How does an incandescent light bulb work

An incandescent light bulb is based on the heating effect of an electric current.
When a sufficiently large current flows through a thin metal wire called the filament, the wire heats up and glows.
In order to prevent the filament from burning, it is encapsulated in a glass enclosure filled with an inert gas or vacuum.
Incandescent light bulbs are not very energy-efficient.
A more detail presentation of the heating effect of electric currents can be found in this video: • Heating effect of a cu...