricade IR even if present would have had no effect against Exocet, an active radar guided missile that would ignore IR decoys. DLF meanwhile is a floating passive decoy, not a chaff launcher.

[@Chilled_Mackers]

Grim title, but the book called "Watching men burn" by Tony McNally is a unique read, I had to put the book down a few times, just to shake off the feels it generated.

[@Robert-xy4xi]

Captain Salt on the Sheffield was using the satellite communication phone, and the Sheffield had to turn to standby her radar, because radar interferes with the satellite communication. Glasgow Captain had banned the use of satellite communication during daylight hours. Glasgow did detect a possible Exocet attack and informed Sheffield. Glasgow started to undertake anti missile manoeuvres turning and lunching chaff.

[@ghanaboyz]

Hello, Have you done anything on the submarines of Sweden? It would be very interesting to hear you view on them.

[@greggweber9967]

How big and necessary is Damage Control when you need it?

[@jasonyama333]

What is your opinion on manned AA guns, I think I read and saw videos of Brits strapping even gun to railing to shoot at attacking aircraft. I think they did get some kills.

[@EdDavidson-so4my]

No mentioned that the Sheffield wasn't closed up at action stations during the attack