How does Starlink Satellite Internet Work?📡☄🖥

[@BranchEducation]

How many shooting stars did you see throughout the video? Post what you counted and we'll pick a random correct comment to receive a prize. Also, check out the Creator's Comments found in the English (Canada) subtitles for many additional details. Note: you can access them via the options button -> transcript -> English(Canada). FAQ: Q1) Do the two phase shifts from beam steering and 64QAM mess each other up? A: No. For transmission, the data is encoded into the 64QAM signal and sent to all the beamformers where then the beam steering phase shift is added. Then the signal is sent to the front-end modules which increases the power for the patch antennas.

[@jithendrareddy7108]

12 shooting stars Branch Education!!

[@sciencespectrum3855]

Almost 10 times🙂

[@mrtbts]

i think about 12-15 idk

[@danielfmyers]

42

[@persiancarpet5234]

22 I'm very sure

[@JerryRigEverything]

Way cool. Very interesting process. I'm glad there are smart people in the world who understand all this stuff.

[@aviral1230]

Hello Zack, it's nice that you too like these type of videos. Have a great day.

[@TheSculptr]

cool

[@workspilot.]

It is the job of an engineer man

[@bishromerabdelrahman1177]

Nice to see you here Zack

[@secretservice1816]

Hey! Jerry, don't u think Elon musk is a con artist? He is just lying to his investors and the customers, his cars are a safety hazard

[@loukmor]

The fact that a KZbin channel produces greater content than a big science tv channel while in the same time making it easy to understand blows me always. Your videos are so good (and infrequent (in a good way (for quality))) always leave me wondering how do you people make do. Anyway, keep up the amazing work.

[@BattousaiHBr]

actually fucking nuts that this content is available. hugely underappreciated channel.

[@BranchEducation]

I greatly appreciate it! We're slowly building a team... to make it more frequent, but still maintain the depth and quality. tbh, it's always a little boggling how cursory a 2 hr long science special on 'quantum computers' or 'some other complex topic' is when it's on the TV science channel. Like I love it- but still it doesn't get into the deep details.

[@loukmor]

@@BranchEducation exactly. Someone who see this kind of stuff doesnt want to be just told that the dish uses math to boost the signal. He/she want to learn how .

[@TheTonyMcD]

What is this tv you speak of? It has channels? Is it like a serious competitor to KZbin? Sounds like an interesting concept, what's the website address?

[@itsMe_TheHerpes]

@@BranchEducation you made this video unwatchable. stop being so cringy. "dishy" ... WTF don't you have any respect at all towards your viewers ? do you think we are special needs ?

[@imthetruegotmilk]

I am absolutely ASTONISHED by the technology behind Starlink, and equally STUNNED by the effort Branch Education put to make it so accessible... This is very high quality content !

[@BranchEducation]

Thank you! We appreciate!

[@Almighty_Flat_Earth]

Satellites don't exist. GPS not working in ocean. GPS is just the triangulation of cell towers. Internet cables are buried under the ocean. Time to wake up. Trust your senses.. _ Satellites don't exist. Those are cartoons. Men send signals to the sky at an angle (a solid dome placed by our Creator), and it reflects those signals back to flat plane(earth) at same angle. Everything is stable, the ground antenna that sends, the earth, the dome, the ground antenna that receives. Universe, solar system do not exist. Are you saying there are bus sized tin objects that float above our heads about 700 km which is supposedly 2000 C hot and doesn't melt the trash cans(so-called satellites) ?? _ Does it feel like we are travelling at 66600 mph around the sun? Earth inclined 23.4 degree? 90 -23.4 = 66.6 now you see it's 666 everywhere.. it's the devil's number.. YOU WILL KNOW THE TRUTH, AND THE TRUTH WILL SET YOU FREE. _ Why mercury and venus show up in the night sky? Can any scientist (Illuminati) explain this? No. All 12 months, we see the same stars in the night sky, but we should see some other stars which are in the other side for 6 months. Globe is busted again. _ Antarctica is the surrounding 300 ft. tall ice wall of our flat earth, and illuminati won't let anyone near by to discover that the world is flat, it's the most guarded place on flat earth. There is a treaty signed by 50 countries that no man can get to Antarctica, because it's the surrounding wall of our flat earth, and it extends very far.

[@jameswright2974]

Russia China sent one satellite which hatched 10 pirate drones today Russia has shut down usa ships Air craft no usa Or nato has entered In Chinese or Russian Airspace in the last 8 yrs

[@beaconing7689]

Why i cant see the other comments?

[@dionysschub5350]

@@beaconing7689 Good question

[@TINTUHD]

I believe this might be the best video I have ever seen on KZbin in my life. No exaggeration. The technology of starlink. The script of this video. The animations. I’m in awe

[@airmailman1971]

My background is in electronic engineering. I've watched thousands of KZbin videos and I've never seen a more professionally made and complete video as this one. Just enough detail to not be overwhelming but complete enough to get the thought across. Excellent.

[@chrisfoster3772]

Starlink is kinda cool

[@maxhugen]

👍 Absolutely agree. I was able to follow everything as explained. Graphics helped tremendously. 😎

[@pharmerdavid1432]

?Except there is no outer space or satellites, but beLIEve it if you choose.

[@AlgernonNormanOwen]

With my degree in physics, all the concepts are pretty natural and intuitive for me, but my mind is still blown to realize that some engineers and technicians actually made it real, and error proof, and commercialized it! And as a teacher, I can still say that you did an amazing job explaining how these things work. Great job, and thank you!

[@juanballestermolina1046]

I agree, as an engineer the concepts used are very familiar. Got a chance of use a dish last week in the middle of nowhere and it blew my mind. Its crazy how long we have evolved in the past years where we SMS was mindblowing.

[@Desman228]

Give God the Glory great things he has done!

[@omniyambot9876]

An electronics engineer, all of these technology, physics and protocols are familiar to me and very intuitive, even mathematics in physics level. But the amount of technical math to pull this off is an I don't fucking know how. To have this precision is god stuff but it's only one of these technologies.

[@mmddyyyy-his]

As a software engineer, I am also understand most of the concepts behind this. The systems is indeed mind-boggling. From coding algorithms for satellite communication to ensuring seamless integration with ground stations and user terminals, the technical challenges involved in building and maintaining a network like Starlink are immense.

[@cloud_says]

As an economist, I am just blown and none of it was intuitive. I think we should lower the interest rates to boost production of such products.

[@PemboCycling]

Network engineer here, with a physics background. Refreshing to see an accurate, techy video that breaks down so much of the system. It's a rabbit hole of information but you managed to cover everything in enough detail to introduce it, while allowing the audience to choose whether they want to go further into the rabbit hole. Many of the techniques used by starlink are used in your home WiFi, or other systems you're familiar with. Starlink brings a lot of things together (including Elons infinite wallet) in a way that hasn't been done before.

[@BranchEducation]

Thanks!! I appreciate it. Yeah- I like to think of it as supplements to courses that could fit in any 11th / 12th-grade science curriculum, and really expose students to engineering.

[@videogamezzstreamingzz9480]

@@BranchEducation bro you are a genius please make a video on how to make my wife touch me

[@boozecruiser]

Like kessler syndrome?

[@Mikelica69]

Very cool

[@Chryeon]

i wonder if in the future this Starlink will be able to takeover all our telco services :D

[@DigiBentoBox]

This channel has blown my mind-- not just for the content itself, but because of the format of the videos. This is the FIRST video that I've seen that RECOMMENDS speeds to watch it at, and the FIRST video I've seen embedding a whole layer of detailed commentary into the subtitles. It's rather like signal modulation in its cleverness. Lastly, the fact that you created a CHALLENGE with a real reward to draw people into rewatching the video more closely... Sheer brilliance. Bravo on this channel.

[@domenicocamacho6184]

I'm an engineer, and thus I was amazed by the level of detail provided here, it is very educational and in my perspective one of the most valuable videos over the internet for the content, simplicity to explain, and understanding level of the subject explained. Please continue to do more videos like it, I'm for sure watching this video a couple of times more to pay attention to details that I missed on the first watch. Kudos to the people that created it!!

[@凯皓]

These days the Yoytube and Tiktok college are much amazed me than those knowages back in school

[@gkasprow]

Have a look at the signal path channel where the guy does microwave analysis of the dish PCB

[@SaraMurphy2010]

My husband is an EE and watching programs like this with him and our 6yo makes explanations make sense to us!

[@cooljoker2027]

im engineer too and its so lovely video he made it easy for people to understand it well

[@Woogachaka42]

I'm a phd student working on these kinds of projects, and I want to applaud you. This is the cleanest and clearest explanation of phased array antennas I've seen and will be super helpful in helping me explain what I do to others

[@BranchEducation]

What's your phd in?

[@Woogachaka42]

@@BranchEducation Computational Electromagnetics. We do a fair amount of metamaterial/metasurface (the latter of which is often a variant of a phased array) design, simulation , and optimization work. Your explanation of beam forming I think did a great job of striding the line between useful info and minutiae. No need to go into full array-factor theory for an introductory video, but still get the point across with the appropriate nod at the end about side lobes and such.

[@BranchEducation]

That sounds super cool!! Would ya perhaps be familiar with smartphone antenna design? Or perhaps wifi router antennas?

[@Woogachaka42]

@@BranchEducation the theory behind them yes, those kinds of design no. Most of my work is more in the optical range.

[@BranchEducation]

@Ben Zerbe ah, well if ya have any video topics in mind, feel free to email us

[@RideGasGas]

As a satcom engineer with over 40 years of experience in the field, I can say that you did a really good job of distilling this information down to something a layperson can grasp. Well done. I would point out that in addition to receive only satellite TV antennas that communicate with geostationary satellites, there are also two way antennas that communicate to GSO satellites as well, along with other variants which provided two way communications with other non-geostationary satellite networks in different orbits.

[@BranchEducation]

I'm glad that you enjoyed the video!! I included details for geostationary internet in the creator's comments, but I don't actually know exactly how non-geostationary satellite networks work.

[@mahi-kp3fq]

humans age 200 000 years dinosaurs age 160 000 000 years.............. .kzbin.info/www/bejne/aajLomuPa9yWgdU.............. NO NEXT DIMENSION NO NOTHING.

[@Almighty_Flat_Earth]

@@BranchEducation Satellites don't exist. GPS not working in ocean. GPS is just the triangulation of cell towers. Internet cables are buried under the ocean. Time to wake up. Trust your senses.. _ Satellites don't exist. Those are cartoons. Men send signals to the sky at an angle (a solid dome placed by our Creator), and it reflects those signals back to flat plane(earth) at same angle. Everything is stable, the ground antenna that sends, the earth, the dome, the ground antenna that receives. Universe, solar system do not exist. Are you saying there are bus sized tin objects that float above our heads about 700 km which is supposedly 2000 C hot and doesn't melt the trash cans(so-called satellites) ?? _ Does it feel like we are travelling at 66600 mph around the sun? Earth inclined 23.4 degree? 90 -23.4 = 66.6 now you see it's 666 everywhere.. it's the devil's number.. YOU WILL KNOW THE TRUTH, AND THE TRUTH WILL SET YOU FREE. _ Why mercury and venus show up in the night sky? Can any scientist (Illuminati) explain this? No. All 12 months, we see the same stars in the night sky, but we should see some other stars which are in the other side for 6 months. Globe is busted again. _ Antarctica is the surrounding 300 ft. tall ice wall of our flat earth, and illuminati won't let anyone near by to discover that the world is flat, it's the most guarded place on flat earth. There is a treaty signed by 50 countries that no man can get to Antarctica, because it's the surrounding wall of our flat earth, and it extends very far.

[@ron.v]

@@BranchEducation Wow! What a candid, honest answer. The world needs more educators like you.

[@ron.v]

RideGasGas, thanks for your comment. Glad to know there are few old guys still interested in this stuff. I first worked on analog computers in nuclear bombers 55 years ago. It wasn't until 37 years ago, though, that I got the chance to work in computer data communications for a large telecom. As a sys tech in a major data center, I was disappointed that their tech was so old school in the late '80s. All the computer data connections were via RS-232c (25 pair) cable. It wasn't until the very late '80s and early '90s that they began using TCP/IP and RJ-45 in house. Even then, it took them many years to replace everything. By then, I had retired. You'd laugh at the punch cards and paper tape we used on some minicomputers to load data. LOL! All that was from a center where we monitored datacom from several mainframes, 2,000 minicomputers, and around 30,000 servers on a WAN that covered 9 U.S. states.

[@billmoran3812]

As an engineer with over 50 years RF communications experience, I this was an excellent explanation video. You presented some very complex concepts in a way that is understandable while not dumbed down to the point where the principles are lost. While the average person would probably not follow all of this, and engineer with a good background in AC circuit theory should grasp the key points right away.

[@jambozr]

I am a radio engineer. I just want to say....Waw, explaining beam forming using massive antenna array ! That is very hard thing to do but you had the simplest and clearest explanation that I have ever seen!

[@usertogo]

Truly wish we could get a Starlink technology day, to explain what is possible and what they accomplished, and also to educate people that think Starlink is similarly dangerous as 5G can be...

[@jeremykemp3782]

As a radio engineer, do you think all our future advancements are dangerous at all? 5G for example, and even all the starlinks that Elon is transmitting?

[@ACommenterOnYouTube]

as a radio engineer you should be smart enough to smell the BULLSHIT ...

[@yopenzo]

A little note on comparing the orbits of the TV broadcast satellites and Starlink, from 2:10 onwards: "Communications satellites used for television, telephone, radio, internet, and military applications. Many communications satellites are in geostationary orbit (geosynchronous orbit with prograde motion 35,900 km above the equator), so that the satellite appears stationary at the same point in the sky; therefore the satellite dish antennas of ground stations can be aimed permanently at that spot and do not have to move to track the satellite." In your (magnificent) video the TV satellite is not geostationary.

[@marcusetveronique7508]

@@usertogo Bonjour à tous de Marc , Passionné de techologies , abonné starlink , qui fonctionne au top , en regard du " passif" ... étant éloigné du central sur les hauteurs de Nice ! , radio amateur , par ailleurs dernièrement opérationnel sur l'un de nos satellite QO 100 ! , je voudrai .. si possible pouvoir suivre l'une de vos conf , par exemple sur zoom ou autres .. D'avance merci de votre retour . Marc

[@silvermediastudio]

As an engineer and semi-physicist who understands these topics quite well, I was looking for a summary/visual to help explain it to less technical people. This is very well done, and unlike many presentations on the internet, there is no glaringly wrong information. A testament to the research done. Assumptions and simplifications are identified. Good job indeed.

[@tejaskalburgi2449]

Having completed my bachelor's in electronics and communication engineering and master's in electrical engineering I was able to follow the entire video pretty comfortably and everytime I see these seemingly unrelated concepts all coming together and get things done my mind is completely blown! Electrical engineering is beautiful. Thanks for such an amazing video and explanation.

[@richardschaller638]

Wow! I'm a retired Nuke Engineer with a BS in Physics. This brought me back to the days of being an undergrad trying to comprehend antenna theory. My early career was in submarines where I got to see the phased array stuff in the real world with sonar and radar. Great video!

[@p3yp649]

Nice video.

[@douglassimpson8006]

This is the best explanation of phased array antennas that I have ever seen, especially from a layman's point of view. Great job!

[@thulyblu5486]

It feels like I actually understood something rather than in some discovery channel documentary about any physical/technological topic where they simplify so much that you can't really understand it and they interview a dozen scientists making emotional statements about how marvelous and mysterious it all is.

[@Almighty_Flat_Earth]

Dude, are you not aware of the truth yet? Earth is not a globe, universe doesn't exist, sun & moon are the same size, made up of plasma hovering above our flat earth. If earth goes around the sun, then why do we see same stars for all 12 months? Shouldn't we see different stars on different directions? Globe liars got busted once again😁 solar system, big bang, planets are fake (photoshop). Are you people even real? Michaelson-Morley and Airy's experiment were supposed to prove the earth's rotation, but those proved the earth doesn't spin, they bite the dust, many experiments ended up with the result of non-moving flat surface. WELCOME TO REALITY. UNIVERSE DOESN'T EXIST. Governments , nasa, isro have been lying this whole time.

[@A99OT]

Amazing thing about this video, is it explains what defence departments around the world spend so much money on. The amount of effort in phased array applications in electronic warfare are insane!!! Billions and billions of $$

[@danielhack8741]

AT & T ARCHIVES -A 20 YEAR HISTORY OF ANTIBALLISTIC MISSILES - from 1962 will show phased array radar using a multiplicity of microprocessors to track and intercept all missiles with 100% accuracy - this tech is 60 years old // AS A FORMER HOG FARMER IM SURPRISED HOW WELL THEY DUPLICATED A 60 YEAR OLD TECHNOLOGY

[@matthewgragg1880]

This is the epitome of KZbin. The fact that such high quality educational content is free is one of the few things that give me hope that technology and understating is the true epitome of research of advancement in society.

[@DemocracyManifest-vc5jn]

My thoughts exactly. As much as it’s been polluted by garbaj 2+2=5 nonsense there is stuff like this that shines through and gives hope

[@brojoseph7]

We need more videos like these for our children and less garbage on KZbin.

[@MatthewBarber-ge3ng]

Wow. I think the most astonishing part of this is taking the extraordinarily complex electromagnetic theories and moving it to practical commercial application. RF engineers - you rock!

[@IsmaelLa]

Words can't express the scale of knowledge in your videos. I use Starlink daily (heck this comment is being sent to you via Starlink at this moment) and now I understand more how all this is possible. It's incredible how this works and the labor of love you put on these explanations. Thank you.

[@HRIapstrategy]

❤

[@muttarameshchandraprem1478]

Studying this in a course is one thing and seeing it with such a good animation of a real usecase is completely different thing. Thanks for making such videos, I am sure lot of effort goes into this.

[@richardacevedo280]

But you may agree on that both course level work as well as this type of high level presentations are worth? One of my concerns is that my son wishes he could do away with university without realising that even E. Musk completed his undergraduate degrees in physics and economics. Good day

[@muttarameshchandraprem1478]

@@richardacevedo280 Don't get me wrong. If I have to choose one of them I will always go with University studies. This helped me recollect what l learnt, making me feel good.

[@saulsavelis575]

@@muttarameshchandraprem1478 you cannot learn if you cannot visualize yourself in your head

[@louiserwin3726]

@@richardacevedo280 I have a BA in Applied Math And a BS in Computer Science. I too am concerned with the discussion of limiting the math, science and arts to focus on just building electronic devices. The arts do more to push the math and science than anything. An education is a "total mental" experience!

[@lionelcox9119]

Had Elon bend a Black South African people would be burning Teslas on the streets for what he has done with Tweeter,,.

[@rexlucas493]

As an electronics engineer familiar with this technology I am really impressed at the level of detail you go into with each aspect of the technology whilst maintaining an excellent level of clarity throughout.

[@richardacevedo280]

These are seasoned engineers that have become real systems engineers.

[@lionelcox9119]

Had Elon bend a Black South African people would be burning Teslas on the streets for what he has done with Tweeter,,.

[@Popwarner-x1w]

@@richardacevedo280 you silly goose. We live under a Firmament that cannot be penetrated. NASA is SATANIC. Do not be Deceived

[@jimparr01Utube]

Absolutely agree with your comment.

[@SereneBliss]

Too good

[@BruceRusk-nl7qr]

I spent 38 years working for a cable company. This information is very cool, and I actually understood a lot of it. Thanks

[@shekharkushwaha8280]

As a electronic graduate, I understand almost everything, it difficult to explain this complexity but the animation, simplest explanation of everything of how it works, you guys made this engineering a piece of cake..Your team really deserves appreciation.

[@theodoro89]

Even though I know these stuff (I'm an antenna engineer) that video was insanely well made and enjoyable. Making an informative video about EM and antennas that everybody can understand is incredible. Well done and thank you!

[@y5mgisi]

What degree did you have to get to become an antenna engineer?

[@theodoro89]

​@@y5mgisi Computer science and communications, but my thesis was on antennas and I was pretty good building antennas. I wish I went straight to Electrical Engineering from the beginning and follow an RF and Electromagnetics masters degree, but here we are.

[@y5mgisi]

@@theodoro89 thanks for the reply! Trying to figure out what I want to do.

[@BranchEducation]

That's great to hear!! I'm glad you enjoyed it!! My background is EE, however, I never worked on RF, so I had to do some research / catch-up.

[@tvguide4khv]

Yap, had a few tears in a middle ))

[@miscbits6399]

I first encountered phase steering 40 years ago. It's amazing to see how far it's come. Likewise the first 64QAM kit I used back then was a 7 foot tall 19 inch rack for 140Mb/s @ 12GHz terrestrial linking and only went 20km. 3 years later there were 7 of them in the same 7 foot tall rack Each rack drew close to 3kW for 200mW transmit power As an aside, audio modems used 64QAM for 33k6 and DSL uses hundreds of discrete 64 QAM carriers. The difference is the carrier frequency and symbol rate

[@BranchEducation]

That's pretty cool to hear about! During the research, I saw images of the early phased arrays and Lincoln Labs using dipole antennas. Pretty cool stuff indeed.

[@SomeRandomPiggo]

Could you transmit data modulating frequency, phase and amplitude? Then you'd be able to have a sort of 3D array of symbols!

[@miscbits6399]

@@SomeRandomPiggo phase modulation and frequency modulation are closely related. Frequency shift keying was the original method of modulating signals in most cases The problem is that frequency modulation generates masses of sidebands and ends up being spectrally fairly inefficient (AM is inefficient from a power point of view)

[@SomeRandomPiggo]

@@miscbits6399 I see, quite often if an obvious idea seems good, its almost definitely been tried before

[@thatguy-art6229]

ADMITTING THAT IS ENOUGH TO BRAND YOU AS SIMPLE - STUP.

[@Adambd99]

The quality of this content rivals anything you can get from professional or hobbyist institutions. You are teaching at a level better than most world class universities

[@BhupenderSingh-mm2rk]

Can't even imagine we are getting this for almost free on the internet this much information, my god.... Thanks guys for creating such a great content.

[@pauls8771]

Small nitpicks - in the orbital animation at 2:50 TV satellites should be shown to be geostationary, orbiting above the same area as the earth rotates. This is important because it explains why TV dishes can point at a single point in the sky, while Starlink beams need to be electronically steered. Furthermore, while the earth is correctly shown as rotating counterclockwise from the north pole, both satellites are orbiting in the wrong direction, east to west, while nearly all satellites orbit west to east to take advantage of earth's velocity. Overall though, very nice video that explains complex electronic and communications concepts.

[@QuinquetPourpre]

Thx for the added details

[@Truth4thetrue]

well starlink also needs to transmit signals, so not only the movement of the satellites is what requires it to be electronically steered (phase arrayed)

[@matthewfrost3677]

Yes the retrograde orbits love it! Doesn't look like many people noticed though don't see very many comments. I think somebody got too focused on explaining phased arrays and forgot about orbits

[@ZoulousProductions]

And you can transmit data with a traditionnal dish if you have a Block upconverter, like in a VSAT

[@christalbert722]

I wouldn't say that's nitpicking- it's just plain wrong and misleading. After I saw that I stopped watching.

[@crowned-blue]

Things we take for granted, are so complex and require lots of work and research. Im truly stunned by the working of this system as well as the animation and overall video. Detailed yet easy to understand and focusing on the required points. I thank each and everyone involved in making of this video, thanks for the information.

[@BranchEducation]

Thanks!! We appreciate it!

[@Nithr1s]

So true! and then we'll have people bitching about delays while posting a pic (give it some time. it goest to the space!). Or this service costing $$. This is astounding piece of work! It is hard to me to understand, but people theorized, calculated, prototyped, implemented the software for it, built the hardware, sent it all to space! This is magic.

[@stolearovigor281]

Everything possible in the cartoons world.

[@stolearovigor281]

@@Nithr1s it's magic and witchcrafting . Nothing is going to the space and bouncing back. All are ground based antennas and sea cables.

[@Almighty_Flat_Earth]

@@BranchEducation Dude, are you not aware of the truth yet? Earth is not a globe, universe doesn't exist, sun & moon are the same size, made up of plasma hovering above our flat earth. If earth goes around the sun, then why do we see same stars for all 12 months? Shouldn't we see different stars on different directions? Globe liars got busted once again😁 solar system, big bang, planets are fake (photoshop). Are you people even real? Michaelson-Morley and Airy's experiment were supposed to prove the earth's rotation, but those proved the earth doesn't spin, they bite the dust, many experiments ended up with the result of non-moving flat surface. WELCOME TO REALITY. UNIVERSE DOESN'T EXIST. Governments , nasa, isro have been lying this whole time.

[@christopherbenong1804]

When all of what I learned in school and more are the principles behind this marvelous tech, blows my mind. I just smile while watching this video. Naa rajud doay application tong pirting pagkakapuya ug lisuda na mga lessons in real life. Haha

[@kevink1958]

I was an electrical engineer a long time ago. It’s great to see some of the fundamentals of transmission lines and signal processing in a clear visual manner. Great work.

[@tommybusselle4991]

I think I would have done much better back in school if we had videos like this, as I'm a very visual person. I can't even imagine how long it would take me to absorb all that information reading it in a book or listening to a teacher trying to explain it. Thank you to all of you that contributed to this and other videos like it.

[@Coecoo]

Educational systems everywhere- globally speaking, are absolute garbage dumpsterfires that are built on crooked groundworks with crooked understanding of knowledge and crooked misconceptions on what methods are best to relay this knowledge... Oh yeah, and they're also currently saturated to the brim with politics. Stay away from them and question everything you ever "learned" if it came from a school.

[@bmmaaate]

Same here. A teacher could repeat the same thing over and over for a month and I would still have questions but show me a diagram and I'm done.

[@swankitydankity297]

Your videos leave me absolutely speechless every time. You consistently explain and demonstrate complex concepts in very accessible terms, and with phenomenal visuals. The production quality is always fantastic and each video always proves to be well worth the wait. This video was no different - as someone who has never quite understood the domain of electronics and wireless technologies, I found this content very interesting and really enjoyed watching it. Great work as always!

[@BranchEducation]

Thank you tons!! The next set of videos will follow similar levels of depth, so we're excited to finish them up.

[@unoone4613]

😅

[@unoone4613]

Copper-circle@BranchEducation

[@catalinleonida4790]

What a pertinent and we'll elaborated comment coming from username swankitydankity. Another lesson not to judge a book by its cover

[@xpusostomos]

Mind blown

[@careerscoop5241]

Wow...love from india...i m a science student...my teacher never taught me the way you did....awesome....!!! subscribed and recommending to all my friends....

[@brianslota4861]

This is among the clearest and most understandable explanation I’ve ever heard! Hats off to the team that produced this content😊

[@idzkk]

Scale is the answer

[@TheMphc]

This feels like the old school Discovery channel, before it all became reality TV. Huge quality, simple to understand without the content being dumbed down, thanks for the great video

[@donschneider8662]

I have been in the RF, Radar, and Comms industry since 1972. I have to say this is the best explanation of RF and the Antenna theory explanation I've seen. Thank you.

[@toomanyhobbies2011]

Not a whole lot of theory here, although there was one frame with a couple of equations. ;-) This was a very good explanation, using simple graphics, of the CONCEPTS of how the Dishy works.

[@djmaxx007]

Thank you for this video! Really helps me understand what I'm installing. I appreciate it so that!

[@LorenzoGiordanoGomes]

I'm amazed by the high quality and detail presented in an incredible series of animations here. Good work guys.

[@LorenzoGiordanoGomes]

@Science Revolution If you had any idea of how much nonsense you're telling you'd be ashame

[@timmyjones1921]

Awesome Work On A Whole Top Beam Level.

[@GrantLangley]

I also do not usually comment, but I needed to express how impressed I am by the depth and quality of your content. Too many other educational videos take specific technologies for face value and don’t go much deeper than surface level. I appreciate you digging into every process down to the electron level before moving on.

[@Tyasur]

Just found this video, and I'm blown away by the quality. I am an electrical engineer in this field and have worked on almost every aspect of what you guys have described in this video. Your animations do an amazing job of describing how some very complicated processes work in laymen terms. I am going to share this video with many people - thank you for what you do!

[@hamburgerler7670]

I’m blown away at the quality of this video. I just learned something that is beyond me but I understand how it works now and it’s so ingenius how people made this work

[@totoksaikam4236]

I worked as a radio and antenna engineer for over 30 years. This video really provides an extraordinary explanation. Thank you so much for giving us videos like this. We are waiting for other great videos

[@lowstrife]

I'm sitting here stunned by how well I learned how this technology worked. I don't just know, but I actually understand how the 64 QAM encoding works and in general, how digital information is encoded and like... what it looks like. I'm stunned. This is an incredible presentation.

[@AFRoSHEENT3ARCMICHAEL69]

This is all thanks to the behavior of light. So if our communication system gives life to your devices then what electromagnetic frequency encompasses your conscious? Probably the sun. Entanglement could be Entangled mind. You could really be in two places at once. As a wave in the corona of the sun and as a particle, which is partial, here on the earth.

[@sensiblewheels]

Hold onto that! I don't know if you have a background in STEM but if not, this is a very strong indicator of your inclination towards it.

[@hamzaqadeervlogs179]

Hi

[@fonin_photo]

Incredible… Both the people who invented these amazingly complex technologies and those who explain them so clearly and simply. Thank you!

[@junktrunk909]

It's been a while since the days of 2.5G cellular and first gen WiFi when I learned the core concepts here as an engineer implementing this stuff, so I was super excited at how much you've just caught me up on current concepts like beam forming and 64QAM in under 30 minutes using an incredibly well explained approach (simplifying where helpful without omitting important information). My quickest subscribe ever! Amazing work. Thank you!

[@bpg786]

This is a fantastic explanation with an important level of detail that is left off so many other explanations. As an electrical engineer I could see this being useful in universities as an introduction to the topic to help give people a baseline understanding to build on. Great work 👍

[@mm8ball]

As a retired Navy engineer this was very informative and interesting. I worked on phased array 3D radar, so this was not entirely new. Although the technology is very advanced from my work in the 1980's, the basics are the same. This was done in such a professional manner with super graphics that one run through pretty much brought me up to speed. Super job, folks.

[@JoshWalker1]

Ayy, SPY fam?

[@mm8ball]

AN/SPS 48 mostly!

[@JoshWalker1]

@@mm8ball I feel happy to classify that as "SPY extended fam". 80s, so that's NTU-era deployment of the 48 yeah?

[@mm8ball]

Well, that was my later years. I retired in '84. I started out on 55b tracking radar, but quickly saw that opting for a different school would be a good Idea. I went 48 while it was still young, about 1966, and then kept up with all the schools on the radar until my retirement. I was lucky to stay either a technician, or teacher, until the very end of my career when I made E8.

[@JoshWalker1]

@@mm8ball So are we FC fam then, though? All my schools were in Dahlgren, and though that's mostly AEGIS central, iirc there were a couple of non-Aegis schools there. Feel like maybe something 48 adjacent was one of them. Something SSDS related maybe, idk.

[@realgumballpro]

After watching this video, I realize I am dumb.

[@edwardgalt9579]

The older you get, the more you realize what you don't know :)

[@viktorstoikov3393]

We are not alone brother.

[@jeff-w]

Dishy is smarter than any of us will ever be.

[@Chafflives]

Strictly speaking you are not. Your forum is here and you have conveyed your thoughts through writing, if not speech. Regarding the word’s other meaning, you are intelligent enough to at least realise your limitations and will always learn something from explanations such as this. 👍

[@gregorholmes1837]

I bet there was clues before.

[@matyw91]

You guys did an astonishing job here! From the amazing 3D animations, to the clarity of the detailed explanation.. Speechless... Bravi!

[@russc.5726]

I have been using a StarLink system for about 6 months. I love it for speed but it does have brief outages during Zoom calls and streaming films. The video is truly amazing, incredible and Brilliant. The complexity of the concept and design of the StarLink is mind boggling. I've never seen such a well designed video explaining such a complex subject so well executed. Kudos to all involved. Thank you.

[@SMETSYSGNIMIT]

Amazing video. As an RF engineer who has designed satellite ground stations, this is by far the best video and training I have ever seen.

[@boomerchannelbob3266]

the amount of engineering, math and physics in this devices surrounding ourselves keep getting surreal. I didn't have a big mind to creat any device of mine, but I hope my kids would do, at least one of them 😅. Thanks very much for the explanation Branch Education and keep up the work.

[@ericzucker]

Very nicely done. As a former MPEG/DVB trainer, I can relate to the amount of work, bringing the complex subjects of satellite transmission, phased array antennas, beam forming, modulation accessible to a wider audience. Very well done.

[@jrphillip1458]

This channel has to be one of the greatest channels on KZbin. Actually, the best educational content ever created in media. You don't ever get this level of detail and explanation on a multimillion dollar production on TV.

[@IFaTaLiTyl]

The videos created by this channel are absolutely astonishing. Each one has a quality and depth that can be matched by only a few others. I love how even the intricate details are discussed, without getting lost in it. The research and work that goes in each video must be immense. My respect to the creators for providing this amazing content for free, teaching the public and creating a new generation of engineers that will advance humanity one step further. Thank you, thank you!

[@DarkvoltSilver778-cl7iq]

GLOBAL SATELLITE SYMMETRIC INTERNET

[@BrianSellers]

The amount of information you all distill and then apply visuals to is unreal. Thank you!

[@babsbarry7042]

This video deserves millions of views because of the sheer amount of work put into it. I don't understand all the concepts but I feel better enlightened about something that'll soon become an everyday use item. Thank you Branch education! You guys are the bomb! Btw, i loosely counted give or take 8 stars.

[@StrangeWorld11191]

you understand that this scenario requires milions of fairly inteligent youtube users within certain intetest zone in order to be possible

[@anishnaabehistorypodcast7215]

@@StrangeWorld11191 plus time

[@FrederickKline]

Impressive. I am a long retired electronics engineer and found this video as clear and compelling an explanation of a complex system as one might find by a truly gifted instructor.

[@funretirementprojects7765]

Wow!!! So clear and easily understood. As a retired professional developer of educational material, I have to give the developers 5 stars! Makes me want to go back to college for engineering. Thanks a million!

[@y2kprawn]

Watched this on starlink in a rural town in Ireland. As a remote worker this tech is a game changer, thanks for the explainer.

[@musicman53]

This is a stunningly good explanation, huge thanks from this retired nerd! . Its amazing how simple and reliable SpaceX have made this highly complex technology to use. I know a few people here in NZ with Starlink, and it absolutely rocks for our relatively tiny rural population. One friend had his zero-techie wife unbox and set it up, and within 5 mins they had 250 Mbps. And even the US military were gobsmacked by how SpaceX managed to drop in 000's of terminals into the Ukraine military 2-3 days after the war broke out, and completely neutralise Russian's prior mega attack on the Ukrainians' Viasat satellite military comms system. The Ukraine military now have the world's best integrated comms system for weapons targeting and control, and Starlink is one of the key reasons (along with Ukrainian tech brilliance). The Russians also tried to radio-jam the Starlink terminals, but Starlink downloaded a patch to all terminals immediately to stop this jamming in its tracks. Starlink is now Ukraine's military backbone as well as providing wifi internet to 100,000+ Ukrainians in areas where the Russians have destroyed the mobile infrastructure. And, amazingly, these hugely complex terminals can all run off a 12V vehicle cigarette lighter.

[@berniv7375]

The situation in the Ukraine is not of Russia's making. It is all down to NATO aggression which is led by the US and the UK. Agreements and commitments were not honoured by NATO. It takes brilliant minds to build this technology but it takes commonsense to stop us all getting killed and you people seem to be lacking in that.🌱

[@Redfvvg]

Yeah.. but not. This will not help the Ukrainian, Nazi authorities. You have no idea what signal jamming is. A patch alone can't fix it. For Russia, it does not cause any inconvenience, the presence of Starlink access points for Ukrainians. Ukrainians need this in many ways only to send fakes to the West. Each access point is a transceiver. If this transmitter is located in a special operation zone, it will be localized and destroyed. Over time, depending on legislative decisions, these access points will be taken away from the population, or deactivated.

[@BranchEducation]

Even tho it took forever, it was a super fun video to research because of just how impressively complex it is. I agree, it's soo awesome how this tech is helping out the Ukrainians defend their country. It's also crazy to think that this tech was designed by a fewer than 1000 engineers.

[@lagunafishing]

You need to reread history of Ukraine and check your propaganda sources. You will find that all of Zelenskyy's and Azov data is monitored.

[@musicman53]

@@BranchEducation you did a great job! Have you noticed the two panicked Russian trolls in my replies?😂

[@zvisger]

This is absolutely incredible. Wow, you guys deserve so much praise for all this research and work.. not only for this video but all of your videos are immaculate... thank you for providing this to us for free... without ads no less. I genuinely have no idea how you guys do this so well but just wow. You explain it so understandably.. I don't think there is a channel with anything near the quality and clarity as the videos you guys do. So yeah, all I can say is thank you very very much.

[@Ben_5273]

I am really impressed by the quality of animations and explanations. Big respect

[@BranchEducation]

Much Appreciated!

[@akashj4724]

You guys are making difference in millions of lives.

[@casedistorted]

The way they figured out how to form beams and do all of this blows my mind. It is also wild to be that we are constantly fighting each other as a species, but there are some amongst us that are so focused and intelligent that they’re pushing us forward into the future.

[@epstein_isnt_dead7726]

You think starlink isn't a weapon? 🤣😂🤣 Dude, get real. Don't even consider the cost of engineering this system, just go with the physical properties. These are supposed to be used to bring internet to "under developed" (without internet) areas, right? Well "under developed " areas tend to not have a bunch of extra $ on their hands. But before they could turn the first penny of profit they had to launch hundreds of these satellites into orbit. Then ship out a receiver dish to each individual customer. How much do you think all those satellites and receivers cost? And that's all before getting the first customer. And you think that's another business venture buly spaceman Elon? It never occurred to you that this whole idea could never even recoup the startup costs, let alone turn a profit? You're watching this video, so obviously you have some interest in the starlink system. But that obvious flaw never crossed your radar? So naive and trusting

[@IhabFahmy]

_Those little details in the animations that make them technically correct are a HUGE aid to correct understanding. Your animations are far beyond just pretty pictures, and it shows! Your videos are amazingly good at helping engage the next h neration of engineers and scheintists that will hopefully fully make some thing far better than Starlink one day. My deep, deep gratitude and admiration for what you do._

[@Karxs]

Some mindblowing moments right there! Especially how they redirect the beams without motors and the data transmission technique ❤

[@LOVELOVE-rp9cn]

Wow, my goodness. This is really amazing. I didn't know there was such science behind it. It's so amazing that I can't express it in words. It's really amazing. The KZbin era is truly fantastic.

[@sisyphus1896]

It is amazing how everything we take for granted is loaded with deep layers of systems, history and science. I can't wrap my head around everything that was explained but I am in awe of all the solutions brilliant engineers have come up with to solve these complex problems. And thanks to this channel, we get a peak behind the curtains. Truly astounding!

[@brentnorrod300]

Great video, right down to the antenna theory. James Maxwell applauds you :) I'm an RF design engineer and have been working with phase array antenna systems for the last 3 decades. Now days I do a lot of the beam steering control code. I'm passing your link on to some of my young coworkers, and others.

[@KDNCPTX_SEO]

Excellent video! Even my grandson, of 8 years of age, is fascinated with the intricate science and technology woven behind the scenes. Greatly appreciated.

[@BrianGreen-z6b]

Exceptionally clear explanation of Phased array and QAM and the overall understanding of the Starlink data transfer is so easy to ingest. The voiceover and graphics are exceptional. Best technical video I have ever seen and I have been in IT for 50 years.

[@isitreally]

Not someone who comments on KZbin but I did want to do it this time. Appreciate the level of effort put into making this. Clear concept explanations, perfect pace and depth for me. This cleared up a lot of things for me. Thank you for making this. Very cool stuff. Subscribed! Please keep making more!

[@TrevorSullivan]

I've been using Starlink at home for almost 2.5 years. I never really understood how it worked until I saw this video. This is absolutely mind-blowing, and legitimately brought me to tears, out of sheer amazement.

[@86hellflame]

the explaination is so simple and go so deep that is really incredible, make me tink the hour of study to only understand 1/100th of wath you make understand in 10 minute of well explained video. Sorry for my english

[@stefanbuscaylet]

I am a super fan (and supporter) of your work and yesterday when I saw you were doing a Starlink project I literally got excited. Your work as a teacher and story teller are best of class and I love how you’ve given some deep perspectives on some of the technology ingredients that are easily taken for granted. I’d love you continue your exploration of Starlink by discussing how once the data makes it to the ground station some how it traverses the internet to its destination server. Another video topic I’d love to see is how these massive data centers such as Amazon Web Services, Google, Microsoft Azure, or Meta process data in a global network of data centers. (Hint hint)l. Thank you again for your contribution!

[@DerpyNetworking]

This is one of my favorite KZbin channels. It gives enough detail for everything to make sense but doesn't get lost in the weeds. I can do further research on my own if I am more curious about specific details. It adds a new level of excitement to my dishy. Starlink has changed my life. Out in the boondocks we've been neglected by our monopolies for decades. I'm finally able to do things that I couldn't dream of. A whole family trying to use four megabits is a nightmare!

[@BranchEducation]

Thanks, great to hear that Starlink has helped you! Hopefully, it keeps staying as great as it has been.

[@exidous6831]

Congrats. It was excellent with minimal errors. I've worked on SATCOM for 20 years and went straight to 1.5x. Video is fanstatic. Loved that you covered QAM. Typically QAM is reserved for terestrial lines like coax which is 256 QAM. The signal to space is usually too dirty but the low orbit makes it possible. Typical SATCOM to geostationary satellites run QPSK or 8PSK.

[@BranchEducation]

Much Appreciated!

[@brentnorrod300]

Yeah, it's pretty amazing they can get a 6-BIT QAM on this system. Got to maintain a pretty steady signal and SNR.

[@paulmichaelfreedman8334]

Ubiquiti has been using 64QAM for the last ten years or so for their long distance beaming products.

[@jpcoenegrachts1862]

I spent months researching phased array antennas and their functionality. At last, I discovered one of the finest videos on the subject available online!

[@zerodegrekelvin2]

The video is amazingly accurate, I am a radio engineer and I am very impressed with all the details and precisions when you explain the phase array antenna and beamforming. Congratulation, this is great work!

[@SilverSergeant]

Some of it is false.

[@zerodegrekelvin2]

@@SilverSergeant You have to be more specific about what is false, I am listening.

[@sstevenson638]

Amazing and excellent description. I got my BS in engineering in 1982 and phased array didn't exist then. We had an Apple II in our lab and 5.25" floppy drives were the norm. I've read some about phased array radars since then but never really understood how the antennas worked until this video. Great job on the video! Kudos the the smart folks who figured this out and the ones who funded and supported them while they were doing it.

[@jaagenius]

Actually the US Navy had a phased array radar system on the USS Observation Island around 1985. My father actually worked on this project at Raytheon. I remember him taking me on the ship when I was a teen and just being in amazement over the size of this thing on the deck of the ship...When I graduated engineering school back east, my first job was making the wave guide source elements at Chomerics in Woburn, MA.....Sorry to ramble

[@alihussein1005]

I don’t normally comment on a video , but this one left me totally amazed !! Kudos for the incredible amount of work you’ve all put in this video 🎉

[@ZiyoAcademy]

Was recommended to watch the video by one of my CS friends. Absolutely loved it. The whole video was very comprehensive and you guys made amazing graphics and visuals.

[@anl2468]

The amount of dedication and detail of this video is out of this world, literally a master piece. Thanks.

[@SB-lc2vd]

Awesome! As an engineer, I really can appreciate how Branch has simplified such a complex concept. Didn’t have KZbin introduction during my undergraduate Engineering courses in the late 80’s. I would have done EE instead of MechE

[@johnm8693]

This is seriously the best engineering animation I have ever seen. I understood the basics of phased arrays but this is mind blowing. I wish I had learning resources like this as a young student. Thank you so much!

[@SimonHalfSoul]

Mind is literally blown from the concept of phase array beam steering. Always thought they had to be mechanically steered/aimed. Using interference to steer is brilliant.

[@MrYllie]

Finally, I have always wondered how beamforming actually works! Great explanation! 64 QAM was new to me but your explanation made it instantly clear how it works (at least at a broad level). I really appreciate these videos, keep them coming!

[@BattousaiHBr]

there are many many different modulation methods, shorter range radios can encode 8 bits at a time. the more bits you encode the more data you can pack into it, however the more susceptible it is to interference and errors. the whole point of digital over analog was precisely because it was much more resilient to errors in transmission. in this constant chase of faster data rates, digital is becoming less and less digital but more and more analog.

[@absolutium]

Current mobile devices and WiFi Access points are capable of 1024 QAM.. Starlink is behind current telecommunication protocols.. as of today is just a "for show" system.

[@BattousaiHBr]

@@absolutium calling starlink a "for show system" in the basis that the modulation uses less bits than bleeding edge wifi is ignorant. as explained in my comment, more dense modulation comes at the cost of higher error rate. it works fine for shorter ranges with low interference, but you're not going to make it work well beaming the signal from orbit using frequencies over 10 GHz.

[@absolutium]

@@BattousaiHBr Oh don't get confused.. it is a for show system based on the premise that the requirements of abundant ground stations renders the low orbit infraestructura useless.. The quadrature amplitude modulation example was addressed to the person at the original comment.. which seems to have just discovered its workings.

[@BattousaiHBr]

@@absolutium the point is not "abundant ground stations", which only matters for regional areas, it doesn't impact stations in the other side of the continent. the point of starlink is to provide usable internet anywhere in the world. it's not meant to replace optic fiber, which is what you seem to be assuming. other than satellite, you're just not going to get internet at a feasible cost any other way to a remote island, for example.

[@PraveenUduweriya]

Watching this reminds me the fact that we take everything for granted in our lives. So much of effort and ingenuity put into developing these mind bogglingly complex technologies

[@captainsk]

Exactly praveen sir, I was looking for indian comment. I am agree with what you said. Indian education system requires drastic changes and immediete attention of policy makers .

[@KaranSingh017]

Wow, I'm truly impressed by the immense effort and dedication that went into creating this video. The level of detail and clarity in explaining how Starlink works is absolutely commendable. It's evident that a tremendous amount of research, planning, and creativity was poured into every aspect. Thank you for taking the time to educate and inspire us. Keep up the fantastic work!

[@brahmburgers]

Amazing graphics and explanation. It's literally miles above me. I'm 72 and my tech prowess never got much beyond putting in some solar set-ups. The skills which led up to this cutting edge tech is amazing.

[@booleyboi]

Watching via Starlink

[@jt92]

I watch a lot of educational youtube and this is one of the most well-written, polished, and thoughtfully animated that I've seen in a very long time. I have a physics background and I'm really impressed how you were able to boil down the insane complexity of starlink down to something most people can understand.

[@arshitvaghasiya7317]

Can't compare the quality of this video with even Netflix or Discovery shows! This is at its own level! #HatsOff to the team behind this

[@VanceMcGrady]

My absolute favorite KZbin channel. Bravo for creating the content the world needs.

[@iamiPAC]

LOVE IT! I by no means am an engineer or mathematician, however, I love the simplicity of how your team lays out this amazing foot of technology. I am a tech geek at heart and absolutely love the visualization your channel provides. Your videos have greatly enlightened me and my understanding of various devices and technologies in our world. THANK YOU! PLEASE KEEP UP THE AMAZING WORK!

[@IanJohnstonblog]

Wow. This was an exceptional explanation of how this all works. I love that you don’t shy away from the math/engineering but keep it at a high level. Thanks for your hard work to make topics like these digestible by many people.