How Gravitational Waves may be hiding Secrets of The Big Bang

[@StefBelgium]

Arvin Ash, simply thank you for taking the time to make those great videos and educate people who are not specialist in this field! Thanks a million and greetings from Belgium.

[@ArvinAsh]

I appreciate that!

[@amlazy9908]

@Michael Bishop was wondering similarly if it's not just decay but that at cmb background start was the start of the meta-stable vacuum start where the gravitational background now resides in the lower true vacuum.

[@rakar686]

@Michael Bishop yeah ✨

[@b4byf4c3455451n]

@@ArvinAsh of course you do appreciate that, but I am asking you, have you ever considered the big bang constant in space and time..? How about vacuum energy..?

[@nailabrain6714]

@@ArvinAsh Hello, I have a Problem to understand the Gravity and the Orbit of the moon. The Orbit does increase 3.8cm each year. Science says the moon speed is increased. But the moon has a distance of 400000km and the speed is 1km/s. Billion years ago the distance was 200000km and the speed was 1.3km/s. Result must be moon speed is getting slower. If the moon has no speed it will Fall down to earth. If moon speed is 10 Times higher it will Lost in space. Seems to be there is another force if mass is moved. And this force is unknown until today.

[@das_it_mane]

Besides how exciting this would be if we could detect gravitational waves from earlier than the CMB, I just wanna say thank you for making these videos. You're prob my fav channel for this stuff. Cheers!

[@vedantsridhar8378]

I've been watching him for exactly one year now. I remember having started watching him last year during my summer vacation, and I'll never stop watching him.

[@jeffreyspinner9720]

Why do you take without some serious vetting, a creation (sic) from Georges Lemaître a priest that first proposed the Big Bang hypothesis? Compound that on the "evidence" presented about the CMB which violates the laws of thermodynamics, and common sense, i.e., how do you eliminate everything "in front" of CMB measurements to come up with differentials so small, (8 decimal place variances IIRC) it could be measurement error or data processing artifact? Did anyone account for the "CMB" water in the oceans emit, and the CMB in Romania or in Eastern Europe somewhere far away from the ocean that showed ZERO CMB variability? I like Mr. Ash and his videos. I'd just like for him to include his stuff in context to the amazing amount of information that should condition his presentations. He _has_ done so with some things he presents, to my great praise, because out of context, all that happens is ppl revert to listening like at the foot of a guru, not a scientist trying to figure out the world around us. No one is infallible, that's why there's a bedrock tenant of science: reproducibility (something that current age scientific studies are approaching zero... no bueno). There are no "Appeals to Authority" in science (ok, there is, it's called scientific progress by tombstone, i.e., until the old guard freakin' dies, no scientific advancement happens because they snuff out all challenges to their invested theories but that shouldn't happen with the general public (nothing is every beyond question, that's a foundational principle of the scientific method and the logical fallacy of the appeal to authority: (s)he must know just because, they are a public figure, a person referred to with deference, etc., which by itself doesn't make what they say beyond vetting. That's the whole scam of experts when you see them on TV. Why cigarettes used Doctors to sell their cigarattes, and why Silicon Valley bans credible ppl first, because they can influence ppl more powerfully. Think deeper)). For a theory to maintain itself, it has to hold true for _all_ challenges, but it takes only ONE falsification to end its life. That means the existence of one falsifying data point, ends a theory's life. Imo, the inability to answer the question of how they could remove the signal of all the galaxies, and other things "in front" of the CMB is one of them. The other is the emission from the ocean by the detectors is another. Never discussed, catastrophic information that should be answered, honestly. Especially, if the only evidence of a proposal by a priest (let there be light, bang), is the one that created this avenue to go down, and it's only evidence is the CMB. Might as well propose the Ether, Celestial Spheres, or Climate Change.

[@vedantsridhar8378]

@@jeffreyspinner9720 Well expressed

[@jeffreyspinner9720]

@@vedantsridhar8378 It took until I started to read Medical Textbooks for me to realize I have the right to understand things in context. To this day, (I was a temp executive secretary in the late 1980s and I brought stuff to read) I will always remember a text that stated: "We know this. Given we only know this, apply that in cases like this." I thought, oh crap, docs don't know everything and they are just doing the best they can to mitigate their ignorance... That's all I expect from every doc, even if they're PhDs and they are Physicists.

[@priyanktamilsekaran8550]

I remember asking for a video that says the link btw energy & information. The next video was the same after Arvin Ash replied to my comment 😊.

[@chrismason6857]

I spent my career as an government imagery intelligence analyst looking at our own planet with a variety of sensors across the spectrum. I love hearing about how similar tech is turned away from the earth and used to observe the universe. It’s fascinating. Thanks for your content.

[@tafazzi-on-discord]

doesn't using your face and name put you at risk? I imagine there are quite a lot of criminal organizations that would know how to use some of the informations your professiom gives you access to.

[@gamingtalent2888]

oh man, your videos really give more reasons to be alive at the moment when these types of discoveries are made. Love it :)

[@ModMINI]

After this last year, it's one of the only things keeping most of us going.

[@nagbalkur1365]

One word. Outstanding explanation of gravitational astronomy

[@_judge_me_not]

I REALLY want to pursue a career in theoretical physics I would love to research Preparing for IISER But don't know if I will be able to crack YOUR VDOS HAVE HELPED ME A LOT THANK YOU SO MUCH

[@harshad761977]

Anything is possible. Just need strong willpower and hard work.

[@whocares2214]

Keep working at it! You can do anything you put your mind to

[@constpegasus]

Somebody has to do it. Why not You???

[@vineetasingh145]

Hey....same here and I'm also preparing for IISER. Just one month left.🤞

[@constpegasus]

@@vineetasingh145 Do well.

[@magnushorus5670]

This is literally better than anything on TV

[@lunariclunestra8335]

I really love the videos you make. I learned so much about my favorite topics. This video will be awesome too. Thank you Arvin, you're like the teacher I always wished for. Greetings from Germany!

[@gettothepoint_already3858]

Good to see you here again Arvin. Great video, excellent graphics and presentation (as usual).

[@vytautasdanielius7058]

0:16 that's the Sombrero galaxy, definitely NOT the Magellanic clouds

[@spookyaction]

The next image seems like magellanic clouds probably the videomaker have confused and mixed the pictures 😄

[@petergreen5337]

Thank you again .The pictures were good.

[@blindmoonbeaver1658]

These videos are very information dense! Thanks for giving such educational content and generating interest about science among people.

[@nannaz16]

Could you talk about b-modes of microwave background polarization, please? I would like to know more about it :) Greetings from Spain !!

[@parkershaw8529]

Arvin, the background noise is the vibration caused by passing by cars, trucks or earthquakes, not by their puny gravitational effect on the equipment.

[@niels9bohr]

Thank you, Arvin, and glad to see your head has healed up!

[@robertbangkok]

Me too, but I miss the cool hat!!!

[@vedantsridhar8378]

@@robertbangkok ikr

[@tejasraysad933]

I'm really impressed with ur content. Good job Arvin, keep sharing interesting science facts about our universe, I'll never miss any of'em❤

[@tzavrski]

Do "Cosmic neutrino background". BTW, great channel.

[@bidish2224]

I don't know which people dislike this videos. The amount of effort given in this videos is tremendous which is clearly appearing in this videos.

[@rudrajabasu4995]

Hey... Can you please make a video on rotational mechanics ...on the concepts of torque, angular momentum etc..please..

[@ArvinAsh]

I've been considering it. Look for it later this year.

[@rudrajabasu4995]

Ok...glad that you replied!!

[@robertosamaniegoeconmusic]

Thank you Arvin!

[@jacobleaney]

Your videos are the highlight of me week. Thank you for making another great one!

[@impromptu24]

Amazing, amazing video!!! Well done as always

[@thesameoldsouls]

So if the gravitational waves are everywhere like the CMB are we looking for some kind of a gravitational resonance that is everywhere? Thanks for your content it is fantastic 👍

[@tonywells6990]

@@DrDeuteron Hopefully there's a signal in that noise.

[@DrDeuteron]

@@tonywells6990 I don't think so, but there's still information about the physical processes that can be deciphered from noise statistics, e.g. white noise vs flicker noise and so on, also the magnitude, autocorrelations, variance, etc etc.. But the burden is then on the theorists to explain it, if the experimenters can measure it.

[@anotherJamesW]

is it possible for gravitational waves to move something on earth? What if the source was close?

[@DrDeuteron]

@@anotherJamesW With LIGO a 1B ly distant BH merger moved the mirrors by 1e-19m. (a proton is 1.6e-15m wide). Displacement is inversely proportional to distance (not squared).

[@tonywells6990]

@@anotherJamesW If it happened in our solar system (obviously not possible) then it would probably disrupt orbits but you would have to be within a million kilometres or less for it to be dangerous, ignoring any much more dangerous radiation. If you were within a few thousand km the gravitational waves would probably be able to break your bones!

[@iggyzorro2406]

This was a beautiful video, Professor Ashe, of a complicated subject. Very illucidating. Thank you. I often try to imagine the gravitational field created by my own body and how it effects the objects around me and their gravitational fields. How and why the Higgs field has mass and how particles get their mass from it is a mystery to me, though.

[@cloudpoint0]

*How and why the Higgs field has mass and how particles get their mass from it is a mystery to me, though.* The way I explain it to myself, using an oversimplified mental model, is that each quantum field has a natural minimum level of vibration, let’s call it a jitter. The more jitter that a quantum field has, the more the waves (particles) in the quantum field are said to have mass. Some quantum fields (like the electron) have a natural resonance with the Higgs field (or one side of their two-sided nature does). The quantum field borrows a tiny amount of energy from the Higgs field through its shared resonance so that its minimum jitter is a bit higher than its natural massless level would otherwise be. Mass is said to be present.

[@iggyzorro2406]

@@cloudpoint0 that's a great explanation. paints a clear picture. thanks.

[@iggyzorro2406]

@@goasthmago6354 thank you, Dr. Lincoln. I've watched and enjoyed many of your videos over on the fermilab channel. By the way, did you know that physics is everything? p.s. Didn't they use to say that all mass is just frozen energy? Or did I make that up? I doubt it.

[@meyou3362]

You have too much time on your hands iggy!!!!

[@iggyzorro2406]

@@meyou3362 time? or spacetime?

[@ovindupathirana2459]

Can you make a small briefing video about physics from the beginning up to the standard model

[@eyalille8325]

Hey love your videos Wanted to ask, how do we know gravity travels at the speed of light? I think a video about this could be interesting!

[@zerototalenergy150]

tjhank you !!!!!!!!!! wonderful!(as always😊)

[@Time-cc2qb]

You are a good person

[@curtislee1361]

You have a picture of Sombrero Galaxy described as the LMC and SMC. Your videos are fantastic and very educational. Keep 'em coming bud!

[@constpegasus]

One of the best explained yet. Didn't Leonard Susskind say finding gravitational waves in the CMB be a bad thing for string theory?

[@kishorbhatta5918]

interesting video, though I doubt 5:20 that anything the size of vehicles moving can produce gravitational waves to interfere with signal, we need to move astronomically heave objects to create GW waves, but earthly activities do create mechanical vibrations which affects laser reflecting mirrors in GW detecting systems. Engineers have come up with really brilliant ideas to suspend mirrors to isolate even smallest of vibrations so that distortion of space to width of a single proton could be detected using laser interferometer.

[@Regularsshorts]

Greatly explained,thank you.

[@ramizr]

When I started to watch the video I thought I will comment asking "Why don't we create a system like LIGO in Space ?" good to know its happening and respect to Arvin Ash for explaining this in such a brilliant way! Btw , I was wondering thinking a stupid question that we can observe Electromagnetic waves by instruments like Telescope, will it be impossible to make a device that will be able to see or show us Gravitational wave ? I mean is it possible to find "Graviton" or whether it exists or not ? If yes , what can be a way ?

[@ramizr]

@@DrDeuteron but , we haven't really observed graviton in any accelerator or we don't even know whether it exists or not.Even there's no mention in the "Standard Model" . I was wondering how you said so ? I think we've mathematical problem with renormalization in general relativity. So , there's no complete quantum field theory i guess .

[@hamburgerlord9552]

Great video 👍

[@charlesspringer4709]

Big bang is so darn mind-boggling. Question: Today we see gravitational waves generated by objects with rotation and a quadrapole moment. How would they be generated in the early universe?

[@Bill..N]

Great stuff Arvin..The production values, fascinating subject matter AND your friendly mastery of the "Science made simple" genre, is worthy of a cable TV contract..No kidding .- I think the day will DEFINITELY come that we build a sufficiently capable GWD and decode the earliest information in the universe..You mentioned that NEW physics could emerge from such observations, and amoung those new insights the one with potentially the most dramatic impact would be a refined understanding of TIME.. Certainly scientific shade is falling on Einstein's notion of "Spacetime" . Just a humble opinion..Thx.

[@nexus3112]

Can the gravitational background reveal anything about the quantum fluctuations??

[@ArvinAsh]

yes, it's possible

[@nexus3112]

@@ArvinAsh Thanks a lot!

[@ashishjangra5373]

Please make a video about electromagnetic spectrum

[@njm3211]

Arvin, why are gravitational waves limited by the speed of light since they are not electromagnetic in nature? Thanks

[@ArvinAsh]

They are limited by the maximum speed the universe allows. That maximum speed happens to be the speed at which massless particles travel. Gravity fits the bill, although we are not sure whether gravitons exist for sure.

[@RediscoveryChannel2021]

What did you use to create the animation of the person sitting inside, watching the waves?

[@ministerofjoy]

Thann you

[@robertroy1435]

How embarrassing...I watch the video yesterday and forgot to leave a like. Can't imagine what we're going to know about the universe in ten years.

[@alphagt62]

I was thinking, might it be easy to set up a laser detector in space? And avoid all that noise from Earth? And it could be super large! From here to the moon or something? As you said, the future will be a flood of new information!

[@nannaz16]

I really love this channel besides Im not an English native, I really appreciate your work!!

[@butterchuggins5409]

Man, this universe has the best waves.

[@jimgraham6722]

Thanks Arvin good one.

[@aashsyed1277]

looks interesting......thanks for your other videos.....a lot....

[@tanvirfarhan5585]

no one: Arvin: electromagnetic force is like a boy picking up some magnets

[@macronencer]

Wow, that's the first time I've ever seen that surface representing the non-zero minima of the Higgs field. I'd like to know more. What are the axes, and how does it map to physical reality? Probably a whole video in itself :)

[@macronencer]

@Leo Yohansen Thank you - I'll take a look!

[@lovelysingh924]

please make video on from smallest thing in the universe to biggest thing in the universe

[@kabirsethi2608]

Just asking, Is there any way for us to generate gravity waves that could be detected by a device such as this?

[@AnthonyGoodley]

We all have mass and mass affects space in the form of gravity waves. Ligo is only able to detect huge events like the merger of two black holes for instance. I seriously doubt that anything a human does, let's say with an average weight of 150 pounds, could create a significant enough gravity wave to begin to move the needle at Ligo in a detectable manner.

[@ArvinAsh]

Yes, gravity waves are created from any Accelerating mass. Accelerating trucks create gravitational waves that interfere with the detector.

[@AnthonyGoodley]

Well I stand corrected then. I did know that human activities interfered with Ligo. But I thought it was more along the lines of false positives.

[@atheistaetherist2747]

We can generate Newtonian GWs, by spinning or rotating a dumbbell etc. And i think that LIGO would detect such GWs if the source was suitably located. And such detection could easily be used to show that GWs travel at over 20 billion c. They dont travel at c.

[@eljcd]

Well, actually: "Gravity waves are waves generated in a fluid medium or at the interface between two media when the force of gravity or buoyancy tries to restore equilibrium. An example of such an interface is that between the atmosphere and the ocean, which gives rise to wind waves." wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_wave Please people, be precise with the terminology! We are already stuck with BigBang, BlackHoles, DarkMatter and DarkEnergy, don't add GravityWaves to the list!

[@purpisnicee]

I love ur channel

[@donarrivas1675]

There are mulitiple universes carrying different wave lengths which depend on the their origins creation. The universe we know is overlapped and also jonned by at least 3 diff universes. Some wave lengths are cancelled or integrated with each other.

[@prajwalpreteesh314]

I like your lectures very much because it is understandable for ordinary lay man also. More than that your approach to know things and your curiosity to know more and your probing mind should be model for everyone. I have certain basic questions about Big Bang itself. The theory presumes a common origin for everything in the Universe. One can imagine something is responsible for the creation of something else. That is what we witness everywhere and on everyday. The theory goes against this basic tenet. How do you explain this ?

[@ArvinAsh]

Thanks. Well, if by "something" you mean laws of physics, then I would agree with you. A small seed can create a large tree, for example, by simply executing it's built in genes and using the laws of physics. You could ask, "where did the seed come from?" It came from another tree. Where did the tree come from? It evolved from lower forms of plants over a long period. Where did these originally come from? The were the product of the laws of physics working on the ingredients and environment available in the early earth, and evolved to more sophisticated forms of living things over time. The original "something" was the laws of physics.

[@frocurl]

Awesome love your videos

[@dray7579]

Sorry guys abit off topic, but its aburning question. Arvin when doing the double slit experiment, will light stay a wave it i was to replace the white screen with a screen of photo detectors.

[@galahadgarza6905]

Arvin, how can even a space based interferometer detect an event that occurred 14.8 billion years ago (a one time event)? Do the waves continue to propagate from this event-like a tuning fork?

[@du5707]

Beats me. Like trying to detect the wave formed from a dropping a pebble in a ocean eons ago and from that of a wave formed by a tsunami today.

[@JohnnyAmerique]

@Michael Bishop They are detectable in principle. In practice though? That’s much more difficult. Detecting any gravitational waves is extremely difficult and requires incredibly sensitive detectors.

[@bruinflight1]

I'm curious about the CMB: does it look different from different locations in the visible universe? For instance, would the patterns look different from Andromeda, or some galaxy a billion light years away?

[@الباحثالعلميوالقرآن-س9ق]

دائمآ انت تتألق فى العلوم والإبداع أستاذ

[@stoneagecult9976]

He do not exits,thers no creator,no god it is just a fairytale which converts people into a taliban.

[@الباحثالعلميوالقرآن-س9ق]

@@stoneagecult9976 My friend, I am now talking about scientific issues and I did not talk about a religious issue, but now you want to drag me into a personal matter. I am free to choose any religion and you have the freedom to believe or not. This is personal freedom when you speak in a dictatorial manner and who told you that the Taliban are such Muslims Evil ones have taken religion as a front for terrorism. Your country is the one that supports these criminals. You do not know the facts. You know how to receive information and analyze it. Do not let anyone think about you. Believe me, racism and hatred are not of human nature.

[@الباحثالعلميوالقرآن-س9ق]

@@stoneagecult9976 I decided to share my information and it will stop me from thinking That is why I know that there is indeed energy, and it may be the greatest energy in this universe, and it is present in front of them, but they do not know it. Do you know why? Because it will pose a real danger if it is separated from the rest of the things in it Hello على فكرة انا لست زعلان منك بالعكس قد اسعدني التحدث معك

[@bachuodedara3228]

Sir can you please make a video on mathematics of warp drive?

[@picolo121]

Michelson and Morley were so lucky that there were no such advanced phase shift detectors in 18s.

[@jensklausen2449]

Maybe in a few hundred years, many will think that the mainstream science of this time was rather limited in its scope?

[@jamesruscheinski8602]

Would something happen to gravity waves similar to red shift for light electromagnetic wave coming from further distance?

[@VikingTeddy]

If you didn't occasionally remind me of Magellan, I'd completely forget about my subscription, even though the app stares me in the face every day. Going to watch that doc tonight.

[@ArvinAsh]

Good call!

[@shahulhameed3625]

Thought provoking. In water waves the changing entity is water molecules. Similarly in em waves the changing entity is electric and magnetic field. What is the changing entity in gravitational wave? Is it the space time itself?

[@profkingthing]

Thanks for another great video, hope you enjoy what you do because I certainly appreciate it.

[@who1989]

I've always wondered if the first gravitational waves were strong enough to form primordial black holes.

[@damo5701]

I've always wondered why it is said gravitational waves do not cause any time dilation, I suppose otherwise LIDO would not work....... maybe it doesn't? I assumed looking at the gravitational waves across the universe would be like standing on the shore looking at the waves across the ocean, how do we determine what created each individual wave, with any accuracy anyway?

[@lucaspierce3328]

The First Primordial Blackholes made the First Gravitational Waves as Black Dp-branes! The Matter/Antimatter Asymmetry and most aspects of Particle Physics especially the so called Coupling constants! Primordial Blackholes are the seeds of the Supermassive and Stupendously Large Extremal Blackholes located within the Centers of Most Galaxies!.

[@lucaspierce3328]

The Answer is Yes and the two are essentially one in the same thing!.

[@karllindberg]

Happy to see you've healed up! :) It really took it's time...

[@balazsadorjani1263]

I'm wondering: do gravitational waves 'redshift', like electromagnetic waves do? EM waves do it because of the expansion of the very fabric of spacetime, but gr.waves ARE the waviness of the fabric of spacetime, so... I'm confused. Excellent vid btw, as always! I love this topic!

[@jamesruscheinski8602]

How are gravity waves distinguished from one another, as wavelengths distinguish electromagnetic waves from each other?

[@jamesruscheinski8602]

Would a gravity wave from around time of start of universe get stronger or weaker as universe expands? What measurement used for strength of gravity wave?

[@Mulavi]

Like a giant piece of space vinyl. Now we just have to get a suitable turntable to see what it sounds like.

[@kan0o0]

what would happen if the big bang was a vacuum decay from another higher energy state from a previous universe? would it be possible to detect such an event ? (i mean to prove it right or wrong with any experiment or detections)

[@SkipMichael]

What is the speed of gravitational waves? Does a strong gravitational wave, cancel out a weak wave. if a gravitational wave is going in one direction and a stronger wave going in the same direction adds or strengths the wave. What happens if a gravitational wave is struck by a gravitational wave at a right angle? Many questions.

[@zakirhussain-js9ku]

Space is an energy field with uniform energy density. Mass changes uniform energy density balance. Energy density increases towards Mass & decreases away from mass. Higher energy density regions act as crests & lower energy density regions act as troughs. When mass moves these crests & troughs also move generating gravitational waves like EM waves produced by motion of charge. Gravitational waves propagate through space at light speed for which space act as a medium.

[@dhoyt902]

Lookin good Arvin!

[@Midnight_sigma]

Its so satisfying whenever i see your new video's notification ❤️❤️❤️

[@L2p2]

how is it is possible to see gravitational waves from before the CMB? It should not be possible because cosmic inflaiton happened faster the ligght speed (which is why we cannot see light form before). Similarly gravitational waves from before will not be visible. is it not?

[@SolomonUcko]

Could combining the data from multiple interferometers in different places be used to eliminate earthly background noise?

[@islander888]

If we are able to detect the frequency and amplitute of the gravity wave around us and somehow create an opposing wave, we can neutralize gravity and float around.

[@Jr_Scientist]

causing disturbances in gravitational waves from massive objects.

[@mrutyunjayasahoo971]

I have one question that how from small atoms the gravitational waves are created ? And one more is that if we can see only to the CMB then how did we make theory about the structure of the universe before that ?

[@dritemolawzbks8574]

Gravitational waves would need to be quantized because the current theories from Newton and Einstein can't be explained by discrete units of _spacetime_ _curvatures_ . The existing unified field theories, elementary particles, and laws of quantum physics accurately explains what happened in the fractions of a second after the Big Bang.

[@TheElectra5000]

I don't know if you already answered this on another vid, but what led to all the matter in the universe to make a big bang instead of a black hole?

[@cloudpoint0]

A black hole is caused by extremely high energy density, not just by lots of energy (or mass) being nearby. That energy needs to be able to fall inward towards a single point and collapse. Immediately after the big bang, energy wasn’t dense enough to make one ultramassive black hole, and it was getting less dense by the second due to rapid expansion making falling inward impossible. Possibly very small patches of the universe were dense enough and / or expanding more slowly, leading to some primordial black holes (but we haven’t detected any). Matter came after the initial moment of the big bang, matter was created in stages by the unfolding of the big band.

[@cloudpoint0]

@YAMERO CAT They are not my ideas. They are what many or most astrophysicists will tell you. I think point 2 is the only one that you might still hear some old school opinions expressed about (ignore them). 1) There is no physical singularity anywhere either before or after the event called the big bang. 2) The universe didn’t pop up -it always existed - but there was a phase transition 14 billion years ago. 3) Black holes form when too much matter (mass) is together in a small volume and gravity pulls it all towards its center of gravity where it collapses into a void (again no physical singularity, just a math artefact). 4) We don’t know how supermassive black holes formed but repeat mergers of small stellar black holes is the most likely explanation - small black holes are heavy and fall to the center of galaxies. 5) Scientists infer a black hole’s mass by how it tugs on the stars around it, and they know the sun’s mass to use as a comparison - this is well-understood physics. 6) Light isn’t sucked - space and time coordinate sort of flip around inside a black hole so escape means travelling backwards in time and that’s not possible, even for light. 7) The previous point comes from general relativity theory, the inside cannot be seen only calculated. 8) I didn’t say things with mass don’t attract but other forces can overrule that attraction and keep two things apart - like the earth and the moon, or all the very tiny stuff that came just after the big bang. 9) Dark matter is helping hold the galaxies, etc. together but dark energy is trying to push things apart (dark energy is slowly winning this tug of war). 10) Heat death is our future.

[@PMA65537]

not sure if sore throat or bad mic setting

[@GRay-fp2kb]

I am interested in the topic heading more than the "background" part. Gravitation as a force is distinct from the other 3.as it is the first produced or rather inherent in the cradle in which it resides. Is it also related to the information, thermodynamics,fixed speed of radiation which are absolute needs for creation? I have a hunch that formation of this 4D universe is by a process of "opening up" from higher dimensions which produces the big bang (Ong in Vedic scriptures).

[@Brank0]

Superb video, as usual. I am curious what effect would gravitational waves from a black hole merger have on us if this kind of event was to happen very close to us, say a few lightyears away, given that the gravitational waves carry an enormous amount of energy. I have been curious about this for a while, but I haven' been able to find any relevant information. It would be great if you could do a video on that. Cheers!

[@DrDeuteron]

I think Dr Don (Fermilab) covered it. The amplitude falls linearly with distance, so a strain of 1e-20 at 1Gly would be 6e-7 at 1 AU, and 1:5000 at lunar distance. Pretty tolerable for the human body. From orbital distances (under 100 miles), we're long at 1:2.....sounds painful.

[@Brank0]

@@DrDeuteron Thank you for the reply. It is fascinating that so much energy, and we are talking about several Son's masses converted to energy, would do so little damage. Quite the opposite of what a supernova would do!

[@kataseiko]

I actually have one question about these laser interferometers that are used for the gravitational wave measurement. From what I have seen, these beams are only sent out in two directions and the planned space version will still only have 3 satellites that would effectively limit the wave detection to a "sideways" direction. Meaning, if the wave comes from a 90° angle (from the top), it is no longer possible to measure that wave. Are there plans to "fix" the situation and remove the blind spot?

[@bidish2224]

I think when a disturbance occurs inside a water body we see transverse waves only on the surface of water but inside the water there are only longitudinal waves. If that is the case how transverse waves such as light are possible in all directions of 3d space which means as if the surface is everywhere in 3d space.

[@thenullvoidabyss]

What exactly is Density Waves?

[@cgaccount3669]

Since space isn't a true vacuum is there any glimmer of sound out there in the universe? Or any other theoretical way to observe the universe besides light and gravity?

[@devinfaux6987]

Semi-related question: besides the ones we've detected during inspirals, how do gravitational waves interact with black holes? They propagate at lightspeed; does this mean they should be just as trapped by the event horizon as electromagnetic waves?

[@eljcd]

The BHs warp Spacetime and generate GWs well beyond their Event Horizons.

[@laurendoe168]

I have a question about the possible future gravitational wave detector. Currently, our detectors operate on what might be called the XY axis, because making a miles long Z axis would be incredibly difficult (and possibly hit by birds, planes, etc). In space, there is no "up", "down", "forward", "backward", "left", or "right"... so why not design a gravitational wave detector that watches all three axes??

[@laurendoe168]

(while you're at it...construct radio telescopes and place them at the L3, L4, and L5 LaGrangian points for a massive diameter radio telescope)

[@hearmeout5549]

Hi! is the following theory possible(?) - is it possible that when particles collies part of the energy that they produce is actually “echo” energy of the force that effected them ? meaning they will echo the collision energy, which is a “pulling” energy by waves? if we will go to Schrodinger wave theory, is it possible that they will wave their collision energy? this may continue as long as there is enough kinetic energy, the min the kinetic energy will get weaker, the probabilities will be gone and the waves will disappear eventually.

[@ArvinAsh]

I have no idea what is echo energy.

[@f.r.p.4319]

Please explain the quantun mecanics of liquid hidrogen ''climbe'' wall.

[@samcena3942]

How can gravity as the weakest force overcome the strong force in vicinity of a black hole where the nucleus get ripped apart despite the strong force holding it together?

[@ArvinAsh]

Something like that might happen at the singularity, but probably not at the event horizon. But at the singularity, we really don't know what's going on. Possibly, all fundamental forces become one.

[@kaizen_monk]

Arvin i can help you to add hindi subtitles as well. . You are doing excellent job

[@ArvinAsh]

Thanks. Hindi subtitles are available from Google. I don't turn them on because I was under the impression that most Hindi speakers also understand English. Is this presumption incorrect?

[@kaizen_monk]

@@ArvinAsh not all of hindi speaking population understand complex English, only Tiny minority of urban area English medium educated population does , those tiny percentage appear so much as india has huge population ...

[@ArvinAsh]

@@kaizen_monk Ok, I've added Hindi subtitles to this video. Let me know what you think of them.

[@michaeldelaney1058]

I'm curious why gravitational waves are restricted to the speed of light. Isn't it (hypothetically) true that distant galaxies are being driven away by space accelerating past the speed of light, thus making them impossible to view? Similarly, I've heard that cosmic inflation right after the big bang happened at faster than light velocities before slowing down, although I may be mistaken. If space itself is not bound by the speed of light, why do waves in spacetime have a speed limit? I know information can't travel faster than light, but I didn't know if gravitational waves somehow followed their own unique set of physical parameters.

[@ArvinAsh]

Gravitational waves travel within spacetime - so they are bounded by a maximum speed. Anything traveling in spacetime has a maximum speed. This max speed is the speed of light. However, the expansion of spacetime itself does not have a limit - so for example, expansion due to dark energy, or cosmic inflation can occur at any speed.

[@michaeldelaney1058]

@@ArvinAsh Let me see if I understand using an analogy. On an airplane, passengers are restricted to the maximum speed that a person is capable of walking. However, the airplane itself is able to travel many times faster than a person can walk. So in terms of gravitational waves, anything inside the universe cannot go faster than light, but the universe itself is not bound by the same speed limit. In other words, the universe is the airplane and gravitational waves are it's passengers. Wow, what a confusing and intricate topic. I truly wish I was better versed in the actual theory and mechanics. Is it too late to go back to grad school lol

[@ArvinAsh]

@@michaeldelaney1058 I think that’s a reasonable analogy. It’s never too late to pursue your passions.

[@saitama22]

Where do you get the information? Can you please suggest to me any source for studying. I also wanna study quantum mechanics but I'm not able to find any place which has simple to grasp content.

[@n-hexane8271]

Can only mass strain space Not fast movement?

[@jasemalhammadi4228]

Arvin, Do you think that the universe could be a massive invisible ocean where all celestial bodies swim through? The maximum speed in the universe is the speed of light which happens to be the speed of the gravitational waves propagating in space. Could it be that light (massless photons) can only travel at the maximum speed limit of the universe which is the speed of the medium it travels through creating waves in space time in its wake. This probably explains why light has the duality of wave-particle nature. Could it be that light is made of particles but the waves it creates in space-time (gravitational waves) are mistaken to be intrinsic to light? Apparently everything in the universe move as ships riding waves they create in the ocean of space-time. This approach may explain many phenomenons like the double slit experiment.

[@funkknob]

Space interferometer please!