How Fish Came on to Land

[@TheRunningLeopard]

If I knew there were going to be days like this, I wouldn’t have left the primordial ooze.

[@kinglyzard]

I don't want to live on this planet anymore. -Prof. Farnsworth

[@erstwhilegrubstake]

Well you can fix this by drinking primordial booze. :) 🦠🍻🦠

[@Random1nations]

@@erstwhilegrubstake and having a rest, a primordial snooze

[@wolfie1703]

@@erstwhilegrubstake i can do that by making primordial brews

[@erstwhilegrubstake]

@@wolfie1703 🍺

[@marcopohl4875]

Short version: This niche empty! FEET!!

[@Colesalad]

okay bud..... okayyyyyyyy haha,....... k..... jfc.

[@leoornstein3963]

*Applause*

[@gorgoaku4444]

Lol mort

[@juliuskowalsky2005]

holy shit hahahha

[@coltonbates629]

And so Quintin Tarantino was born from fire

[@Corvaex]

Anyone grow up watching Walking with Monsters? This guy simulates that show amazingly. Fantastic work.

[@marcopohl4875]

yep

[@xerosereify]

Yeah lol i honestly watch this guys channel to forfill my "walking with" needs (since ive watched the old series so much i can recite them by heart)

[@Corvaex]

@@xerosereify Haha, same

[@KingArthur101]

On god

[@naturebrothers1844]

I love the walking with trilogy

[@danilonascimento9866]

Fish: "evolve lungs" "Thanks, now I have anxiety"

[@nerobernardino88]

God: You're now alive. Some smart monkes: Alright, I wanna die now.

[@richardsorgo8600]

Lung: Breathe man breathe

[@theluftwaffle1]

@@ahsit-33l Water doesn’t judge..

[@nickkorkodylas5005]

@@ahsit-33l I still think it's a better option than living in Pakistan.

[@miguelmontenegro3520]

Land living being: lol noob fish can't come up here and get me. Lungs: Allow us to introduce ourselves.

[@JoeJoeTheCapybara]

Here i am stuck at home cause covid has everything closed because 400 million years ago a fish decided he was too good for water.

[@Toomuchbullshitt]

Gold fish in bowl: you will now know my pain

[@adrianokury]

One thing (among many) that I like about this channel is the intelligent use of relatively few images, and yet conveying a dynamic presentation.

[@sanataissick]

Could you maybe make a whole episode around the appearance and evolution of lungs? And I'd like to learn more about their connection with swim bladder. It's so fascinating how such a big change in organs function can happen and habitat change so drastically.

[@rishi7629]

I 2nd this...

[@whatabouttheearth]

Look up the term 'exaptation' in regards to evolution. An exaptation is a trait that was developed for one reason and then came in handy for another. Like the feathers of ancient birds were probably for thermoregulation and various other things, their handiness for flight only developed in certain lines who also had other modifications, so feathers were an exaptation. Lungs were probably the same thing, as well as the tetrapod hand. Nothing happened gradually at all, it was very incremental and modified for the environment. Shubin and others are recently finding that the parts of the gene suite that developed digits that also developed fins (same stuff, SHH, GLi3, ZPA, AER, etc.) was probably extant in the beings before fins developed at all (not in the individual but entirely, AT ALL), so these aren't fast adaptations These books are good for learning about the fin to limb transition: 'At the Waters Edge: Fish With Fingers Whales with Legs' by Carl Zimmer (I'd start here with the paperback and just curl up and enjoy it, he's a great author) 'Earth Before the Dinosaurs' by Sebastien Streyer (really great illustrations. Overview of pre dino Tetrapoda and proto Tetrapoda) 'Gaining Ground' by the legendary Jennifer Clack (more technical but readable, you'll learn about her in 'At the waters edge' by Carl Zimmer) 'When Vertebrates Left the Water' by Michel Laurin (More technical but doable, the hardcover is a perfect size, not too big, not too small, I got a used library copy) I also have an entire playlist on early tetrapod transition related stuff called 'early tetrapod etc'

[@blobbertmcblob4888]

"How fish came onto land" Fish: well, we walked, of course.

[@Deeplycloseted435]

It is crazy that EVERY SINGLE land vertebrate EVER......evolved from a fish, including us, my dog, the squirrels in my yard, the birds in my trees, and the rare chameleon I can find on my deck.

[@thunder_2124]

“Hey can we go on land?” NO “Why?” The sun is a deadly laser.

[@babelhuber3449]

We'll try from dusk till dawn, then!

[@inigoloidi4704]

Not anymore there’s a blanket!

[@sajithpallemulla7220]

@@inigoloidi4704 Now the animals can go on land. Come on, animals, let's go on land! Nope, can't walk yet

[@jaisanatanrashtra7035]

That video was utterly Childish 😂 WWM was better

[@GhaniKeSawah]

@@sajithpallemulla7220 and theres no food so i dont care

[@eliteastrea]

Evolution is so interesting. I really wish another documentary like walking with monsters was made

[@Tzeise]

Haven’t even had time to watch it but I know I’m going to love it

[@Lunchblade3]

Same had to go to online classes when I saw this vid

[@amberpants771]

Thank you so much for making these videos. I grew up going to a Christian school and missed out on the majority of my scientific education. Everything I know about evolution has been learned on my own but your videos are so informative thank you so much

[@bongobongo3661]

Man, I wish our common fish ancestor had six fins instead. Then we'd have six limbs today

[@muhamadsayyidabidin3906]

I think this is because, limb comes from pectoral fins (evolved into fore limb) and pelvic fins (evolved into hind limb). Almost all fish has a pair of those fins, while they only had single anal and dorsal fins. In order to had six limb, the fish would need to move their dorsal fins into anal position, and that would be much more difficult rather than make the already paired fins much robust. If we saw terrestrial fish today (like mudskipper), they also don't use their anal and dorsal fins for locomotion, but use their tail, pectoral, and pelvic fins instead.

[@Dragrath1]

It should be noted that there are fish today which walk on their fins to sneak up on prey which has been suggested to be a precursor driving fin development into legs while they were still fully aquatic based on modern frogfish as well as walking sharks suggest it is a common enough trait for it to evolve convergently in multiple fish lineages. The trait likely appeared via modifying hox gene regulation as lung fish already have the limbs they just lack fingers/toes. advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/5/eaau7459 www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/08/200819155723.htm#:~:text=The%20main%20finding%20is%20that,to%20changes%20in%20embryonic%20development.&text=The%20evolution%20of%20limbs%20with,years%20ago%20in%20the%20Devonian.

[@pattonramming1988]

Can you imagine the energy cost to maintain that many functioning limbs?

[@hugostiglitz8378]

@@pattonramming1988 can you imagine how different shirts would look ?

[@carrier2823]

@@hugostiglitz8378 can you imagine how weird putting shirts on would look?

[@skirmisher1901]

A floppy dorky looking fish slid onto the beach and now I have to pay bills. Thanks.

[@incanusolorin2607]

Dude, your perfect enunciation is very useful for us that are not native english speakers. For the longest time I’ve thought our ancestors were low-finned fish. Thanks to you I now understand they were actually lobe-finned. Thank you!

[@randallho3587]

There was an experiment where Bichir were forced to live in a moist but yet dry environment which forced them to adapt to use their fins to walk and eat.This caused their joints and bones to rearrange so as to be able to lift their body above the ground to improve locomotion.

[@rishi7629]

Awesome!.. Can you direct me towards more info on that please?

[@StonedtotheBones13]

I'm torn on this. Important science info. But uhh. Ethics.

[@stormisuedonym4599]

@@StonedtotheBones13 Where's the ethical problem? Standen took care to keep the environment hospitable for the fish, and chose bichir because they have lungs.

[@Xnaut314]

Such an underrated subject in paleontology. Dinosaurs are great and all, but I hate that their popularity comes at the expense of an equally great public disinterest in animals and eras like this simply because they didn't grow to the size of a small building or have a somewhat human gait. Non-dinosaur biology is incredibly diverse and interesting and contains very secrets about life that aren't well understood simply because dinosaurs hog all the media attention and grant funding.

[@Colesalad]

I should also add that dinosaurs are unique in that they're often accepted into the creationist ideology, meanwhile land-adapting fish are antithetical to such beliefs. Creationist, evangelist dogma parasitically attaches itself to evolution, it needs to at least acknowledge the overwhelming existence of facts if it wants to survive in our new, science-based world. So yea, dinosaurs are okay because they don't directly confront their viewpoint, and with all the money behind the creationist culture, surely that fact must play a role in their popularity.

[@jaisanatanrashtra7035]

I love dinosaurs But I also love Carboniferous & Permian periods ❤️

[@jackletooth789]

No one ever talks about the cenozoic in depth

[@warricklow4218]

@@Colesalad I'm not justifying, I'm agnostic and fully believe in evolution but many christians (idk about other religions) have switched their stance to god-led evolution, this idea existed before but more and more people are switching to it. I don't agree, I believe evolution is led by selective pressures mainly natural selection with other forces like neutral theory

[@coltonbates629]

@@warricklow4218 Everyboy's agnostic in a way. Nobody knows for sure, which is why being agnostic has always confused me, it's like, so you believe that you don't know if god exists? Yea, I believe that I don't know too, but that shouldn't count as anything, because it's not believing in anything, like atheism? Am I making sense? Idk... The thing is, to be Christian is to believe in a dude called God, right? But being agnostic is to believe that you don't know if god exists. well, Christians don't know if god exists, but they believe he does, so therefore they are agnostic, right? Then again, I suppose that to be Christian is to believe that you know that God exists? The bottom line for my "argument" is that everyone is agnostic because no one knows if God is real and therefore to be agnostic is just a term used for politics to not anger Christians or Atheists or whatever religion is in subject. Again, I don't know, but being agnostic seems like a loophole to avoid uncomfortable conversations, and frankly, I don't think it's a way to live. This reply is really not necessary as it's no longer about evolution or fish, so I apologize for that, I just don't get agnosticism.

[@iwasadeum]

Man, I sure do love videos you do on Paleozoic organisms. I was always a dinomaniac from the time I was a toddler, but I have had ample time to study the Paleozoic era during COVID, and ancient life is beyond fascinating to me. Seeing just how far life has evolved from those primitive, alien-like organisms of the Cambrian is mind-blowing. I still love Mesozoic organisms - dinosaurs in particular - but Paleozoic life has become my new obsession It also makes me happy to see your Patreon list growing longer with each video!

[@jdata]

I just want you to know your videos have been invaluable introductions to the evolutionary histories of many taxa. I use your channel as an entertaining way to intro myself to a topic before I dive into the tedious literature searches. Many thanks. - A tired grad student.

[@cozygamingandvideos3914]

Glad to see Binky is still around.

[@Bga1412]

Man I have been binging this Chanel for the last few days and I absolutely love it

[@unnatural_log6472]

I've never heard how invertebrates evolved to go onto land. Maybe a good video idea? Love your stuff man.

[@EternalEmperorofZakuul]

Could the same happen with mud skippers if they were left alone in an island free of tetrapods and niches waiting to be filled?

[@kinglyzard]

Abso-fucking-lutely.

[@Ozraptor4]

If tetrapods went extinct, quite likely. In today's world, birds and reptiles would quickly get to the island and fill out all the available terrestrial niches.

[@miguelmontenegro3520]

@@Ozraptor4 Like the oportunistic bastards they are. Wait a minute...

[@recipoldinasty]

@@Ozraptor4 birds and reptiles are tetrapods

[@Ozraptor4]

@@recipoldinasty You misunderstand my comment.

[@brianedwards7142]

Upon sighting the runway, Capt. Fish set the wing flaps, lowered the undercarriage and slowed to just above stalling speed to lose height. Once his wheels touched the tarmac he cut the power and bought the plane to a near halt before taxiing to the terminal. And that's how Fish came in to land.

[@ElZilchoYo]

And thanks to that dumb fish now i need to go to work.

[@j.j.hector735]

I wonder how would a tiktaalik feel knowing that there’s people blaming for him for shit he isn’t responsible for

[@JcoleMc]

@@j.j.hector735 I wonder what a tilkaalk would taste like

[@doburu4835]

@@JcoleMc that reminds me of that time travel story where a scientist accidentally eats our ancestors

[@kinglyzard]

Now you know how a cleaner wrasse feels. Work. Can't avoid it.

[@doubleoduck3405]

@@doburu4835 bruh

[@robertard9748]

Great video. Just a minor correction. Sarcopterygians comes from the Greek not the Latin. Σαρκός is flesh and πτερύγιο is fin. Truth be told, I wouldn't be able to keep all these names straight. Keep making these video. I love them.

[@LandgraabIV]

Great video! 1:47 it's actually from Greek 'σάρξ, σαρκός' (sárx, sarkós) meaning 'flesh' and 'πτέρυξ' (pteryx), meaning 'fin'. The Latin equivalents would be 'carō, carnis' and 'pinna', respectively. :)

[@hamouz1999]

Your videos inspired me to study evolutionary biology courses online

[@achimpanzee9210]

Where do you find that stuff cause I don’t know where to look

[@hamouz1999]

@@achimpanzee9210 Coursera and Umdey

[@achimpanzee9210]

@@hamouz1999 ok thanks

[@mayday6916]

Thanks for the tip, I will too!

[@holdinmcgroin8639]

My ancestor :)

[@anandkrishna5124]

Our Ancestor

[@snifflepanda4884]

@@anandkrishna5124 *blasts soviet union anthem*

[@Randomness65535]

i was looking for this comment

[@kinglyzard]

@@snifflepanda4884 ???

[@jackandjill6419]

Your ancestor, not mine

[@beaniebby_snail]

how do i let that fish know it's making a big mistake

[@pks4life420]

I love getting seeing that you have posted a video. Keep up with the amazing video, I can tell you put a lot of work into these and it's much appreciated!

[@oznemur]

I really enjoy these videos! Hope you do one on the Dire Wolves, new research just got published regarding their DNA and lineage this week.

[@officialgrindr]

It really does amaze me how every single vertebrate that has ever lived evolved from groups of fish leaving the ocean. You, your dog, every elephant, bird, and horse have all come from the same ancestors and then all became so genetically distinct from each other

[@mayday6916]

This is my new favourite channel. I love paleontology, and the evolution of our fish ancestors is especially interesting. What strange changes animals have gone through! Thanks for a fantastic video! I must go back now and watch it again. :-)

[@nakrinoban6394]

really enjoying your videos so far any chance of you doing one on the evolution of polymorphism in insect castes?

[@incanusolorin2607]

This is one of my favorite moments in evolution.

[@adeenacassell3675]

Could you please do a video on fossilisation? Like how fossils form and the different types.

[@simpleinverso8628]

The music used in these videos is really soothing... Does someone know how it's called?

[@canfelgie8559]

Ambiance?

[@simpleinverso8628]

@@canfelgie8559 is that the name of the melody or are you just pointing out that it is ambiance music?

[@Corvaex]

@@simpleinverso8628 It's just some background ambiance, probably royalty free

[@simpleinverso8628]

@@Corvaex Yeah, but what's the specific song?

[@SuperTah33]

My only point of improvement would be that the music seemed rather faint in this video. I could only hear it once I put on my headphones...

[@satyr1349]

Wonderful video once again!

[@velbythorngage]

These videos are so nice, interesting and relaxing...

[@themarquess]

Question. Why do all vertebrates have a single fish ancestor? How come fish only left water once, and no other fish afterwards was able to do it successfully and leave descendants living today? I heard the argument that this is because once land was colonized, other fish could no longer find a niche for themselves on land. But then, how come tetrapods keep re-colonizing water over and over? Why the same can't happen in the other direction?

[@jascha8681]

I think a big thing is you need to be very specialist to live on land. You need skin which doesn't need water, you need legs to walk, you need strong muscles for your weight. When a land animal goes to water, it doesn't need such drastically changes.

[@rolandoriveraponce5505]

I just love your videos. I learn new things and relax while doing so, win win

[@lardyify]

The mud skippers, which are shown at 8:06 without explanation, manage on land with neither lobe-fins nor lungs. They breathe out of water through their gills which they keep wet for the purpose and ‘walk’ on their front ray-fins. It’s interesting to speculate whether in another three hundred million years or so mud skippers might evolve to create a second lineage of land-dwelling quadrupeds (or maybe front-limbed bipeds). Imagine, land animals with only fore limbs!

[@kinggalactix]

Maybe their hind fins would evolve into appendages for stability

[@joeshmoe8345]

Thanks for doin this all the time

[@MarkMadeThat]

enjoyed and learned thanks

[@MO-ch6ni]

Those closed captions are perfect 👍

[@TheSto400]

this was great. you should do an episode on the evolution of teeth. the whole inside the mouth to outside or outside to inside debate

[@kinglyzard]

Teeth precede jaws.

[@alioramus1637]

Awesome video. May i suggest the evolution of Synapsids for perhaps a future video?

[@SiqueScarface]

Two things spring to mind. 1) One of the oldest or probably the oldest traces of vertebrates walking on land: The Valentia Island Tetrapod Trackway. 2) I wonder if those muscular fins developed first not to walk on land or in shallow water, but to move between the roots of the Devonian equivalent of today's mangroves.

[@Colesalad]

For traits to evolve there's likely a conjunction of selective pressures behind them. I could totally see rooty swamps and bogs playing a key role in the evolution of land-locomoting fins.

[@bach907]

This video discusses it kzbin.info/www/bejne/d5zUfGWgmceXq7M

[@demos113]

Such a good channel. :-)

[@liviugeorgecraescu9909]

fav channel. ur the best!

[@blackstone1a]

My ass would’ve stayed in the primordial soup if I knew there were gonna be days like this...

[@mrshootinputin7251]

Last time I was this early; I took my pet tiktaalik out for a walk.

[@tuorex96]

that's not a nice thing to call your grandpa

[@roccopiosaracino3681]

Or a swim

[@BarrothHunter80]

IT WAS YOU

[@bigfloppa2319]

Tiktaalik my beloved 😍🥰

[@rohankale1000]

I love your content. Just wanted to ask, did you study Paleontology or Geology or something?

[@groque1654]

Was looking for some paleo vids right as you uploaded

[@tylerramirez1739]

I love all of these video’s

[@andyjay729]

Between mudskippers (which are actually ray-finned fish; their closest relatives are gobies), walking catfish, migrating salmon occasionally crossing roads during floods, and the "land sharks" mentioned here, it's surprising that more fish didn't take up residence on land. Oh, and those land sharks. Now you're not even safe out of the water...

[@kinglyzard]

The land is already a very busy place. Back in Tiktaalik's day, land was free of any predators and competition and chockablock with food. Plus, Mudskippers aren't just close relatives of gobies, but actually are gobies.

[@discoveryhistory5210]

This an amazing video and also educational.

[@FreedomAnderson]

Mudskippers are my favourite animal.

[@kinglyzard]

The Poster Child for Darwinian evolution.

[@icre8]

Great Video!

[@KevinM88TR11]

Love this channel, I just found it. Left a like 👍.

[@blueumbreon444]

Interesting video. Can we also get one describing how bugs came to land?

[@scottgeorge4760]

I'm watching this on a rainy ☔ morning in Oregon with my cat's and I'm explaining to them about their ancestor's , Cat🐈 Fish 🐟

[@greenkoopa]

#MothLightMedia thanks for your chill content, it does help

[@ultra_gagayay]

God: NOOOOO FISH CANT GO TO LAND I WANT BUG KINGDOM fish: Haha limbs go brr

[@rickeyripp4278]

It's still bug kingdom if we're looking at numbers

[@coltonbates629]

@@rickeyripp4278 In the end, we return to the bugs. It's likely that when we're gone the bugs will take over us. We are servants to the bugs. We must worship our bug overlords!

[@RizkyBambangWiratmoko]

@@coltonbates629 ah yeah, bugs. It's really dominant that it even present on my phone and PC.

[@katie-pt9ix]

awesome video

[@toranmurray-preece7354]

big respect solid video

[@kimbratton9620]

Awesome!!!

[@Enseraku]

Excited for this one

[@jorgerangel2390]

You made my day with this

[@RB-420]

great work, as always

[@Abrce]

A facinating topic

[@kobieta3906]

This is very entertaining! Awesome vid

[@potatoking6217]

First carl Sagan 42 then smosh pit now this? This morning is good indeed

[@janargallon4005]

We see illustrations of fishes turning into tetrapods on clear waters. But I think it's more likely a water - mud - land journey. Like those fishes leant to live on mud first while the walky walky parts are still evolving. Just like how ray finned fishes are doing it today (via mudskippers).

[@dimetrodon2250]

Plenty river dwelling fish like snakeheads, climbing perch, eels, catfish, etc. live in pretty muddy conditions, and all are known to travel short distances over land.

[@Cobbido]

Coastlines with high and low tides would be an apt spot

[@mathyeti]

3:46 ... Labyrinthidonts (eusteroptodon?) - 390 ma - seem to have 3 pairs of fins that could develop into "legs", but at 4:25, Tiktaalik - 375 ma - clearly has only 4 limbs. Where did the other pair go?

[@farangtikitungmuang]

First came a bunch of planktonic detritus stranded on the land by the enormous tides of the early earth when the moon was closer. Fungus found a way to follow until, finally, plants transitioned to life as lichens and mosses until forests flourished. Invertebrate animals were the next to exit the sea, then fish also eventually followed along.

[@borntowild480]

Instead of " How fish came to land" It should have been " Some fish thingy wanted to see tree shaped fungus & here we are fighting to stay alive " 🤣🤣🤣 Love you video! Actually rewatching it

[@tocororo]

Oh!...All this time I thought they just made a pact with a sea witch in exchange for their voices.

[@benjamindover5676]

9:05,, LOL,, Ken Ham!

[@jacorp7476]

Lol how ironic

[@matthewwelsh294]

Is that the religious nut who thinks evolution is a Chinese hoax lol

[@matthewwelsh294]

@Cameron There is one who think thinks the Earth is flat, evolution is fake and people lived with dinosaurs lol

[@whyukraine]

Hey will you PLEASE organise your vids into playlists so we can binge.

[@Jellyfish146]

😯 the ancestors

[@lesliesylvan]

Thank you~

[@Edward-ed2oi]

Do one on some deepsea fish and their evolution

[@chadocracy]

1:35 THERE HE IS, GET HIM!!

[@thepumpkin3203]

cool

[@joj4096]

Imagine if another fish that is similar to our ancestors and made a different lineage of four limb tetrapods?

[@richardcollins5189]

There is a bichir and it evolved in a similar way bt it is in the modern day

[@LPVince94]

Unlikely since the conditions are entirely different now. This new lineage would need to compete with already existing tetrapods over the same resources.

[@vituzui9070]

But how do we know it isn't the case though? Do all tetrapods really descend from one single species of fish? Why not from two or three?

[@Dragrath1]

@@vituzui9070 because we all share a last common ancestor it should be noted however that there are a number of lineages of fish that have convergently evolved limbs or leg like fins to walk along the seafloor to sneak up on their prey

[@vituzui9070]

@@Dragrath1 All tetrapods have a common ancestor, yes. But why could not this ancestor be a legless fish, from which then came many related and similar species of fishes with legs (like tiktaalik), and then, from those many species of fishes, different strands of tetrapods? At least I don't know of data that exclude this possibility.

[@derrickbonsell]

It's easy to see a "primitive" fish like Dunkleosteus as being around before vertebrates made the transition to land, but they were actually contemporaneous.

[@MrMalvolio29]

Are drastic changes to climate and environment at the end of the Devonian Period what caused the majority of the lobe-finned fish to go extinct? If the limb-like “fins” and presence of *both* lungs and gills were such great evolutionary advantages to the small group of lobe-finned fish that *could* get around in shallow water and on land, it would seem that these types of lobe-finned fishes would have increased and proliferated. Yet, as your characteristically superb video makes clear, today only a very small number of these types of fish (the lungfish, the coelocanth, etc) still exist. Do evolutionary biologists know what evolutionary pressures caused “lobe fins” to develop in some fish to begin with (particularly since, as with the coelocanth, most of these fishes could *not* use their wrist-less lobe-fins to get around on land *at all*)?

[@caviramus0993]

Lobe-fin fish are pretty successful since they gave rise to tetrapods. In water they faced a pretty serious competition from ray finned and cartilagenous fish. That may be an important factor. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234183 Here is some study concerning the diversity of lobe-finned fish.

[@MrMalvolio29]

@@caviramus0993 Thank you for the reply. *Of course*-as the video makes abundantly clear-lobe-finned fish may be viewed as evolutionarily successful in that they eventually gave rise to tetrapods. As the video also makes clear, however, the vast majority of lobe-fins (such as the coelacanth) were “wristless

[@MrMalvolio29]

...and the “wristless” lobe-fins could get around neither in the shallows nor on land. They, thus, didn’t have the “advantage” of being able to breathe either or land (with lungs) or in water (with their lungs). My last question about WHY the “lobe-fins” initially evolved to begin with remains unanswered. Nevertheless, the video does raise great questions, and your reply adds to the clarification. Thank you.

[@MrMalvolio29]

I of course meant that the lobe-fins used their GILLS (not lungs) to breathe in water. Ugh. I’m obviously not at my best today.

[@davidh.4944]

Whether an adaptation is an advantage or not is always relative to the current environment, which includes the competition. It's not a simple matter of "they have both lungs and gills, therefore they have the edge". Having two systems to maintain incurs a substantial energy cost over one, and sometimes efficiency is a bigger factor than flexibility. Outside of their littoral and benthic environmental niches, there's no real advantage to having lobes or lungs, and so the sleeker, faster, more energy-efficient ray-finned fishes simply outperform them. There was really nowhere for lobe-fins to "proliferate" to, except onto land. Natural selection is a complex, multi-faceted, and always changing system, and you cannot usually point to just a single "reason" why a lineage succeeded or went extinct.

[@davidc.6331]

Can you make a video about the ecosystem Allosaurus lived in?

[@piterkristianto5647]

hey whats wrong with the CC why it become awkward...

[@Hidemyname78]

Going from water to land was a very hard step to make

[@85water7]

the coelacanth from animal crossing was so popular they made it in real life

[@tonyaltobello6885]

YAYYYYYYYYYYY A VIDEO FROM MOTHLIGHT!!!!!!

[@charlesjmouse]

It's an intriguing thing. We have a good series of fossil fishapods at the expected age that illustrate the story of "climbing on to land" very well, and yet: There are undeniable tetrapod trackways seemingly a fair bit older than the fishapods we know about. Seemingly no body or tail dragging either, which rather suggests a pretty 'advanced' animal made them. Does that mean? -We are looking at the right fossils but the trackways belong to an earlier, possibly failed, attempt. -We have documented a later, possibly failed, attempt and we should be looking for whatever made the tracks. (we should anyway) -Maybe all tetrapods aren't part of the same radiation. How would we know? Are we all part of one radiation now (lineage extinction) or not? -We've gotten our dates wrong - fossils / trackways / expectations / all of the above? -Maybe the tracks aren't tracks, although I don't think anyone has attributed them to anything else. -The story as we understand it is a good deal muddier than we think - as a general rule people tell neater stories than mother nature. Happily whatever the answer there's still an awful lot to discover. :-)

[@JuicyJam]

DRINKING GAME!!! Take a sip of your drink when there is: - a time lineage - a genetic tree - a new illustration - a size comparison Take a shot when: - the narrator says "however"

[@mr.verzier.akaspy2744]

That fact that evolution had animals evolve to live on land and then later evolve to live in the water again multiple different time is very strange to me.

[@Dr.IanPlect]

You say that as though it was planned out, which it wasn't.

[@MichelZongo-q3r]

I liked it

[@スノーハッピー]

Why did the ray-finned fish lose their lungs? Does it make their swim bladders more effective?

[@rishi7629]

Buoyancy control is a better thing to have in oxygen-rich waters.