How does FLY-BY-WIRE work? The future of flight controls! Explained by CAPTAIN JOE

[@eigentlichnett8063]

Legends say that the interview with the Concorde pilot must be released at some point.

[@kasipatwongsamran287]

Didn’t expect to find an air-cooled Porsche in a fly-by-wire video.

[@User383i]

You are the reason that i want to become a pilot

[@thomady]

Same reason I became a pilot lol

[@maedrosdjemaa]

You can do it! im a pillt now cause of him

[@niallwalsh2027]

This will have thousands of likes in a few weeks

[@User383i]

Thank you very mutch maedros djeema

[@missykrouth8396]

Same

[@josevasco7795]

I'm a student pilot and today, in my class, we actually talked about the fly-by-wire technology in Advanced Instruments subject. Your videos are not only interesting for people seeking some random learning but also very useful for pilots by recalling it! Cheers from Portugal, keep it up, Joe!!

[@eloreneloreneloreneloreneloren]

Hey, what's your progress for today?

[@BadAssEngineering]

"This is not an airplane, but my car" That Flex

[@concretetoy54]

one day he will say "This is not a car, but my Concord"

[@bradlemmond]

Just an ordinary car...

[@CTMKD]

@@guitarfreak342 lmao

[@bleedaviation201]

11 years ago today, the "Miracle of the Hudson" was successfully pulled off ❤️

[@Haywood-Jablomie]

11 years ago today, I was 11 years younger.

[@moviestudios4681]

I think it was 12 years ago.

[@klssn34]

Actually it was tomorrow

[@tychobra1]

Riding the envelope 👍

[@Haywood-Jablomie]

@@moviestudios4681 12 years ago , I was 12 years younger

[@cleanwing6070]

Btw, Concorde! Was the first jet civil aircraft to use “Fly by wire” not actually it but very very first version of it P.S. Just realized Joe said it in the end of the video

[@Bartonovich52]

All of the ones previous to Airbus were analogue, though. It was also on the Avro Vulcan and A-5 Vigilante.

[@danfrankhouser6579]

My wife and I fly couple times a year. Since watching your videos I sit in my seat thinking about the subjects you've covered. Pretty cool! Thanks for sharing your amazing amount of knowledge and my hats off to all the pilots up there!

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

I’ve reached my goal😉

[@joshpeace2002]

That feeling when I see it’s been posted 32 seconds ago

[@Hopeless_and_Forlorn]

Nice job. Retired mechanic here--not many people realize that the Boeing 737-100 and -200, introduced in 1968 and 1969, had a basic but very functional fly-by-wire capability built into the SP-77 autopilot. With the autopilot engaged in control wheel steering mode (CWS), the control cable input lever on each flight control power control unit was locked at neutral and resisted any movement by the control cables. The force applied against this resistance was detected by force transducers mounted under the cockpit floor. Electrical signals from the force transducers were sent to the autopilot roll or pitch analog computers, processed with rate and angle limits, and output to the PCU servo valves to move the appropriate control surface. When the pilot force was removed, the computer either held the present bank or pitch attitude, or returned the aircraft to straight flight, depending upon sub-mode engagement. Watching the pilot fly the airplane in manual mode versus control wheel steering mode, it was normally impossible to see any difference in the pilot actions and results. By observing the autopilot engage switch paddle position, you could see whether the pilot was flying the airplane in manual, or utilizing the benefits of the electronic overseer. For its time, the Sperry SP-77/Boeing flight control system was nearly perfect.

[@gaudam514]

Joe we need to see your cars. That’s a sweet Porsche

[@chrisk1978]

Great video as always! Would you consider making one about how pilots navigate across oceans, particularly before GPS?

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

Nice idea for a video!

[@tomstravels520]

@@flywithcaptainjoe please could you do one about navigating overall. As in GPS waypoints, SID’s/STAR’s etc and maybe different types of approaches

[@BORDERMAN2000]

Probably using loron c

[@Bartonovich52]

Before GPS it was LORAN, OMEGA, and Inertial Navigation which was from about the 1960s. Before that, it was dead reckoning using a drift sight and flight computer like an E6B and making sun/star shots with a solar compass or a sextant. Errors were often significant and cumulative.. but usually good enough with the forecast upper winds from all of the weather ships to enable you to home in on a VOR or NDB which had ranges of a couple hundred miles.

[@wrightmf]

Back in 1980s I was talking with a former B17 air crew member (he never talked about combat missions), he mentioned one particular flight from mainland US to Hawaii in 1940s where the navigator wanted to make the best accurate timely arrival. Navigator constantly did observations and calculations with no breaks [I forgot to ask did he ever go pee?]. With so much work he got within one minute and one mile. I have no idea how it was normally done but I'm sure a good navigator is very essential.

[@Isuru14]

please do a video on airbus flight control laws as well (normal, direct and alternate)

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

Already in the making

[@thecommunist8050]

@@flywithcaptainjoe can you please explain how the radios work and how to operate them? please

[@khairlines]

@@flywithcaptainjoe yes king!!!

[@Isuru14]

@@flywithcaptainjoe Eagerly looking forwarding for it. Many Thanks!

[@topethermohenes7658]

Don't forget the dreaded "mechanical backup" 😂

[@ekaftan]

Pilot: 'disconnect autopilot, I want to fly manually' Airbus: 'I cant do that Dave'

[@the80386]

Pilot: 'well, my name is not Dave'. Airbus: 'Ah my mistake Sir, disengaging autopilot in 3-2-1'.

[@Damien.D]

@@the80386 =)

[@techhelpportalextras3007]

QF72?

[@topethermohenes7658]

Pilot : turn of all fly by wire computers Airbus : *left the chat

[@davem3421]

*sad dave noises

[@serhiimazur24]

Thank you, Joe! Your videos as usual are clear to understand! Greetings from Ukraine!

[@lennertpostert4404]

Joe, what an amazing video. I’m an Aeronautical Engineering student at the German military university in Munich, to become a military pilot. Basically, you just summarized what we had as an introduction to instrumentation and control engineering. Our professor used to work for Airbus and therefore he took the Fly by wire-system as an example to explain how control loops work. I’m amazed that you addressed so many details in a video that is not primarily intended for engineering students. I think your content is extremely helpful for anyone seeking to deepen their knowledge in aviation and I’d be lying if I said that your educational and motivational videos hadn’t been very helpful to myself to keep on going when university gets tough. Thanks for your awesome work!

[@Bobo-ym1df]

This is something I’ve always want to know

[@mugofbrown6234]

I did something vaguely similar; I drove a brand new Discovery around an off road course; brilliant! Buttons, bells and whistles, all mod cons. I then drove an old Defender. I ordered the Defender. It was old, clunky, required definate arm and leg input, but you could feel what the terrain was like and where the Landy wanted to go.

[@Vincent-wl4yb]

Does Captain Joe miss Airbus already???

[@techhelpportalextras3007]

Yep

[@marcoschultze7541]

Great introduction! As an aerospace engineer I hope there will be further videos explaining why FBW can be safer than mechanical systems and how a FBW system can detect damaged components and can still continue in normal law.

[@bigittbuss]

Now this is the topic I’ve been waiting for! Thanks for the great content Joe!

[@hkr667]

How would you know? You commented 2 minutes after the video went live.

[@bigittbuss]

You know what a thumbnail is, right? And this is obviously not the first time I watch his channel.

[@johnsonof9]

Joe is the only Aviation teacher that I've known of since 2019, I'm also watching this Video While reading the Fundamental of flight book. His channel will always inspire me and increase more of my knowledge.

[@danielmazin6153]

The one by John Anderson?

[@Glen.Danielsen]

I love this pilot of pilots! He brings the depths of aviation right to your eyes. 💛🙏🏼

[@ZK-APA]

Yes one topic will come here that is sidestick vs yoke in an airliner. Sure yoke feels more natural but a sidestick makes more sense as it makes the cockpit more comfortable and practical, especially when considering that flying is more of automation in an airliner.

[@M8K2E9]

Not a minute ago I was binge-watching your videos, and suddenly I got the notification. Believe me...For a second I thought youtube was spying on me

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

😂😂😂

[@vincentgrass6531]

Well technically they can know what you watch, it's how you get personalized recommendations

[@Mbonzo44]

You are actually one of the first channels I watched on your squawk code lesson when I was interested with aviation!

[@PilotStudd]

Thanks Joe, I’m working on a qualification project (EPQ) in college, regarding the automation and technological advancements of aircraft from 1912- the future, this will certainly be a good source of information for the segment on fly by wire controls! Keep it up :)

[@emmanuelex]

No one explains stuff better than you Captain Joe. I appreciate you

[@aleccross3535]

I wonder what becomes of Joe's face everytime he sees an A320 while in the cockpit of a 747. Cheers, Joe

[@mark-ish]

"I use to fly that lil mosquitoe" 😚😄

[@xiaofengzhang367]

Hahaha

[@JacobDlougach]

“How do you do, fellow kids?”

[@ocean.andaman2521]

I am an aviation student ... In my country now people say "why are you still study this major? in situation like this(corona disease)" I say aviation will be popular again after this situation,just "believe" For all aviation staff,Hope we will be strong together again

[@captaincjh7625]

Thank you very much for making this video...I have always been confused with the FBW system. You’re like a aviation teacher god.

[@MrPomelo555]

This is the reason why I started following Joe years ago. This is pure classical Captain Joe stuff. Fantastic work. Looking forward the next video, as I do wondered during the video « what happens if the computers fail? ». Thanks Joey.

[@Digi20]

depending on the aircraft, there sometimes is limited mechanical backup most commonly for the rudder and the horizontal stabilizer. that said, if the aircraft is so damaged that all redundant electrical and digital connections fail (that would mean no engine power, no apu, no battery power, no ram air turbine...or a fire in the avionics etc.) it will most probably crash anyway regardless of the control type.

[@hao6485]

Question for joe: Do you think the airbus cockpit is easier to fly than the Boeing (in terms of space and comfort)?

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

Yes I do

[@matthsini]

@@flywithcaptainjoe Is it because you flew Airbus before Boeing? (Or Maybe you also flew Boeing before the A320?)

[@adysoferu]

@@matthsini As far as I know, the 747 was his first Boeing, after the A320. But regarding the comfort in the cockpit, you can check the video where he and Dutch Pilot Girl compare the A320 and 737, where you have a more direct comparison with arguments from pilots from both sides.

[@Kucho29]

Not a pilot but always curious about this incredible machines work, thanks for always giving clear information!

[@brunogasperin]

That is pure gold! Thanks for all the knowledge!

[@teodorwrzoskowicz1204]

You helped me a lot with a flight tech school project about ATA 27 group (FCS). Thanks a million.

[@binzy9659]

Great aviation vid Joe. Keep it up! Also thanks for doing my suggestion for a vid! 😁

[@souptonuts]

I fly a fair amount for business and have noticed the "smoothness" or efficiency I guess of Airbus equipment as well as the 777. Now I know why. Thanks for another great video.

[@Emirates-uo1md]

Hey! Thanks for explaining that.. I always wondered what that meant 😃

[@obviousness8113]

To piggyback on Captain Joe's wise words..."A good pilot is always learning," You could also say, "A good _________ is always learning" because it's true for basically everything!

[@ricardoedelmann]

"Der Mann hat Geschmack" Nice little Red Machine in the beginning and great informative video as always!

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

Thanks buddy

[@ricardoedelmann]

@@flywithcaptainjoe You're welcome! Correct me if i'm wrong because i'm not entirely sure but isn't that a 930 2.7L ? :)

[@Horstroad]

12:42 McD followed with the MD11 in 1990. The MD11 was a FBW/FBC hybrid. Control wheel inputs in manual flight were transmitted digitally. Feedback was given via the cables. The elevator inputs are assisted in the neutral position. With no inputs, the elevators are automatically moved within 5° to keep the aircraft attitude stable. With the autopilot engaged, it's full FBW. The Flight Control Computers (2 pieces with 2 channels each, so four channels in total) control only one of the four actuators (four ailerons, four elevators) dependent on what channel is in control. The other three actuators of the ailerons and elevators are slaves driven by the linkages and cables that connect them all together. Theses cables and linkages also give feedback to the pilots. The 777 is full fly by wire. There are 16 position transducers on the control wheels/columns/pedals (6 for the control wheel (3 each for CM1 and CM2), 4 for the pedals (2 each for CM1 and CM2) and 6 for the column (3 each for CM1 and CM2)). They provide analog signals for the ACE (Actuator Control Electronics, 4 units) which convert these analog signals to digital. These digital signals are sent to the Primary flight computers (3 units) where they are processed with protection functions, stability augmentation and stuff like that. The processed signals are then sent back to the ACE and to the Autopilot Flight Director Computer. The ACEs convert the digital signals back to analog and send them to the control surfaces. The AFDC send the signals to the backdrive actuators on the control wheel/column/pedals for the protection functions (for example bank angle protection or tail strike protection). This is in normal manual mode. In secondary mode, when the PFC lack some information or have internal faults, some functions are not available (for example autopilot, envelope protection, thrust asymmetry compensation), but the PFC still process the digital signals and send them back to the ACE. In direct mode, when the PFC are not available at all, the ACE send the input signals straight to the control surfaces without processing. When the autopilot is active, the autopilot commands are sent from the AFDC to the PFC where they are processed and sent further to the ACE where they are converted to analog signals and sent to the control surfaces. The AFDC also send commands to the backdrive actuators on the wheels/columns/pedals for feedback. When all electronics fail, there is only pitch trim left for pitch control and two spoilers, one on either side, for roll control. These are the only actual mechanical controls left. The Control wheels/columns/pedals are mechanically linked together, so the L/H side always knows what the R/H side does and vice versa.

[@tomstravels520]

No mechanical rudder control?

[@Horstroad]

@@tomstravels520 There's no mechanical backup for the rudder on the 777. When you lose the ACEs you have only the horizontal stabilizer trim and two spoilers for attitude control.

[@tomstravels520]

@@Horstroad hmmm interesting. The A320/A330/A340 I believe have mechanical stabiliser (provided the correct 2 hydraulic systems are working) and rudder. Any other turn co-ordination is through asymmetric thrust The A380/A350 are completely different and use a Backup Control Module which is segregated from the normal system but does require a hydraulic system (Yellow only on A350) to be functioning as the power source but you can still maintain control of the THS, inboard ailerons, elevators (inboard only on A380) and rudder. It’s basically a non mechanical system

[@Marder1A1]

Fly by wire is truly interesting

[@moody1480]

Yeah

[@sylvainalarie6908]

Excellent video Capt. Joe!! I am a flight controls system engineer with 30 years experience, and have certified multiple FBW FCS systems for manufacturers around the world. You did a very good job at explaining the principles and keeping it in layman’s terms (otherwise it can get very complicated and nauseating). I don’t think I could really come up with negative comment on your work :). One thing you didn’t touch on, perhaps on purpose lol, is the whole debate on who should have ultimate authority of flight safety - the system or the pilot? It may have died down somewhat now, but there used to be an argument that pilots know best and should be allowed to break the aircraft if they see fit in a situation, and there have been cases where this has proven true. I guess you somewhat touched on it in discussing force feedback in controls. Congratulations again; I’m looking forward to the next one. Cheers!!

[@brad4057]

Fantastic video loads of info we are always learning..im wired

[@shadowof1155]

I have never flown a plane myself but i completely understand your reasoning with the "feel" of the feedback from boeing and not airbus that is why i love driving manual transmission cars over autos because i can feel the direct drive between the engine and the wheels through the shifter... Granted autos are much much smoother of a ride and shifting but i dont mind the less smooth ride or shifting as i enjoy the feeling of being in complete control and awareness of the vehicle i am driving (plus who wouldn't want to drive a manual after watching fast and furious lol)

[@ammarjamil4149]

The future is here😁

[@xiaofengzhang367]

Are you a fake Elon Musk ? Your video doesn't sound like the real one.

[@DrFrank-xj9bc]

You got a beautiful Oldtimer, with beautiful instruments - RPM and speedo - from VDO, very nice!

[@lime3107]

What we all have been waiting for without even knowing it

[@EmilSvitek]

Hi bro!

[@lime3107]

@@EmilSvitek - Hey another Lime

[@naturallyherb]

I used to fly the 737 and 777 on FSX/P3D, then switched to the A320 on X-Plane 11. I also fly the inibuilds A300 on XP11 which has conventional flight controls. I think the A300 is the most pilot-friendly plane as it combines the best of both worlds of elements from Airbus and Boeing.

[@egilll88]

You are my most favourite KZbinr🤩🤩🤩

[@yutahestifirmani7684]

Thank you so much captain joe for your videos is very great.

[@yulaviation3868]

Another great vid joe!

[@024HR]

@Just Jeb True

[@thetomgamerboi6817]

You are first! good vid tho i agree

[@yulaviation3868]

@Just Jeb But it’s a captain joe vid. It’s gonna be good for sure

[@024HR]

@@yulaviation3868 Yeah Thats For Sure

[@bikecommuter24]

The USAF F16 came out in the late 70's and is fly by wire and is still in service. I was a USAF Aircraft Mechanic all the jets I worked on were Hydraulic Flight controls, those were the C141, F15C and A10, the A10 was different because most of the actuators like for the rudders and ailerons were set up so both Hydraulic Systems powered each actuators so if one system was disabled it would still be powered, and if all hydraulic power was lost the pilot could flip a switch called Manual Reversion and fly it back to base using a cable and pulley system. Fun fact the APU on some Jet Aircraft are started by Hydraulic Accumulators.

[@mattm2572]

No please captain don't put a video online when I've an importante school teste to revise for tomorrow 😂

[@angelaf.2676]

Sei veramente esauriente nelle tue spiegazioni,adesso nn ho più paura di volare, grazie te..

[@safetyinstructor]

I'm not sure but I feel like you wanted to show off with your Car ;) Greetings from Hamburg!

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

If I wanted too, I would have shown the full car like other pilots do.

[@safetyinstructor]

@@flywithcaptainjoe haha true, and you would need a way more clickbaity thumbnail with a way cooler car than the one in the video.

[@Lorenzoavition]

I have flown in a piper full motion sim, and yes, while I was in it, I always had to have power, and keep my hands on the yoke just to keep it stable, so definitely fly by wire is way better.

[@DarkniteAviation]

Hey, can you please make a video on the touchdown zone/aiming zone, explaining where pilots are supposed to land and when the gears should touch the runway etc Thanks, your videos are really informative! Also, why don't you use a custom channel URl lol

[@FranklinDBluth-yq6ww]

Thanks. That was super clear. I always thought fly by wire was talking about the shape of the wings in relation to the tail.

[@jasonplays1776]

Hey Captain, hope you are well! I was just wondering, are there any major differences between the fly by wire system and the CWS (Control Wheel Steering) autopilot mode on a Boeing aircraft in terms of flying characteristics? Thanks, Jason

[@rexnihilum7822]

i'd love to know thid

[@discoverlight]

So spot on explanations. Leaves me out of questions. Everything g so clear, I’m just an aviation geek.

[@Smartlion1]

I like how he says "little cessna" I would love to see a big cessna

[@firmaneffendi2801]

Cessna cititation then

[@Smartlion1]

@@firmaneffendi2801 no something bigger. A cessna c380. A cessna version of the a380

[@firmaneffendi2801]

@@Smartlion1 chestnut then XD

[@fchanMSI]

FYI, many newer vehicles use “drive by wire” as the throttle is now is electronic so when press the throttle you actually pressing an electronic controller. Also some cars have electronic assisted steering to assist you with stating in middle of the road lane.

[@unityaviation5010]

Also here's a suggestion: MFS2020 747-8 landing challenge.

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

I rather do it in the real plane😉

[@unityaviation5010]

@@flywithcaptainjoe Oh ok. That would be an amazing video! You could do a Boeing 747 tour. If you haven't already though.

[@NiHaoMike64]

74 Gear tried it and found it wildly inaccurate.

[@unityaviation5010]

@@NiHaoMike64 Yeah because his 747 was bouncing at 120 knots. My suggestion wasn't good.

[@unityaviation5010]

@@flywithcaptainjoe Can you help my new Aviation Channel? It only has 13 subs, and if you want to go to it, search up cessna 172 descent and landing. Just wondering. You don't have to.

[@haithamayyash2454]

Your vidoes are why i am so into aviation, and i am loving it

[@flywithcaptainjoe]

Means a lot thanks!

[@A2dy]

Now I want a video on your car!

[@gauthamvinod1385]

Hi sir I am 12 years old from India I am a big fan of yours and now concentrating on my ppl knowledge now

[@sogwatchman]

1:54 - Should that be FWB or FBW for Fly By Wire ?

[@joegreenwood6551]

FWB is absolutely not Fly-By-Wire.....

[@tingyangchang7822]

@@joegreenwood6551 It seems that captain Joe had a wonderful day lol.

[@Ah-fd7ip]

Joe Greenwood It is it should be FBW Fly By Wires

[@ghomastottschalk1621]

Fly-Wire-By doesn't seem right :D

[@samuelitooooo]

I've heard of fly-by-wire technology being applied to a series of modern suburban electric trains in the London area, so this was interesting. Saving weight and reducing maintenance efforts were major priorities. (For those in the know, I'm referring to the Siemens Desiro City platform)

[@samthomas9445]

Captain Joe and Sam Chui collab maybe? Maybe that's already a thing IDK

[@Hans5958]

Chui is overrated

[@mojamoja3962]

@@Hans5958 Chui has social videos more than technical and he is likable. You can tell from his hosts whenever he is filming.

[@patolt1628]

Advantages and disadvantages are quite right and objective. I really like your videos. Perfect.

[@byjustxs1309]

I think I’ve never clicked on a video this fast :D

[@ryanmiller3020]

I’ve always found fly by wire technology, as well as the planes that use it, very fascinating. It’s actually worth noting that that Russian plane that you mentioned was a civilian plane. The military were using fly by wire prior to this. But we weren’t seeing it on fighter aircraft until 1979, with the introduction of the F-16 fighting falcon. It’s also worth noting that because modern fighters can’t afford to have the weight of mechanical back ups, and because they are so unstable, that if the computers were to fail, the pilot would lose control of the plane almost instantly, forcing him or her to eject. I believe all ejection seats are required to be mechanical for that very reason. As for the euro fighter typhoon that you mentioned in this video, I believe it is the most extreme example of instability traded off for maneuverability. In fact, that plain, rather than having a horizontal stabilizer, has a delta wing and canards, just aft of the nose. I was once told that if these were to take a direct hit from a missile or gun, during a dogfight for example, that particular plane would still tumble out of control and crash even if the computers were working correctly. In fact, the computer system in this particular plane was so critical, that they actually had to test it to make sure it would stand up to electronic interference.

[@Sterlingjob]

Concorde was FBW and the VC10 autopilot was FBW analog. You don't want a stable fighter jet.

[@ryanmiller3020]

@@Sterlingjob yes, but I think the F 16 was the first fighter plane to use digital fly by wire. From there, we had the A320 with hitch on digital fly by wire system. The Concorde may have been the first airliner to use fly by wire, but it was fairly primitive compared to the system used on the A320 and newer airbrush models. But still, the Concorde was very advanced for its time. I’ll be interested to hear what becomes of the boom overture.

[@niallwalsh2027]

I didn’t know I was this early

[@rkbys5297]

Your video helps not only pilots but also many of engineers

[@Sterlingjob]

You don’t need to know this level for flying or engineering. If a box goes down another box takes over. In 10 years I’ve never seen an elac problem, usually it’s sec3

[@schulz.]

1:54 Isn't is supposed to be "FBW"?

[@Haywood-Jablomie]

It's the Friends With Benefits system

[@JelmersAviation]

Finally I get clear what FBW is and how it works! Thanks a lot for that Joe!

[@Bea-zn6vx]

I was literally thinking about u 30mins ago

[@learnEnglishWithGANESHinTelugu]

I love aviation and one day I will be a pilot and also meet you for your signature sir, thank you, I love you sir( a good pilot would be always learning...)

[@raznet777]

1:52 the acronym had a typo lol

[@ag6371]

FBW

[@bfngaming6557]

I've been watching your video over and over for 1 year

[@strawberryj7186]

omg this seems scary to me.. how it could fail seems like less control of aircraft I know they got that backup but relying on signals... scary haha

[@leannexu3362]

That’s actually why the Boeing 737 Max failed

[@lumpichu]

I'd say it's potentially much more reliable than the pulleys. The old system has also wires, but so many more things that can get stuck :)

[@muqeemakhtar3356]

Liked this Vlog , flown B737 then came on A320 honestly found A320 reasonable pilot friendly and less headaches 😜

[@dee-jayonyango]

I know this is an immature joke but I very young so I was like, Wut da 5:25

[@aliibrahim-io7ki]

we are always enjoying with your clarification . Many thanks capt. Joe

[@francisgaliegue6645]

Now you've done it. You'll have to do four other videos explaining what are stall, overspeed, spin and overbank... You _did_ do it on purpose, didn"t you? :p

[@gabrielsimon7944]

A stall is when the stream of air flowing over the wings “detaches” from the wing and turns from laminar flow to turbulent flow. The rest are pretty self explanatory.

[@francisgaliegue6645]

@@gabrielsimon7944 sorry but no, this does not explain anything at all. I know about Navier-Stokes equations, which ultimately describe all of these phenomena, but knowing about the theory and how it translates into the real world is quite different...

[@patolt1628]

@@francisgaliegue6645 I don't understand what you are expecting. Stall as explained by many pilots (and Gabriel Simon) is clear. What happens in the real world? The airplane simply falls down since there is no more lift. No need of equations to understand that. Spin is an asymmetrical stall: one wing stalls before the other and the aircraft goes into a spin (there are many videos dealing with this physical phenomenon). Overspeed and overbank are self meaning, aren't they?

[@nsaikat19]

Joe you made the FWB understanding so easy to remember

[@flymexx320]

Real flying is fly-by-“steelwire”😉

[@sara98418]

Was that Steve at the beginning? ❤️Wonderful video, as always 😍😍

[@andrewkessinger5966]

Good looking Porsche. Glad to be seeing your videos again

[@estebanamador7601]

Nice Porsche!!! And really great video, thanks. Greetings

[@ManfredVonRichtoffen]

I’d love to see a general description of avionics for the B 737 and then more in depth by system

[@hcnagaveni8120]

12:05 🥁🎉🎊.......yesss.....the *CONCORDE* 😊

[@thephantom1492]

On car, the drive by wire for the accelerator pedal was kinda simple. They used 2 potentiometers (variable resistors) linked as a single one. Each potentiometer send it's own signal, meaning you have two signals for the pedal. The computer then compare both signals, and they must match, else it assume that the pedal is defect and goes into a protection mode. For example, the potentiometer receive ground (0V) and 5V, and will output a value between like 1V and 4V. As you notice it is not the full range. This is done on purpose as a first safety. If the signal is bellow 1V or over 4V then there is a problem, like a broken wire or shorted wire. And then the second one do the same. On some model, the signal of the second is inverted, instead of giving a 1 to 4V signal, it output a 4 to 1V signal. This add a second layer of safety, as if both signal wires are shorted together then the computer will be able to detect it as both signal will goes the same way instead of in inverse. Nowadays, they use some more complex modules, like instead of being a potentiometer (it have a wiper that slide on a carbon trace and ends up wearing it out, then intermittant signal), they use some hall sensors, or a capacitive sensor, which then convert the signal back into a voltage. For the car computer, all it see is the same kind of signal, and can't distinguish between the potentiometer and the hall/capacitive sensor. Some use a digital signal instead of an analog one, which make the pedal more complex, but make the wiring and the ECU simpler. For an analog one, you need a minimum of 6 wires (3 per potentiometers/hall/capacitive: ground, power, signal output). For digital, you only need 4 wires (ground, power, canbus-, canbus+). The safety of the digital one is in the signal itself, in the form of data checksum. That was for the control. Now, for the actuator.... That is actually pretty simple. You have a motor, and a feedback simmilar to the accelerator pedal. You command 25%? The ECU look at the feedback signal, and make the motor turn in the proper direction until it hit 25%, then it stop it (in reality, it constantly adjust it, but if you look at it you will see that it stopped.) One big advantage of the drive by wire (or fly by wire) is that the user commanded signal do not have to match at all the resulting control value. For example, when you floor the accelerator, meaning you command 100%, the ECU may actually just open the butterfly in the intake by 20%, because that is what is needed to let the right amount of air inside the engine at this RPM and load. But a second later it may go 50% now, because this is the right amount now. This result in better performance and often a better feeling. Also, it may lose some sensitivity on the low end and add some at the high end, to make the pedal feel more linear. Normally on old car, when you barelly touched the pedal the enging was already revving, and like the 50% to 100% was doing very little. This advantage is what allow the fly by wire of controlling more than one actuators, as the control and actuator is not mechanically linked, so conversion and adaptation can be done easilly. After all, all you need to do is apply some mathematics on the signal, and it spit out the other values.

[@theintruder1279]

This person is a true aviator 👨‍✈️

[@GG_Booboo]

This was such a good explanation, as an aviation/technology enthusiast (not a pilot), I found this quite interesting! Sounds like fly-by-wire is like a car with an automatic gear box, we know how different it feels driving a manual vs automatic!

[@rofaidarashed2126]

As usual useful video , and comment to your viewer , thanks Mr. Joe

[@IsmailNPU]

Love you very much . I am inspired so much just by you. Love you always from Bangladesh 🇧🇩🇧🇩🇧🇩

[@MrVijaygo]

Captain joe due to your videos I don’t need to go to flight school very informative