Homo Neanderthalensis - Part One | The Out of Africa Series

[@dreamerliteraryproductions9423]

Thank you for a fascinating look at Neanderthal history, genetics, and migration! Well done!

[@bradconnor389]

Most comprehensive yet understandable video I’ve see on Neanderthals so far. Most just say “these ones went this way and these guys went this way”. Great work, subscribed 👌

[@andrewthomas3727]

Agreed , great detail

[@TERMICOBRA]

The Neanderthal remains by the straits of Gibraltar are remarkable. It's fascinating to think that across the strait of Gibraltar (about 8 miles separates Spain from Morocco) we (homo sapiens) left remains upwards of 350,000 years ago at the Jebel Irhoud site in Morocco. Those are the oldest known homo sapien remains found so far. You can see Morocco from Spain and vice versa. It makes you wonder if the two populations, over hundreds of thousands of years, ever saw each other's campfires or ever crossed over and interacted. We know both species were known to cross bodies of water that exceeded 8 miles like when Neanderthals made their way to Crete.

[@normanodekirk6766]

Great insight. 👍🏼 it seems (to me) like the question creates deeper submerged insights that creates the core questions (whose answers) would give us revelations of this area. Like the seeming lack of Neanderthal sights on the south side.

[@forestdweller5581]

Jebl Irhoud is not a typical Sapiens though. And Neanderthals definitely interacted with humans who were in Europe already. The researchers at Gibraltar suggest that Neanderthals lived there until as recent as 24-25 thousand years ago. The oldest Sapiens in Europe is recently indicated as the Neronian who were literally in the same place as Neanderthals already 55 thousand years ago in France. That is the 2 species interacting for 25 thousand years!

[@TERMICOBRA]

@@forestdweller5581 The "25 thousand years ago" estimate was disproven about 9 years ago. "Improved radiocarbon dating published in 2015 indicates that Neanderthals disappeared around 40,000 years ago, which overturns older carbon dating which indicated that Neanderthals may have lived as recently as 24,000 years ago,[3] including in refugia on the south coast of the Iberian peninsula such as Gorham's Cave. [4] " The homo sapiens in Europe 55 thousand years ago died out and left no genetic legacy to modern Europeans. When you wrote; "Jebl Irhoud is not a typical Sapiens though." were you intending to say that I was wrong? I'm confused by your addition of the word "though" as if you're providing contrarian evidence. Also; What do you mean by "not a typical Sapiens" because you went on to describe humans in Europe that appear to not be typical either when applying your purity test. Could you clarify if you're apply some test to say one isn't proof of sapiens while the other is?

[@forestdweller5581]

@@TERMICOBRA Jebl Irhoud is just an early Sapiens. That' s what i meant by that. But the debate about Gibraltar Neanderthals is raging fully mate. Lots of new research since 2015....The Finlayson team in Gibraltar maintains they survived until between 28-22 thousand years ago. The main critics of that in Spain are saying 30-32 thousand years ago is when they died out. You can find research papers from both in open access.

[@TERMICOBRA]

@@forestdweller5581 I don't see any new research by the Finlayson's that disprove the updated carbon dating that shot down their pre-2015 argument. Do you have a link?

[@lonetree1941]

Excellent content, more depth than I’ve seen before on Neanderthals.

[@anndriggers6660]

Love this channel. So glad you chose to represent them in a more human way than people usually do. Thank you for making this video

[@johnishikawa2200]

As an armchair follower of this material , I found the video quite informative . You put into words much of the jumble of the puzzle pieces that I think that I understand , and how modern microbiology dovetails beautifully with what paleo anthropology have been theorizing from the early 1960s . I believe that we are closing inexorably on the entire puzzle of our human origins thanks to all of these talented and dedicated researchers in their respective fields .

[@Straunson]

Great video. You have a good and clear pace to your commentary. Good work 👍.

[@Andy_Babb]

Can’t wait for part 2! Great video man! Keep at it brother!

[@NeilEvans-xq8ik]

Keep at it and I'm sure the channel will take off soon.

[@Andy_Babb]

I agree. This channel is fantastic

[@marianneb.7112]

Thank you for your excellent work!

[@frankshifreen]

Great video- wonderful story- thanks for making it so clear

[@TheTamriel]

Just a minor correction, DoS. The Kabwe 1 (Broken Hill) skull 324-274 kya in Zambia is indeed a _Homo heidelbergensis,_ a late one, simply because he is the common ancestor not just of Neanderthals and Denisovans, but of _H. sapiens_ as well who emerged in the Omo-Turkana Basin some 50-25 ky later. Both the site in Zambia and the sites in the named basin are located in the East African Rift. _H. heidelbergensis_ persisted in Africa much longer than in Eurasia.

[@DawnofSapiens]

You're right about Kabwe 1. I didn't mean to imply it wasn't H. heidelbergensis. I should have done a better job clarifying the point I was trying to make. Specifically I was presenting the doubts of paleoanthropologist Chris Stringer. He is on record stating that despite the fact that he was one of the earliest adopters of H. heidelbergensis as the LCA of all three species, the early age of Kabwe 1 has left him doubting their status as the LCA of sapiens, Neanderthals, and Denisovans. This view is not universal by any means but I value this cautious approach.

[@ola-mattisdrageset4327]

Top quality content, very interesting 👍💚 Subscribed 👍

[@chelseatheplumber9964]

I really truly enjoy your videos. They give me so much more than Stephan Milano, North 2.0 and etc. You answer all the questions and go in depth much more than I could have ever anticipated. Thank you so much. 💓

[@DawnofSapiens]

Stay tuned for the next video on the DNA of Neanderthals!

[@johnnyclifford9423]

Thank you, excellent content and delivery. I look forward to more. These distant cousins facinate me. 250,000 yrs they were here. That's a long time.

[@togodamnus]

@@johnnyclifford9423 The divergence of H neandertalensis and denisovii began over 700,000 years ago and both groups well established by 500,000 years ago while H sapiens began a divergence back in Africa around apprx 400,000 years ago and fully emerged by apprx in Africa apprx 300,000 ya, and had entered the Agean/Mediterranean (0pidima, Greece) by 200,000 ya. All three species shared landscapes with other hominin species including erectus bodoensis, heidelbergensis and there were other couture species like naledi, floriensis and luzonensis in remote far flung regions. In the case of sapiens, neandertalensis and denisovii there are at least 2 other yet identified hominins currently referred to as 'super archaic' and/or hominin X. It's a puzzle not yet halfway articulated but H sapiens and the other extinct forms of 2 legged hominins were definitely APES, with H sapiens being the oddball, outlier in the crowd. Rock on 🤘 Free Lee Berger!!!! 🖖

[@rockinbobokkin7831]

Thorough presentation with plenty of data. Excellent

[@raydavison4288]

Well done. Thank you.

[@liennitram9291]

Absolutely fantastic job on this channel man. Subbed, liked, and watching them all. Love from Western Kentucky.

[@CouchCommander5000]

Really enjoyed that thank you

[@thesjkexperience]

It seems, even before our ancestors left Africa, that Neanderthal numbers/population were not ever the numbers of Homo-Erectus or what our Hunter/gatherer ancestors achieved. I don’t have evidence, but I feel like Neanderthal’s success was greater in Asia, but left little/few artifacts. Proud to be a wee bit Neanderthal 😊

[@daveadalian4116]

Love this content. Keep going!

[@GriLtCheeZ]

Fantastic work! Thank you!

[@neclark08]

I've just found- & Liked this Video -- and Subscribed !

[@frankshifreen]

THESE WERE NOMADIC HUNTERS WHO FOLLOWED HERDS

[@danielpuckett7792]

Very complex work!

[@stevoplex]

My own methods and perhaps alternative classification and timeliness for the most recent hominids to our own is as follows. We know the first Neanderthals were named after the Neander Valley where they were found. More modern research has established that the Neanderthals roamed over a vast expanse of Eurasia, the fossil record shows quite a range of morphological features, unsurprising when looking at distances and millennia of anatomical divergence. These apparently mobile bands can no longer be lumped in the same Neander Valley. These relatives, migrating so far from their origins, should be called Meanderthals. Because they meandered far enough that they can form their own clade. And as for Denisovans, whose DNA we wiggled out from no other fossil remains than a tooth and a finger, but left almost no significant fossil remains, I propose the the descriptive "Infossible". For whatever reason.

[@arthurwebber-g4l]

Yes that's my cousin again.

[@RickB50SS]

Fab video. I think higher tech civilisations may have existed in antiquity.

[@tealion]

Where are the Neanderthal / Sapien hybrids?

[@howardleekilby7390]

❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤

[@mylucksmiles]

The problem with Neanderthal genes. It requires a down grade from human to describe westerners , 2% means not 100% . The fact is In the case of the records by the Anunnaki The human we know today in the western world was a product of genetic process in which the Anunnaki where experimenting leading to creating a worker and the Neanderthal in the Anunnaki records was a failure just before their final success . Many people can’t see the Anunnaki history being used to explain creation and later forming a religion from the bastardisation of both myth and truth. So we have a conflict between creationist and evolutionist . Yet both fail to connect with History and archaeological. Both are fighting to defend their doctrines and ignore the evidence now coming to light. Sad but true .

[@mylucksmiles]

How can Neanderthal people be history when I have Neanderthal DNA in me? According to reports I am Neanderthal and human DNA which means what you can’t work out yet. Rhetoric time to think for your self

[@Writer538]

People and DNA are not the same thing.

[@Souleater7777]

First

[@richardbennett4365]

I thought it was the Neander Valley.

[@DawnofSapiens]

It's been referred to as both. Admittedly "Neanderthal valley" is redundant since "thal" means valley in German.

[@haroldmorris5901]

Neanderthal remains have NEVER been found in Africa.

[@DawnofSapiens]

Yes, we can all agree on that.

[@michaelsteven1090]

Out of Africa? who?

[@DawnofSapiens]

Neanderthals were never in Africa. They were out of Africa.

[@DustinHawke]

@@DawnofSapiens Their ancestors came out of Africa.