How 'the Ukraine' became Ukraine (1187-1992): A Brief History

For the Kievan Rus': • 7: The Kievan Rus': Or...
For the Mongol Conquest of the Rus': • 8: The Mongol Yoke

[@ApostolicMajesty]

If you enjoyed this video, please like and leave a comment. It helps the channel a lot. Many thanks.

[@marketguydanu9888]

I would like to help you author. Kievan Rus as a state as today's Washington's America, London's Great Britain, Paris's France has never existed, as well as Moscovy, Moscovia, Ruthenia as modern reborn Ukrainian myths have never existed also. There are no international documents with such states, no rulers, not titles of rulers mentioned such terms. It is called FAKE HISTORY, DESINFORMATION. According to the Chronicles it is called Rus, Land of Rus, or Russian land. Rus is not a predecessor of Russia. Russia is Rus actually or Ρωσία (Россия) in Greeks literally or Rusland Rusia Ryssland Rosja in other historical documents or treaties in other languages of the past and present. The Russian Primary Chronicle or "Повѣсть времѧньныхъ лѣтъ" , Rurik with his men came to Novgorod slavs and created Rus or Russian land, or land of Russians in 862: «Изъбрашасѧ триє брата и придоша къ Словѣномъ пѣрвѣє и срубиша город̑ Ладогу и сѣде старѣишии в Ладозѣ Рюрикъ а другии Синєоусъ на Бѣлѣѡзерѣ а третѣи Труворъ въ Изборьсцѣ» «и ѿ тѣхъ Варѧгъ прозвасѧ Руская землѧ». Thus, Rus came from the North, Old Ladoga was the first capital of Rus, not Kiev. Novgorod slavs spoke Russian language and they called themselves Russians so far: «словѣнескъ языкъ и Рускыи ѡдинъ ѿ Варѧгъ бо прозвашасѧ Русью а пѣрвѣє бѣша Словѣне» Then after expansion to the South and creation of the largest country in Europe they lived in Russian cities: Kiev, Chernigov. Pereyaslavl, Polotsk, Rostov, Lubech and Novgorod: Hypatian Codex: В лѣто . ҂s҃ . у҃ . е҃ı [6415 (907)] ... и по том ̑ даӕти оуглады на Рускіє городы . пѣрвоє на Кієвъ . таже и на Черниговъ . и на Переӕславъ Ж 25. и на Полътескъ . и на Ростовъ . и на Любечь . и на прочаӕ город . по тѣмь бо городомъ . сѣдѧху кнѧзьӕ 26 З. подъ Ѡльгом ̑ суще. They are called Russians living on Russian land or Rus everywhere in the Chronicles and it is actually written in Russian language, so you can read them with a bit difficulty if you know Russian language, because the one wasn't changed so much. Principalities of Rus or feudal Rus doesn't mean that Rus ended. Political, cultural, religious, and people migration to the North and Moscow is explained by Mongol devastations, The North of Russia was safer for many reasons. The today's Rus or Russia as we know today with Kremlin, politics, ideology, the laws and Heraldry was formed by Ivan 3 the Great, the primary heir of Yaroslav the Wise, Alexander Nevsky and Dmitry Donskoy if it makes sense to you. As a ruler of all Rus and as a monarch he had all rights on the fatherland of his grandfathers as lands belonging to Rurik dynasty. All three modern East Slavic nations are formations of USSR actually, because there were no division before. Actually Russia just lost it's territories: Belarus and Ukraine that have never existed before. Ukraine is composed of Malorossiya, Novorossiya, Donbass region and Eastern Ukraine that "Ukraine" literally means "У края" "near margin" or "bordering land" between Poland and Russia. Today's Russia also has many ukraines as territories as it grew, but they are called shorter "Край" ( "margin", "border" ) - federal subjects of modern Russia. Khabarovsk Krai, Stavropol Krai, Zabaykalsky Krai. As for modern Ukraine as among the most corrupted countries, the flag of Ukraine is a flag of Lower Austria, the coat of arms they took from the town Old Ladoga - the first capital of Rus in Leningrad oblast. Ukrainians live on Russian land, in Russian cities, their ideology is nazi, their history is fake, 30 years of corruption lead to elimination of first rate science, technology, industry, they stole gas, debts, nowadays they try to steal the history of great nation and civilization, but there is no Ukraine in Rus history. 🤔

[@arseny2768]

I like how in reality many "countries" in medieval ages were loosely coupled entities and a political maps were looking more like a multicolored quilt blanket. Yet many popular historical maps show entire swaths of land in Europe as if they were united modern countries.

[@funki4896]

The maps do not show us the ethnicities or tribes but only what inbred idiot - uh I meant "nobility" ruled over what territory. People are stupid enough to think that if something is not on a map it does not exist...

[@gladeloy3341]

Tartaria ?

[@wesleyamancio3686]

@@gladeloy3341 yes

[@mrs.robinson1828]

Superb and well researched. Thank you for sharing your knowledge.

[@rodjarrow6575]

The term "Ukraine" literally means the line of the borderland, also, "Ukrainian", it is literally a border guard. It cannot be a separate nation, a nationality and a sovereign entity! Because there is a border guard service in every country in the world!

[@user-no2kf9yr2z]

​@@rodjarrow6575Ты когда- нибудь слышал о праве народов о самоопределении? Я думаю что нет! А твои высказывания о том что кто-то не имеет права на существование это уже чистый нацизм!

[@rodjarrow6575]

@@user-no2kf9yr2z "Тыкать" будете своей маме родной! Ликбез от гражданина Украины сегодня временно оккупирванной выродками НАТО начиная с февраля 2014! - Что не является словом "САМООПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ" - как не старайтесь врать и брехать здесь, используя метод казуистики из романа Джоджа Оруэла под названием "84"

[@rodjarrow6575]

"Тыкать" - будете маме родной! Ликбез от гражданина Украины, сегодня временно оккупированной выродкаминато, начиная с февраля 2014 - что не является "САМООПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕМ", как не крути и не бреши здесь, используя метод казуистики из романа "84" Джорджа Оруэла...

[@rodjarrow6575]

@@user-no2kf9yr2z "Тыкать" - будете маме родной! Ликбез от гражданина Украины, сегодня временно оккупированной выродкаминато, начиная с февраля 2014 - что не является "САМООПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕМ", как не крути и не бреши здесь, используя метод казуистики из романа "84" Джорджа Оруэла...

[@seandelaney9160]

This is a well organized and presented overview, with some vivid corroborative details.

[@vicmorrison8128]

What a great channel! One of the best on KZbin!

[@countalma9800]

Excellent lecture. Thank you very much!

[@informedchoice2249]

It's probably a lotmore work but it would be useful if you interacted with the maps whilst giving your lecture so we can see what specific areas we are referring to. In the more dense maps it would help a lot. That being said, I should probably just study the maps in more detail and shut up. saying Map 1,2 or 3 would help though and giving some vague area of ref within it would help.

[@rodjarrow6575]

The term "Ukraine" literally means the line of the borderland, also, "Ukrainian", it is literally a border guard. It cannot be a separate nation, a nationality and a sovereign entity! Because there is a border guard service in every country in the world!

[@informedchoice2249]

So you're asseting that Ukraine cannot be a separate nation from Russia? Just checking if you're completely nuts.@@rodjarrow6575

[@stefansoder6903]

Thank you! Exactly what I needed! Excellent!

[@lordflashheart5984]

Great lecture. More pls good sir

[@Cringe_Dispencer]

Very informative video, thank you!

[@matthelme4967]

I love the video. I would like to learn more about the Galacian language reforms you mentioned. Thanks.

[@michaelmills5984]

The Galician language is a Ukrainian dialect. In 1867 it was given recognition as one of official languages of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, in the context of the move by the Habsburg rulers to use the Rusyn population of the eastern part of the Province of Galicia and Lodomeria as a counterweight to the Polish nobility who dominated that province.

[@lobos320]

@@michaelmills5984My grandmothers parents came to the US in 1910 and 1912 from near Lviv. ( They spoke,read and wrote Ukrainian and Polish). I knew they came from Austria-Hungary not Russia and remember hearing one of grandmother's sisters saying how their parents'family loved the Emperor. Now it all makes sense

[@angelastubbe3809]

Thank you for the wonderful podcast. It is so important to have some understanding of history that goes beyond the simplistic, propagandistic narratives coming out of corporate media.

[@antonyeromin]

Hello from Kyiv. 🎉 I am excited 😅 about starting your video

[@user-no2kf9yr2z]

Привіт із Києва!

[@wom_Bat]

his voice got so raw at the end. The man needs some water breaks, maybe some honey lemon tea or something

[@CorePathway]

Elderberry lozenges. The smell will remind you of your father. Geddit?

[@krichardt]

Some cack perhaps

[@klytouch7515]

I think I am needing more red wine..😊🍷...hmmm

[@olgaluciasantamaria5141]

Ok

[@olgaluciasantamaria5141]

@@klytouch7515 with my

[@ire.kasidikasidiss8099]

Excellent ... excellent...Brilliant Job 👍👍

[@youtubeaccount24569]

Awesome video ! it would be wonderfull if you post the sources for this video, books and articles. I would like to read more on this topic

[@justsmashing4628]

Very good Sir.

[@0tube0user]

very good, thank you

[@passinthru4328]

I found my laptop screen was not big enough to make some of the maps legible so they did little to augment some of the audio content.

[@mrbigolnuts3041]

This is the most concise and comprehensive history of Ukraine I have come accross, very impressive!! Really wish I could find out more about Mihai Damianov in relation to Ukrainian nationalism?

[@arsla5308]

Український націоналізм це в першу чергу справа Міхновського

[@AIAvionics]

Yes, Damianov was a very influential figure, however he’s fallen out of fashion in Ukraine in recent times and the don’t really like to mention him as much now

[@fungunsun1]

Id say Ivan Franko and Mykhaylo Dragomanov were the first true ideologists of Ukrainian nationalism in actionable political activism sense

[@TvoyuMamkuMav]

Is that a real person?

[@AndyT-np8mm]

In German it's "die Ukraine". A bit like "die Schweiz". In English, there are a number of geographical names with the definite article: "the Gambia" "the Hague" "the Ukraine" "the Congo" etc.

[@mieszkomieszko]

Interesting lecture. A couple of comments: 1. Hetman is a Polish world loaned from German. Its Ukrainian counterpart is Ataman, perhaps loaned from Polish. 2. LIberum Veto was not restricted to the Magnates. In fact ANY(!) member of the gentry had that right (Which accounted for ~ 10% of the population!)., It were the members of the minor gentry who were usually bribed (cheaper, not drawing attention to the magnates etc.) 3. Chmielnicki was, almost certainly, a member of Commonwealth gentry

[@RuthenianModernism]

Hetman and Otaman are two different things and Ataman is the russian version, we use Otaman

[@user-vs3vd9xi4t]

Слово германцы произошло от города Керан в Сирии! Украинцы и керманцы пришлые племена из Сирии (Мари) финикийцы

[@user-cn9zx6yq4n]

Hetman is a higher title, Otaman is the leader of a group of Cossacks, or Koshovyi Otaman who ruled Sich

[@kkupsky6321]

you kinda sound like history with hilbert hahaha i thought the dutch anthem would play at the mention good show mate

[@karlsson4621]

It's great, only criticism is it's low resolution. Would have been easier to read the map's details better if so!

[@tramainecbaynes1364]

Cool video.

[@privateer7766]

Any chance you'll do Portugal?

[@resurrectingman9011]

Amazing video! But, when are you going to dedicate an episode to Poland??? ;) 🇵🇱

[@games4web]

Very interesting!

[@devilliers123]

Do the pictures move at all?

[@oksanatulpa7984]

At first there was Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia then Andey Bogolubsky carried the icon of Lady Virgin to Vladimir and as Kiev was coquered the throne of the mitropolit and the capital moved there . Then popeGeroge VIII announsed the Third Crusad, then in 13 th century Aleksander Nevskiy held a battle with the Teutonic Order and Russia had becamre almost independent from katholics and also Greek Patriarkh . Independent from Greeek because of the Mongols that conqured all the south , and Greek were not able to send their bishops

[@WangAiHua]

The Metropolia of Kyiv was "moved" because Muscovy kidnapped the Metropolitan of Kyiv and locked him up until he agreed to sign.

[@gijbfhjm]

“Carried” the icon? Why not simply say steal? As you muscovites always do

[@TheRagingPlatypus]

Hauptman is captain and the roots are haupt = head and man is of course man. Literally headman or captain.

[@gentlemanskier3107]

Isn’t ‘kopf’ head?

[@TheRagingPlatypus]

@@gentlemanskier3107 Yes, kopf is head. Haupt means head in the chief/leader sense. He's the head honcho. I wasn't totally clear or even very clear. Sorry for the confusion. For example, Hauptbahnhof means Main traain station. So, to reiterate, it means head as in leader or chief. In the old days, it did mean head as in the thing on your neck but isn't used in that sense any longer, at least as far as I know.

[@gentlemanskier3107]

@@TheRagingPlatypus Great, thanks for the explanation!

[@JohnAlexanderBerry]

Sounds rather complicated ! What I’d like to say about the “great Mongol empire” is that they failed miserably when they attempted to invade Japan in the 1270’s and 1280’s !!

[@johnnyjayrider187]

Yeah, the Japanese made mincemeat of those damn Monguls!

[@unclejoemaranta7530]

@@johnnyjayrider187 Good for them. They repelled the babarians from over-running the Japanese islands!

[@Laotzu.Goldbug]

@@johnnyjayrider187 it wasn't the Japanese, it was the sea

[@JohnAlexanderBerry]

@@Laotzu.Goldbug Wow! A real life ''Obergruppenfuhrer''. I thought that rank was abolished after 1945.🙂

[@roc7880]

they did conquer the rest of the eurasia until Carpathians.

[@svetlanaivnitskaya3504]

Kiev suffered so much thru the centuries!

[@inagordan4589]

so does the abused minorities.

[@honest9259]

I would also like to mention, that the terms that were used for self-describing of settlers in Rus / Kyiv state were - rusyny (ruthenians), ruski (руські). While these terms WERE NOT USED for settlers to the eastern-north from Rus = future Moscovia. There were living - Muscovites. The trend of calling muscovites as 'russians' appeared a FEW CENTURIES later, when young moscovian state started creating an 'ancient history' of itself by basically appropriating the history of Rus / Kyiv state. In the territory of current Ukraine term 'rusyny' / 'ruski' have been used till 19 or even 20 century. It had a history a thousand of years. While in so-called 'russia' term 'russians' has been appropriated and used for around 500-600 years.

[@honest9259]

Please, DO NOT use the term 'russia' for medieval Ukrainian state. It had a name Rus, not 'russia'. Yes, in greek translation Rus would be Russia. But due to the intense russian propaganda it happens a very harmful confusion. Rus / Kyiv state IS NOT 'russia' / Muscovia.

[@Anonymous07192]

Rus were a people just as much as a state, and though the primary base (not to say the only base, in my eyes Novgorod which is just as much "Russian" as Muscovy was, was just as much "Rus" as Kiev was) was in Kiev, modern Russia holds the vast majority of former Rus lands so it wouldn't be very honest to implicate just Kiev holds claim to it. I've noticed a lot of Ukranian propaganda lately trying to separate the modem Russians from the Kieven Rus which in my opinion is not very reasonable.

[@TheRagingPlatypus]

What is impressing me is that this is all extemporaneous. The fact you forgot the name of that city actually gives credence to your presentation. Impressive.

[@joseffinat966]

Snap er niets van het komt in een opwelling maar begrijpen hoe of wat,waarom is nog een behoorlijke blinde vlek, daarom is een begeleider op dit gebied noodzakelijk die beste man daarboven laat nog niet zijn kaarten zien daarom zit ik nog steeds in een afwacht mode WJ dus doe je best heb al een wandelstok 😂 ook dat was in een opwelling om die mee te nemen waarom😍? Die rare pool

[@GuinessOriginal]

Imagine being a professor of history and having a KZbin expert discount the 39 years of academic study because you temporarily forgot the name of one of tens of thousands of places you’ve learned about

[@paladro]

@@GuinessOriginal and we've never heard of a recorded production being edited for accuracy... half-assed academics do half-assed work.

[@GuinessOriginal]

@@paladro let’s hear your history of Ukraine Buddy, show us how it’s done. No doubt you’ll do a analysis of the key differences between Bandera and Maknho

[@honest9259]

I would also like to make another note. There was NO CONQUEST of Rus / Kyiv state by Lithuanians. There was RE-CONQUEST of Kyiv and Chernihiv by Lithuanians TOGETHER with ruthenians / settlers of Kyiv state. AND, Rus / Kyiv state became a part of Lithuanian state, WHERE ruthenian / rusyny's language was heavily in use, Kyiv intellectuals were heavily involved in governing of Lithuanian state. And Moscovia had a path SEPARATE from Rus / Kyiv. It is important distinction.

[@Son_of_Burebista]

To my knowledge, Kiev was already establishment when the Rus came down from the NW

[@Ernest-cv3cu]

Там было село с жабами, потом русские построили город.

[@Son_of_Burebista]

@@Ernest-cv3cu Toads or not, it was their pond and Russians thought, let's take over and annihilate them as a population. After so many hundreds of years nothing has changed....

[@user-no2kf9yr2z]

​@@Ernest-cv3cuЕсли воспринимать" Русь" как скандинавов, то они постепенно растворились и славянизировались. Тот ,кто строил Киев тот до сих пор здесь и живёт.Названия народов меняется.Сейчас это украинцы. Фино- угорские народы ,населявшие территории Междуречья Оки и Волги также постепенно славянизировались и вследствии " обрусения" стали великороссами.И что в этом плохого?

[@Ernest-cv3cu]

@@user-no2kf9yr2z вы правы - это прекрасно что славяно - русы освоили это междуречье, развили там земледелие и подружились с малочисленными финно-угорскими народами охотниками-собирателями. Жаль только не сохранилось в Киеве того славянского населения после разрушения его монголами, всё оно ушло на северо-восток в Залесье, так появилась Москва. А нынешний киев в основном пришлые тюрко-поляки с небольшой примесью славяно-русов с Москвы. Но, в этом нет нечего плохова я вас уверяю!

[@stevenjohns-savage7024]

Thanks 😊

[@marshagordon2703]

Thank you for this. The history of this area is very complicated and you seem to grasp it. One thing I would have liked to see is how the Cossacks figure in the independent Ukraine. I think you glossed over this too fast and from what I read the Cossacks are mostly Ukrainians.

[@GalicianGranddaughter666]

@@froggylegspeople that is wrong. The Don Cossacks were an entirely separate cossack society from Zaporizhzhian Cossacks which are talked about in this video. That was not the capital of all Cossack land. Also to see what nationality made up most Cossacks you have to google archives/registries of Cossacks from earlier centuries. Once you do that you’ll realize most Zaporizhzhian Cossacks have Ukrainian surnames. They end with suffixes -uk* -yk* -ko.

[@GalicianGranddaughter666]

@@froggylegspeople I’m aware that there were more societies… what I’ve been trying to say again and again is that Zaporizhzhian Cossacks have nothing to do with Don Cossacks. The persons question was about the role of Cossacks in Ukrainian society which is why I’m pointing out Zaporizhzhian Cossacks which are instrumental to the Ukrainian identity.

[@arsla5308]

Їхні основні закони це те що всі мають були християнами та знати українську мову. Більшість козаків етнічно українці, далі йдуть поляки та росіяни, зрідка були навіть шотланці! Але по ідеї по національності всі козаки вважались українцями або русинами(стара назва українців)

[@arsla5308]

@@GalicianGranddaughter666 якщо ви про козаків на Кубані, то вони теж в більшості були українцями

[@AIAvionics]

@@GalicianGranddaughter666 what’s wrong with the Don Cossacks exactly? Are they not Ukrainian enough for you ? How do you know what Cossacks he was talking about, I didn’t hear him make that distinction. You’re suggesting that Cossack society was totally separate and mutually exclusive and they didn’t intermingle but that just isn’t true

[@lobos320]

My grandmothers parents came to the US from near Lviv in 1910 and 1912. My grandmother didnt know much about her parents lives back in Europe. They were not ysuhht much. This video bring together s lot informstion i hsve read. It all makes more sense after this video

[@GalicianGranddaughter666]

I love this! It added many details to my understanding of the history of my people that I wasn't aware of. As someone who comes from Ukraine, I am impressed by your in-depth knowledge of Ukraine's history. Thank you for making this! There are some comments that I have though: 1. I would not call Ruthenia - Russia. Yes, both Ruthenia and Moscovia take roots in Rus. Yes, Ruthenia is just a latinized word for Rus. But, Ruthenia is a term that always refers to the Rus people within Poland/Lithuania/Austria as you yourself have pointed out, never Russia/Moscovy. 2. Also, the word kraj* meaning "country", the letter j is pronounced like y (like gUY, bUY). If you look at the word ukraine in Ukrainian, it contains the word "kraj" in it. The prefix "u" means inside the "kraj." (country). Ukraine only means "borderland" according to the Russian version of history. 3. Taras Shevchenko extensively uses the word "Ukraine" in his works and promotes the idea of an independent Ukraine. (example poem: "Гомоніла Україна"). 4. The Cossacks are Ukrainian in the modern sense. If you look at records of registered Zaporizhzhian cossacks online, you will realize that their last names sound Ukrainian, not Russian. This is evident by the suffixes they had -ko, -uk, -yk, etc. These are not Russian name suffixes. Yes, there was a plethora of other ethnicities within the cossacks but the majority were Ukrainian. I tried to make a video on this topic too, but I am not a historian and many things I talk about (much less extensively than you do here) I have learned in school in Ukraine and by doing independent research.

[@jezalb2710]

Ukraina - means a borderland but it comes from the Polish language. Back then when most of what is now Ukraine was a part of the Polish - Lithuanian Commonwealth. There were even plans/attempts to make it a Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian Commonwealth. Pity it did not work out

[@GalicianGranddaughter666]

@@jezalb2710 it is a pity because that led to Russian domination in the East. I repeat, in Ukrainian the word Ukraine means “inside the country”. It’s as simple as that. Russians and apparently Poles may claim a different origin to the word but, the fact is, it’s impossible to claim the original meaning of the word because that’s not how language works. Words evolve and morph into others. Just like the word “bayrak” means flag in Turkish and “gully/ditch” in Ukrainian. Meanings evolve.

[@jezalb2710]

@@GalicianGranddaughter666 you might want to check the etymology of the word Ukraine.

[@krotchferter]

@That Bygone Girl "Ruthenia" is the Latinization of the Greek word "Rosia." The Byzantine Greeks called what's now Russia, Ukraine and Belarus "Rosia." All of it. In fact it was the Greeks that called the area around Kiev "Mikra Rosia" or Small Russia; and the area around Moscow with it's vast wilderness "Megali Rosia" or Big Russia. In fact, as late as the 17th century, westerners referred to Muscovia as "Ruthenia." It won't let me post a link here, but I'd recommend looking up "Ruthenia" on Wikipedia. There you will find historical references to the area around Moscow and even the Russian far north and Caspian as "Ruthenia". Ruthenia very much means Russia. But the meaning/usage has changed over time. Even The Encyclopedia of Ukraine, which has a nationalist bias, admits this in its article on the term "Ruthenia." As history went on, the term "Ruthenia" became more and more restricted. Today there are 2 reasons why "Ruthenia" is used almost exclusively to refer to Ukraine, Belarus and Carpathia. 1.) Ruthenia is a Latin word, and the Catholic Church was the main space within which that name was used for the past 4 centuries, given their usage of Latin. The Rus they were talking about the most were the ones who were theirs: Uniates. 2.) Polish, Ukrainian and Belarusian nationalists began to use the term Ruthenia as a distinction between the Rus who lived in the western territories that had been occupied by Lithuania and Poland, versus the Rus in the east who coalesced around an independent Moscow. It was a deliberate act of distinction using an already existent word, albeit under a new meaning. Muscovites were unlikely to call themselves by a Latin name. They opted for the Greek "Rosia" which became "Rossiya." Ukrainian and Belarusian nationalists viewed Lithuanian and Polish annexation as a positive occurrence, owing their nationalisms to those annexations/occupations, and were happy to use the exonym applied to them by their former masters.

[@user-bi8pv3gr4s]

@@jezalb2710 it's obvious to understand that "borderland" is not a real meaning. Because the territories of Ukraine were borderlands only for Russian Empire while for Ukrainians it does not make any sense, it's not borderlands because they live on these territories.

[@LeendertCordemans]

Music of ouverture Egmont from Beethoven?

[@justian1772]

Thank you for this summary! It's a pleasant surprise these days to hear an accurate history - including naming etymology - in English.

[@justian1772]

Btw, I have a friend who is a descendant of Ruthenian immigrants who considers himself Russian/Rus.

[@StanislavM3000]

Cossack mostly Russians. In every Russian region there's Cossacks.

[@justian1772]

@@Readthis880 I would indeed argue that the modern Ukrainian folks are descendants of the Rus. The problem is they seem to hate the label, the culture, the writers, the statues and the Orthodox faith that comes with that label. So yes, it's there but you must engage with it if you want to make it yours.

[@marketguydanu9888]

@@justian1772 Moscovy, Moscovia, Ruthenia as modern reborn Ukrainian myths have never existed.

[@justian1772]

@@marketguydanu9888 And in Rand McNally they wear boots on their head and hamburgers eat people! But seriously what do you mean? Moskovy or the Moscow princedom certainly existed as a historical entity for a time. The Rusyn / Ruthenian people actually do exist. How do you mean? In that their reality differs from how modern Ukrainian propaganda talks about them?

[@honest9259]

Thank you very much for dedicating your time and bringing history of Ukraine to the focus. But I have to make a couple of important notes: 1. Rus (or Kyiv state) and 'russia' ARE NOT the same thing. There was no continuity and inheritance between Rus and 'russia'. Rus - it's medieval state that was located primary in the territory of today's Ukraine. So-called 'russia' is myth, created FEW CENTURIES later in Moscow. 'russia' / Moscovia is related to Rus in a similar way as Romania is related to Roman Empire. 2. There was quite a clear distinction, WHICH territory was Rus and which was not. So, when somebody would come to Vladimir or Rostov or Novgorod FROM Rus (Kyiv, Chernihiv, Pereyaslav) - they would say 'I go to Vladimir / Rostov / Novgorod'. If they would come from Vladimir / Rostov / Novgorod TO Rus - they would say 'I go to Rus'. There are plenty of written sources proving that. In other words, what is territory of so-called 'russia' today - were under INFLUENCE of Kyiv state = Rus, but they WERE NOT part of it. Just fyi, measure the distance between Kyiv and Rostov / Vladimir / Novgorod. And ask yourself HOW it could be integral environment (economically, mentally, linguistically, ethnically). 3. Novgorod appeared on the map few DECADES later than Kyiv. It proven simply by archeology. Novgorod WAS NOT sort of beginning or pre-state of 'russia'. It was absolutely another phenomenon from Kyiv and Moscow, that was completely occupied, DESTROYED and annexed by moscovian tsar Ivan. Even linguistics proves that reconstruction of language of Novgorod and language of Kyiv - were quite different languages.

[@davycrockett1112]

Good stream

[@donotmislead]

3:20 Novgorodъ on the Volxovъ river most definitely did not exist on the 9th century, while Kyjevъ most definitely existed well before the 9th century.

[@NotLeftarded1]

Anyone know the name of the painting in the thumbnail?

[@user-no2kf9yr2z]

The artist Mykola Ivasiuk has been painting the painting "Bohdan Khmelnytskyi's Entry into Kyiv in 1649" for two decades, and finished it 100 years ago - in 1912.

[@NotLeftarded1]

Thank you. I actually possess a copy of this painting. It was given to me by my stepfather whose name is also Bohdan. He passed away before telling me anything about it and I don't understand the writing on the image so I couldn't translate it. I feel conflicted about his family and their arrival to Canada. His father was 44th waffen SS.​ Something I did not know until after their passing. Again thank you for your response.@@user-no2kf9yr2z

[@user-no2kf9yr2z]

Yes I agree you have to educate yourself about your ancestors better next time. By the way, чей Крым?

[@NotLeftarded1]

@@user-no2kf9yr2z I didn't even say anything hateful. Where did my comment go ? By the way not my ancestors , step family. My actual mother and father were both French Canadian. Moi ausi . I'm actually the first French-Canadian in my family line to not marry a French girl.

[@NotLeftarded1]

@@user-no2kf9yr2z Sorry I cannot understand your last question because I do not understand the Cyrillic alphabet. 😔 I am completely ignorant of Eastern European languages.

[@thomasdonovan3580]

After this lecture I feel like I'm an expert on Ukraine.

[@joseffinat966]

Walachia is dat een afgeleide van Walhalla?

[@robertmyers6488]

A correction Genghis or Chinngis does not mean universal it means biting like a wolf. It's also possible that it means change. Khan of course means chief or leader. Kahn of Khans would be Kakhan (more or less) Temujin refused to call himself khan of khans.

[@mktdul2095]

Wow! Bravo!

[@user-cn9zx6yq4n]

after the fall of Kyiv, the successor was not the Volodymyr-Suzdal principality, but the Galicia-Volyn principality, which held a governor in Kyiv and became the kingdom of Rus under King Danylo

[@shnubie]

24k views! AM hitting some serious number, brillaint well deserved, one of the best history channels around.

[@nicktrueman224]

Ukraine saw some huge battles between the Ottomans and Polish Lithuanian commonwealth. 1st Chocim and with Chleminitsky and the Commonwealth Beresteczko. And far smaller ones during the uprising

[@jackgentry2009]

I like the video overall. I do contend with is quick dismissal of names. The Russ doesn’t “ essentially mean Russia”. The Muscovites take the name “Russia” to essentially lay claim to the Russ. When you use this language it takes away from cultural, political, and linguistic differences between these peoples. The Russ was a large area, but they’re not all Russian “ in the modern standard”.

[@missadventuresmotorcycledi2773]

Fabulous voice.

[@UNKN0WN_1]

39:39 - Chmielnicki or Kmielnitsky...and Cossacks. Thats a nice spin on the story, but not actual history. Revolt had nothing to do with Independence. 1. the Picturesque Cossacks of 16 and 17th century were landless peasants, runaways, and vagabounds, adventures, turned steppe warriors that have organised themselves in the style of fighting and customs on The one and only true historic original Cossacks, the Zaporozian Cossacks and their Sicz, or Sitch.. however spelled in english. These Cossacks, have been a fighting force, a light cavalry and light infantry. They did not or could not own the land, and preferred steppe warrior lifestyle, then hard work toiling lands or farms. They were raiding and pillaging as bad as Tartars and often working with them. At a Point in time, when Polish Cities and holdings grew, and more locals were assimilated into Poland Lithuanian realm, these Cossacks had to be managed and made useful. Polish Parliment dedicated yearly budget to employed them in defence of the population living int the regions up and at the ukraine areas i.e borderlands, and to prevent them from raiding eastern provinces of The Republic. Also they were required to sware filthy to the crown and the Republic and to fight in it's wars everywhere and anytime. i.e. they were placed the on the Register. Administered by hetmans who would chose who gets the pay. These Cossacks were known as Registered Cossacks. Those Registered Cossacks would have the letters confirming their status, and could have employed from their affiliates from their own pay, or on the promise of loot their retainers. Which were not Registered, had not appropriate letters, and were the responsibility of the Registered Cossack and ultimately their elected Hetman, and had to sware filthy to the crown and The Republic. In such a way the Cossack host would be assembled for war, and their economy operated. Gradually, over centuries Cossacks were outclassed by the advances on the battlefields and in warfare and because of increase in diplomacy and thus become less reliable as a fighting force. Their economic model and their ways of conducting warfare did not aged well and at some point Parliament reduced the size of the registers on to which Cossacks were reliant. At the end it ment less money to go around for ever growing number of Cossacks looking for a war, easy money, and loot. Although Cossacks were spirited fighting force to be reckoned with, they were undisciplined, and thus not reliable, which caused issues when you play the escalatory use of force as a chess pieces in the great game of negotiated conflict resolution via diplomacy. Thus messed up Cossak way of life. Their economic foundation, had shifted. And their choices were either to go back to farming, or go on to pillaging to sustain way of life. And they instead of become useful, like upgrade their ways of war making, or become farmers, they decided to raid Poland and Ruthenian and Polish population alike because they knew it and it was easy pickings for them. In the meantime you have Chmielnicki, who started his own private and personal war with other Polish Noble, over some disputed land and his wife that run oft with the former. After numerous petitions and personal visits, Polish King could not really help him with his dispute with other Polish noblemen (which carried some favour with king) , albeit gave him free hand to settle this one way or the other. Unfortunatelly Chmielnicki Quickly hooked with some disgruntled Cossacks turned pirates that were ready to fight for pocket money and personal war turned out of proportions after these Cossacks went butt shit crazy and started slashing and burning, looting and causing havoc. Now King did not like it, took exception to that and wanted Chmielnicki to put an end to it, or face consequences. Chmielnicki fell with the bad company, got trapped, felt power since he had the ear of the king, was educated, and took upon himself the role of the advocate General of the Cossack grievances. After violance and pogtoms, King and nobles had enough, and the whole thing (originally personal issue) escalated out of proportion and into revolt, that took a life on it's own, and beyond anything that Cossacks expected. Mind You there was active Russian agitation that looked for ways to divide Ruthenians and Poles. (Not that there was no tension to exploit, but that was manageable between Orthodox and Catholics, nobles and peasants (not sefs) ). Ethnic component was not much of an issue at that time. But the whole thing had nothing to do with Independence however broadly understood. Linking it to Ukrainan identity is severly overstretching imagination. Cossacks first allied with Tartars, then with Russians, and after they got the taste of Ruski mir they literally bagged Polish King to get under his Protection and returned voluntarily under Polish crown. The need to modernise the political landscape within the Republic in terms of Ukraine as a political region or Partner was recognised, however, due to democratic processes within the Republic many nobles had an issue with elevating bunch of unruly trouble makers (who up until recent were pillaging and killing their families and their estates in terrible Pogroms. ) to a peer group level in stance and in political influence. So that is the history how Region ultimately fell pray to Russia hundred or so yearslater and become a place of Russification and ethnic cleansing.

[@arsla5308]

Це не зовсім так. В козаків були свої поселення та вони грабували тільки тих хто грабував їх(привіт кримли, турки, росіяни та поляки)

[@arsla5308]

Так само козаки мали свою конституцію, будували церкви та освітні заклади

[@arsla5308]

Ви так кажете ніби частина етнічно-історичних українських зелель не були під польською окупацією, шляхта(особливо польська) не ставали козаками та подібне

[@arsla5308]

Серйозно не треба так паплюжити своїми наговорами цим прекрасних бійців та еталон демократії на їхніх землях

[@UNKN0WN_1]

@Arsla No, Ruthenian Population of the Territories of what has become Ukraine of today, had been literally depopulated by Mongols. What little left of the Locals, was but a small percentage of survivors. After Mongols retreated, Lithuanians replaced them as local tax men. But Lithuanians were not developing Infrastructure, just collecting taxes. Like Mongols before them. In the meantime, Poland started to Clash with Lithuania over some Territories in Halych regions, and Volhynian. To stop the conflict, Poles elected in parliament to marry then female Polish King (not queen) to the Lithuanian Prince and elevated him to the status of the King, thus securing Personal Union between the two countries. Poles were City Builders and developed infrastructure while Lithuanians as a Light horsemen provided services which later Cossacks assumed. Into that Land Many peoples of Varied backgrounds from Nobles to lowest of the low start immigrating, they were driving to settle there and have a second or simply first or one and only chance of starting New Life and carve something that provides for freedom, financial independence, and good life. Surviving "Natives" where often Minority, and Ruthenian Nobles, they had their need to populate their lands with skilled labour, hence multinational settlers. But these were located on prescribed and agreed plots, and mortgages and or were given lands under different locational laws. But that is separate story. Those that were not fortunate to be in position to buy land, or secure rights to own one, for whatever legal reason, or simply did not want to get mortgage and hoped for quick money from looting, went further east, to the lands that earned the nickname Wild Fields. (Technically under Polish and Lithuanian Jurisdiction. These lands were open to all brave, hardy, desperate or stupid settlers, and if you were able to hold it, it was yours. There they tried their luck against uneasy Nature and Tartars or Mongols. More often than not, whatever they have made, built or created, was ruined by Mongols or Tartars raids, and many had to simply fight to protect themselves and their families. These People were later to become what people in popular imagination call Cossacks. (But hey were not the Zaporizhian Cossacks who apparently had been an ethnic group, used their lifestyle and social organisation because this was the only model of operating that was conducive to survival in this unforgiving land). But Cossack were not ethnic group, they represented large cross section of Neighbouring societies coming from the high and mighty to low and downtrodden. Cossacks are the result of the circumstances of living in what essentially was a warzone. Area of Ukraine a borderland between Mogol-Tartar-Turkic and later Muslim World and Christian Civilisations. What I am saying here is not depreciate the story of Cossacks, it took hardy people to survive and thrive in that land, they developed certain culture and traditions that become important part of regional folklore and tradition. Their Subsequent struggles for recognition as an equal members of the Republic of free peoples, and have all the privileges and liberties and protections of Polish Lithuanian nobles bestowed up on them, and to secure the place at the table is as inspirational story as much as Polish that fought for the same thing for centuries as well. Poles failed to recognize and or accept their Cossack brethren requests for equality within the realm. Everyone had their reasons. One thing is certain, that caused further divisions and played both peoples into the hands of Russian tyranny with tragic consequences for both of the nations. But modern-day Ukraine, while it does borrow much from the Cossack heritage, was not and is not build by Cossacks but by the People of multinational heritage who tilled the land, built cities and created infrastructure that was able to sustain Cossacks fighters and their lifestyle for centuries.

[@brentanoschool]

was Ukraine identified more with what it was not then rather what it was?

[@arsla5308]

Українці асоціюють себе в першу чергу з козаками та українськими письменниками

[@AIAvionics]

@@arsla5308 the Don Cossacks?

[@AIAvionics]

I think you might be onto something there Steve, they’ve been invaded and taken over by so many of their neighbours they just want to be distinct from them all. Apparently Ukraine means thoroughfare, frontier or borderlands, which seems quite appropriate

[@pocoexigente]

@@AIAvionics no, with the original Ukrainian Cossacks, i.e. Zaporozhian, because the Dons are just drunk russified bandits

[@willek1335]

22:17 "...and always be historical of claimed numerical figures of history..." What did you mean by "always be historical of..."?

[@emilbordon1329]

I remember when it was all Scythia.

[@dzemperator]

Great stream! I must say it's refreshing hearing an educated westerner not automatically morally condemn countries as Russia and Serbia

[@64cousins]

It just a pity that this sort of work gets suppressed and dumbed down to a simple goodies/baddies message that erases the history of this area

[@rajanajovovic6184]

Rascia from Serbs made Russia peoples

[@AIAvionics]

@@64cousins scroll though the comments and you start to see a bit of that

[@stanislavstashchuk711]

OK-OK! This is interesting!

[@Toll_Booth_Willie]

My wife of twenty years is from Ukraine 🇺🇦 and is very emphatic to our children that it’s Ukraine without The in front of it.

[@hazelwray4184]

without "The" in front of it.

[@funki4896]

54:21 that is simply untrue - just read T. Shevchenko's poem "Заповіт" (testament/last will): "Як умру, то поховайте Мене на могилі Серед степу широкого На Вкраїні милій" (When I die then bury Me in a grave In the broad steppe In lovely Vkraine)

[@niarlatotepbasset]

That song was written in 1845, which is much later.

[@funki4896]

@@niarlatotepbasset go for tge time stamp. It's about the statement that members of the Brotherhood of Cyrill and Methody did not use the term "Ukraine". But Shevchenko - a member of the brotherhood did use it which is actually well known by anyone who really knows something about Ukraine unlike this youtuber who just makes up "alternative facts"...

[@richardmeyeroff7397]

It is my opinion that this presentation be split into between 6-10 segments with more supporting material. It is so dense that it becomes confusing trying to keep track of the complex history. All of the people and events involved need to be better defined. While the use of the maps is ok, you need to enlarge the segment of which map you are referring to and to mark the segments that you are referring to.

[@rodjarrow6575]

An explanation of the maps of the countries of the world at all times of history: The term "Ukraine" literally means the line of the borderland, also, "Ukrainian", it is literally a border guard. It cannot be a separate nation, a nationality and a sovereign entity! Because there is a border guard service in every country in the world!

[@user-no2kf9yr2z]

​@@rodjarrow6575Ты российский бот, не неси чушь!

[@rodjarrow6575]

@@user-no2kf9yr2z Вашому ганебному Євро-неуцтву вчити напам'ять - лікнеп: За винятком далярових євреїв в кріслах влади сучасної України, насправді, всі українці - руськи (росіяни) 100% на всій землі до польського кордону, де стоїть старовинне містечко Рава-Руська (а не Українська)! Інших немає, починаючи з Хрещення Русі 988 року! Тому що "Росія" (латиною Russia) це є Візантійське ім'я Хрещення Русі (!) Хресне ім'я на всі часи! Котре не змінюють за бажанням ваших хазар-юдеїв з Лондонії та Вашингтонії...

[@rodjarrow6575]

@@user-no2kf9yr2z If you are an ignorant person, then you don't need to brag about it all over KZbin...

[@user-no2kf9yr2z]

​@@rodjarrow6575Так, українці це русини, а ви московити.

[@stkachenko1]

Why “The” is in front of Ukraine?

[@AIAvionics]

Because it was always called the Ukraine. Since the war started for some reason the The has been dropped, probably because it doesn’t fit the narrative. Ukraine means borderlands, frontier or towards the edge in Russian, which is where the word originated, and i guess the translation for years came from the Russian, therefore the Ukraine. Now everything Russian is suddenly totally evil they’ve dropped the The. Bit stupid if you ask me, just propaganda really

[@stkachenko1]

@@AIAvionics it never was “the”… Did someone tell you that you’re an useful idiot? You are conveying narratives of kremlin propaganda. Sorry for bursting you bubble.

[@user-lc6ht4hj5c]

Lebo sa jedna o územie u Kraja obyvané minimálne 6. narodmi a ďalšími narodnosťami , Len nie vymyslenym ukrajinskym národom Bismarkom. Aký je to národ ktorý má v štátnom znaku Chazarský 🔱 trojzubec ?

[@stkachenko1]

@@user-lc6ht4hj5c тобі хто-небудь казав, що у тебе вади розумового розвитку?

[@Wojewoda.]

A Ukraine, the Ukraine - you can call it however you like. We are still here and we are still the inheritors of Rus, our old state with its heart in Kyiw, Chernihiw and Pereyaslaw.

[@gijbfhjm]

You are telling Russian version of history

[@jeffc9673]

The land most fought over in all the Earth.

[@5points7019]

Odd how this is usually the most sought after nation in the game of RISK

[@Heisenberg882]

Nah I think there’s a lot of hotspots of warfare like: Northern France and Belgium, the Rhineland, northern Italy, western Poland and eastern Prussia, the balkans, etc

[@jensramputh]

The definitive article of "The" is used for several countries in the German language. It would be grammatically incorrect to omit it. You wouldn't say. " Im visiting city." You would say " Im visiting the city " This obsession with " The" is silly

[@donotmislead]

5:00 There were no «principalities» in Rusь, not to speak of their hierarchy.

[@anotherj4896]

If only Tucker had watched this Livestream.

[@donotmislead]

6:40 The name of Ukraine has nothing to do with the steppe, while the very idea of the Ukraine turning into Ukraine is a complete nonsense from any point, including etymological, historical and geographical.

[@avus-kw2f213]

43:18 F Didn’t he get arrested recently ?

[@pavelavietor1]

ARE YOU TELLING ME ALL THIS SOLDIERS ARE KILLING EACH OTHER ARE THE SAME PEO WITH DIFFERENT NAME, HOLY CRAZY CRAP, HUMAN CONDITIONING AT IT'S BEST. NICE VIDEO SALUDOS ❤

[@catnap387]

no.......they are not the same.....Just as the dutch and germans are not the same

[@pavelavietor1]

@@catnap387 hello thanks God I don’t have to defend my position, ,,,,THEY ARE ONE ,,, LA HERMANDAD , definitely defend it for me , yesterday and today. VIVA DUTCH LAND , THANKS TO GERMANICO Y ALEMAN . saludos

[@iii-ei5cv]

How likely is it that the German princess who ruled as Catherine was truly motivated by a desire to reunite the Rus people after 600 years?

[@baileygregory9192]

By all acounts she quickly assimilated into russian culture and society after moving their,

[@richardmeyeroff7397]

She was also motivated by Russias' need for a warm water port as it was needed for exporting the grain that the rest of Europe needed.

[@donotmislead]

6:20 Kyjevъ was a medieval city-state with its own domain known as Kyjevskaja Zemlę and thus never disintegrated.

[@joeychicago6322]

Now you must do the history on Poland. I am very educated in her history and there is a bit more to it then Ukraines. The Poles, Russ and Ukraine are close not only in land but do have some intersecting history's.

[@kellygastiger6946]

😀👍

[@giuseppelongoni2591]

Per cortesia, esprimete i anche in italiano se possibile. Grazie.

[@rodjarrow6575]

An explanation of the maps of the countries of the world at all times of history: The term "Ukraine" literally means the line of the borderland, also, "Ukrainian", it is literally a border guard. It cannot be a separate nation, a nationality and a sovereign entity! Because there is a border guard service in every country in the world!

[@donotmislead]

3:00 There was no collapse or break of any civilization in between Rus (839-1434) and Muscovy (1502-1917) because these countries never bordered and were completely unrelated.

[@niarlatotepbasset]

Sure...sure...

[@donotmislead]

243 thousand Muscovite soldiers have been killed in Ukraine for sure.

[@lanagukina3338]

Ukraine is used without The, just Ukraine

[@Giganfan2k1]

The world took "The" out of Ukraine February 27th.

[@GuinessOriginal]

Yeah calling it the Ukraine doesn’t fit the narrative

[@myassizitchy]

maybe its "A Ukraine" now 🤔

[@GuinessOriginal]

@@myassizitchy in 1918 there were four independent Ukraine’s, maybe we’re going back to that

[@Giganfan2k1]

@@GuinessOriginal 1918... 😭

[@volo7877]

24 of February!!!

[@robertmacdonaldch5105]

I have worked my way up to episode 13 on the Romanovs, very informative series and vital to understand this war

[@rajanajovovic6184]

Lenin killed Romanovs , Lenin was Hazar like Stalin

[@user-lc6ht4hj5c]

@@rajanajovovic6184 Lenin-Ulianov bol Turkotatarský Žid. Stalin Gruzinec nedoštudovaný pop, vychovávala ho len matka

[@captainscarlett1]

My father was Ukrainian. When I was little I called it Ukrainia. He called it The Ukraine.

[@joseffinat966]

Blijkbaar bezit het meerdere namen net zo NEDERLAND ( Neder- land= HOLLAND ( Hol-Land ( gas weg geeft holtes 😂👉🤔😍👉🤓

[@pocoexigente]

@GENETIC BEAST аutіstіс person identified

[@Ukie88]

My father and mother were Ukrainian and called their country “Ukraine”

[@Bzgiorno_Bzgiovanna]

He probably was of second generation of emigrants

[@niarlatotepbasset]

@@pocoexigente , tank you for identifying yourself, little WEF minion.

[@lubacrane3974]

The Ukraine, or Ukraine?

[@arsla5308]

2 правильно. Без прибавок

[@donotmislead]

7:50 Slovenic krajь cognate with Germanic kreis and has nothing to do with Germanic mark.

[@mitkodimitrov8396]

May i ask,how many bulgarian priests run in Ukraine,after Basil the Bulgarslayer 1185 year,and are this Old church slavonic not old bulgarian,all bulgarians understand it with no knowledge of it and before mongols and khazars,are those land not bin in Old Great Bulgaria of khan Kubrat,and there lived bulgar tribes ?

[@npalmi88]

I got my cossack stuck in my zipper one time, hurt like hell

[@googiegress7459]

Slow down, the problem is you were rushin'

[@johnnyjayrider187]

@@googiegress7459 Too funny !! 😃

[@claesmansson9070]

Was other way around for me,got the zipper stuck in my cossack which she didnt appreciate?

[@rileyperkins2724]

LOL!!!!

[@skadiwarrior2053]

@@claesmansson9070 Naughty, this is a very high class channel for very high class people, out with you !!!

[@thethinredline4714]

Cossacks in an American context would be something like a border militia a bit the same as the men who fought at Alamo only the Cossacks existed for a much longer period and therefor had a more rich history

[@mizkitty472]

A rich history? Killing Jews in pogroms :-(

[@thethinredline4714]

@@mizkitty472 I wonder why ? they did that

[@arsla5308]

Я б не сказала😅. Історія козаків для поляків наприклад нагадує вестерн

[@AIAvionics]

More like rich landowners who owned farms and horses and rode. More akin to knights really

[@thethinredline4714]

@@AIAvionics not agreed most of the Cossacks were quite poor

[@user-wn4sw4ig5j]

9:30 9:30 "Ukraine which did not exist before 1945" 😂 Is he out of his mind?

[@marna7325]

Gaul?

[@inagordan4589]

they are fully responsible for all disasters that t hey received.

[@Mr.SMiLeY1025]

Nah this video is awesome

[@Ukie88]

Let’s face it, 40 million people want to be Ukrainians in Ukraine now and are suffering AGAIN because of it. History has many interpretations and the Soviet one has had preeminence and continues to be the ideology for the invasion.

[@damaristighe3227]

Wonderful visual sequence. Good Game.

[@mykolaj1110]

In order not to call Ukraine a borderland, you need to understand Slavic languages ​​and understand what the word "kraina"(country) is and why there is a "U" prefix. You can write the Ukrainian word "країна" its "country" in Google Translate and then translate it into Polish and then into English. It translates as country or state. So why do you tell Russian propaganda about the border? Whose border was Ukraine, if when Ukraine was Kievan Rus, for example, the Kingdom of Poland in the west of Kievan Rus was afraid of becoming the border of Kievan Rus, and Russia did not exist in the east at that time, Russia appeared only in 1721... Ukraine is not a borderland. Russians call Ukraine a borderland to humiliate that they are not a country but a part of their Russia, but Ukraine in Slavic languages ​​is translated as a state that is higher than its other possessions, i.e. Kievan Rus. The prefix "U" and the word "kraina"(country) (in Slavic languages ​​"kraina" its - country, is a state) and the prefix "U" means a state higher than the lands that are under its control and pay tribute to them during the time of Russia, at that time such a country as Russia did not exist... When Kyivan Rus was baptized in 988 in Kyiv, not even Moscow existed and Russia did not exist from Moscow to the Bereng Sea. Russia as a state began its existence only after Vladimir Suzdal principality attacked Kyiv in 1169, and then, together with the Mongols, they destroyed Kyivan Rus in 1240, and then the Moscow principality was born there, which then became a kingdom and in 1721 called itself Russia as a Byzantine variant , but they did not have the lands of Russia, which were the middle of the Dnieper region, so in fact, to put it briefly, Russia is a fictional country that wants to occupy the lands of Ukraine in order to seize Kyiv and take away the history of Kyivan Rus. It is the same as if Ukraine said that it was Lithuania after 1240, or Poland... but Ukraine does not take away the history and names of other countries and peoples and does not take away their history from them, and yes, Ukraine admits that it was part of Lithuania, but Ukraine does not says that she is Lithuania? Russia, taking the name and creating an analogue of the name Rus', called itself Russia and is now going to war to take away the history of Ukraine and its land, while Ukraine could have been called, for example, Scythia and that's all. Another proof that Ukraine is not Russia, but that Kyivan Rus and Ukraine are not the "border" of Russia, which did not exist for 700 years when Ukraine was a state and Kyivan Rus was baptized in Kyiv in 988, is that - The word Ukraine is essentially an analogue of the term inland, inland, center, that is, Rus, and according to the annals, this is the middle Dnieper region, it is there that there are the rivers Ros, Rosavka, Rosava, Rostavitsa and a bunch of villages with the same names, and in the west there is the city of Rava Ruska , Ruska and not Russian) also in the east there is the village of Ruska Lozova, and down the Dnieper River Ruska Polyana, there is also Ruska Ternova, Ruska Tishki, etc., the village of Rosava, etc., there is Rumunia right near the border of Ukraine the village of Ruska Polyana, too, 90% of Ukrainians live there. Therefore, Ukrainians are Russ, Ruthenians, Ruthenians, but since Kievan Rus collapsed after 1240, it was necessary to create an analogue of a new name for the lands that were Rus and the lands that belonged to Rus, and this is in conditions when there is a horde in the northeast, which confuses concepts, namely this horde invented the adjective word Russians, which they called different tribes of the Fino-Ugro-Taro-Mongol. As for why Russia took the Roman name of Russia, this is also a separate story, Russia has always stolen the history and heritage of foreign states, then it fought for the right to be the main heir to Rus, after the collapse of Rus itself became part of the Golden Horde and fought for the right to be its main heir, but the Crimean Khanate won there, then Moscow fought for the right to be the main heir to Byzantium and may have heard how they called Moscow 3 Rome, they created Kleinods supposedly theirs with fake letters for Monomakh's hats, etc., and Byzantium called itself the Roman Empire type 2 from Rome and the Roman Empire, which they gnawed in the west, here Russia, too, taking history, following the example of Byzantium, decided to take the history of Russia, but it could not be called Russia directly; another, now Russia has decided to go to war and steal the history of Russia by twisting, this is one of the reasons to go to war with Ukraine. Russia wants to Steal the history of Kievan Rus in Ukraine, this is a small part of why Russia attacked, Russia also wants to restore the Soviet Union and wants Ukrainians to survive again under Russian repression, Russia deported Ukrainians, made famines, threw Ukrainians into foreign wars like Finland in 1939. If the Ukrainians do not have their own separate state, then I assure you, Russia will start throwing Ukrainians at war in Kazakhstan, Moldova, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia. If they fight back to help Ukraine, then Russia will go further with a war on other countries. Ukraine is the only country that can stop Russia and destroy Russia as a Soviet Union so that it no longer goes to war.

[@mmjohns2705]

Sweeet, thank you, just starting to watch it now!

[@RagPlaysGames]

Speaking of the Cossacks reminded me of a story that my grandmother told me about her grandfather who fought on the Eastern Front in WWI. She said he told her that he and his fellow German soldiers feared the Cossacks the most. They were always on edge about them crawling up to them through the grass and slitting their throats in the night with certain long knives they carried. Luckily that he did not suffer that fate but rather was shot in the leg and sent back home, to live on to old age albeit with a bit of a hobble.

[@AIAvionics]

He was talking about the Don Cossacks I think

[@funki4896]

Same intro as Thorsten Heinrich. Coincidence?...