How Fuel Injection Works - Direct vs Port Injectors

[@declanobrien4852]

This guy and his channel is the treasure trove of information I have been looking for. Great videos.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Watch my "Gas Pedal - Explained" video. Also, start at the beginning of my "Acceleration and Sensors" playlist on my channel page, and watch those videos. These will more than cover the throttle body. :)

[@isaiahholland2776]

crazy that youre still making vids now. shows how much you love engineering and cars. hope to see you making more vids in the future!

[@steezvisions]

I'm in 8th grade and we just learned about simple engines with carborators in science class when my teacher pointed out that most newer engines use fuel injection. It sounded realt hard to learn but this is really straightforward. I absolutely love cars and learning everything about them. Seriously great video

[@edgards]

Should do an updated version of this video!

[@Tapport]

I'm pretty sure this is the channel that I learned how ABS works from a few years ago. Subbed, I owe it.

[@EngineeringExplained]

+Tapport Thanks for the sub!

[@cloroxbleach118]

HID-LED-XENON nope. There are oil rings on the pistons that act as seals between the fuel and oil. No oil gets into the cylinder, just on the sides, and walls

[@albiedam3312]

Dang Jason, you've covered all my questions, even the ones not often asked. Thank you for your content!

[@sephiros9883]

I don't know how many of your videos I've watched, but every time I'm wondering something, I know you will have covered it well. Your channel is remarkable and you have a gift explaining complex engineering concepts to everybody. Kudos!

[@EngineeringExplained]

+sephiros9883 Glad you enjoy the content, thanks for watching and happy new year!

[@ryancaseydotcom]

I started with your newer videos on driving manual and your tips for driving manual. Now I have found your old videos. They are very helpful. Thank you!

[@EngineeringExplained]

Thanks, glad you could learn!

[@Chronix74]

Awesome dude, thank you for providing a simple, easily understood, concise video. subbed.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Kubi Thanks!

[@CaptainFalcon92]

9 years ago but still your old videos are more informative than anything else i could find on yt. Thanks.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Regular maintenance can go a long way, you are right there for sure. My 99' Integra only has 115k miles on it but if I didn't check the oil regularly (it burns a good amount) it would have probably died not too long ago. That said, all the electric motors still work, A/C has never given out, so that's been nice.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Absolutely, thanks for watching!

[@a.louisejones3785]

I'm 12 and I've seen all of your vids and I am helping my friends father build his Supra.

[@EngineeringExplained]

You're an awesome 12 year old. When I was 12 I was useless.

[@a.louisejones3785]

Thanks... can I hav a shout out vid? And can you explain the McLaren P1?

[@a.louisejones3785]

Ps this is my moms account. A.Louise Jones isn't my name.

[@ctawab]

That the real way to learn. Getting under the bonnet.

[@14Gab88]

Who else here chef at wendys making 570k a year ? /success/

[@peteacher52]

Clear diagrams and easy to follow commentary, obviously the result of much preparation. Well done.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Thanks!

[@Denier77]

Hey bud. Just wanted to say thanks for the videos. So far I have only watched around 4 of them, but they have been extremely helpful. I'm actually really into video games, and it's sort of embarrassing being around family members and friends who talk about vehicles at times and I have no idea what they are talking about. It's like they are speaking a Foreign Language. So, thank you in helping explain some of the characteristics of vehicles.

[@RanaBanana92]

The difference in your videos from now to before is amazing. Been watching from your first videos man. Keep it up you're awesome.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Yep, it is indeed!

[@theomenccw]

thanks keep up the good work i watch your videos every week and have learned alot i love your method of teaching

[@EngineeringExplained]

You're welcome!

[@seanp4700]

dude I was doing uni assignment and your vids answer most of the general questions... just amazing, would recommend to all kids in MECH

[@EngineeringExplained]

1. There are far more variables involved than fuel injection delivery method. I'm currently working on a playlist of increasing horsepower, hopefully this will answer the question of "what variables?" as I develop the playlist. 2. Yes, e85 has a high octane rating (105 or so), allowing for high pressures and temps. Direct injection further allows greater compression and higher temps you can inject fuel just before igniting the fuel.

[@EngineeringExplained]

I won't say all as there may still be one or two out there that still are not, but the vast majority are, yes. Small engines (lawnmowers, go-karts) still often use carburetors. NASCAR used carburetors up until 2012/2013.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Yes, I will have videos on this in the coming weeks!

[@EngineeringExplained]

Not sure what your question is. The answer is either 1 valve is for exhaust, or there are 2 inlet valves, and two exhaust valves, each of which are used for maximum airflow.

[@ralphbruno3726]

Great video. You explain things really well. You should consider teaching!

[@SwagOnGurlz]

Wow, these videos are very informative! You deserve your own show!

[@samikshapatil7863]

hey, a big thank you from India :)it was the simplest explanation to that topic.

[@EngineeringExplained]

@ThePustr117 If it's port injection, then the fuel will inject directly before the intake valve opens (electronically controlled). If it's direct, the fuel will inject in one or multiple stages, during intake, sometimes during compression, and sometimes during the beginning of the combustion phase. The proper amount of fuel is released based on how much air the ECU sees coming into the engine (there will be an air sensor for the ECU) to keep a fairly constant air/fuel ratio.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Interesting, I haven't heard of this.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Likely that they spray when the valve is open, there would be no need when the valve is closed. Also, with direct injection it is obviously sprayed only when necessary.

[@international645]

You should consider doing a video specifically on mechanical fuel injection!

[@keosintal]

I read in a book and some website that rotators avoid deposits from building up because of the wiping action between the valve face and seat when the valves are opened. Just like fuel injected into valves in multi-point

[@EngineeringExplained]

With F1 the fuel is injected directly into each individual throttle body (each cylinder has it's own) which feeds directly to the intake valve.

[@ConsoleGamingSucks]

I thought the last kind was a stratified engine ? Awesome videos anyway, really helped me.

[@michaelovitch]

Is that the lift trucks and parts group ? i'm French i'm not sure what you are talking about. I should have done the same i love everything rolling with an engine.

[@joycekelly2385]

I love your videos. I'm just starting and trying to learn more and your videos click so well with me and are explained soooo well. Thank you!!!

[@Mr2pint]

Good video straight to the point

[@EngineeringExplained]

Not a problem!

[@EngineeringExplained]

The spark will usually be somewhere in the center, and the injection can be off to the side a bit.

[@EngineeringExplained]

@NicksCorvetteMan Hey, the vette wasn't too far behind. They first started using throttle body fuel injection in '57. (Though of course direct is superior).

[@Forwardoperationbase]

April 2020 Fake covid 19 quarantine and still watching!

[@EngineeringExplained]

Viewing spree - I like that, you a halo fan haha? Anyways, you are correct, about the fuel injectors; it's just important that the fuel gets in the cylinder before the power stroke, direct injection bypasses what a carb does. Thanks for watching!

[@EngineeringExplained]

You need intake valves to get air into the cylinder. The spark plug is likely up in the center, with the fuel injector off to the side a bit.

[@EngineeringExplained]

I live in the NW, originally from the east coast. I'd like to get into engine building eventually!

[@EngineeringExplained]

Haha honestly I thought the same for my car, because I burn a serious amount of oil (back of my car is black, though it's paint is silver) but I still passed emissions. I guess my engine is just so small it didn't matter much.

[@cryptoanjuna8343]

Wow you looked so different back then! Would be nice if u do a refresher video of this.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Good luck!

[@reynagaray2855]

Super easy to understand! Thanks :)

[@marcinlaszkiewicz3243]

Any chance of a video on Batch Injection vs Sequential Injection for Multipoint Injection setups? Great channel!

[@Beef1188]

Im not sure what kind of diesel I have, according to under what corner the injectors are places, it looks more the wall guided design but that isn't the diesel profile... But in general you have to love those diesels! You can pack a car full of people and fill the trunk to the end so that it will completely bottom out untill the tires scrape the wheel base in corners and it won't affect the car performance in any noticeable way!

[@WatchoutNSG]

Great vid on the difference and evolution of fuel injection, love your vids, its always an enlightening and teaching experience coming from you!

[@foxbraap6373]

My good sir, you are awesome. All of your videos are so well explained and very educational. I have learned so much valuable information tonight watching your videos. If I may request, I am into sportbikes, and I am new to electronic fuel injection "EFI". Could you make a video on tuning EFI, I have an aftermarket exhaust, oil filter, and air filter on my bike. I know it could use some tuning. How does it work? Whats the best device for doing it? How do I do it correctly?

[@EngineeringExplained]

No, flat piston heads. At one point they had a slight curve, but I don't believe they do that anymore.

[@EngineeringExplained]

The intake valve is for air.

[@Daluke61]

Learned me something new and thanks!

[@EngineeringExplained]

Correct.

[@keosintal]

Yes. I learn Benz's EFI schematic from a book published in 1963. And it stated about GDI too.

[@feldrand9992]

very simple explained, thank you!

[@EngineeringExplained]

VTEC is for increasing airflow, not fuel delivery, so yes, it still holds it's value.

[@mechcoach7181]

very nicely explained

[@TheEdudo]

could you please do a throttle body explanation on newer diesel engines, i cant find anything about stoichiometry on diesels. Good videos

[@EngineeringExplained]

Graduated from NCSU with a BS in mechanical, yes.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Pretty sure he's right actually, unless you can provide some literature from VW that says otherwise. Turbocharged Direct Injection described their diesel engine line-up, but does not have "diesel" in the acronym.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Just means the fuel injectors are timed and controlled electronically. Could be applied to the injection processes I've described in this video.

[@monti007007007007]

thx man. simple and easy u explain whole lecture in 4:22 😂

[@EngineeringExplained]

I'm an application engineer at NMHG.

[@SEFF3R]

kickass video dude. thanks!

[@InSearchOfReality]

Could you do a segment explaining how a chip(ECU) modification works and what parts of the engine it affects?

[@EngineeringExplained]

I'm assuming your only referring to direct injection, and regarding this, fuel injectors can inject rather quickly. Time to inject typically isn't an issue, so much as time for combustion.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Well, it's still going to swirl around in the cylinders, and if any isn't burned it will certainly touch the exhaust valve. But likely the gas companies just want something cool to talk about.

[@nikhilvengatesan6213]

Very neatly presented nd good diagrams ! short nd sweet ! (y) !

[@MrMactoshi]

Great video!

[@EngineeringExplained]

@sage1wt Just different names for the same thing.

[@sanjeetsinghk]

Hey, please help me understand more about Multi port injection system (MPFI), it would be great!

[@malikmalik0216]

Thanks for the video

[@Fallen_Bishop]

good channel man...keep it up..

[@jonaskalbermatter9347]

Nice video :3 one question can you make a video about how a fuel injection pump works?

[@EngineeringExplained]

@chris22anthony Yes.

[@Limivorous1]

They have always used some form of injection system, diesel simply does not mix efficiently with air as, compared to petrol, it is not as volatile at the temperatures and pressures present in an engine (petrol evaporated very easily). As mentioned in the video it is also much more viscous and requires much more pressure to atomise and inject quick enough.

[@JoshParrett]

I was just wondering how each injector knows when to inject the fuel? I presume it has something to do with an ECU? or a timing belt? Awesome videos btw, really helpful and well made!

[@EngineeringExplained]

Yep, the ECU programming will control the timing of fuel injection.

[@metodraginii]

Great job, man! Just a question, why do we need intake valves in the direct injecting gasoline ones (for air only?) and where are the spark plugs with the spray guided version if there is an injector there?

[@EngineeringExplained]

Haha thanks, I kinda have one here on KZbin. :)

[@jimcameron9848]

2017 - June - and here in AZ we have extreme heat advisories. I am looking for information on the impact of excessive heat on fuel injections systems - specifically pumps situated inside the gas tank. Thoughts suggests are welcomed. This was an extremely helpful video. Kudos to you!

[@mohitmandokhot]

Hello Jim, With the temperatures soaring, the primary pump inside of the gas tank can handle some amount of fuel vapor pressure. These systems are designed to work under death valley temperatures. The excessive vapor that evaporates due to these hot temperatures on a summer day is captured and recirculated inside the engine. This process of fuel emissions was first brought to concern by the California Air Resources Board, and lead to the development of modern evaporative emissions control systems specifically for the hot summer days in AZ.

[@jimcameron9848]

Thank you and Wow! In all my years on KZbin that fine Sir is the best response I have ever received to a question. Truly and thank you. This made my day. I am doing research on this motivated in part by a GMC passenger van that had its fuel pump go on the second hottest day here in Tucson, Arizona. I did spot temperature readings the following day of the ground level - catching 136 F to 138 F. Now I realize the engine is hotter than this, however, I imagined the surface road temp. acting like a nice skillet - hot to the touch. Moreover, it would not be the case that a downward cooling effect could occur given the constant upward push of the hot air. I am a layperson so I contrast this with Canada where I grew up - my Dad used to put cardboard over the radiator vent in the winter time to deliberately try and stoke the engine, even with a block heater plug in (minus 40 C). I am definitely going to look into this further because here is my theory and it is only a theory: if one saw the higher prolonged temperature and marginally increase - mainly the surface heat where cars operate - there would be a tipping point in fuel pump reliability. Now what I am thinking here is the activity before and during fuel intake and in the case of GMC, within the gas tank. I need to read up on this more, but there is an issue concerning the expansion of fuel from heat and the effect of oxygen both in the tank (and I need to check this) but also in the aeration process itself. If you don't mind, I will send you a message with my findings and the only reason why I am interested in this is because the mechanics I speak to say the same thing - hot days knock out fuel pumps. Sorry for the long message, but I really appreciate your feedback and again, I will send you a message via KZbin where I will be posting my findings and it does include peer reviewed journal articles on hot air interplay with injectors. Saludos to you Good Sir! Jim

[@mohitmandokhot]

Jim, Good to know you are conducting an independent verification. It would be interesting to see what you find in support of your theory. The evaporative emission control systems purge vapor upto a certain level from the tank. But a failure in these may cause the pump to have larger amounts of two-phase mixture that could lead to the mechanical failure. In terms of diagnosis of failure and reliability, attributing the cause of failure to mechanical or electrical causes of pump failure could give you some direction. I would be interested to know what route this investigation takes. Best wishes!

[@AlejandroReyes94]

Hey! iv been checking out most of your videos and you are great at explaining components, my car has been having issues with the fuel regulator in the fuel line, could you explain how it works? thanks!

[@wh-ci4gl]

Awesome explanation, thank you!

[@anggiteknos3304]

yes,good explaining.we want to make video about tutorial like as that,in indonesian version.good job

[@nickhockett8491]

Multi point-port just can't decide which one to pick? :) haha but great video!

[@627horsepowers]

Can you address the issue with intake valve carbon buildup on many direct injection engines?

[@mohitmandokhot]

627horsepowers A direct fuel injection is timed to happen during the intake valve open phase of the cylinder motion. The orientation of the injectors may cause some mist of fuel to be impinged on the back end of the intake valve. When the valve closes and combustion occurs, the heat from inside the cylinder ~2000K causes the incomplete combustion of the impinged fuel causing soot to form on the back of the valve. This may be the cause of carbon deposits on the intake valve.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Perhaps, but I've only ever heard direct used in terms of directly injecting fuel into the cylinders, rather than the intake runners.

[@nezerac]

Great explanation as per usualy man! I swear there's always a end up at one of your vids whenever I'm just musing about engines. XD

[@EngineeringExplained]

Haha, many thanks!

[@EngineeringExplained]

The best part is I didn't pay to be there! Thanks for watching.

[@lynxthirtytwo]

Recently stumbled upon your videos and have been on a viewing spree! Thank you for your video explanations! Just a quick question regarding this video; I watched your carburetor explanation video where fuel was injected into the air intake before the intake manifold. In the case of fuel injection, is this effort bypassed seeing as fuel will be added to the air later?

[@kickinrocks101]

Can you explain how a pre-ignition chamber can be used to reduce fuel pressure. Does the chamber open and close, or does the chamber size make a big difference?

[@danieldavies3415]

Can you please explain stand off fuel injection, batch fire injection and sequential injection. specifically I would like to know if batch fire injection creates a port wetting situation!

[@theomenccw]

also could you make a video explaining how the air goes through the intake valves for cars that dont have carburettors? thanks

[@DoriFord]

Actually, VTEC is needed to decrease airflow, but improve air speed at lower RPM. Port dia is a matter of final airflow. Honda has huge ports for maximum power at specific RPM. While VTEC just manages the air speed in the port throat, so that fuel won't drop out of suspension, and inlet air won't have a lot of waves, moving the mixture inside/outside the CC as it would with high lift at low RPMs. That's the whole idea.

[@matrix777able]

Been bing watching your vids this is the only one I find faults with . BMW first used multi port petrol fuel injection in 1937 using a timed injection pump just like a diesel ,later umoe and mabac ( forgive my spelling ) designed there own after the war Mercedes designed and built them for cars with bochs pumps . I believe in ,65 to 67 GM experimented with multi port injection for the 283 ci .Aside from a few other try’s throttle body injection didn’t arrive till ,77 in a Cadillac then 86 in some GM trucks . Depending on how good my memory is lol

[@aaronklein1490]

So I was wondering if you would do a follow up video now that it's been so long about the differences between older style Injectors with one hole vs ones with 4 6 and even 12 holes. I know their are gains to be had in the economy and emission department but you'd have a better way of explaining what gains and how those would be achieved. Thanks man!